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Revision of the genus Glenopteris Hübner, 1821, with the description of two new species (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae). The genus Glenopteris Hübner, 1821, is revised and two new species are described: G. hampsoni n. sp. from French Guiana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru and Brazil, and G. medinae n. sp. from Peru, Brazil and Paraguay. Neotypes are designated for G. oculifera Hübner, 1821, and G. herbidalis Guenée, 1854. Habitus and genitalia of the five species of the genus are figured and compared with those of the closest taxa. An identification key is proposed.

International audience; In water, transparency seems an ideal concealment strategy, as testified by the variety of transparent aquatic organisms. By contrast, transparency is nearly absent on land, with the exception of insect wings, and knowledge is scarce about its functions and evolution, with fragmentary studies and no comparative perspective. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) represent an outstanding group to investigate transparency on land, as species typically harbor opaque wings covered with colored scales, a key multifunctional innovation. Yet, many Lepidoptera species have evolved partially or fully transparent wings. At the interface between physics and biology, the present study investigates wing transparency in 123 Lepidoptera species (from 31 families) for its structural basis, optical properties, and biological relevance in relation to visual detection (concealment), thermoregulation, and protection against UV. Our results suggest that transparency has likely evolved multiple times independently. Efficiency at transmitting light is largely determined by clearwing microstructure (scale shape, insertion, coloration, dimensions, and density) and macrostructure (clearwing area, species size, or wing area). Microstructural traits, scale density and dimensions, are tightly linked in their evolution, with different constraints according to scale shape, insertion, and coloration. Transparency appears highly relevant for concealment, with size-dependent variations. Links between transparency and latitude are consistent with an ecological relevance of transparency in thermoregulation, and not so for protection against UV radiation. Altogether, our results shed new light on the physical and ecological processes driving the evolution of transparency on land and underline that transparency is a more complex coloration strategy than previously thought.

International audience; The genus Acrapex Hampson, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina) constitutes a speciose group of noctuid stemborers mostly distributed in the Afrotropics. In this study nine new Acrapex species are described: Acrapex abyssinica n. sp., Acrapex dabaga n. sp., Acrapex jansei n. sp., Acrapex kifanya n. sp., Acrapex lusinga n. sp., Acrapex ngwenya n. sp., Acrapex njombea n. sp., Acrapex vetiveria n. sp. and Acrapex zima n. sp. All species are assigned to the A. albivena group with the exception of A. lusinga which is assigned to the A. stygiata group. We also provide supplemental descriptions for two previously described species of the A. albivena group, A. punctosa Berio, 1973 and A. sysciodes Berio, 1973, and for one species belonging to the A. stygiata group: A. brunneella Le Ru, 2014. Host plants of three species are recorded; A. brunneella and Acrapex jansei were reared on Cymbopogon pospischilii (K.Schum.) C.E.Hubb and A. vetiveria on Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.). We also conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses (using both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood) on a multi-marker (four mitochondrial and two nuclear genes) molecular dataset encompassing 138 specimens (including 98 specimens from the A. albivena group and 23 specimens from the A. stygiata group) from 48 stemborer species. The results of the corresponding analyses support the monophyly of the two groups of interest and the species status of all newly described taxa, except for A. lusinga that was not sequenced. The phylogenetic analyses also unravel several evolutionary lineages whose precise status is pending because their DNA was extracted from larval stages.; Actualisation des connaissances de la phylogénie et de la systématique des groupes d’espèces Acrapex albivena Hampson, 1910 et A. stygiata (Hampson, 1910) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina), avec la description de neuf nouvelles espèces de la région Afrotropicale. Le genre Acrapex Hampson, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina) est un groupe diversifié de noctuelles foreuses, majoritairement distribué dans la région Afrotropicale. Dans cette étude neuf espèces nouvelles sont décrites : Acrapex abyssinica n. sp., Acrapex dabaga n. sp., Acrapex jansei n. sp., Acrapex kifanya n. sp., A. lusinga n. sp., Acrapex ngwenya n. sp., Acrapex njombea n. sp., Acrapex vetiveria n. sp. et Acrapex zima n. sp. Toutes ces espèces sont assignées au groupe d’espèce A. albivena à l’exception d’A. lusinga qui est assignée au groupe d’espèce A. stygiata. Nous fournissons également des descriptions supplémentaires pour deux espèces, A. punctosa Berio, 1973 et A. sysciodes, Berio 1973, précedemment décrites dans le groupe A. albivena ainsi que pour A. brunneella Le Ru, 2014, une espèce qui appartient au groupe A. stygiata. Les plantes-hôtes de trois espèces sont répertoriées ; Acrapex brunneella et A. jansei ont été élevées sur Cymbopogon pospischilii (K. Schum.) C. E. Hubb et A. vetiveria sur Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.). Nous avons également réalisé des analyses de reconstruction phylogénétique (utilisant à la fois l’inférence Bayésienne et le maximum de vraisemblance) sur un jeu de données moléculaires multi-marqueurs (quatre gènes mitochondriaux et deux gènes nucléaires) comprenant 138 specimens (incluant 98 specimens du groupe A. albivena et 23 specimens du groupe A. stygiata) de 48 espèces de foreurs. Les résultats de ces analyses soutiennent à la fois l’hypothèse de monophylie des deux groupes d’intérêt et le statut d’espèces des taxa nouvellement décris, à l’exception d’A. lusinga qui n’a pas été séquencé. Les analyses phylogénétiques révèlent également l’existence de plusieurs lignées évolutives distinctes dont le statut reste à définir car leur ADN a été extrait de stades larvaires

In water, transparency seems an ideal concealment strategy, as testified by the variety of transparent aquatic organisms. By contrast, transparency is nearly absent on land, with the exception of insect wings, and knowledge is scarce about its functions and evolution, with fragmentary studies and no comparative perspective. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) represent an outstanding group to investigate transparency on land, as species typically harbour opaque wings covered with coloured scales, a key multifunctional innovation. Yet, many Lepidoptera species have evolved partially or fully transparent wings. At the interface between physics and biology, the present study investigates transparency in 123 Lepidopteran species (from 31 families) for its structural basis, optical properties and biological relevance in relation to thermoregulation and vision. Our results establish that transparency has likely evolved multiple times independently. Efficiency at transmitting light is largely determined by clearwing microstructure (scale shape, insertion, colouration, dimensions and density) and macrostructure (clearwing area, species size or wing area). Microstructural traits – density, dimensions – are tightly linked in their evolution, with different constraints according to scale shape, insertion, and colouration. Transparency appears highly relevant for vision, especially for camouflage, with size-dependent and activity-rhythm dependent variations. Links between transparency and latitude are consistent with an ecological relevance of transparency in thermoregulation, and not so for protection against UV radiation. Altogether, our results shed new light on the physical and ecological processes driving the evolution of transparency on land and underline that transparency is a more complex than previously thought colouration strategy.

Transparency reduces prey detectability by predators. While transparent aquatic species hold higher transparency levels as the light availability of their habitat increases, less is known about such variation in terrestrial species. Lepidoptera species exhibiting transparent wings display various levels of transparency. Using two complementary approaches, we explore how the evolution of different transparency degrees relates to habitat openness, activity rhythm and mimicry syndrome (bee/wasp versus dead-leaf mimic). First, by exposing artificial moth-like prey to wild avian predators in a range of habitat openness, we show that survival is lower in more open habitats. We also found that less transparent morphs are more attacked than more transparent ones, regardless of habitat openness degree. Second, by analysing the evolution of wing features and ecological traits in 107 clearwing species, we found that diurnal species transmit more light than nocturnal species under certain conditions (when considering only forewings, at smaller clearwing surfaces and at larger wing lengths) and that species flying in open habitats and exhibiting large percentages of clearwing surface transmit slightly more light than those flying in closed habitats, although this is reversed at smaller percentages of clearwing surfaces. Additionally, bee/wasp mimics are more often diurnal and have higher and less variable light transmittances than dead-leaf mimics, which are more often nocturnal. Flying during the day, in open habitats and mimicking insects with transparent wings seem to promote high light transmittance under certain circumstances. Activity rhythm, habitat openness and species interactions play a crucial role in determining transparency design on land.

International audience; Summary: With a species count reaching almost 100 species, the genus Acrapex is the most diverse genus of sesamiine stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Apameini: Sesamiina). Acrapex species are mostly distributed in the Afrotropics and consist of several large clades corresponding to distinct species complexes. In this study, 45 morphologically similar species of Acrapex from sub-Saharan Africa are reviewed, including 22 new species that are described: Acrapex alemuran. sp., A. barnsin. sp., A. capelongon. sp., A. congoensisn. sp., A. elgonan. sp., A. elisabethianan. sp., A. eucanthan. sp., A. grandisn. sp., A. igominyin. sp., A. inexpectatan. sp., A. ketoman. sp., A. lilomwin. sp., A. mafingan. sp., A. maketen. sp., A. marungun. sp., A. mazoen. sp., A. mlanjen. sp., Acrapex muchingan. sp., A. ngorongoron. sp., A. obscuran. sp., A. ruirun. sp. and A. wittein. sp. Supplemental descriptions for previously described species are provided as well. These 45 species are assigned to the newly defined Acrapex aenigma species group. We also conduct molecular phylogenetic analyses and molecular species delimitation analyses on a multi-marker (four mitochondrial and two nuclear genes) molecular dataset encompassing 304 specimens (including 256 Acrapex specimens from 54 species of which 16 species belong to the A. aenigma group). Molecular phylogenetics analyses recover well-supported relationships within Acrapex and support the monophyly of the newly defined group. Results of molecular species delimitation analyses are mostly congruent and tend to corroborate the status of the sampled Acrapex species. Consistent with what has been previously found in other studies, the comparison of results from distinct methods and settings for molecular species delimitation analyses allows us to assess species boundaries with more confidence.; Avec près d’une centaine d’espèces le genre Acrapex est le genre de noctuelles foreuses le plus diversifié de la sous-tribu des Sesamiina (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae : Noctuinae : Apameini). Les Acrapex sont majoritairement distribués dans la région Afrotropicale et sont composés de plusieurs clades correspondant à différents complexes d’espèces. Dans cette étude, 45 espèces morphologiquement proches d’Acrapex sub-sahariens sont étudiées, au rang desquelles figurent 22 nouvelles espèces que nous décrivons : Acrapex alemura n. sp., A. barnsi n. sp., A. capelongo n. sp., A. congoensis n. sp., A. elgona n. sp., A. elisabethiana n. sp., A. eucantha n. sp., A. grandis n. sp., A. igominyi n. sp., A. inexpectata n. sp., A. ketoma n. sp., A. lilomwi n. sp., A. mafinga n. sp., A. makete n. sp., A. marungu n. sp., A. mazoe n. sp., A. mlanje n. sp., A. muchinga n. sp., A. ngorongoro n. sp., A. obscura n. sp., A. ruiru n. sp., and A. wittei n. sp. Nous fournissons également des descriptions supplémentaires pour des espèces déjà décrites. Ces 45 espèces sont assignées au groupe d’espèces Acrapex aenigma, que nous définissons. Nous avons également réalisé des analyses de reconstruction phylogénétique et des analyses de délimitation moléculaire d’espèces sur un jeu de données moléculaires multimarqueurs (quatre gènes mitochondriaux et deux gènes nucléaires) comprenant 304 spécimens (incluant 256 Acrapex de 54 espèces dont 16 appartiennent au groupe A. aenigma). Les analyses phylogénétiques retrouvent des topologies bien supportées au sein du genre Acrapex et soutiennent l’hypothèse de monophylie du groupe d’espèces nouvellement défini. Les résultats des analyses de délimitation moléculaire d’espèces sont majoritaitement en accord et tendent à soutenir le statut d’espèce des Acrapex échantillonnés. Conformément à ce qui a été mis en évidence dans d’autres études, la comparaison des résultats de différentes méthodes et paramétrages d’analyses de délimitation moléculaire d’espèces permet ainsi d’estimer les contours des espèces avec plus de confiance.

International audience; The noctuid genus Spodoptera currently consists of 31 species with varied host plant breadths, ranging from monophagous and oligophagous non-pest species to polyphagous pests of economic importance. Several of these pest species have become major invaders, colonizing multiple continents outside their native range. Such is the case of the infamous fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), which includes two recognized host strains that have not been treated as separate species. Following its accidental introduction to Africa in 2016, it quickly spread through Africa and Asia to Australia. Given that half the described Spodoptera species cause major crop losses, comparative genomics studies of several Spodoptera species have highlighted major adaptive changes in genetic architecture, possibly relating to their pest status. Several recent population genomics studies conducted on two species enable a more refined understanding of their population structures, migration patterns and invasion processes. Despite growing interest in the genus, the taxonomic status of several Spodoptera species remains unstable and evolutionary studies suffer from the absence of a robust and comprehensive dated phylogenetic framework. We generated mitogenomic data for 14 Spodoptera taxa, which are combined with data from 15 noctuoid outgroups to generate a resolved mitogenomic backbone phylogeny using both concatenation and multi-species coalescent approaches. We combine this backbone with additional mitochondrial and nuclear data to improve our understanding of the evolutionary history of the genus. We also carry out comprehensive dating analyses, which implement three distinct calibration strategies based on either primary or secondary fossil calibrations. Our results provide an updated phylogenetic framework for 28 Spodoptera species, identifying two well-supported ecologically diverse clades that are recovered for the first time. Well-studied larvae in each of these clades are characterized by differences in mandibular shape, with one clade's being more specialized on silica-rich C4 grasses. Interestingly, the inferred timeframe for the genus suggests an earlier origin than previously thought for the genus: about 17-18 million years ago.Highlights:• Use of genome skimming to generate mitogenomic data for 14 Spodoptera species.• Inference of a high-quality backbone phylogeny for the genus Spodoptera.• We propose a new updated phylogenetic framework for 28 of the 31 Spodoptera species.• Two ecologically diverse Spodoptera clades are recovered for the first time.• Dating analyses indicate a more recent origin than previously thought for Spodoptera.

Description of a new species and nomenclatural changes for the genus Metria Hübner, 1823 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae). Metria pascali n. sp. is described on four males from French Guiana. Two other related species are compared and discussed : M. phoenicopasta Hampson, 1918, and M. picturata (Schaus, 1901). Twelve new combinations are proposed : Hypogrammodes amazonica (Butler, 1879), n. comb., H. compotrix (Hübner, 1818), n. comb., H. pacifica (Walker, [ 1858), n. comb., H. nebulosa (Maassen, 1890), n. comb., H. lydia (Möschler, 1880), n. comb., H. metopis (Hampson, 1913), n. comb., H. laurena (Schaus, 1906), n. comb., Pseudyrias eugrapha (Dognin, 1914), n. comb., P. olearos (Schaus, 1913), n. comb., Matigramma argentogrisea (Draudt, 1940), n. comb., Orodesma nigrescens (Schaus, 1912), n. comb., Safidia holologica (Dyar, 1920), n. comb. Two new synonymies are performed : Safia metopis Hampson, 1913, n. syn. for Helia compotrix Hübner, 1818, and Homoptera lydia Möschler, 1880, n. syn. for Homoptera pacifica Walker, 1858., Metria pascali n. sp. est décrite d’après quatre mâles de Guyane. Deux autres espèces apparentées sont comparées et discutées : M. phoenicopasta Hampson, 1918, et M. picturata (Schaus, 1901). Douze nouvelles combinaisons sont proposées : Hypogrammodes amazonica (Butler, 1879), n. comb., H. compotrix (Hübner, 1818), n. comb., H. pacifica (Walker, 1858), n. comb., H. nebulosa (Maassen, 1890), n. comb., H. lydia (Möschler, 1880), n. comb., H. metopis (Hampson, 1913), n. comb., H. laurena (Schaus, 1906), n. comb., Pseudyrias eugrapha (Dognin, 1914), n. comb., P. olearos (Schaus, 1913) n. comb., Matigramma argentogrisea (Draudt, 1940), n. comb., Orodesma nigrescens (Schaus, 1912), n. comb., Safidia holologica (Dyar, 1920), n. comb. Deux nouvelles mises en synonymie sont effectuées : Safia metopis Hampson, 1913, n. syn. de Helia compotrix Hübner, 1818, et Homoptera lydia Möschler, 1880, n. syn. de Homoptera pacifica Walker, 1858., Descripción de una nueva especie y cambios en la nomenclatura para el género Metria Hübner, 1823 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae). Metria pascali n. sp. es descrito en cuatro machos de la Guayana Francesa. Dos otras especies relacionadas se comparan y discuten : M. phoenicopasta Hampson, 1918, y M. picturata (Schaus, 1901). Se proponen doce nuevas combinaciones : Hypogrammodes amazonica (Butler, 1879), n. comb., H. compotrix (Hübner, 1818), n. comb., H. pacifica (Walker, 1858), n. comb., H. nebulosa (Maassen, 1890), n. comb., H. lydia (Möschler, 1880), n. comb., H. metopis (Hampson, 1913), n. comb., H. laurena (Schaus, 1906), n. comb., Pseudyrias eugrapha (Dognin, 1914), n. comb., P. olearos (Schaus, 1913), n. comb., Matigramma argentogrisea (Draudt, 1940), n. comb., Orodesma nigrescens (Schaus, 1912), n. comb., Safidia holologica (Dyar, 1920), n. comb. Dos nuevas sinonimias se efectúan : Safia metopis Hampson, 1913, n. syn. para Helia compotrix Hübner, 1818, y Homoptera lydia Möschler, 1880, n. syn. para Homoptera pacifica Walker, 1858., Barbut Jérôme. Description d’une nouvelle espèce et changements nomenclaturaux pour le genre Metria Hübner, 1823 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 121 (2),2016. pp. 207-212.

International audience; The genus Spodoptera Guenee (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Noctuinae) is a group of economic importance which encompasses several major pests of crops worldwide. Although this genus has been the focus of many studies, the status of several Spodoptera species is still unstable, especially in the light of recent molecular analyses. In 2015 five Spodoptera specimens collected in Ethiopia were first identified as S. apertura (Walker). However, preliminary studies suggested that these specimens belong to a distinct species, S. teferii Laporte in Rougeot, which has been previously synonymized with S. apertura. In this study, on the basis of morphological and molecular evidence, we re-establish the species status of S. teferii. We provide a supplemental description of S. teferii male and the first description of S. teferii female. We also conducted several molecular analyses. First, we reconstructed an updated phylogeny for the genus based on a multilocus dataset (four mitochondrial and three nuclear gene fragments) including S. teferii and 28 of the 31 currently recognized Spodoptera species; the results of phylogenetic analyses support the hypothesis that S. teferii is more closely related to the clade encompassing S. littoralis (Boisduval), S. litura (Fabricius), S. pectinicornis (Hampson) and S. picta (Guerin-Meneville) than to S. apertura. Second, we carried out molecular species delimitation analyses on a 683-specimen dataset that also clearly support the status of S. teferii as a species distinct to S. apertura.

Description of two new taxa of the genus Boryzops Richards, 1936 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae). Two new taxa of the genus Boryzops Richards, 1936, are described : B. drechseli n. sp. from Paraguay, on twelve specimens, and B. similis jamaicensis n. ssp. from Jamaica, on three specimens. Habitus and genitalia are illustrated and compared with those of closest taxa B. purissima (Dyar, 1910) and B. similis similis (Druce, 1901)., Deux taxa nouveaux du genre Boryzops Richards, 1936, sont décrits : une espèce, B. drechseli n. sp. du Paraguay, sur douze spécimens, et une sous-espèce, B. similis jamaicensis n. ssp. de Jamaïque, sur trois spécimens. L’habitus et les genitalia sont illustrés et comparés aux taxa les plus proches B. purissima (Dyar, 1910) et B. similis similis (Druce, 1901)., Descripción de dos taxa nuevos en el género Boryzops Richards, 1936 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae). Se describen dos nuevos taxa del género Boryzops Richards, 1936 : una especie, B. drechseli n. sp. del Paraguay, sobre doce especímenes, y una subespecie, B. similis jamaicensis n. ssp. de Jamaica, sobre tres especímenes. Se ilustran los hábitus y las genitalia y se comparan con los taxa más cercanos B. purissima (Dyar, 1910) y B. similis similis (Druce, 1901)., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description de deux nouveaux taxa du genre Boryzops Richards, 1936 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) . In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 122 (4),2017. pp. 487-492.

Une nouvelle espece du genre Callopistria Hubner, 1821, C. longipilosa n. sp., est decrite sur une serie de cinq specimens de Guyane. Elle est comparee a C. leucotoma (Druce, 1908) decrite du Perou mais egalement presente en Guyane. L'habitus et les genitalia sont illustres. Deux nouvelles combinaisons et deux nouvelles synonymies sont proposees: Phuphena plinthobaps (Zerny, 1916) n. comb., Elaphria carmioli (Schaus, 1911) n. comb., Callopistria orses (Schaus, 1914) mis en synonymie avec C. panamensisDruce, 1889, et Callopistria trinidensis (Hampson, 1908) mis en synonymie avec C. floridensis (Guenee, 1852).

1. This study focuses on the importance in hyperdiverse regions, such as the Amazonian forest, of accelerating and optimising the census of invertebrate communities. 2. We carried out low-intensity sampling of tropical moth (Lepidoptera) assemblages in disturbed forest fragments in Brazil. 3. We combined DNA barcoding and taxonomists' expertise to produce fast and accurate surveys of local diversity, including the recognition and census of undescribed and endemic species. 4. Integrating expert knowledge of species distributions, we show that despite limited sampling effort, our approach revealed an unexpectedly high number of new and endemic species in severely threatened tropical forest fragments. 5. These results highlight the risk of silent centinelan extinctions and emphasise the urgent need for accelerated invertebrate surveys in high-endemism and human-impacted tropical forests.

Contribution to the knowledge of the Noctuoidea of the French West Indies and description of four new species (Lepidoptera). Gonodonta jamaicensis n. sp. is described on two males from Jamaica. Habitus and genitalia are figured in comparison with these of the closest taxa G. unica Neumoegen, 1891, G. bidens Geyer, 1832, and G. correcta (Walker, [ 1858]). Gonodonta alexandra Thöny, 2000, n. syn., is a new synonym of Gonodonta uxor Cramer, 1780 ; Gonodonta marmorata Schaus, 1906, bona sp., is reabilitated. Litoprosopus papayensis n. sp. is described on five specimens collected in the French Antilles. Habitus and genitalia are figured in comparison with these of the closest taxa L. bahamensis Hampson, 1926, and L. puncticosta Hampson, 1926. Anicla biweri n. sp. is described on nine specimens collected in the French West Indies. Habitus and genitalia are figured in comparison with these of the closest taxa A. recondita (Möschler, 1890) n. comb. and A. cemolia Franclemont, 1967. Leucania rodea Schaus, 1894, n. syn., is a new synonym of Callierges recondita Möschler, 1890, and placed in the genus Anicla Grote, 1874. Neostictoptera lezardensis n. sp. is described on twenty males from French West Indies. Habitus and genitalia are figured., Gonodonta jamaicensis n. sp. est décrit d’après deux mâles de Jamaïque. L’habitus et les genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux des taxa les plus proches, G. unica Neumoegen, 1891, G. bidens Geyer, 1832, et G. correcta (Walker, [1858]). Gonodonta alexandra Thöny, 2000, n. syn., est mis en synonyme de Gonodonta uxor (Cramer, 1780) ; Gonodonta marmorata Schaus, 1906, bona sp., est réhabilité. Litoprosopus papayensis n. sp. est décrit d’après une série de cinq spécimens des Antilles françaises. L’habitus et les genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux des taxa les plus proches, L. bahamensis Hampson, 1926, et L. puncticosta Hampson, 1926. Anicla biweri n. sp. est décrit d’après une série de neuf spécimens des Antilles françaises. L’habitus et les genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux des taxa les plus proches, A. recondita (Möschler, 1890) n. comb., et A. cemolia Franclemont, 1967. Leucania rodea Schaus, 1894, n. syn., est mis en synonymie de Callierges recondita Möschler, 1890, qui est replacé dans le genre Anicla Grote, 1874. Neostictoptera lezardensis n. sp. est décrit d’après une série de vingt et un spécimens des Antilles françaises. L’habitus et les genitalia sont figurés., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Contribution à la connaissance des Noctuoidea des Antilles et descriptions de quatre nouvelles espèces (Lepidoptera). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 114 (4),2009. pp. 409-418.

Revision of the genus Orotermes Dognin, 1919 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae). The genus Orotermes Dognin, 1919, is revised and includes three taxa : O. monstrosa, O. japyx n. comb, and O. hermieri n. sp. described on seven males of French Guiana. The belonging to this genus of Parangitia japyx is shown. Habitus, nervation, genitalia and some abdominal segments are compared and figured., Le genre Orotermes Dognin, 1919, est révisé et comprend trois taxa : O. monstrosa, O. japyx n. comb, et O. hermieri n. sp. décrit d'après sept mâles de Guyane française. L'appartenance à ce genre de Parangitia japyx est démontré. L' habitus, la nervation, les genitalia et quelques segments abdominaux sont figurés et comparés., Revisión del género Orotermes Dognin, 1919 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae). El género Orotermes Dognin, 1919, esta revisado y comprende tres especies : O. monstrosa, O. japyx n. comb, y O. hermieri n. sp. describe O. sobre siete machos de la Guyana Francesa. Parangitia japyx esta nuevamente combinado en el género. El hábitus, la nervación alar, las genitalia y varios segmentos abdominales están figurados y comparados., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Révision du genre Orotermes Dognin, 1919 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 112 (1), mars 2007. pp. 49-52.

FNowadays molecular species delimitation methods promote the identification of species boundaries within complex taxonomic groups by adopting innovative species concepts and theories (e.g. branching patterns, coalescence). As some of them can efficiently deal with large single-locus datasets, they could speed up the process of species discovery compared to more time consuming molecular methods, and benefit from the existence of large public datasets; these methods can also particularly favour scientific research and actions dealing with threatened or economically important taxa. In this study we aim to investigate and clarify the status of economically important moths species belonging to the genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a complex group in which previous phylogenetic analyses and integrative approaches already suggested the possible occurrence of cryptic species and taxonomic ambiguities. In this work, the effectiveness of innovative (and faster) species delimitation approaches to infer putative species boundaries has been successfully tested in Spodoptera, by processing the most comprehensive dataset (in terms of number of species and specimens) ever achieved; results are congruent and reliable, irrespective of the set of parameters and phylogenetic models applied. Our analyses confirm the existence of three potential new species clusters (for S. exigua (Hubner, 1808), S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) and S. mauritia (Boisduval, 1833)) and support the synonymy of S. marima (Schaus, 1904) with S. ornithogalli (Guenee, 1852). They also highlight the ambiguity of the status of S. cosmiodes (Walker, 1858) and S. descoinsi Lalanne-Cassou & Silvain, 1994. This case study highlights the interest of molecular species delimitation methods as valuable tools for species discovery and to emphasize taxonomic ambiguities.

Description of two new neotropical species of the genus Celiptera Guenée (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). C. virginiae n. sp., and C. carbonensis n. sp. are new species of neotropical owlet moths. C. virginiae is described from 6 specimens collected in Bolivia, and C. carbonensis from 3 males collected in Peru. Habitus and genitalia are figured and compared with those of the nearest taxa, C. remigioides (Guenée) on one hand, C. valina (Schaus) and C. grisescens (Schaus) on the other hand., Celiptera virginiae n. sp. et C. carbonensis n. sp. sont deux nouvelles espèces de noctuelles Catocalinae néotropicales. C. virginiae est décrit d'après une série de 6 spécimens, tous collectés en Bolivie ; C. carbonensis d'après une série de 3 mâles, tous collectés au Pérou. Les habitus et les genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux des taxons voisins, C. remigioides (Guenée) d'une part, C. valina (Schaus) et C. grisescens (Schaus) d'autre part., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description de deux nouvelles espèces néotropicales du genre Celiptera Guenée (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 108 (4), octobre 2003. pp. 377-382.

Phaeoblemma Hampson, 1926 : description of a new species, new synonyms and combination (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Phaeoblemma pascoana n. sp. is described on a male specimen from Peru (Pásco). Habitus and genitalia are figured in regards with those of the nearest taxa, P. dares (Stoll) et P. undina (Felder & Rogenhofer). A new combination and two news synonymies are proposed., Phaeoblemma pascoana n. sp. est décrit d'après un mâle du Pérou (Pásco). L'habitus et les différentes parties des genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux des taxa les plus proches P. dares (Stoll) et P. undina (Felder & Rogenhofer). Une nouvelle combinaison et deux nouvelles synonymies sont proposées., Phaeoblemma Hampson, 1926 : descripción de una nueva especie, con nuevas combinación y sinonimias (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Phaeoblemma pascoana n. sp. esta descrito sobre un macho del Peru (Pásco). El habitus y las genitalia están ilustradas en comparasion con las especies cercanas P. dares (Stoll) y P. undina (Felder & Rogenhofer). Se propone una nueva combinación y dos nuevas sinonimias., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Phaeoblemma Hampson, 1926 : description d'une nouvelle espèce, nouvelles combinaison et synonymies (Noctuidae, Catocalinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 111 (1), mars 2006. pp. 115-117.

Description of two new species of the genus Dolichosomastis Hampson, 1924 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Eulepidotinae). Two new species of Dolichosomastis Hampson, 1924, are described : D. versicolora n. sp. on three male specimens from French Guiana, and compared with D. hermieri Barbut & Lalanne-Cassou, 2010 ; D. tranversata n. sp. on three male specimens from Peru, and compared with D. ceres (Schaus, 1914). Habitus and genitalia of all these species are figured. A new synonymy is proposed in the genus Dolichosomastis : Sanys implicata Kaye, 1922, n. syn. for Dolichosomastis deois (Schaus, 1914)., Deux nouvelles espèces de Dolichosomastis Hampson, 1924, sont décrites : D. versicolora n. sp. sur trois exemplaires mâles provenant de Guyane française comparés à D. hermieri Barbut & Lalanne-Cassou, 2010, et D. tranversata n. sp. sur trois exemplaires mâles du Pérou comparés à D. ceres (Schaus, 1914). L’habitus et les genitalia de toutes ces espèces sont illustrés. Une nouvelle synonymie est proposée au sein du genre Dolichosomastis : Sanys implicata Kaye, 1922, n. syn. pour Dolichosomastis deois (Schaus, 1914)., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description de deux nouvelles espèces du genre Dolichosomastis Hampson, 1924 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Eulepidotinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 118 (2),2013. pp. 159-162.

Lepidodes lorenae n. sp., new species of neotropical owlet moth (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). Lepidodes lorenae n. sp. is described from fourteen males and one female, collected in the Andean Cordillera (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru). Diagnostic differences in habitus are given and distinguished from L. limbulata Guenée, 1852., Lepidodes lorenae n. sp. est décrite d'après une série de quatorze mâles et une femelle, tous collectés dans la Cordillère des Andes (Venezula, Colombie, Equateur et Pérou). L'habitas et les différentes structures des genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux du taxon le plus proche, L. limbulata Guenée, 1852., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Lepidodes lorenae n. sp., nouvelle espèce néotropicale de Noctuelle (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 108 (1), mars 2003. pp. 71-73.

Between the late Oligocene and the early Miocene, climatic changes have shattered the faunal and floral communities and drove the apparition of new ecological niches. Grassland biomes began to supplant forestlands, thus favouring a large-scale ecosystem turnover. The independent adaptive radiations of several mammal lineages through the evolution of key innovations are classic examples of these changes. However, little is known concerning the evolutionary history of other herbivorous groups in relation with this modified environment. It is especially the case in phytophagous insect communities, which have been rarely studied in this context despite their ecological importance. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic and evolutionary patterns of grass-specialist moths from the species-rich tribe Apameini (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). The molecular dating analyses carried out over the corresponding phylogenetic framework reveal an origin around 29 million years ago for the Apameini. Ancestral state reconstructions indicate (i) a potential Palaearctic origin of the tribe Apameini associated with a major dispersal event in Afrotropics for the subtribe Sesamiina; (ii) a recent colonization from Palaearctic of the New World and Oriental regions by several independent lineages; and (iii) an ancestral association of the tribe Apameini over grasses (Poaceae). Diversification analyses indicate that diversification rates have not remained constant during the evolution of the group, as underlined by a significant shift in diversification rates during the early Miocene. Interestingly, this age estimate is congruent with the development of grasslands at this time. Rather than clade ages, variations in diversification rates among genera better explain the current differences in species diversity. Our results underpin a potential adaptive radiation of these phytophagous moths with the family Poaceae in relation with the major environmental shifts that have occurred in the Miocene.

Description of a new Neotropical species of the genus Marathyssa Walker, 1865 (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Euteliidae). A new species belonging to the genus Marathyssa Walker, 1865, M. chacoensis n. sp., is described on eighteen specimens from South Bolivia. Habitus and genitalia are figured and compared with those of M. angustipennis (Schaus, 1906)., Une nouvelle espèce du genre Marathyssa Walker, 1865, M. chacoensis n. sp., est décrite d''après dixhuit spécimens provenant du sud de la Bolivie. L''habitus et les genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux de M. angustipennis (Schaus, 1906)., escripción de una nueva especie neotropical del género Marathyssa Walker, 1865 (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Euteliidae). Se describe una especie nueva del género Marathyssa Walker, 1865, sobre diez y ocho especímenes del Sur de Bolivia : M. chacoensis n. sp. Se ilustra y compara el habitus y las genitalia con los de M. angustipennis (Schaus, 1906)., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description d'une nouvelle espèce néotropicale du genre Marathyssa Walker, 1865 (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Euteliidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 116 (4),2011. pp. 397-400.

Description of a new species of Eulepidotis Hübner, 1823, discovered in the natural reserve of the Trinité (French Guiana) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Eulepidotinae). An undescribed species of Eulepidotis is discovered on the inselberg Roche Bénitier in the natural reserve of the Trinité in French Guiana. The species is described ; habitus, genitalia and habitat are illustrated., Une espèce inédite d'Eulepidotis est découverte sur l''inselberg Roche-Bénitier dans la réserve naturelle de la Trinité en Guyane française. L'espèce est décrite ; l'habitus, les genitalia et l''habitat sont illustrés., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description d'une nouvelle espèce d'Eulepidotis Hübner, 1823, découverte dans la réserve naturelle de la Trinité (Guyane française) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Eulepidotinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 116 (2),2011. pp. 181-184.

Contribution to the knowledge of Erebidae from French Guiana : description of five new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). Five new species of Erebidae from French Guiana are described ; for each of these species habitus and genitalia are figured. Eleven new synonyms are proposed within the genus Eulepidotis, four new combinations and one status revised in the genus Dolichosomastis., Cinq nouvelles espèces d'Erebidae de Guyane française sont décrites ; pour chacune de ces espèces l'habitus et les genitalia sont figurés. Onze nouveaux synonymes sont proposés au sein du genre Eulepidotis, quatre nouvelles combinaisons et un statut révisé au sein du genre Dolichosomastis., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Contribution à la connaissance des Erebidae de Guyane française : description de cinq nouvelles espèces (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 115 (4),2010. pp. 435-444.

Description of three new species of genus Epidromia Guenée, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). E. lafontainei n. sp. is described on two males from Costa Rica, E. dickeli n. sp. on four males from French Guiana and E. maracayensis n. sp. on one male from Venezuela. Habitus and genitalia are figured in comparison with these of the closest taxa E. conspersata Dognin, 1912 and E. lienaris Hübner, 1823., Description de trois nouvelles espèces du genre Epidromia Guenée, 1852 : E. lafontainei n. sp. est décrite d’après deux mâles du Costa Rica, E. dickeli n. sp. d’après quatre mâles de Guyane française et E. maracayensis n. sp. décrite d’après un seul mâle du Venezuela. L’habitus et les genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux des taxa les plus proches E. conspersata Dognin, 1912, et E. lienaris Hübner, 1823., Descripción de tres nuevas especies del género Epidromia Guenée, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). Se describe E. lafontainei n. sp. sobre dos machos de Costa Rica, E. dickeli n. sp. sobre cuatro machos de Guyane française, y E. maracayensis n. sp. sobre un macho de Venezuela. El hábitus y las genitalia estan ilustrados en comparason con las especies cercanas E. conspersata Dognin, 1912, y E. lienaris Hübner, 1823., Barbut Jérôme. Description de trois nouvelles espèces du genre Epidromia Guenée, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 114 (2),2009. pp. 163-166.

Barbut Jérôme, Hervé Christophe, Garrouste Romain, Leraut Patrice. Inventaire et diversité des Lépidoptères de l'atoll de Clipperton. In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 111 (1), mars 2006. pp. 71-72.

Description of three new neotropical Euteliinae of the genera Eutelia and Paectes and new synonymies (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Eutelia haxairei n. sp. is described after two specimens from Mexico. Habitus and genitalia are compared with those of E. furcata (Walker, 1865). Eutelia biangulata n. sp. is described after two specimens from in Bolivia and Brasil. Habitus and genitalia are compared with those of E. abscondens (Walker, 1858). Paectes silvaini n. sp. is described after two specimens from French Guyana. Habitus and genitalia are figured. Two new synonymies are established., Trois nouvelles espèces d'Euteliinae sont décrites : deux Eutelia et un Paectes. Les habitus et les genitalia sont figurés. Eutelia haxairei n. sp. du Mexique est comparé à E. furcata (Walker, 1865). Eutelia biangulata n. sp. de Bolivie et du Brésil est comparé à E. absconderis (Walker, 1858). Paectes silvaini n. sp. est décrit de Guyane française. Deux nouvelles synonymies sont établies., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description de trois Euteliinae néotropicaux appartenant aux genres Eutelia et Paectes et nouvelles synonymies (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 110 (1), mars 2005. pp. 97-102.

Description of two new neotropical Neophaenis Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Neophaenis boucheri n. sp. is described on a series of seven females, collected in Mexico. Habitus and genitalia are figured in regards with N. respondens (Walker, 1858). N. descimoni n. sp. is described on a single female collected in Cuba. Habitus and genitalia are figured in regards with N. frauenfeldi (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1 874)., Neophaenis boucheri n. sp. est décrit d'après une série de sept exemplaires femelles, tous collectés au Mexique. L'habitus et les différentes structures des genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux du taxon le plus proche, N. respondens (Walker, 1858). N. descimoni n. sp. est décrit d'après une unique femelle collectée à Cuba. L'habitus et les différentes structures des genitalia sont figurés et comparés à ceux du taxon le plus proche, N. frauenfeldi (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874)., Barbut Jérôme, Lalanne-Cassou Bernard. Description de deux nouveaux Neophaenis Hampson néotropicaux (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 109 (2), juin 2004. pp. 185-189.