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Genus Syncyamus Bowman, 1955 Diagnosis Antenna 1 short, 4-segmented, terminal article sparsely setose. Lower lip inner lobes fused. Maxilla 2 outer lobes fused. Maxillipeds inner lobes triangular, fused basally, outer lobes lacking, palps lacking. Gnathopod 1 palm short, dactylus very recurved. Gnathopod 2 propodus robust, palm short. Pereonites 3 and 4 short, with uniramous lateral gills, sausage-shaped. Accessory gills present, sausage-shaped, spinelike processes on the base of lateral gills absent. Oostegites plates 3–4 boot shaped. Type species Syncyamus pseudorcae Bowman, 1955., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, Carvalho, Vitor Luz & Serejo, Cristiana Silveira, 2017, Updates on Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): redescriptions of Cyamus monodontis Lütken, 1870 and Cyamus nodosus Lütken, 1861, a new species of Isocyamus, and new host records for Syncyamus ilheusensis Haney, De Almeida and Reis, 2004, pp. 2225-2245 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (37 - 38) on page 2241, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1365965, http://zenodo.org/record/4746859, {"references":["Bowman TE. 1955. A new genus and species of whale-louse (Amphipoda: Cyamidae) from the false killer whale. Bull Mar Sci. 5: 315 - 320."]}

Syncyamus ilheusensis Haney, De Almeida and Reis, 2004 (Figure 8) Syncyamus ilheusensis Haney, De Almeida and Reis, 2004: 410–416, figs 1–5. Material examined Host Peponocephala electra: one male, 3.4 mm, four females, 3.4–5.5 mm, two juveniles, 1.5 mm, Aracati (4.457°S; 37.746°W), Ceará, Brazil, MNRJ 26765 (AQUASIS 02C1511/562); one male, 3.2 mm, two ovigerous females, 3.5–4.3 mm, one female, 3.6 mm, Fortaleza (3.808°S; 38.411°W), Ceará, Brazil, MNRJ 26766 (AQUASIS 05C1511/673); host Stenella clymene: one male, 3.1 mm, one female, 4.3 mm, Aquiraz (3.893°S; 38.353°W), Ceará, Brazil, MNRJ 28469 (AQUASIS 02C1151/720); host Globicephala macrorhynchus: one male, 3.5 mm, Cruz (2.812°S; 40.415°W), Ceará, Brazil, MNRJ 26767 (AQUASIS 02C1921/527). Hosts Globicephala macrorhynchus, Peponocephala electra (new host record), Stenella clymene (new host record). Diagnosis (adapted from Haney et al. 2004) Anterior margin of pereonite 2 bilobed, with intern lobe much larger in size (Figure 8 (a)); lateral gills uniramous and ventrally directed, not reaching anterior margin of pereonite 2 (Figure 8 (b,c)); accessory gills of male subtriangular, approximately two-thirds length of lateral gill; pereonites 3 and 4 lacking acute ventral processes; pereonites 5 and 6 of male bearing two pairs of acute ventral processes, pereonite 7 of male with one pair of acute ventral processes (Figure 8 (d)). Remarks Syncyamus is a genus of small cyamids composed of four described species all of which are ectoparasites of warm-water dolphins. Syncyamus ilheusensis differs from S. aequus Lincoln and Hurley, 1981 by the number of acute ventral processes on pereonite 5, the presence of accessory gills in males and larger body size. Syncyamus ilheusensis differs from S. pseudorcae Bowman, 1955 by the asymmetrical lobes on anterior margin of pereonite 2, the absence of acute ventral processes on pereonites 3 and 4, and the presence of an acute process on the postero-medial margin of the basi-ischium of pereopod 7. The original description of S. ilheusensis was based on specimens collected from a short-finned pilot whale (G. macrorhynchus) stranded on the north-east coast of Brazil (Haney et al. 2004). The specimens examined from P. electra and S. clymene agree with the general description of S. ilheusensis. A small difference was noticed, in the presence of a large blunt process on the postero-medial margin of the basi-ischium of pereopod 7 instead of a small acute process (Figure 8 (d)). Comparative material examined from G. macrorhynchus also exhibited a blunt process. This is a new record of S. ilheusensis for Ceará, which was also found on different host species, P. electra and S. clymene. It is known that melon-headed whales host another species of whale-louse, Isocyamus delphinii (Wardle et al. 2000); however, the two cyamids were not recorded together. Cyamids from Stenella clymene were previously assessed by Carvalho et al. (2010), who reported the whale louse S. pseudorcae., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, Carvalho, Vitor Luz & Serejo, Cristiana Silveira, 2017, Updates on Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): redescriptions of Cyamus monodontis Lütken, 1870 and Cyamus nodosus Lütken, 1861, a new species of Isocyamus, and new host records for Syncyamus ilheusensis Haney, De Almeida and Reis, 2004, pp. 2225-2245 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (37 - 38) on pages 2241-2242, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1365965, http://zenodo.org/record/4746859, {"references":["Haney TA, De Almeida AO, Reis MSS. 2004. A new species of cyamid (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from a stranded cetacean in Southern Bahia, Brazil. Bull Mar Sci. 75: 409 - 421.","Lincoln RJ, Hurley DE. 1981. A new species of the whale-louse Syncyamus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Cyamidae) ectoparasitic on dolphins from South Africa. Ann Cape Prov Mus Nat Hist. 13: 187 - 194.","Bowman TE. 1955. A new genus and species of whale-louse (Amphipoda: Cyamidae) from the false killer whale. Bull Mar Sci. 5: 315 - 320.","Wardle WJ, Haney TA, Worthy GAJ. 2000. New host record for the whale louse Isocyamus delphinii (Amphipoda, Cyamidae). Crustaceana. 73: 639 - 641.","Carvalho VL, Bevilaqua CML, Iniguez AM, Mathews-Cascon H, Ribeiro FB, Pessoa LMB, Meirelles ACO, Borges JCG, Marigo J, Soares L, et al. 2010. Metazoan parasites of cetaceans off the northeastern coast of Brazil. Vet Parasitol. 173: 116 - 122."]}

Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, Carvalho, Vitor Luz, Serejo, Cristiana Silveira (2017): Updates on Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): redescriptions of Cyamus monodontis Lütken, 1870 and Cyamus nodosus Lütken, 1861, a new species of Isocyamus, and new host records for Syncyamus ilheusensis Haney, De Almeida and Reis, 2004. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (37-38): 2225-2245, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1365965, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1365965

Liomera edwardsi Kossmann, 1877 (Figure 1D) Liomera edwardsi Kossmann, 1877: 28. Carpilodes edwardsi.— Miers, 1886: 133 (part).— Odhner, 1925: 13, pl. 1, fig. 5.— Holthuis, 1953: 13.— Serène & Luom, 1960: 176 (key). Carpilodes laevis.— Milne-Edwards, Nobili, 1906b: 215 (part).— Michel, 1964: 23 (not A. Milne-Edwards, 1873). Carpilodes sayademalhensis Rathbun, 1911: 211, pl. 17, fig. 5.— Ward, 1942: 83. Liomera edwardsi.— Guinot, 1967: 266.— Serène, 1968: 72.— Sakai, 1976: 393, fig. 209a, pl. 139, fig. 5.— Muraoka, 1998: 38. — Davie, 2002: 543. Liomera (Liomera) edwardsi.— Serène, 1984: 49 (key), 54 (key), 58, pl. 5C. Material examined. NMV J46927, 1 male, Cb= 9.4 mm, Cl= 5.8 mm (acq. 10282) Survey SOL5650, Stn 014 BS002, 12°4.133'–4.133'S, 127°26.164'–26.164'E, 36– 34 m, Benthic sled, 17/09/2012; NMV J46926, 1 female Cb= 14.2 mm, Cl= 9.2 mm (acq. 10100) Survey SOL5650, Stn 019 GR026, 12°4.842, 127°25.815'E, 49 m, Smith Mac, 18/09/2012; NMV J46924, 1 female, Cb= 10.8 mm, Cl= 7.1 mm (acq. 10327) Survey SOL5650, Stn 016 BS004, 12°4.491'S, 127°25.742'E, 45 m, Benthic sled, 17/09/2012; NMV J46925, 1 male, Cb= 15.6 mm, Cl= 9.8 mm (acq. 20251) Survey SOL5650, Stn 074 BS022, 12°4.49'– 4.52'S, 127°26.62–26.62'E, 59–66 m, Benthic sled, 03/10/2012. Colour in preservative. Carapace crimson with white patches mostly on 3 R, sometimes extending to 5L and 2L Ambulatory legs crimson with bands of white at the distal and proximal ends; chelipeds crimson with black fingers. Abdomen mostly white with crimson patches. All specimens presented crimson and white colouration, but differ in proportion of white. Remarks. Liomera edwardsi was the only species with more than one specimen collected during the Timor Sea Oceanic Shoals survey. Liomera edwardsi is very similar to L. tristis (Dana, 1852), L. laevis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), L. sagamiensis (Sakai, 1939) and L. nigropunctata (Serène & Van Luom, 1960), but can be distinguished by a projecting areole well separated from 2M and 1F (Serène, 1984) on the dorsal surface. This species was previously recorded in Australia by Odhner (1925) from one specimen collected from Holothuria Bank, Northwest Australia. Distribution. Comoro Islands (Mayotte), Madagascar (Tulear), Djibouti and Red Sea, South China Sea, Japan (Kii Peninsula), Solomon Islands (Peros Bankos), Northwest Australia, Australia (Holothuria Bank) (Odhner, 1925; Sakai, 1976; Serène, 1984). Depth range 15– 59 m., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on pages 4-5, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Kossmann, R., 1877. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in die kustengebiete des Rothen Meeres. Malacostraca. 1. Theil: Brachyura. Leipzig, W. Engelmann: 1 - 66, pls 1 - 3.","Miers, E. J., 1886. Report on the Brachyura collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. In: C. W. Thompson & J. Murray, Report on the Scientific Results of the exploring Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, under the command of Captain George S. Nares, R. N., F. R. S. and the Late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R. N., Zoology, 17 (2): i-xli, 1 - 362, pls 1 - 29. Michel, C., 1964. Checklist of the Crustacea Brachyura (Crabs) recorded from Mauritius. Mauritius Institute Bulletin, 6 (1): 1 - 48.","Odhner, T., 1925. Monographierte Gattungen der Krabben-familie Xanthidae. I. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, (4) 29 (1): 1 - 92, figs 1 - 7, pls 1 - 5.","Holthuis, L. B., 1953. Enumeration of the Decapod and Stomatopod Crustacea from Pacific Coral Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin, 24: 1 - 66, 2 maps. Mimeogr.","Serene, R., and N. V. Luom, 1960. Les especes de Carpilodes (Bachyura-Xanthidae) du Viet-Nam. Annales de la Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Saigon, 1960: 173 - 187, figs 1 - 2, pls 1 - 2.","Nobili, M. G., 1906 b. Faune carcinologique de la Mer Rouge. Decapodes et Stomatopodes. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, (9) 4 (1 - 3): 1 - 347, figs 1 - 12, pls 1 - 11.","Michel, C., 1964. Checklist of the Crustacea Brachyura (Crabs) recorded from Mauritius. Mauritius Institute Bulletin, 6 (1): 1 - 48.","Milne-Edwards, A., 1873. Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Part II. Groupe des Cyclometopes Portuniens. Nouvelles archives du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9: 155 - 332, pls 4 - 18.","Rathbun, M. J., 1911. Marine Brachyura. In: The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the Leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. III, part II, No. XI. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, (Zool.), (2) 14 (2): 191 - 261, figs 1 - 2, pls 15 - 20.","Ward, M., 1942. Notes on the Crustacea of the Desjardins Museum, Mauritius Institute, with descriptions of new genera and species. Bulletin of the Mauritius Institute, Port Louis, 2 (2): 49 - 113, pls 5 - 6.","Guinot, D., 1967. La faune carcinologique (Crustacea Brachyura) de l'Ocean Indien Occidental et de la Mer Rouge: Catalogue, remarques biogeographiques et bibliographiques. In: Reunion de Specialistes C. S. A. sur les Crustaces, Zanzibar 1964. Memoires de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 77 (1966): 235 - 352, pls 1 - 26, 1 table.","Serene, R., 1968. The Brachyura of the Indo-West Pacific region. In: Prodromus for a check list of the non-planctonic marine fauna of South East Asia. UNESCO Singapore National Academy of Sciences, Special publication No. 1, Fauna IIIC 3: 33 - 112.","Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Muraoka, K., 1998. Catalogue of the Brachyuran and Anomuran Crabs donated by Prof. Dr. Tune Sakai to the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum. Catalogue of the Collection in the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, 11: 5 - 67, pls 1 - 16.","Davie, P. J. F., 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda - Anomura, Brachyura. Vol. 19.3 B. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne. xiv, 641 pp.","Serene, R., 1984. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'Ocean Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge, Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par Crosnier (A): Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune Tropicale, no. XXIV: 1 - 349, figs A-C + 1 - 243, pls 1 - 48. (Translated into English by R. W. Ingle).","Sakai, T., 1939. Studies on the crabs of Japan. IV. Brachygnatha, Brachyrhyncha, pp. 365 - 741, figs 1 - 129, pls 42 - 111, table 1. Yokendo Co., Tokyo."]}

Atergatopsis alcocki (Laurie, 1906) (Figure 1G) Actaea alcocki Laurie, 1906: 403.— Odhner, 1925: 43, pl. 3, fig. 4.— Balss, 1938b: 54, pl. 2, figs 3-4. Xantho bowensis. — Rathbun, 1923:103, pl. 20, figs 1-3. Atergatopsis alcocki.— Guinot, 1969: 232, fig. 15a-c.— Sakai, 1976: 413, fig. 218.— Serène, 1984: 141 (key), 142 (key). Aff. Atergatopsis alcocki.— Serène, 1984: 143 (list), pl. 20 E. Material examined. NMV J46930, 1 male, Cb = 32.4 mm, Cl = 22.4 mm (acq. 118) Survey SS 2012t 07, Stn 02, 11°13.78'–13.78'S, 134°44.47'– 44.44'E, 23.3 m, Benthic sled, 17/10/2012. Colour in preservative. Carapace brown, darker in the first half, until last anterolateral tooth; ambulatory legs brown/orange; chelipeds brown with black chelae; abdomen beige. Remarks. The specimen from the Timor Sea agrees well with the description in Laurie (1906). The holotype is described by Laurie as yellowish with a circular brown patch in the gastric region in live specimens. The single male specimen from the Timor Sea lacked the brown patch as does the specimen described by Rathbun (1923, plate 20) collected in Queensland, Australia. Distribution. Sri Lanka, Singapore, Japan (Kii Peninsula), Australia (Queensland and Northern Australia) (Laurie, 1906; Rathbun, 1923; Sakai, 1976). Depth range 15– 35 m., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Laurie, R. D., 1906. Report on the Brachyura collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: W. A. Herdman, Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar with supplementary reports upon the Marine Biology of Ceylon by other Naturalists, part 5, suppl. Rep. 40: 349 - 432, figs 1 - 12, pls 1 - 2.","Odhner, T., 1925. Monographierte Gattungen der Krabben-familie Xanthidae. I. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, (4) 29 (1): 1 - 92, figs 1 - 7, pls 1 - 5.","Balss, H., 1938 b. Uber einige Xanthidae (Crustacea, Dekapoda) von Singapore und Umgebung. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 14: 48 - 63, figs 1 - 2, pls 2 - 3.","Rathbun, M. J., 1923. Report on the crabs obtained by the F. I. S. \" Endeavour \" on the coasts of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Report on the Brachyrhyncha, Oxystomata and Dromiacea. Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments carried out by the F. I. S. \" Endeavour \", 1909 - 14 5: 95 - 156, pls 116 - 142.","Guinot, D., 1969. Sur divers Xanthidae notament sur Actaea de Haan et Paractaea gen. nov. (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura). Cahiers du Pacifique, 13: 223 - 267, figs 1 - 36.","Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Serene, R., 1984. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'Ocean Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge, Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par Crosnier (A): Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune Tropicale, no. XXIV: 1 - 349, figs A-C + 1 - 243, pls 1 - 48. (Translated into English by R. W. Ingle)."]}

Paractaea rufopunctata plumosa Guinot, in Sakai, 1976 (Figure 1B) Paractaea rufopunctata forma plumosa Guinot, 1969: 248, fig. 21. Paractaea rufopunctata plumosa Sakai, 1976 a: 450, fig. 240b, pl. 159, fig. 1..— Muraoka, 1998: 42. Paractaea rufopunctata f. plumosa Serène, 1984: 121 (key), 122(key), pl. 16C. Material examined. NMV J46922, 1 male (Cb= 29.1 mm, Cl= 19.7 mm), northern Australia, Arafura Sea, Survey SS 2012t 07 Stn 08 (acq. 204), 11°13.32–13.38'S, 134°45.12–45.12'E, 27.7–27.9 m, benthic sled, 17 Oct 2012; NMV J54546, 1 female (Cb= 27.2 mm, Cl= 18.1 mm), off Ningaloo North, SS10/2005 153, 21°59.17–59.79'S, 113°49.2–49.14'E, 165–166 m, beam trawl, 11 Dec 2005; NMV J61124, 1 ovigerous female (Cb= 11.9 mm, Cl= 8.5 mm), 1 female (Cb= 13.1 mm, Cl= 9.1 mm) north-western Australia, SS05/2007 188, 12°26.7–26.96'S, 123°36.05–36.59'E, 95– 95 m, beam trawl, 6 July 2007; NMV J17772, 2 females (Cb= 15.3–15.5 mm, Cl= 10.2–10.4 mm), Australia, Queensland, Tryon island (Capricorn Group) 23°14'S, 151°46'E, 1 m, Sep 1970. Colour in preservative. Carapace dark brown with orange lobes; medial lobe of subdivided 2M, top of 3M, 1P, and inside parts of 5L highlighted with dark orange granules. Ambulatory legs pale brown with patch of orange granules on the dorsomedial region of merus and propodus, beige ventrally. Chelipeds dark brown with orange and dark orange patches; fingers black. Abdomen beige with orange patches between segments. Remarks. Guinot (1969) described a number of “formes” of this species but only a few are currently considered valid subspecies. The Arafura sea specimen most closely resembles the subspecies P. rufopunctata plumosa as the cardiac region is not subdivided into 2 parts, and the black colouration of the fixed finger of the male chelipeds extends onto the palm (Guinot, 1976; Serene 1984). Specimens from Western Australia reported as Paractea rufopunctata (see Poore et. al. 2008) also fit the description of P. rufopunctata plumosa. Distribution. Indo-Pacific Oceans including northern Australia (Guinot, 1976; Sakai, 1976; Serène, 1984). Depth range: shallow waters– 130 m., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on page 2, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Guinot, D., 1969. Sur divers Xanthidae notament sur Actaea de Haan et Paractaea gen. nov. (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura). Cahiers du Pacifique, 13: 223 - 267, figs 1 - 36.","Muraoka, K., 1998. Catalogue of the Brachyuran and Anomuran Crabs donated by Prof. Dr. Tune Sakai to the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum. Catalogue of the Collection in the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, 11: 5 - 67, pls 1 - 16.","Serene, R., 1984. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'Ocean Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge, Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par Crosnier (A): Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune Tropicale, no. XXIV: 1 - 349, figs A-C + 1 - 243, pls 1 - 48. (Translated into English by R. W. Ingle).","Guinot, D., 1976. Constitution de quelques groupes naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures. I. La superfamille des Bellioidea et trois sous-familles de Xanthoidae (Polydectinae Dana, Trichiinae De Haan, Actaeinae Alcock). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, ser. A (Zoologie) 97: 1 - 308, pls 301 - 319."]}

Lophozozymus dodone (Herbst, 1801) (Figure 1H) Cancer dodone Herbst, 1801: 37, pl. 52, fig. 5. Xantho radiatus Milne-Edwards H., 1834: 398. Xantho lamelligera White, 1848: 225. Atergatis lateralis White, 1848: 225.— Adams & White, 1848: 39, pl. 8, fig. 1. Xantho nitidus Dana, 1852a: 74.— Dana, 1852b: 166.— Dana, 1855: pl. 8, fig. 4a-b. Atergatis elegans Heller, 1862: 519.— Heller, 1865: 7, pl. 1, fig. 3. Lophozozymus radiatus Milne-Edwards A., 1873: 206 (part). Lophozozymus dodone Hilgendorf, 1879: 789 (nomen nudum).— Miers, 1884: 517, 527.— Henderson, 1893: 361.— Ortmann, 1893: 457.— Ortmann, 1894b: 50.— Alcock, 1898: 108.— Calman, 1900: 6.— Borradaile, 1902: 361.— Laurie, 1906: 399.— Rathbun, 1907: 39.— Rathbun, 1911: 214.— Bouvier, 1915: 289.— Odhner, 1925: 82.— Balss, 1938a: 39.— Ward, 1942: 85.— Tweedie, 1950: 115.— Barnard, 1950: 218, fig. 39f, g.— Buitendijk, 1960: 294, fig. 7b.— Edmondson, 1962: 230, fig. 3f. — Michel, 1964: 27.— Sakai, 1965a: 45, pl. 6, fig. 6.— Sankarankutty, 1966: 50.— Guinot, 1967: 266.— Garth, 1973: 319.— Sakai, 1976: 407, pl. 146, fig. 2.— Serène, 1977: 50.— Guinot, 1979: 64, pl. 8, fig. 1-1a.— Kensley, 1981: 44.— Serène, 1984: 168 (key), 169 (key), 170, pl. 24E.—Sakai K., 1999: 34, pl. 18B. — Davie, 2002: 543. Lophozozymus Dodone. — de Man, 1887: 270, pl. 10, fig. 2. Not Lophozozymus dodone — Rathbun, 1906: 846, pl. 8, figs 2, 2a.= Lophozozymus rathbunae Ward, 1942. Not Lophozozymus dodone — Forest & Guinot, 1961: 54, fig. 39.= Lophozozymus glaber Ortmann, 1893. Material examined. NMV J46931, 1 male, Cb= 16.7 mm, Cl= 10.4 mm (acq. 20921) Survey SOL5650, Stn 063 BS020, 11°23.83'–23.81'S, 126°54.49'–54.46'E, 88– 85 m, Benthic sled, 01/10/2012. Colour in preservative. Front and anterolateral margins of carapace beige, with remnants brownish orange Ambulatory legs pale orange, patches of 3 R and 1P and 6L beige. Chelipeds pale orange in dorsal view and beige in ventral view with black fingers. Abdomen beige with segments 1 and 2 brownish orange. Remarks: Widely distributed in tropical Australia, L. dodone is distinctive in the genus by its rugosities and punctuations on the carpus and external face of the cheliped palm of the male (Serène, 1984). Lophozozymus dodone was compared with images available of specimens collected from the central Pacific (Legall and Poupin, accessed 2013) and it seems that L. dodone can have different colour patterns also in life, varying from the carapace being dark brown with the front and anterolateral margins beige to the carapace being vivid red with anterolateral margins white, differing also in the amount of white/beige on the front and anterolateral margins, sometimes with white patches that can extend until the second half of the carapace. Lophozozymus dodone was previously only known from shallow waters (7–8 m) but is recorded here from a depth of 88 m. Distribution. Hawaii, Tahiti, Fiji, Cocos-Keeling, South Africa, Japan (Amami Group and Ishigaki Island), Andaman Sea, and Australia (Northern Australia) (Sakai, 1976) Depth range 7– 88 m., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on page 6, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Herbst, J. F. W., 1801. Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse nebst einer systematischen Beschreibung ihrer verschiedenen Arten, 3 (2): 1 - 46, pls 51 - 54.","White, A., 1848. Short Descriptions of new or little-known Decapod Crustacea. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 15 (pt. 15, no. 79) (1847): 222 - 228, 2 figs.","Adams, A. and A. White, 1848. Crustacea. Part 1. In: A. Adams (ed.), The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Samarang, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, during the years 1843 - 1846, 1 - 32, pls 1 - 6. Benham & Reeve, London.","Dana, J. D., 1852 a. Conspectus Crustaceorum, etc., Conspectus of the Crustacea of the Exploring Expedition under Capt. C. Wilkes, U. S. N., including the Paguridea, continued, the Megalopidea, and the Macroura. Paguridea, continued, and subtribe Megalopidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 6: 73 - 86 (or 6 - 28).","Dana, J. D., 1852 b. Crustacea. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N., 13 (pt. 1): i-viii, 1 - 685, pl. 8.","Dana, J. D., 1855. Crustacea. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N., 14 (Atlas): 1 - 27, pls 1 - 96.","Heller, C., 1862. Neue Crustaceen, gesammelt wahrend der Weltumseglung der k. k. Fregatte Novara. Zweiter vorlaufiger Bericht. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen zoologischbotanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 12: 519 - 528.","Heller, C., 1865. Die Crustaceen. 1. In: Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857 - 1859 under den Befehlen des Commodors B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair, Zoologischer Theil, 2 (pt. 3): 1 - 280, pls 1 - 25.","Hilgendorf, F., 1879. Die von Hrn. W. Peters in Mocambique gesammelten Crustaceen. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Physikalischmathematische Klasse 1878: 782 - 851, 732 pls.","Miers, E. J., 1884. Crustacea (Brachyura). In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. Alert 1881 - 1882. Part I. The collections from Melanesia. Part II. The collections from the Western Indian Ocean. British Museum (Natural History), London, 8 (2): 513 - 575, pls 46 - 52.","Henderson, J. R., 1893. A contribution to Indian Carcinology. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, (series 2, Zoology) 5 (1): 325 - 458, pls 36 - 40.","Ortmann, A. E., 1893. Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der von Herrn Dr. Doderlein bei Japan und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesammelten und zur zeit im Strassburger Museum aufbewahrten Formen. Theil VII. Abteilung Brachyura (Brachyura genuina Boas), II. Unterabteilung: Cancroidea, 2. Section: Cancrinea, 1. Gruppe: Cyclometopa. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 7: 411 - 495, pl. 17.","Ortmann, A. E., 1894 b. Decapoden. In: R. Semon (ed.), Zoologische Forschungsreisen in Australien und dem Malayischen Archipel ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1891 - 93. V. Denkschriften der medizinisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, Jena, 8: 1 - 80, pls 1 - 13.","Alcock, A. W., 1898. Materials for a carcinological fauna of India. No. 3. The Brachyura Cyclometopa. Part 1. The Family Xanthidae. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 67, part 2 (1): 67 - 233.","Calman, W. T., 1900. On a collection of Brachyura from Torres Straits. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, (Zool.), (2) 8 (1): 1 - 50, pls 1 - 3. [1900 / IX]","Borradaile, L. A., 1902. Marine Crustaceans. III. The Xanthidae and some other crabs. In: J. S. Gardiner (ed.), The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, being the Account of the Work carried on and the Collections made by an Expedition during the years 1899 - 1900. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, (Zoology), 1 (3): 237 - 271, figs 41 - 60. Cambridge University Press.","Laurie, R. D., 1906. Report on the Brachyura collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: W. A. Herdman, Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar with supplementary reports upon the Marine Biology of Ceylon by other Naturalists, part 5, suppl. Rep. 40: 349 - 432, figs 1 - 12, pls 1 - 2.","Rathbun, M. J., 1907. Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross, from August, 1899 to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U. S. N., commanding - IX. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904 to March, 1905, lieut. - commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding - X. The Brachyura. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (2): 23 - 74, pls 1 - 9.","Rathbun, M. J., 1911. Marine Brachyura. In: The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the Leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. III, part II, No. XI. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, (Zool.), (2) 14 (2): 191 - 261, figs 1 - 2, pls 15 - 20.","Bouvier, E. L., 1915. Decapodes marcheurs (Reptantia) et Stomatopodes recueillis a l'ile Maurice par M. Paul Carie. Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, ser. 7, 48 (3): 178 - 318 (1 - 141), figs 1 - 42, pls 4 - 7. [1915 / V]","Odhner, T., 1925. Monographierte Gattungen der Krabben-familie Xanthidae. I. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, (4) 29 (1): 1 - 92, figs 1 - 7, pls 1 - 5.","Balss, H., 1938 a. Die Dekapoda Brachyura von Dr. Sixten Bock's Pazifik Expedition 1917 - 1918. Goteborges Kungliga Vetenskapsoch Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, Ser. B, 5 (7): 1 - 85, figs 1 - 18, pls 1 - 2.","Ward, M., 1942. Notes on the Crustacea of the Desjardins Museum, Mauritius Institute, with descriptions of new genera and species. Bulletin of the Mauritius Institute, Port Louis, 2 (2): 49 - 113, pls 5 - 6.","Tweedie, M. W. F., 1950. The fauna of the Cocos-Keeling Islands. Brachyura and Stomatopoda. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, Singapore, 22: 105 - 148, figs 1 - 4, pls 16 - 17.","Barnard, K. H., 1950. Descriptive catalogue of South African Decapod Crustacea (Crabs and Shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38: 1 - 837, figs 1 - 154.","Buitendijk, A. M., 1960. Biological results of the Snellius Expedition XXI. Brachyura of the families Atelecyclidae and Xanthidae (Part I). Temminckia 5: 252 - 338.","Edmondson, C. H., 1962. Xanthidae of Hawaii. Occasional Papers of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, 22 (13): 215 - 309, figs 1 - 34.","Michel, C., 1964. Checklist of the Crustacea Brachyura (Crabs) recorded from Mauritius. Mauritius Institute Bulletin, 6 (1): 1 - 48.","Sakai, T., 1965 a. Notes from the Carcinological Fauna of Japan. (II). Researches on Crustacea, 2: 37 - 46, figs 1 - 2, pls 5 - 6, frontispieces 2 - 3. (In Japanese and English).","Sankarankutty, C., 1966. On Brachyura collected during cruise of U. S. Research Vessel Anton Bruun. Journal of the zoological Society of India, Calcutta, 16 (1 - 2): 48 - 52, figs 1 - 2.","Guinot, D., 1967. La faune carcinologique (Crustacea Brachyura) de l'Ocean Indien Occidental et de la Mer Rouge: Catalogue, remarques biogeographiques et bibliographiques. In: Reunion de Specialistes C. S. A. sur les Crustaces, Zanzibar 1964. Memoires de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 77 (1966): 235 - 352, pls 1 - 26, 1 table.","Garth, J. S., 1973. The brachyuran crabs of Easter Island. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 39 (17): 311 - 336, figs 1 - 6.","Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Serene, R., 1977. Crustaces hippides et brachyoures des iles Sechelles (1 ere partie). Revue de Zoologie Africaine, Tervuren, 91 (1): 45 - 68, figs 1 - 38.","Guinot, D., 1979. Donnees nouvelles sur la morphologie, la phylogenese et la taxonomie des Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, (Zoologie), 112: 1 - 354, figs 1 - 70, pls 1 - 27, 5 tables.","Kensley, B., 1981. On the zoogeography of southern African decapod Crustacea, with a distributional checklist of the species. Smithsonian Contribution to Zoology, 338: 1 - 64, figs 1 - 4, tables 1 - 2.","Serene, R., 1984. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'Ocean Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge, Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par Crosnier (A): Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune Tropicale, no. XXIV: 1 - 349, figs A-C + 1 - 243, pls 1 - 48. (Translated into English by R. W. Ingle).","Davie, P. J. F., 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda - Anomura, Brachyura. Vol. 19.3 B. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne. xiv, 641 pp.","Man, J. G. de, 1887. Bericht uber die von Herrn. Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 53 (1): 215 - 288, pls 7 - 10.","Rathbun, M. J., 1906. The Brachyura and Macrura of the Hawaiian Islands. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3): i-viii, 827 - 930, figs 1 - 79, pls 1 - 24.","Forest, J., and D. Guinot, 1961. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de Tahiti et des Tuamotu. In: Expedition francaise sur les recifs coralliens de la Nouvelle Caledonie. Vol. Preliminaire: i-xi, 1 - 195, figs 1 - 178, pls 1 - 18, 7 maps, tables 1 - 3. Editions de la Fondation Singer-Polignac."]}

Actaeodes mutatus Guinot 1976 (Figure 1A) Actaea areolata Dana, 1852b: 162.— Dana, 1855: pl. 8 fig. 1.—A. Milne Edwards, 1865: 264 (not Actaeodes areolatus Dana, 1852a: 77). Actaea areolata? Miers, 1884: 209.—Rathbun, 1924: 16. Actaeodes areolatus; Guinot, 1967: 561.— Sakai, 1976: 449. Actaeodes mutatus Guinot, 1976: 247.— Serène, 1984: 133 (key) 134 (key).— Morgan, 1990: 41.— Davie, 2002: 513. Material examined. NMV J46921, 1 female (Cb = 18.1 mm, Cl = 11.5 mm), northern Australia, Arafura Sea, Survey SS 2012t 07 Stn 12 (acq. 272), 10°57.76–57.79'S, 136°48.03–48.03'E, 60.6–62.8 m, benthic sled, 18 Oct 2012. Colour in preservative. Carapace reddish brown with orange granules on the lobes. Ambulatory legs brown with beige setae. Chelipeds reddish brown with orange granules on the lobes dorsally, and beige ventrally, fingers black. Abdomen brown with beige setae. Remarks. Acteodes mutatus occurs across tropical Australia and the Indo-West Pacific. It is similar to Acteodes semoni (Ortmann, 1894) but can be distinguished by the basal antennal segment which fills the orbital hiatus that is normally open, whereas in A. semoni the basal antennal segment is excluded from the orbit. Another character used to define A. mutatus is the subdivision of 3M into three parts. In our specimen this subdivision is not well defined. However, it is likely this character is variable within the species. Distribution. Indo-west Pacific (Mergui Archipelago, to southern Japan, and east to French Polynesia) (Davie, 2002)., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on page 2, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Guinot, D., 1976. Constitution de quelques groupes naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures. I. La superfamille des Bellioidea et trois sous-familles de Xanthoidae (Polydectinae Dana, Trichiinae De Haan, Actaeinae Alcock). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, ser. A (Zoologie) 97: 1 - 308, pls 301 - 319.","Dana, J. D., 1852 b. Crustacea. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N., 13 (pt. 1): i-viii, 1 - 685, pl. 8.","Dana, J. D., 1855. Crustacea. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N., 14 (Atlas): 1 - 27, pls 1 - 96.","Dana, J. D., 1852 a. Conspectus Crustaceorum, etc., Conspectus of the Crustacea of the Exploring Expedition under Capt. C. Wilkes, U. S. N., including the Paguridea, continued, the Megalopidea, and the Macroura. Paguridea, continued, and subtribe Megalopidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 6: 73 - 86 (or 6 - 28).","Miers, E. J., 1884. Crustacea (Brachyura). In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. Alert 1881 - 1882. Part I. The collections from Melanesia. Part II. The collections from the Western Indian Ocean. British Museum (Natural History), London, 8 (2): 513 - 575, pls 46 - 52.","Guinot, D., 1967. La faune carcinologique (Crustacea Brachyura) de l'Ocean Indien Occidental et de la Mer Rouge: Catalogue, remarques biogeographiques et bibliographiques. In: Reunion de Specialistes C. S. A. sur les Crustaces, Zanzibar 1964. Memoires de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 77 (1966): 235 - 352, pls 1 - 26, 1 table.","Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Serene, R., 1984. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'Ocean Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge, Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par Crosnier (A): Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune Tropicale, no. XXIV: 1 - 349, figs A-C + 1 - 243, pls 1 - 48. (Translated into English by R. W. Ingle).","Morgan, G. J. 1990. A collection of Thalassinidea, Anomura and Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Kimberley region of northwestern Australia. Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum.","Davie, P. J. F., 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda - Anomura, Brachyura. Vol. 19.3 B. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne. xiv, 641 pp."]}

Liomera margaritata (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873) (Figure 1E) Carpilodes margaritatus Milne-Edwards A., 1873: 182, pl. 5, fig. 2.— Henderson, 1893: 353. — Whitelegge, 1897: 131.— Alcock, 1898: 85.— Odhner, 1925: 24, pl. 2, fig. 4.— Gravely, 1927: 146, pl. 21, fig. 26. —de Man, 1929a: 1. —de Man, 1929b: 2.— Chopra & Das, 1937: 395, fig. 5.— Sakai, 1939: 476, fig. 36.— Lin, 1949: 22.— Serène & Luom, 1960: 174, 178(key), 185, fig. 2F, pl. 2D.— Buitendijk, 1960: 261, fig. 3b.— McNeill, 1968: 74. Liomera margaritata. — Sakai, 1965b: 144, pl. 72, fig. 3.— Guinot, 1967: 266. — Serène, 1968: 72. — Sakai, 1976: 396, fig. 211. — Dai & Yang, 1991: 271, fig. 145 (2), pl. 34 (2).— Yu et al., 1996. — Jeng, 1997.— Davie, 2002: 543. Liomera (Liomera) margaritata. — Serène, 1984:63, fig.23, pl. 7A. Chlorodius exiguus Targioni Tozzetti, 1877: 48, pl. 4, figs 1-5, 9.— Odhner, 1925: pl. 5, figs 8, 8a. Carpilodes striatus de Man, 1887: 232, pl. 8, fig. 1. Carpilodes ruber. — Ortmann, 1893: 468. (not A. Milne Edwards, 1865) Carpilodes diodoreus Nobili, 1906a: 403.— Nobili, 1906b: 216, pl. 10, fig. 9.— Klunzinger, 1913: 138. Not Carpilodes rugipes (Heller, 1861).—Rathbun, 1910: 351. Not Carpilodes margaritatus. — Lanchester, 1900 b: 731. = aff. Atergatopsis amoyensis de Man, 1879. Material examined. NMV J46928, 1 male, Cb= 16.3 mm, Cl= 9.8 mm (acq. 292) Survey SS 2012t 07, Stn 11, 10°57.66'–57.73'S, 136°47.68'– 47.94'E, 108.8– 92.8 m, Benthic sled, 18/10/2012. NMV J10923, 1 female, Cb= 9.1 mm, Cl= 5.7 mm, Australia, Queensland, Dingo Beach. Coll. 08/08/1971. Comparative material examined. QM W36046, 1 male, Cb= 14.6 mm, Cl= 9.4 mm, Great Barrier Reef Seabed Diversity Survey. Site id: 2731: 22°2.7'S, 150°36.3'N, 53.4 m, RV Lady Basten, 23/09/2004; QM W37911, 1 male, Cb= 21.6 mm, Cl= 13.4 mm, Site id: 2126: 22°59.7'S, 149°58.5'N, 52.9 m, RV Lady Basten, 29/09/2004. Colour in life. Carapace orange with white anterolateral margins, 1P, 2P and 3R white. Ambulatory legs orange. Chelipeds orange dorsally and white ventrally with dark brown fingers. Abdomen white (Fig. 5). Colour in preservative. Carapace pale orange with white anterolateral margins, 1P, 2P and 3R white. Ambulatory legs light orange. Chelipeds orange dorsally and white ventrally with dark brown fingers. Abdomen white. Remarks. Within the genus Liomera, this species is characterised by a completely divided 2M region, which makes it similar to, Liomera monticulosa (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), Liomera rugipes (Heller, 1861), and Liomera rubra (A. Milne-Edwards, 1865). It differs from the latter three species, which have 1M separated from the interior part of 2M. Serene (1984) describes L. margaritata with well-defined regions 4L, 5L, and 6L, but in our specimens these regions are fused and not well defined. Also, colour in live specimens are different, described as uniformly pale violet by Serene (1984), while our specimens are orange colour with white anterolateral margins. As the G1 morphology agrees well with illustrations of L. margaritata provided by Serene (1984), we conclude that the variation described above is likely to be intra-specific. Distribution. Queensland (Great Barrier Reef, NE coast); Indo-west central Pacific Oceans (Madagascar and Red Sea to Japan, New Guinea, Samoa, New Caledonia). Depth range subtidal– 107 m., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on page 5, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Milne-Edwards, A., 1873. Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Part II. Groupe des Cyclometopes Portuniens. Nouvelles archives du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9: 155 - 332, pls 4 - 18.","Henderson, J. R., 1893. A contribution to Indian Carcinology. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, (series 2, Zoology) 5 (1): 325 - 458, pls 36 - 40.","Whitelegge, T., 1897. The Crustacea of Funafuti. In: The Atoll of Funafuti, Ellice Group: its Zoology, Botany, Ethnology, and General Structure based on Collections made by Mr. Charles Hedley, of the Australian Museum, Sydney, N. S. W. Australian Museum Memoirs, 3 (2): 125 - 151, pls 6 - 7.","Alcock, A. W., 1898. Materials for a carcinological fauna of India. No. 3. The Brachyura Cyclometopa. Part 1. The Family Xanthidae. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 67, part 2 (1): 67 - 233.","Odhner, T., 1925. Monographierte Gattungen der Krabben-familie Xanthidae. I. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, (4) 29 (1): 1 - 92, figs 1 - 7, pls 1 - 5.","Gravely, F. J., 1927. Decapoda (excl. Paguridea) and Stomatopoda. In: The littoral fauna of the Krusadai Island in the Gulf of Manaar with Appendices on the Vertebrates and Plants. Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum, 1 (1): 135 - 155, figs 1 - 2, pls 19 - 26.","Man, J. G. de, 1929 a. Decapoda and Stomatopoda from Pulau Berhala. Misc. Zool. Sumatra, Medan, 36: 1 - 3.","Man, J. G. de, 1929 b. On a collection of Decapod and Stomatopod Crustacea from Pulau Berhala, an islet situated in the Straits of Malacca. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 26: 1 - 26, pls 1 - 3.","Chopra, B. N. & K. N. Das, 1937. Further notes on Crustacea Decapoda in the Indian Museum. IX. On three collections of crabs from Tavoy and Mergui Archipelago. Record of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 39 (4): 377 - 434, figs 1 - 21, pl. 6.","Sakai, T., 1939. Studies on the crabs of Japan. IV. Brachygnatha, Brachyrhyncha, pp. 365 - 741, figs 1 - 129, pls 42 - 111, table 1. Yokendo Co., Tokyo.","Lin, C. C., 1949. A catalogue of Brachyurous Crustacea of Taiwan. Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 2 (1): 10 - 33.","Serene, R., and N. V. Luom, 1960. Les especes de Carpilodes (Bachyura-Xanthidae) du Viet-Nam. Annales de la Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Saigon, 1960: 173 - 187, figs 1 - 2, pls 1 - 2.","Buitendijk, A. M., 1960. Biological results of the Snellius Expedition XXI. Brachyura of the families Atelecyclidae and Xanthidae (Part I). Temminckia 5: 252 - 338.","McNeill, F. A., 1968. Crustacea, Decapoda and Stomatopoda. Scientific Reports Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928 - 29, 7 (1): 1 - 98, figs 1 - 2, pls 1 - 2.","Sakai, T., 1965 b. The Crabs of Sagami Bay, collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, i-xvi, 1 - 206 (English text), figs 1 - 27, pls 1 - 100: 1 - 92 (Japanese text): 1 - 26 (references and index in English): 27 - 32 (index in Japanese), 1 map. Maruzen Co., Tokyo.","Guinot, D., 1967. La faune carcinologique (Crustacea Brachyura) de l'Ocean Indien Occidental et de la Mer Rouge: Catalogue, remarques biogeographiques et bibliographiques. In: Reunion de Specialistes C. S. A. sur les Crustaces, Zanzibar 1964. Memoires de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 77 (1966): 235 - 352, pls 1 - 26, 1 table.","Serene, R., 1968. The Brachyura of the Indo-West Pacific region. In: Prodromus for a check list of the non-planctonic marine fauna of South East Asia. UNESCO Singapore National Academy of Sciences, Special publication No. 1, Fauna IIIC 3: 33 - 112.","Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Dai, A. & S. Yang, 1991. Crabs of the China Seas, i-iv, 1 - 608, figs 1 - 295, pls 1 - 74. China Ocean Press, Beijing and Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, English edition. (Translation from Chinese original 1986.)","Yu, H. - P., M. - S. Jeng, T. - Y. Chan, P. - H. Ho & J. - Y. Shy, 1996. Studies on the land and aquatic decapod crustacean fauna of the Kenting National Park. ii + 79 pp. Ministry of the Interior, Taipei. (in Chinese with English abstract)","Jeng, M. - S, 1997. Studies on the land and aquatic decapod crustacean fauna of the Kenting National Park (II) Communities of decapod crustaceans around the sea. ii + 66 pp. Ministry of the Interior, Taipei.","Davie, P. J. F., 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda - Anomura, Brachyura. Vol. 19.3 B. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne. xiv, 641 pp.","Serene, R., 1984. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'Ocean Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge, Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par Crosnier (A): Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune Tropicale, no. XXIV: 1 - 349, figs A-C + 1 - 243, pls 1 - 48. (Translated into English by R. W. Ingle).","Targioni Tozzetti, A., 1877. Crostacei Brachyuri e Anomuri. In: Zoologia del viaggio intorno al Globo della R. Pirocorvetta Magenta durante gli anni 1865 - 1868. Pubblicazioni del R. Istituto di Studi superiore pratici e di Perfezionamento in Firenze. Sezione di Scienze fisiche e naturali, 1: i-xxix, 1 - 257, pls 1 - 12.","Man, J. G. de, 1887. Bericht uber die von Herrn. Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 53 (1): 215 - 288, pls 7 - 10.","Ortmann, A. E., 1893. Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der von Herrn Dr. Doderlein bei Japan und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesammelten und zur zeit im Strassburger Museum aufbewahrten Formen. Theil VII. Abteilung Brachyura (Brachyura genuina Boas), II. Unterabteilung: Cancroidea, 2. Section: Cancrinea, 1. Gruppe: Cyclometopa. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 7: 411 - 495, pl. 17.","Nobili, G., 1906 a. 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Euxanthus sp. (Figures 1C, 2A–F) Material examined. NMV J46923, 1 juvenile male (Cb= 7.9 mm, Cl= 5.6 mm), northern Australia, Timor Sea, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve, Survey SOL5650 station unknown (acq. 20052), 12 Sep–6 Oct 2012. Description. Carapace (Figs. 2A; 2B) about 1.4 times as broad as long, regions well defined, convex, strongly areolated, smooth; 2M entirely divided longitudinally; 3M and 3L distinct, entire; 1L indistinct; 4M fused with 3M; 4L merging with third anterolateral tooth; 2L partially divided transversely with shallow groove on medial margin; 2P distinct; 1R separated from 2R by indistinct transverse granular ridge, 2R, 3R indistinct. Pterygostomial region setose, tuberculate. Front (Fig. 2C) about 0.3 times carapace width, bilobed, distinctly produced beyond internal orbital angle; lobes separated by V-shaped cleft, which continues on frontal region as shallow groove. Supraorbital margin indistinctly granular, with no clear external orbital tooth. Orbits relatively small, width about 0.2 times carapace width. Eyes with short stalks, smooth; corneas well developed. Anterolateral margin with 4 broadly triangular teeth: first rounded, apices of third tooth at the point of maximum carapace width. Posterolateral margin concave, convergent posteriorly. Median part of posterior carapace margin almost straight. Antennules folding transversely. Basal antennal segment large, smooth, subrectangular, occupying entire space between antennular fossa, internal orbital angle, filling orbital hiatus; flagellum arising from distal margin, not reaching outer edge of orbit. Posterior margin of epistome with median projection. Outer surface of third maxillipeds smooth (Fig. 2D). Merus subquadrate, median length about half that of ischium, with 2 shallow depressions on either side of low, submedian, smooth ridge. Margins smooth, anterior, internal and external margins slightly concave. Ischium subrectangular, inner margin with short, stiff setae; with shallow, longitudinal submedian groove. Exopod smooth, tapering toward distal end, falling short of anterior edge of merus; flagellum long. Surface of thoracic sternum smooth, anterior region elongate. Sternites 1–2 completely fused to form triangular plate. Sternites 3–4 completely fused, with suture visible at sternite edges and represented by a transverse furrow; sternite 4 with oblique depression on either side of median. Intersternal sutures depressed, giving sternites 5–7 a raised appearance. Sterno-abdominal cavity deep; anterior limit reaching to imaginary line joining posterior edges of cheliped coxae; tubercle for abdominal locking mechanism on sternite 5 slightly nearer to suture with sternite 4. Chelipeds similar, subequal. Fingers (Fig. 2F) shorter than palm, cutting edges with 4 teeth, brown, tips pointed. Dactylus slightly curved, with 3 granulate ridges and deep submarginal groove along length, stiff short setae on upper margin. Fixed finger slightly deflexed with 3 smooth ridges and broad submarginal groove continuing from palm. Palm outer surface with 4 large nodules, with 2 irregular rows of granules near convex proximal-lower margin; inner surface relatively smooth. Carpus short, dorsal and ventral surface smooth, outer surface with 2 prominent round expansions, upper margin with 2 small nodules. Inner surface of fingers, palm and carpus coapted against pterygostomial/hepatic region of carapace. Merus rugose, ventral surface tuberculose, slightly longer than carpus, with rectangular, ventro-distal tooth apposed against carpus. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 2E) smooth, edges with setae; second leg longest, coxa-to-dactylus length about 0.8 times carapace width. Merus subrectangular and flattened in crosssection. Dorsal surface of carpus with one large nodule and serrated anterior edge. Propodus subquadrate, with two smaller nodules on the dorsal surface, short setae; terminates distally in curved chitinous claw. External surface of male abdomen, telson smooth. Abdominal somites 1–2 subtrapezoidal, with two shallow longitudinal grooves on either side of central raised region. Somites 3–5 immovably fused, with a transverse depression between somites 3 and 4; lateral margins slightly concave. Somite 6 quadrangular, central region slightly raised, lateral margins slightly concave. Telson subtriangular with rounded tip, lateral margins relatively straight, median length about 0.7 times basal width, about 0.7 times shorter than penultimate somite. G1 not observable, G2 very reduced in size, without setae or spines. Colour in preservative. Carapace pale rose with pale orange patches in lateral part of 5L, 1R, bottom of 4M, medial part of 2M and 2L, and the anterolateral edges of anterolateral teeth; ambulatory legs, chelipeds and abdomen pale rose. Remarks. As the material described herein is limited to a single small juvenile male, we hesitate to describe it as a new species at this stage. Euxanthus sp. is similar to Euxanthus ruali Guinot, 1971 and Euxanthus herdmani Laurie, 1906 which both have four teeth on the anterolateral margin of the carapace and a smooth dorsal surface. The material is most similar to E. herdmani described from the Philippines (see figure 1D, Mendoza and Ng, 2010), but can be distinguished by: the carapace shape which is narrower in E. herdmani (Cb/Cl holotype = 1.33) than Euxanthus sp. (Cb/Cl= 1.41); anterolateral teeth that are acute and noticeably larger in Euxanthus sp. than E. herdmani; the frontal part of the carapace, in which the frontal and orbital lobes are of similar size in E. herdmani, while in Euxanthus sp. the frontal lobes are distinctly larger than the orbital lobes. Euxanthus sp. can be distinguished from E. ruali from New Caledonia and Japan, by the anterolateral teeth which are unequal in size (last two larger) in E. ruali, and subequal in Euxanthus sp., Published as part of Iwasa-Arai, Tammy, McCallum, Anna W. & Taylor, Joanne, 2015, Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve survey reveals new records of xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from northern Australia, pp. 1-11 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73 on pages 2-4, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8065118, {"references":["Guinot, D., 1976. Constitution de quelques groupes naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures. I. La superfamille des Bellioidea et trois sous-familles de Xanthoidae (Polydectinae Dana, Trichiinae De Haan, Actaeinae Alcock). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, ser. A (Zoologie) 97: 1 - 308, pls 301 - 319.","Sakai, T., 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1 - 773, figs 1 - 379, (2) Plates volume: 1 - 16, pls 1 - 251, (3) Japanese text: 1 - 461, figs 1 - 2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.","Kossmann, R., 1877. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in die kustengebiete des Rothen Meeres. Malacostraca. 1. Theil: Brachyura. Leipzig, W. Engelmann: 1 - 66, pls 1 - 3.","Herbst, J. F. W., 1801. Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse nebst einer systematischen Beschreibung ihrer verschiedenen Arten, 3 (2): 1 - 46, pls 51 - 54.","Guinot, D., 1971. Recherches preliminaires sur les groupements naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures. VIII. Synthese et bibliographie. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle Paris, Deuxieme Serie 42: 1063 - 1090.","Laurie, R. D., 1906. Report on the Brachyura collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: W. A. Herdman, Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar with supplementary reports upon the Marine Biology of Ceylon by other Naturalists, part 5, suppl. Rep. 40: 349 - 432, figs 1 - 12, pls 1 - 2."]}