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Introdução: As fraturas faciais pediátricas possuem menor incidência e fatores como a presença dos germes dos dentários e o crescimento crânio faciais em desenvolvimento exigem maior atenção do cirurgião bucomaxilofacial. Objetivo: relatar caso clínico de fratura mandibular múltipla em paciente pediátrico e evidenciar a importância do atendimento multidisciplinar no tratamento do paciente politraumatizado. Caso Clínico: Paciente do gênero feminino, cinco anos, vítima de acidente automobilístico com trauma facial e cranioencefálico foi admitida no pronto socorro. Após diagnóstico e tratamento do trauma cranioencefálico (drenagem cirúrgica de hematoma extra-dural) a paciente foi abordada pela equipe de cirurgia buco maxilo facial para a realização de osteossíntese das fraturas de sínfise à direita, corpo mandibular esquerdo e do processo alveolar em região dos elementos dentários 73 e 83. Devido à idade da paciente, possivelmente não colaborativa no pós-operatório e a complexidade da fratura dentoalveolar na região anterior mandibular, optou-se pela remoção da tábua óssea vestibular que continha os dentes anteriores inferiores decíduos e a exodontia do elemento 31 não erupcionado que impossibilitava seu reposicionamento adequado. Uma prótese parcial removível provisória foi confeccionada para a reabilitação protética. Após 6 meses de proservação foi realizada a remoção dos materiais de síntese e a paciente encontra-se em bom estado geral, sem queixas álgicas e/ou sinais de infecção. Conclusão: O tratamento das fraturas em crianças pode ser realizado com uma boa previsibilidade de sucesso, por meio da fixação com placas e parafusos de titânio, sendo que as mesmas devem ser removidas em um segundo procedimento cirúrgico.

This study aimed to evaluate, through histomorphometric analysis, the bone repair process in the tibia of rats treated with zoledronic acid and submitted to 808-nm low-level laser therapy (LLLT) by using arsenide aluminum gallium laser. For this purpose, 20 rats were used and distributed according to treatment: group 1-saline administration; group 2-treated with LLLT; group 3-treated with zoledronic acid; and group 4-treated with zoledronic acid and LLLT. The zoledronic acid was administered at a dose of 0.035 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. Subsequently, bone defects of 2 mm were prepared in the tibias of all groups. The bone defects in groups 2 and 4 were irradiated with LLLT in the immediate post-operative period. After 14 and 28 days of application, the animals were submitted and euthanized for histomorphometric analysis. The results were submitted to statistical analysis (α = 5%), and the intragroup comparison was performed using the t test. On the other hand, for intergroup comparison, the ANOVA test was performed, and to the groups presenting statistically significant difference, the Student-Newman-Keuls test was used. In intergroup comparison, group 1 (mean ± SD= 45.2 ± 18.56%) showed a lower bone formation compared with groups 2 (64.13 ± 3.51%) (p = 0.358) and 4 (15.2 ± 78.22%) (p = 0.049), at the 14-day period. Group 3 (20.99 ± 7.42%) also presented a lower amount of neoformed bone tissue, with statistically significant difference when compared with groups 1 (p = 0.002), 2, and 4 (p ≤ 0,001). After 28 days, group 1 presented a lower amount of neoformed bone tissue compared with the other groups, with p = 0.020. Thus, it was concluded that LLLT associated with zoledronic acid is effective for stimulating bone formation in surgically created defects in rats, at the periods studied.

This study presents the case of a patient who required antrostomy under general anesthesia to treat a sinus lift complication. The patient was a 43-year-old woman with no systemic abnormalities who underwent maxillary sinus lift surgery associated with mineralized bovine bone graft. The Schneiderian membrane was perforated during the procedure, and the rupture was treated with collagen membranes to close the wound and contain the biomaterial, preventing its dispersion. The patient developed a maxillary sinus infection 7 days after surgery. This infection was initially treated with 875 mg amoxicillin combined with 125 mg clavulanic acid. Although the initial infection did not worsen, the patient developed maxillary sinusitis. Thirty days after the onset of the initial infection, the patient underwent an intraoral surgery under local anesthesia to remove the biomaterial and clean the sinus cavity. Despite this procedure, maxillary ostial patency was still compromised, and antrostomy was performed endoscopically in a hospital setting under general anesthesia. This procedure resolved the sinus infection. Then, 12 months after hospitalization, the patient was treated with another sinus graft surgery without postoperative complications. The treatment of sinus infections caused by the graft surgery may require early and active intervention with antibiotics, graft removal, and antrostomy to prevent major complications.

Objective: The preoperative evaluation is essential to prevent postoperative surgical complications. The present study aimed to establish quantitative and qualitative profiles of systemic disorders and relate them to postoperative surgical complications in patients subjected to dental extraction Methods: Data were collected from the medical records of 992 patients subjected to dental extractions from 2010 to 2015 through a detailed analysis of anamnesis files. The data collected were tabulated and converted to percentages to facilitate the discussion and comparison with reports in the literature Results: From all the medical records analyzed, 559 presented systemic changes, which corresponds to 56.3%. Among them, there was a higher prevalence of patients with hypertension (24%), smoking habits (20%), and diabetes (11%). The most frequent complications were pain (34%), inflammation (19.8%), and hemorrhage (13.2%). The prevalence of diseases related to age shows patients under the age of 20 (4.7%), 20 to 29 (11.3%), 30 to 39 (16.8%), 40 to 44 (10%), 45 to 49 (10.9%), 50 to 54 (12.3%), 55 to 59 (12.9%), 60 to 64 (10.4%), 65 to 69 (4.8%), and older than 70 years old (5.9%). As for systemic changes with complications, hypertensive patients with complications (n=11) showed higher prevalence of pain (45.4%), the most common complication in smokers (n=15) was exacerbated inflammation (33.3%), and 50% of diabetic patients with complications (n=8) were diagnosed with alveolitis Conclusion: The method studied allowed concluding there was a relationship between postoperative complications and systemic changes, and the main ones were pain-hypertension, inflammation-smoking, and alveolitis-diabetes. RESUMO Objetivo: A avaliação pré-operatória é de fundamental importância para a prevenção das complicações cirúrgicas pós-operatórias. O objetivo do presente estudo foi estabelecer um perfil quantitativo e qualitativo das enfermidades sistêmicas e relaciona-las com complicações cirúrgicas pós-operatórias em pacientes submetidos exodontia. Métodos: Para isso foram coletados dados de 992 prontuários de paciente submetidos a exodontias no período de 2010 a 2015, por meio da análise minuciosa da ficha de anamnese. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e transformados em porcentagem, para facilitar a discussão e comparação com os relatos da literatura. Resultados: No total de prontuários analisados, 559 apresentaram alterações sistêmicas, o que corresponde a 56,3%. Dentre elas, houve uma maior prevalência de pacientes com hipertensão (24%), tabagismo (20%) e diabetes (11%). As complicações mais frequentes foram dor (34%), inflamação (19,8%) e hemorragia (13,2%). Considerando-se a prevalência de doenças relacionadas à idade, a faixa etária de menor de 20 anos (4.7%), 20 a 29 (11.3%), 30 a 39 (16.8%), 40 a 44 (10%), 45 a 49 (10.9%), 50 a 54 (12.3%), 55 a 59 (12.9%), 60 a 64 (10.4%), 65 a 69 (4.8%), e maiores de 70 anos (5.9%). Relacionando as alterações sistêmicas com as complicações, dentre os pacientes hipertensos que apresentaram complicações (n=11), a dor foi a mais prevalente (45,4%). Já nos fumantes (n=15) a complicação mais comum foi a inflamação exacerbada (33,3%). Nos diabéticos com presença de complicações (n=8), 50% foram diagnosticados com alveolite. Conclusão: Com base na metodologia estudada foi possível concluir que houve relação das complicações pós-operatórias e alterações sistêmicas, sendo as principais dor-hipertensão, inflamação-tabagismo e alveolite-diabetes.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:46:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-08-01 This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the bone thickness of the anterior maxillary region after reconstruction with autogenous bone blocks at 6 months and 5 years after surgery using computed tomography (CT) and to determine the implant survival rate. Eleven patients with a horizontal bone deficiency were treated with reconstructive procedures and implant placement. CT measurements were obtained before surgery (T0) and at 6 months (T1) and 5 years (T2) after surgery. The values were analysed statistically (analysis of variance and Tukey's test; P

Aim: This study aimed to report the clinical case of an immediate implant-supported rehabilitation in infected alveolar socket with buccal bone resorption and apical periodontitis in the teeth 42 and 43. Case Report: The patient was rehabilitated with implants associated with guided bone regeneration and immediate provisionalization. After 4 months, the custom molding was made in order to receive the metal-ceramic prosthesis. The follow-up lasted 24 months and there was no painful symptomatology, infection, implant mobility or marked peri-implant bone loss in this period. Conclusion: Therefore, the placement of immediate implants on fresh infected alveolar sockets is viable for the implant-supported rehabilitation.

This study aimed to assess the repair of surgically created bone defects filled with blood clot, autogenous bone, and calcium phosphate cement, by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. Ten adult male rabbits were used. Three bone defects were prepared with an 8-mm diameter trephine bur in the parietal region of each animal and filled with blood clot (Group BC), autogenous bone (Group AB), and calcium phosphate bone cement (Group CPC). The animals were euthanized at 40 and 90 postoperative days. The sections were subjected to histomorphometric analysis of the new bone formed inside the calvarial defects and immunohistochemical staining to determine the expression of osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin (OP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) proteins. Histomorphometric data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test at 5% significance level. In the results at 40 and 90 days, Group AB differed significantly from Group CPC regarding the area of newly formed bone. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed expression of OP, OC, and TRAP proteins in all groups. Group AB showed prevalence of OC and OP, and lower TRAP expression. Therefore, the calcium phosphate bone cement assessed in the present study did not accelerate the protein expression dynamics during bone healing, compared with the autogenous group.

Introdução: O tratamento com implantes e próteses implanto-suportadas tem sido amplamente utilizado em áreas edêntulas, aumentando assim o risco de acidentes e complicações. Dentre os acidentes em implantodontia destaca-se A migração de implantes e componentes para a orofarínge ocasionando em deglutição ou aspiração. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo, abordar acidentes relacionados à deglutição e aspiração, focando no tratamento e prevenção dos mesmos, por meio de uma revisão da literatura e relato de dois casos clínicos, ilustrando as intercorrências. Resultados: Os acidentes de deglutição e aspiração, apesar não frequentes, podem acontecer em qualquer tratamento odontológico, sendo de extrema importância o emprego de métodos preventivos. Em geral são assintomáticos e o diagnóstico por imagem se faz necessário para localização do objeto e definição de plano de tratamento. Conclusão: A deglutição é um acidente de fácil tratamento, pois geralmente com dieta rica em fibras o objeto pode ser expelido. Já no caso de aspiração, o paciente deve ser encaminhado a um centro de emergência e submetido a uma laringoscopia ou broncoscopia.Descritores: Deglutição; Sucção; Corpos Estranhos; Implantes Dentários.ReferênciasPinto AVS. Fatores de risco na terapêutica com implantes osseointegrados [dissertação]. Campinas: Universidade Castelo Branco; 2000.Lourenço SV, Morano-Júnior M, Daruge-Júnior E. Complicações cirúrgicas e protéticas em implantodontia. Rev Odonto Ciênc. 2007;22(58):352-58.Silva RF, Ferreira GM, Leles JLR, Iwaki-Filho L, Durege-Junior E. Passagem de corpos estranhos pela orofaringe durante tratamento odontológico: abordagem clínica e odontolegal. Rev Cir Traumatol Buco-Maxilo-Fac. 2009;9(3):55-62.Oncel M, Apiliogullari B, Cobankara FK, Apiliogullari S. Accidental swallowing of the head of a dental mirror: report of a rare case. J Dent Sci. 2012;7(2):199-202.Pull ter Gunne L, Wismeijer D. Accidental ingestion of an untethered instrument during implant surgery. Int J Prosthodont. 2014;27(3):277-78.Souza JG, Schuldt-Filho G, Pereira-Neto AR, Lyra HF Jr, Bianchini MA, Cardoso AC. Accident in implant dentistry: involuntary screwdriver ingestion during surgical procedure. A clinical report. J Prosthodont. 2012;21(3):191-93.Pingarrón Martín L, Morán Soto MJ, Sánchez Burgos R, Burgueño García M. Bronchial impaction of an implant screwdriver alter accidental aspiration: report a case and revision of the literature. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;14(1):43-7.Eroglu O, Algan-Kaya H, Coskun F. A potentially fatal complication that may occur during dental treatment: "foreign body aspiration". Pan Afr Med J. 2015;20:36.Silva RF, Prado FB, Portilho CDM, Silva RF, Daruge-Júnior E. Orientações clínicas e éticas em caso de deglutição de corpo estranho durante atendimento odontológico. RSBO. 2010;7(3):354-9.Coser S, Estrá T, Muraoka M, Martins LP, Brugnara E, Pinto JR, et al. Projeção e aspiração de corpos estranhos para as vias respiratórias e digestivas. UNOPAR Cient Ciênc Biol Saúde. 2000;2(1):113-21.Hodges ED, Durhan TM, Stanley RT. Management of aspiration and swallowing incidents: a review of the literature and report of cases. ASDC J Dent Child. 1992;59(6):413-19.Fields RT, Schow SR. Aspiration and ingestion of foreign bodies on oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review of the literature and report of five cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg.1998;56(9):1091-98.Haliloglu M, Ciftci AO, Oto A, Gumus B, Tanyel FC, Senocak ME et al. CT virtual bronchoscopy in the evaluation of children with suspected foreign body aspiration. Eur J Radiol. 2003;48(2):188-92.Sá-Lima JR, Raldi FV, Murilo-Santos L, Ferrer-Carneiro RG, Michida SM de A. Deglutição acidental de prótese parcial removível: relato de caso. Rev Int Cir Traumatol Bucomaxilofacial.2005;3(11/12):143-46.Huang HJ, Fang HY, Chen HC, Wu CY, Cheng CY, Chang CL. Three-dimensional computed tomography for detection of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children. Pediatr Surg Int. 2008;24(2):157-60.Costa JL. Complicações e fracassos na implantodontia [monografia]. Manaus: Instituto Brasiliense de Pós-Graduação; 2010.Ramalho-Ferreira G, Faverani LP, Gomes PCM, Assunção WG, Garcia-Júnior IR. Complicações na reabilitação bucal com implantes osseointegráveis. Rev Odontol Araçatuba. 2010;31:51-5.Kim A, Ahn KM. Endoscopic removal of an aspirated healing abutment and screwdriver under conscious sedation. Implant Dent. 2014;23(3):250-52.Deliberador TM, Marengo G, Scaratti R, Giovanini AF, Zielak JC, Baratto-Filho F. Accidental aspiration in a patient with Parkinson's disease during implant-supported prosthesis construction: a case report. Spec Care Dentist. 2011;31(5):156-61.

Dental implant fixation techniques are widely studied in order to reduce surgical morbidity. Computer-guided flapless surgery has been considered an efficient alternative that presents several advantages and some limitations. This technique allows the virtual planning and simulation of the prosthetic-surgical treatment that can help predict the difficulties and limitations in order to reduce possible errors. In addition to the prosthetic predictability, computer-guided surgery enhances accuracy and reduces surgical morbidity. Thus, the aim of this study was to report on a 7-year follow-up of immediately loaded implants inserted into an edentulous maxilla using virtual planning and flapless surgery.

Objetivo: Relatar o caso de extensa perda tecidual traumática do lábio por auto mordida após bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior para exodontia de terceiro molar inferior incluso. Detalhamentos de Caso: Paciente gênero feminino, 20 anos de idade, leucoderma, sem alterações sistêmicas e psicológicas, compareceu à clínica para extração do elemento dentário 48 incluso. A paciente foi submetida à anestesia pterigomandibular sem intercorrências. Após o procedimento a paciente foi para sua casa ainda com o lábio anestesiado e acabou dormindo. Ao acordar notou que estava com o rosto e com a blusa de sangue, e ao olhar no espelho observou que havia perdido parte do lábio inferior e que provavelmente teria mastigado e engolido uma vez que ainda estava sob efeito da anestesia. A paciente procurou o serviço do Hospital onde foi submetida a um procedimento de cirúrgico pela equipe de cirurgia bucomaxilofacial e cirurgia plástica sob anestesia geral. Considerações finais: é de suma importância a explicação do cirurgião sobre o pós-operatório das cirurgias, sobre os cuidados com a anestesia local, o tempo de efeito de duração droga e os efeitos que ela pode causar enquanto se aguarda metabolização completa da solução em questão.

A hiperplasia do processo coronoide é uma condiçãoincomum de etiologia desconhecida que se apresentaclinicamente por meio da limitação de abertura bucal enão possui sintomatologia dolorosa durante a aberturae o fechamento bucal. Objetivo: relatar e discutir, pormeio de um caso cirúrgico, o tratamento da limitaçãode abertura bucal causada por hiperplasia bilateral doprocesso coronoide. Relato de caso: paciente do sexofeminino, com 11 anos de idade, foi encaminhada paraatendimento devido à dificuldade de mastigação emfunção da limitação de abertura bucal, sem históricode trauma em face ou na região articular. O exame tomográficoevidenciou o alongamento bilateral do processocoronoide, fazendo com que ele colidisse com oarco zigomático durante a abertura bucal e causasse otravamento. O tratamento proposto foi a coronoidectomiabilateral com acesso cirúrgico intraoral, obtendono pós-cirúrgico imediato um ganho na abertura bucal.Considerações finais: a coronoidectomia é uma abordagemcirúrgica de fácil acesso por via intraoral, poucotraumática e eficaz no tratamento de pacientes com hiperplasiado processo coronoide. Palavras-chave: Coronoidectomia. Hiperplasia do processocoronoide. Limitação de abertura bucal.

A busca por novas técnicas cirúrgicas preservando a integridade dos tecidos periodontais associado à reabilitação com implantes dentários favorece a qualidade estética e funcional, garantindo assim a satisfação dos pacientes. O objetivo do trabalho foi demonstrar a reabilitação com implante imediato em alvéolo com infecção associado a provisionalização imediata e proservação de 36 meses após a reabilitação final. Paciente apresentou-se com elemento 24 com mobilidade grau III, defeitos ósseos ao redor do dente, drenagem purulenta e bolsa profunda à sondagem de (>7 mm). Foi utilizado o protocolo de regeneração óssea guiada (ROG) com o substituto ósseo para preenchimento do “gap” entre o implante e o osso alveolar, com o uso de tela de titânio para ganho ósseo vertical e horizontal e membranas autólogas de fibrina obtidas através do processo de centrifugação e preparo. Após o período de osseointegração, foram realizados procedimentos de moldagem personalizada para a reabilitação final com prótese metalocerâmica. No período de 36 meses de acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico não há sintomatologia dolorosa, infecção, mobilidade do implante e perda óssea peri-implantar acentuada. O paciente apresentou-se satisfeito com relação à estética e função protética.Descritores: Infecção; Implantes Dentários; Reabilitação Oral.

Objetivo: ilustrar, por meio de um caso clínico, os benefíciosdo tratamento da síndrome de apneia obstrutivade sono (Saos) por intermédio da cirurgia ortognáticabimaxilar, com o uso de biomateriais de reconstrução.Relato de caso: paciente encaminhado para avaliaçãode discrepância maxilomandibular em relação àbase do crânio e para avaliação de queixa de roncointenso durante a noite e intenso cansaço diurno. Apósavaliação e exames complementares, o paciente foidiagnosticado com apneia obstrutiva do sono; assim,foi realizada a cirurgia de avanço bimaxilar como terapêuticaresolutiva para o caso. Considerações finais:a Academia Americana de Medicina do Sono (AAMS)define Saos como uma doença que se caracteriza porepisódios repetitivos de obstrução total (apneia) ou parcial(hipopneia) das vias aéreas superiores durante osono. A cirurgia de avanço bimaxilar se apresenta comouma das melhores opções terapêuticas para os pacientescom essa síndrome. A cirurgia ortognática, incluindoseus diversos procedimentos, provoca importantesmudanças nas diferentes zonas das vias aéreas faríngeas.A cirurgia ortognática de avanço bimaxilar commentoplastia de avanço foi eficaz, em longo prazo, notratamento da Saos, e o uso simultâneo de biomateriaisde substituição óssea aumenta a estabilidade óssea primária,acelera o processo de reparo ósseo e diminui amorbidade pós-operatória. Palavras-chave: Apneia obstrutiva do sono. Avançomaxilar. Cirurgia ortognática.

Ameloblastoma is a rare tumor that affects the maxillomandibular region. Surgical resection is often indicated, and oral rehabilitation becomes a challenge. This study aims to report on the mandibular rehabilitation with implant supported prosthesis using immediate loading with subsequent resection. A patient with a confirmed diagnosis of multicystic ameloblastoma in the left jaw underwent a partial resection of the mandible and a reconstruction with a titanium plate. After 2 years of follow-up with clinical examinations and imaging testing and with no signs of recurrence, the patient underwent the technique of immediate load implants, rehabilitating the mandible with an implant supported fixed prosthesis and the maxilla with a conventional complete denture. During the seven years of follow-up with the patient, there was no sign of recurrence of ameloblastoma. The rehabilitation with oral implants under immediate loading demonstrated to be successful, and the cemented cylinder technique used in this study coupled with passivity showed a favorable prognosis for the longevity of implants.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of 15 % propolis and 2 % acidulated-phosphate sodium fluoride solutions on the root surface-adhered necrotic cemental periodontal ligament in delayed tooth replantation. Thirty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) had their right upper incisor extracted and maintained in dry storage for 60 min. After this period, the dental papilla, enamel organ, and pulp tissue were removed, and the animals were randomly assigned to three groups: group I = immersion in saline for 10 min; group II = immersion in a 2 % acidulated-phosphate sodium fluoride solution for 10 min; and group III = immersion in a 15 % propolis and propylene glycol solution for 10 min. The root canals were filled with a calcium hydroxide paste and the teeth were replanted. Inflammatory resorption, replacement resorption, and ankylosis were observed in all groups without a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) among them. Under the tested conditions, the application of fluoride or propolis on root surface-adhered necrotic periodontal ligament did not favor the healing process in delayed tooth replantation.

Purpose This study aimed to describe the clinical case of implant placement in the nasopalatine canal as an aid for atrophic maxilla rehabilitation. Case report The surgical procedure was carried out in 2 stages, the first part consisted of a surgery to lift the maxillary sinus membrane associated with the xenogeneic bone placement and the second part consisted of the surgery for the implants placement, both under local anesthesia. A number of seven osseointegrated implants were placed in the maxilla, one was anchored in the nasopalatine canal region after having its neurovascular content emptied by means of the use of drill threads of the implant system. After 5 months, the implant reopening was carried out, followed by the molding, manufacturing and placement of the protocol-type prosthesis. The case has a 4-year follow-up without any painful symptomatology. Conclusion The implant placed in the nasopalatine canal region is a viable option to assist in the rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses in atrophic maxilla.

As life expectancy increases, a larger number of elderly people require dental health care attention for implant-supported rehabilitation, with the aim of restoring the function and aesthetics of the oral cavity. Most of these patients have lost their teeth long time ago, causing a severe bone resorption and maxillary sinus pneumatization. Therefore, the current study aims to demonstrate, through the description of the clinical case, the treatment with zygomatic implants as an option for treating severely atrophic maxillas. In this clinical study, the patient presented, in the clinical and image evaluation, severe alveolar bone atrophy, with height and thickness loss, in addition to a high-level pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, bilaterally. The classical zygomatic fixation technique was suggested, with 2 anterior conventional implants and 2 zygomatic implants in the posterior region with the placement of implant-supported prosthesis with immediate loading. The patient was monitored for 7 years and did not present pain complaints, absence of infection, or implant loss. Based on this clinical case study, it was concluded that the zygomatic implants are satisfactory options to aid the implant-supported rehabilitation of atrophic maxillas.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the volumetric stability of deproteinized bovine bone after sinus augmentation, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three-dimensional (3D) analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a specific selection tool and 3D reconstruction from InVesalius 3.0, volumetric analysis of CBCT scans was performed in patients undergoing a sinus elevation technique in critical defects, using deproteinized bovine bone. The first scan was performed immediately after graft surgery (T1), and the second was performed 8 months after graft surgery (T2). RESULTS A total of 13 patients met the inclusion criteria of this retrospective study; 26 postoperative CBCT scans were analyzed for these patients. All patients exhibited an increase in bone volume (9.10%). The mean bone volume increase from T1 to T2 was 0.137 cm(3) (SD: ± 0.104 cm(3)). There was a statistically significant correlation between bone volume and time (P < .0001). The mean bone volume was 1.506 cm(3) (SD: ± 0.473 cm(3)) for T1 and 1.644 cm(3) (SD: ± 0.506 cm(3)) for T2. CONCLUSION Within the limited sample, the study demonstrated an increase in graft volume after sinus elevation with deproteinized bovine bone in critical defects.

Purpose We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of bone substitutes in circumferential peri-implant defects created in the rabbit tibia. Methods Thirty rabbits received 45 implants in their left and right tibia. A circumferential bone defect (6.1 mm in diameter/4 mm depth) was created in each rabbit tibia using a trephine bur. A dental implant (4.1 mm × 8.5 mm) was installed after the creation of the defect, providing a 2-mm gap. The bone defect gaps between the implant and the bone were randomly filled according to the following groups: blood clot (CO), particulate Bio-Oss® (BI), and Bio-Oss® Collagen (BC). Ten animals were euthanized after periods of 15, 30, and 60 days. Biomechanical analysis by means of the removal torque of the implants, as well as histologic and immunohistochemical analyses for protein expression of osteocalcin (OC), Runx2, OPG, RANKL, and TRAP were evaluated. Results For biomechanics, BC showed a better biological response (61.00±15.28 Ncm) than CO (31.60±14.38 Ncm) at 30 days. Immunohistochemical analysis showed significantly different OC expression in CO and BC at 15 days, and also between the CO and BI groups, and between the CO and BC groups at 60 days. After 15 days, Runx2 expression was significantly different in the BI group compared to the CO and BC groups. RANKL expression was significantly different in the BI and CO groups and between the BI and BC groups at 15 days, and also between the BI and CO groups at 60 days. OPG expression was significantly higher at 60 days postoperatively in the BI group than the CO group. Conclusions Collectively, our data indicate that, compared to CO and BI, BC offered better bone healing, which was characterized by greater RUNX2, OC, and OPG immunolabeling, and required greater reversal torque for implant removal. Indeed, along with BI, BC presents promising biomechanical and biological properties supporting its possible use in osteoconductive grafts for filling peri-implant gaps., Graphical Abstract

Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Sch Dent Aracatuba, Dept Surg & Integrated Clin, Aracatuba, Brazil

UNESP Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Surg & Integrated Clin, Sch Dent Aracatuba, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:45:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S2176-94512010000400016.pdf: 253940 bytes, checksum: f2eee7c62b0692c9074cbf7f4855de31 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:45:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S2176-94512010000400016.pdf: 253940 bytes, checksum: f2eee7c62b0692c9074cbf7f4855de31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:29:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S2176-94512010000400016.pdf: 253940 bytes, checksum: f2eee7c62b0692c9074cbf7f4855de31 (MD5) S2176-94512010000400016.pdf.txt: 22482 bytes, checksum: 69888d7f60c5eaef71e3de7546c73785 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:43:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S2176-94512010000400016.pdf: 253940 bytes, checksum: f2eee7c62b0692c9074cbf7f4855de31 (MD5) S2176-94512010000400016.pdf.txt: 22482 bytes, checksum: 69888d7f60c5eaef71e3de7546c73785 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:43:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S2176-94512010000400016.pdf: 253940 bytes, checksum: f2eee7c62b0692c9074cbf7f4855de31 (MD5) S2176-94512010000400016.pdf.txt: 22482 bytes, checksum: 69888d7f60c5eaef71e3de7546c73785 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-01 OBJETIVO: a proposta desse trabalho foi analisar a fidelidade dos traçados predictivos realizados para cirurgias ortognáticas, por meio de análise cefalométrica do pré e pós-operatório de sete dias, em pacientes submetidos à correção de deformidade mandibular. MÉTODOS: foram utilizadas telerradiografias cefalométricas de perfil de 17 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática de mandíbula. Foram realizados traçados cefalométricos do pré e do pós-operatório de 7 dias com marcação dos pontos côndilo (Co), pogônio (Pog), goníaco (Go), mento (Me), ponto B (B) e incisivo (I). A análise foi baseada na diferença obtida pela sobreposição dos traçados pré-operatório, predictivo e pós-operatório. Os pontos foram projetados em um plano cartesiano para medição das suas distâncias em milímetros. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística por meio do teste t de Student pareado (± = 0,05). RESULTADOS: no eixo horizontal, foi observada diferença média, entre a mudança planejada e a obtida nos traçados cefalométricos pós-operatórios, estatisticamente significativa nos pontos Pog (p = 0,014) e I (p = 0,008). No eixo vertical, não verificou-se diferença estatística significativa para os pontos cefalométricos marcados (p > 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: o traçado predictivo contribuiu para a avaliação pré-operatória do paciente e, consequentemente, para a otimização do tratamento. Entretanto, ele não se mostrou totalmente fiel nos casos analisados, com leve subestimação das alterações esqueléticas horizontais. Essas alterações devem ser consideradas no planejamento e acompanhamento pós-operatório dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática em mandíbula. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of cephalometric prediction tracings-performed for orthognathic surgery-by means of the cephalometric analysis of preoperative and seven-day postoperative tracings, in patients subjected to correction of mandibular deformities. METHODS: The lateral cephalograms of 17 patients who had been submitted to mandibular orthognathic surgery, three years earlier, were used. Cephalometric tracings were performed in the preoperative and seven-day postoperative periods and the following landmarks were traced: condyle (Co), pogonion (Pog), gonial (Go), menton (Me), B (B) and incisor (I). The analysis was based on the difference obtained by superimposing preoperative, prediction and postoperative tracings. The landmarks were projected onto a Cartesian plane for measuring distances between points in millimeters. The data were statistically analyzed using the paired Student t test (a = 0.05). RESULTS: A statistically significant mean difference was observed between the planned change and the change effectively achieved in the postoperative cephalometric tracings for points Pog (p = 0.014) and I (p = 0.008) on the horizontal axis. No statistically significant difference was found for the aforementioned cephalometric points on the vertical axis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cephalometric prediction tracings contributed to the preoperative evaluation of the patients and consequently to treatment optimization. However, they was not entirely reliable in these cases due to a slight underestimation of horizontal skeletal changes. These changes should be considered in planning and postoperative follow-up of patients subjected to orthognathic surgery in the mandible. Centro Universitário de Araraquara UNESP Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada da Disciplina de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial UNESP Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia da Disciplina de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial UNESP Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada da Disciplina de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial UNESP Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia da Disciplina de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial

Dental trauma is more common in young patients and its sequelae may impair the establishment and accomplishment of an adequate treatment plan. This paper reports a case of complicated crown-root fracture in a young adult that was treated using adhesive tooth fragment reattachment and orthodontic root extrusion. Considering the time elapsed to follow up, the fracture extension, the amount of remaining root portion and the patient's low socioeconomic status, the treatment approach proposed for this case provided good functional and aesthetic outcomes. Clinical and radiographic results after 2 years were successful. This case report demonstrates the importance of establishing a multidisciplinary approach for a successful dental trauma management.

Replantation is an acceptable option for treatment of an avulsed permanent tooth. Nevertheless, an extended extraoral period damages the periodontal ligament and results in external root resorption. The purpose of this study was to assess by histologic and histometric analysis, the influence of propolis 15% (natural resinous substance collected by Apis mellifera bees from various plants) and the fluoride solution used as root surface treatment on the healing process after delayed tooth replantation. Thirty Wistar (Rattus norvegicus albinus) rats were submitted to extraction of their upper right incisor. The teeth were maintained in a dry environment for 60 min. After this, the pulp was extirpated and the papilla, enamel organ and periodontal ligament were removed with scalpel. The teeth were divided into three experimental groups: Group I - teeth immersed in 20 ml of physiologic saline; Group II - teeth immersed in 20 ml of 2% acidulated phosphate sodium fluoride; Group III - teeth immersed in 20 ml of 15% propolis. After 10 min of immersion in the solutions, the root canals were dried and filled with calcium hydroxide paste and the teeth were replanted. The animals were euthanized 60 days after replantation. The results showed that similar external root resorption was seen in the propolis and fluoride groups. Teeth treated with physiologic saline tended to have more inflammatory root resorption compared with those treated with fluoride or propolis. However, the comparative analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between the treatment modalities when used for delayed tooth replantation.

The major concern in the therapeutics of tooth replantation refers to the occurrence of root resorption and different approaches have been proposed to prevent or treat these complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate tissue response to delayed replantation of anterior rat teeth treated endodontically using calcium hydroxide, Sealapex, and Endofill without the placement of gutta-percha cones. Thirty rats had their right upper incisor extracted and maintained in dry storage for 60 min. After removal of the dental papilla, enamel organ, pulp tissue, and periodontal ligament remnants, the teeth were immersed in 2% sodium fluoride phosphate acidulated, pH 5.5, for 10 min. The root canals were dried with absorbent paper points and the teeth were assigned to three groups (n = 10) according to the filling material. Group I - calcium hydroxide and propyleneglycol paste, Group II - Sealapex, and Group III - Endofill. The sockets were irrigated with saline and the teeth were replanted. Replacement resorption, inflammatory resorption and ankylosis were observed in all groups. Although the occurrence of inflammatory resorption was less frequent in Group I, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups. It may be concluded that compared to the paste, filling the root canals with Sealapex and Endofill sealers without the placement of gutta-percha cones did not provide better results.

Background: The paradental cyst is an odontogenic lesion of inflammatory origin that has few clinical signs and symptoms apart from recurring acute episodes. A well-defined radiolucency associated with the roots or distal to the crown may be seen radiographically. The purpose of this article is to report on different aspects of two cases involving paradental cysts. In the first case, the patient complained about recurring pericoronitis. A semilunar-shaped radiolucency on the distal aspect of the mandibular third molar was noted on the periapical radiograph. In the second case, the patient's main complaint was chronic trauma of the overlying mucosa. Radiographs revealed an enlarged pericoronal space. Methods: In both cases, the mandibular third molar was extracted due to a lack of space. Lesional samples were sent for histopathologic analysis. Results: In the first case, the drainage of cystic fluid and a regular concavity were found during tooth removal. In the second case, a nodular lesion was found adhering to the disto-buccal surface of the tooth arising from the distal wall of a periodontal pocket. The histopathologic analysis revealed a hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium with arcading lining a fibrous capsule with inflammatory infiltrate, resulting in a final diagnosis of a paradental cyst. Conclusions: The presence of a paradental cyst should be considered when recurrent inflammatory periodontal processes are associated with partially erupted vital teeth, even when characteristic radiographic findings are absent. Definitive diagnosis requires a clinicopathologic correlation incorporating surgical, radiographic, and histologic findings.

Traumatic injuries treatment of the fronto-naso-orbito-ethmoidal region has been one of the most challenging treatments within maxillofacial surgery, particularly of extensive orbital defects, very common in this type of pathologic condition. A 48-year-old man involved in a car collision presented an extensive bilateral fracture of the orbit medial wall, nasal bones, the nasal septum, and the frontal anterior table. The clinical and tomographic findings concluded the diagnosis of a maxilla and fronto-naso-orbito-ethmoidal fracture. Among the variety of biomaterials, the titanium mesh was elected because of the extension and magnitude of the bone defect, obtaining this way esthetic and functional results with better prognosis.

This article reports the 20-month clinical outcome of the use of 4 zygomatic implants with immediate occlusal loading and reverse planning for the retreatment of atrophic edentulous maxilla after failed rehabilitation with autogenous bone graft reconstruction and maxillary implants. The intraoral clinical examination revealed mispositioned and loosened implants underneath a maxillary complete denture. The panoramic radiograph showed 6 maxillary implants. One implant was displaced into the right maxillary sinus, and the implant anchored in the region of tooth 21 was fractured. The other implants presented peri-implant bone loss. The implants anchored in the regions of teeth 21 to 23 and 11 to 13 were first removed. After 2 months, the reverse planning started with placement of 4 zygomatic fixtures, removal of the implants migrated into the sinus cavity and anchored in the region of tooth 17, and installation of a fixed denture. After 20 months of follow-up, no painful symptoms, peri-implant inflammation or infection, implant instability, or bone resorption was observed. The outcomes of this case confirm that the zygoma can offer a predictable anchorage and support function for a fixed denture in severely resorbed maxillae.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-28T16:56:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-28T17:02:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ISSN1687-8787-2013-2013-01-07.pdf: 2148130 bytes, checksum: a09d26c1200cf57165681c5731700981 (MD5) Placement of implants in fresh sockets is an alternative to try to reduce physiological resorption of alveolar ridge after tooth extraction. This surgery can be used to preserve the bone architecture and also accelerate the restorative procedure. However, the diastasis observed between bone and implant may influence osseointegration. So, autogenous bone graft and/or biomaterials have been used to fill this gap. Considering the importance of bone repair for treatment with implants placed immediately after tooth extraction, this study aimed to present a literature review about biomaterials surrounding immediate dental implants. The search included 56 articles published from 1969 to 2012. The results were based on data analysis and discussion. It was observed that implant fixation immediately after extraction is a reliable alternative to reduce the treatment length of prosthetic restoration. In general, the biomaterial should be used to increase bone/implant contact and enhance osseointegration. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, CEP 16011050, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, CEP 16011050, SP, Brasil

This study assessed the occurrence and characteristics of oral and maxillofacial infections in patients treated at a Brazilian oral and maxillofacial emergency service during a 7-year period. The clinical files of all patients treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Brazil, between 2002 and 2008 were reviewed. From a population of 3645 patients treated in this period, the study sample consisted of 93 subjects who presented odontogenic infections. Data referring to the patients' sex, age, medical history, and the etiology, diagnosis, complications, drug therapy/treatment, and evolution of the pathologic diseases were collected and analyzed using the Epi Info 2000 software. Of these patients, 54 were men (58.1%) and 39 were women (41.9%). Most patients were in the 31- to 40-year-old (20.7%) and 21- to 30-year-old (19.6%) age groups. The most frequent etiology was pulp necrosis due to caries (80.6%). Regarding the treatment, antibiotics were administered to all patients, surgical drainage was done in 75 patients (82.4%), and 44 patients (47.3%) needed hospital admission. First-generation cephalosporin alone or combined with other drugs was the most prescribed antibiotic (n = 26) followed by penicillin G (n = 25). Most patients (n = 85, 91.4%) responded well to the treatment. Five cases had complications: 3 patients needed hospital readmission, 1 case progressed to descending mediastinitis, and 1 patient died. Odontogenic infections can be life-threatening and require hospital admission for adequate patient care. Complications from odontogenic infections, although rare, may be fatal if not properly managed.

Success of tooth replantation is limited because part of the replanted tooth is lost because of progressive root resorption. This study used histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the healing process of rat teeth replanted after different extra-oral periods, simulating immediate and delayed replantation. Sixty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) had their maxillary right incisors extracted and randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10): C4, C30 and C45, in which the teeth were replanted 4 min (immediate), 30 min (delayed) and 45 min (delayed) after extraction, respectively, and L4, L30 and L45, in which the teeth were replanted after the same extra-alveolar times, but the root surfaces and the alveolar wounds were irradiated with a gallium-aluminum-arsenate (GaAlAs) diode laser before replantation. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days. The anatomic pieces containing the replanted teeth were obtained and processed for either histomorphometrical analysis under optical microscopy or immunohistochemical expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa-B (RANK), and its ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) proteins. Areas of external replacement and inflammatory root resorption were observed in all groups, without statistically significant differences (P0.05). Ankylosis was more frequent in L30 than in C30 (P0.05). RANKL immunostaining predominated over RANK and OPG immunostaining in both groups with immediate tooth replantation (P0.05). For the 45-min extra-alveolar time, however, there was greater evidence of RANK immunostaining compared to RANKL for both control and laser-treated groups (P0.05). Positive TRAP immunostaining predominated in L4 and L30 (P0.05). In conclusion, under the tested conditions, the treatment of the root surface and the alveolar wound with LLLT did not improve the healing process after immediate and delayed tooth replantation in rats.

The von Willebrand disease (vWD) is a hereditary coagulopathy. There is no gender predilection. Clinically characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding, especially nose bleeding, menorrhagia and bleeding after trauma. This article reports a case of a 52-year-old Caucasian male patient with vWD, who presented with extensive bleeding in the tongue after a lacerating injury caused by accidental biting, and describes some clinical, pathological and treatment aspects of vWD. After repeated attempts to suture the wound and replace clotting factors, a decision was made to perform the ligature of the external carotid artery ipsilateral to the injury. There was favorable resolution of the case, with a good aspect of the scar 2 months after ligation. This case reinforces that it is extremely important to make a thorough review of medical history of all patients, searching for possible bleeding disorders or previous family history. A doença de von Willebrand (DvW) é uma coagulopatia hereditária. Não há predileção por sexo. Clinicamente caracteriza-se por hemorragias mucocutâneas, sobretudo nasais, menorragias e hemorragias pós-trauma. Este artigo relata um caso clínico de DvW em paciente de 52 anos de idade, leucoderma, do sexo masculino, que apresentou extensa hemorragia em bordo lateral de língua após ferimento lacerante, além de descrever alguns aspectos clínicos, patológicos e terapêuticos da DvW. Após repetidas tentativas de sutura do ferimento e reposição dos fatores de coagulação, optou-se pela ligadura da artéria carótida externa ipsilateral ao ferimento, com resolução favorável do caso, notando-se bom aspecto cicatricial 2 meses após a ligadura. Este caso reforça que é de extrema importância a realização de anamnese criteriosa, buscando-se identificar possíveis distúrbios hemorrágicos prévios ou antecedentes familiares.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of the combination of polylactic/polyglycolic acid around implants installed with and without primary stability through the histometric analysis of bone-implant interface. We used male rabbits, each of which received 2 titanium implants in each tibial metaphysis. The animals were divided into 4 groups: control with primary stability (CPS), control without primary stability (C), polymer with primary stability (PPS), and polymer without primary stability (P). Euthanasia was performed at postoperative days 40 and 90. The pieces were embedded in resin, sectioned, scraped, and stained with alizarin red and Stevenel blue. Histometric analysis evaluated the linear extension of contact between the bone and implant surface on the implant collar (CIC) and contact between the bone and implant surface on the first thread (CFT). Also evaluated was the area of newly formed bone (ANB) in the first thread. The results showed that there was new bone formation in all groups and during all periods. At 40 days, the ANB was higher in the PPS group than in the P group (P < .001); the CFT was statistically higher in the CPS group than the PPS group (P < .001) and was higher in the CPS group than the C group (P < .001). At 40 and 90 days, the CIC was higher in the P group than in the C group (P < .001). In conclusion, the copolymer had biocompatibility, enhanced bone healing, and presented osteoconductive properties, thus raising the contact between bone and implant, even without primary stability.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:21:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gulinelli_jl_dr_araca.pdf: 1176357 bytes, checksum: 20c724a168a2bc08f8f0a051ec571d3f (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) O tratamento endodôntico é um passo importante no tratamento do reimplante dentário e o momento da obturação definitiva do canal radicular ainda não está bem estabelecido. A proposta deste trabalho é avaliar o processo de reparo no reimplante imediato de dentes de macaco após o emprego de curativo de demora de hidróxido de cálcio [Ca(OH)2] por 30 e 180 dias seguido da obturação definitiva com cimento à base de Ca(OH)2 (Sealapex®) por meio de análise histomorfométrica. Os incisivos laterais superiores e inferiores de quatro macacas Cebus Apella foram extraídos, mantidos em soro fisiológico por 15 minutos, reimplantados e contidos com resina composta e fio de aço por 10 dias. No Grupo I, 10 dias após o reimplante, iniciou-se a terapia endodôntica, colocação do curativo de hidróxido de cálcio que foi mantido por 30 dias e a obturação do canal radicular foi finalizada aos 40 dias após o reimplante dentário. No Grupo II, o curativo de Ca(OH)2 permaneceu por 180 dias com uma troca aos 90 dias antes da obturação definitiva dos canais radiculares. A eutanásia dos animais foi realizada após nove meses do reimplante dentário. Em todos os grupos, a reinserção epitelial localizou-se na junção cemento-esmalte ou muito próxima a ela, o ligamento periodontal se apresentou organizado e as reabsorções radiculares de superfície eram de pequena extensão e profundidade reparadas por cemento neoformado. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa quanto à reabsorção radicular entre os grupos. No reimplante imediato a obturação definitiva do canal radicular pode ser realizada aos 30 dias não necessitando de longo período de curativo de Ca(OH)2. The endodontic treatment is important for treatment of tooth reimplantation but the period for definitive root canal filling is not still established. The aim of this study is to evaluate the healing process of immediate reimplantation of monkey teeth after calcium hydroxide curative [Ca(OH)2] for 30 and 180 days followed by definitive obturation with Ca(OH)2 cement (Sealapex®) through histomorphometric analysis. The superior and inferior lateral incisors of four female monkeys Cebus Apella were extracted, stored in saline for 15 minutes, reimplanted, and splinted with composite resin and steel wire during 10 days. In the Group I, the endodontic treatment began 10 days after tooth reimplantation with calcium hydroxide curative for 30 days and root canal filling at 40 days after reimplantation. In the Group II, the Ca(OH)2 curative remained during 180 days with a change to the 90 days before root canal filling. The euthanasia of the animals was carried out after 9 months of tooth reimplantation. All groups exhibited epithelial reinsertion at the cementoenamel junction or near, organized periodontal ligament and root surface resorptions with minor extension and depth that were repaired by neoformed cement. There was no statistically significant difference for root resorption among the groups. The root canal filling can be performed earlier without a long period of Ca(OH)2 curative for immediate reimplantation.

This article reports the 9-year clinical outcome of the two-stage surgical rehabilitation of a severely atrophic edentulous maxilla with a metal-resin fixed denture supported by implants anchored in the zygomatic bone and the maxilla. After clinical and radiographic examination, zygomatic implants were inserted bilaterally and four standard implants were placed in the anterior region of the maxilla. Six months later, the implants were loaded with a provisional acrylic resin denture, and the definitive implant-supported metal-resin fixed denture was provided 1 year after implant placement. After 9 years of follow-up, no painful symptoms, peri-implant inflammation or infection, implant instability, or bone resorption was observed. In the present case, the rehabilitation of severe maxillary atrophy using the zygomatic bone as a site for implant anchorage provided good long-term functional and esthetic results. Therefore, with proper case selection, correct indication, and knowledge of the surgical technique, the use of zygomatic implants associated with standard implants offers advantages in the rehabilitation of severely resorbed maxillae, especially in areas with inadequate bone quality and volume, without needing an additional bone grafting surgery, thereby shortening or avoiding hospital stay and reducing surgical morbidity.

We report the simultaneous rehabilitation of an edentulous patient with a hybrid (zygomatic and conventional implants) all-on-four implant-supported prosthesis for the maxilla and a standard (conventional implants) all-on-four implant-supported prosthesis for the mandible. The transfer impression was made with a multifunctional guide and the upper and lower prostheses were placed 24 h postoperatively. Clinical and radiographic examinations showed no infection or bony resorption 2 years later. Simultaneous maxillary and mandibular rehabilitation with all-on-four immediate loading is a viable, fast and effective option for edentulous patients.

Dental trauma has been considered as a public health problem that affects mainly children and youngsters and due to its impact on the patient's quality of life. This study presents the results of a 6-year survey of the occurrence and characteristics of dental trauma in patients admitted to the Service of Surgery and Oral and Maxillofacial Traumatology of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba (UNESP, Brazil) after emergency care in hospital facilities in the region of Araçatuba, SP, Brazil. For such purpose, the clinical files of patients treated at the Service between 1999 and 2005 were reviewed. Information regarding gender, age, number of traumatized teeth, etiology and diagnosis of the trauma was collected from the files of patients with tooth injuries and recorded in case report forms specifically designed for this purpose. The results showed that from a total of 4112 patients admitted to the Service within the surveyed period, 266 (6.5%) had tooth injuries (172 males - 64.7%; 94 females - 35.3%). The total number of traumatized teeth was 496. Most patients belonged to the 16-20 year-old age group (20.3%) and the most frequent causes of tooth injuries were bicycle accidents (28.6%), motorcycle accidents (19.2%) and falls (18.8%). Injuries to the periodontal tissues were the most frequent type of tooth injuries (408 teeth; 82.26%), occurring in 118 primary and 290 permanent teeth. Among the injuries to the periodontal tissues, avulsion was the most common (32.86%) (29.41% for primary and 34.0% for permanent teeth), followed by extrusive luxation (19.15%) (25.21% for primary and 17.24% for permanent teeth). In conclusion, in the surveyed population, cases of tooth injuries were more frequent in males aged 16-20 years old due to cyclist accidents with predominance of injuries to the periodontal tissues, in particular, avulsions.

The time elapsed between a trauma and tooth replantation usually ranges from 1 to 4 h. The chances of root surface damage are higher when tooth replantation is not performed immediately or if the avulsed tooth is not stored in an adequate medium. This invariably leads to necrosis of pulp tissue, periodontal ligament cells and cementum, thus increasing the possibility of root resorption, which is the main cause of loss of replanted teeth. This paper presents a comprehensive review of literature on root surface treatments performed in cases of delayed tooth replantation with necrotic cemental periodontal ligament. Journal articles retrieved from PubMed/MedLine, Bireme and Scielo databases were reviewed. It was observed that, when there are no periodontal ligament remnants and contamination is under control, replacement resorption and ankylosis are the best results and that, although these events will end up leading to tooth loss, this will happen slowly with no loss of the alveolar ridge height, which is important for future prosthesis planning.