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2. Hydroflux-Controlled Growth of Magnetic K-Cu-Te-O(H) Phases

Author

Iwanicki, Allana G., Wilfong, Brandon, Zoghlin, Eli, Bunstine, Wyatt, Siegler, Maxime A., and McQueen, Tyrel M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Innovative synthetic approaches can yield new phases containing novel structural and magnetic motifs. In this work, we show the synthesis and magnetic characterization of three new and one previously reported layered phase in the K-Cu-Te-O(H) phase space using a tunable hydroflux technique. The hydroflux, with a roughly equal molar ratio of water and alkali hydroxide, is a highly oxidizing, low melting solvent which can be used to isolate metastable phases unattainable through traditional solid state or flux techniques. The newly synthesized phases, K$_{2}$Cu$_{2}$TeO$_{6}$, K$_{2}$Cu$_{2}$TeO$_{6}$ $\cdot$ H$_{2}$O, and K$_{6}$Cu$_{9}$Te$_{4}$O$_{24}$ $\cdot$ 2 H$_{2}$O, contain Cu$^{2+}$ within CuO$_{4}$ square planar plaquettes and TeO$_{6}$ octahedra ordering to form structural honeycomb layers isolated by interlayer K$^{+}$ ions and H$_{2}$O molecules. We find the synthesized structures display varying tilt sequences of the CuO$_{4}$ plaquettes, leading to distinct Cu$^{2+}$ magnetic motifs on the structural honeycomb lattice and a range of effective magnetic dimensionalities. We find that K$_{2}$Cu$_{2}$TeO$_{6}$ $\cdot$ H$_{2}$O does not order and displays alternating chain Heisenberg antiferromagnetic (AFM) behavior, while K$_{2}$Cu$_{2}$TeO$_{6}$ and K$_{6}$Cu$_{9}$Te$_{4}$O$_{24}$ $\cdot$ 2 H$_{2}$O order antiferromagnetically (T$_{N}$ = 100 K and T$_{N}$ = 6.5 K respectively). The previously known phase, K$_{2}$CuTeO$_{4}$(OH)$_{2}$ $\cdot$ H$_{2}$O, we find contains structurally and magnetically one-dimensional CuO$_{4}$ plaquettes leading to uniform chain Heisenberg AFM behavior and shows no magnetic order down to T = 0.4 K. We discuss and highlight the usefulness of the hydroflux technique in novel syntheses and the interesting magnetic motifs that arise in these particular phases.

Published
2024

3. Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Author

Gemini Team, Georgiev, Petko, Lei, Ving Ian, Burnell, Ryan, Bai, Libin, Gulati, Anmol, Tanzer, Garrett, Vincent, Damien, Pan, Zhufeng, Wang, Shibo, Mariooryad, Soroosh, Ding, Yifan, Geng, Xinyang, Alcober, Fred, Frostig, Roy, Omernick, Mark, Walker, Lexi, Paduraru, Cosmin, Sorokin, Christina, Tacchetti, Andrea, Gaffney, Colin, Daruki, Samira, Sercinoglu, Olcan, Gleicher, Zach, Love, Juliette, Voigtlaender, Paul, Jain, Rohan, Surita, Gabriela, Mohamed, Kareem, Blevins, Rory, Ahn, Junwhan, Zhu, Tao, Kawintiranon, Kornraphop, Firat, Orhan, Gu, Yiming, Zhang, Yujing, Rahtz, Matthew, Faruqui, Manaal, Clay, Natalie, Gilmer, Justin, Co-Reyes, JD, Penchev, Ivo, Zhu, Rui, Morioka, Nobuyuki, Hui, Kevin, Haridasan, Krishna, Campos, Victor, Mahdieh, Mahdis, Guo, Mandy, Hassan, Samer, Kilgour, Kevin, Vezer, Arpi, Cheng, Heng-Tze, de Liedekerke, Raoul, Goyal, Siddharth, Barham, Paul, Strouse, DJ, Noury, Seb, Adler, Jonas, Sundararajan, Mukund, Vikram, Sharad, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Paganini, Michela, Garcia, Xavier, Yang, Fan, Valter, Dasha, Trebacz, Maja, Vodrahalli, Kiran, Asawaroengchai, Chulayuth, Ring, Roman, Kalb, Norbert, Soares, Livio Baldini, Brahma, Siddhartha, Steiner, David, Yu, Tianhe, Mentzer, Fabian, He, Antoine, Gonzalez, Lucas, Xu, Bibo, Kaufman, Raphael Lopez, Shafey, Laurent El, Oh, Junhyuk, Hennigan, Tom, Driessche, George van den, Odoom, Seth, Lucic, Mario, Roelofs, Becca, Lall, Sid, Marathe, Amit, Chan, Betty, Ontanon, Santiago, He, Luheng, Teplyashin, Denis, Lai, Jonathan, Crone, Phil, Damoc, Bogdan, Ho, Lewis, Riedel, Sebastian, Lenc, Karel, Yeh, Chih-Kuan, Chowdhery, Aakanksha, Xu, Yang, Kazemi, Mehran, Amid, Ehsan, Petrushkina, Anastasia, Swersky, Kevin, Khodaei, Ali, Chen, Gowoon, Larkin, Chris, Pinto, Mario, Yan, Geng, Badia, Adria Puigdomenech, Patil, Piyush, Hansen, Steven, Orr, Dave, Arnold, Sebastien M. R., Grimstad, Jordan, Dai, Andrew, Douglas, Sholto, Sinha, Rishika, Yadav, Vikas, Chen, Xi, Gribovskaya, Elena, Austin, Jacob, Zhao, Jeffrey, Patel, Kaushal, Komarek, Paul, Austin, Sophia, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Friso, Linda, Goyal, Abhimanyu, Caine, Ben, Cao, Kris, Chung, Da-Woon, Lamm, Matthew, Barth-Maron, Gabe, Kagohara, Thais, Olszewska, Kate, Chen, Mia, Shivakumar, Kaushik, Agarwal, Rishabh, Godhia, Harshal, Rajwar, Ravi, Snaider, Javier, Dotiwalla, Xerxes, Liu, Yuan, Barua, Aditya, Ungureanu, Victor, Zhang, Yuan, Batsaikhan, Bat-Orgil, Wirth, Mateo, Qin, James, Danihelka, Ivo, Doshi, Tulsee, Chadwick, Martin, Chen, Jilin, Jain, Sanil, Le, Quoc, Kar, Arjun, Gurumurthy, Madhu, Li, Cheng, Sang, Ruoxin, Liu, Fangyu, Lamprou, Lampros, Munoz, Rich, Lintz, Nathan, Mehta, Harsh, Howard, Heidi, Reynolds, Malcolm, Aroyo, Lora, Wang, Quan, Blanco, Lorenzo, Cassirer, Albin, Griffith, Jordan, Das, Dipanjan, Lee, Stephan, Sygnowski, Jakub, Fisher, Zach, Besley, James, Powell, Richard, Ahmed, 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Andreev, Alek, Samangooei, Sina, Khan, Mina, Kocisky, Tomas, Filos, Angelos, Kumar, Chintu, Bishop, Colton, Yu, Adams, Hodkinson, Sarah, Mittal, Sid, Shah, Premal, Moufarek, Alexandre, Cheng, Yong, Bloniarz, Adam, Lee, Jaehoon, Pejman, Pedram, Michel, Paul, Spencer, Stephen, Feinberg, Vladimir, Xiong, Xuehan, Savinov, Nikolay, Smith, Charlotte, Shakeri, Siamak, Tran, Dustin, Chesus, Mary, Bohnet, Bernd, Tucker, George, von Glehn, Tamara, Muir, Carrie, Mao, Yiran, Kazawa, Hideto, Slone, Ambrose, Soparkar, Kedar, Shrivastava, Disha, Cobon-Kerr, James, Sharman, Michael, Pavagadhi, Jay, Araya, Carlos, Misiunas, Karolis, Ghelani, Nimesh, Laskin, Michael, Barker, David, Li, Qiujia, Briukhov, Anton, Houlsby, Neil, Glaese, Mia, Lakshminarayanan, Balaji, Schucher, Nathan, Tang, Yunhao, Collins, Eli, Lim, Hyeontaek, Feng, Fangxiaoyu, Recasens, Adria, Lai, Guangda, Magni, Alberto, De Cao, Nicola, Siddhant, Aditya, Ashwood, Zoe, Orbay, Jordi, Dehghani, Mostafa, Brennan, Jenny, He, Yifan, Xu, Kelvin, Gao, Yang, Saroufim, Carl, Molloy, James, Wu, Xinyi, Arnold, Seb, Chang, Solomon, Schrittwieser, Julian, Buchatskaya, Elena, Radpour, Soroush, Polacek, Martin, Giordano, Skye, Bapna, Ankur, Tokumine, Simon, Hellendoorn, Vincent, Sottiaux, Thibault, Cogan, Sarah, Severyn, Aliaksei, Saleh, Mohammad, Thakoor, Shantanu, Shefey, Laurent, Qiao, Siyuan, Gaba, Meenu, Chang, Shuo-yiin, Swanson, Craig, Zhang, Biao, Lee, Benjamin, Rubenstein, Paul Kishan, Song, Gan, Kwiatkowski, Tom, Koop, Anna, Kannan, Ajay, Kao, David, Schuh, Parker, Stjerngren, Axel, Ghiasi, Golnaz, Gibson, Gena, Vilnis, Luke, Yuan, Ye, Ferreira, Felipe Tiengo, Kamath, Aishwarya, Klimenko, Ted, Franko, Ken, Xiao, Kefan, Bhattacharya, Indro, Patel, Miteyan, Wang, Rui, Morris, Alex, Strudel, Robin, Sharma, Vivek, Choy, Peter, Hashemi, Sayed Hadi, Landon, Jessica, Finkelstein, Mara, Jhakra, Priya, Frye, Justin, Barnes, Megan, Mauger, Matthew, Daun, Dennis, Baatarsukh, Khuslen, Tung, Matthew, Farhan, Wael, Michalewski, 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Neitz, Alexander, Heitkaemper, Jens, Sinha, Anu, Zhou, Denny, Sun, Yi, Kaed, Charbel, Hulse, Brice, Mishra, Swaroop, Georgaki, Maria, Kudugunta, Sneha, Farabet, Clement, Shafran, Izhak, Vlasic, Daniel, Tsitsulin, Anton, Ananthanarayanan, Rajagopal, Carin, Alen, Su, Guolong, Sun, Pei, V, Shashank, Carvajal, Gabriel, Broder, Josef, Comsa, Iulia, Repina, Alena, Wong, William, Chen, Warren Weilun, Hawkins, Peter, Filonov, Egor, Loher, Lucia, Hirnschall, Christoph, Wang, Weiyi, Ye, Jingchen, Burns, Andrea, Cate, Hardie, Wright, Diana Gage, Piccinini, Federico, Zhang, Lei, Lin, Chu-Cheng, Gog, Ionel, Kulizhskaya, Yana, Sreevatsa, Ashwin, Song, Shuang, Cobo, Luis C., Iyer, Anand, Tekur, Chetan, Garrido, Guillermo, Xiao, Zhuyun, Kemp, Rupert, Zheng, Huaixiu Steven, Li, Hui, Agarwal, Ananth, Ngani, Christel, Goshvadi, Kati, Santamaria-Fernandez, Rebeca, Fica, Wojciech, Chen, Xinyun, Gorgolewski, Chris, Sun, Sean, Garg, Roopal, Ye, Xinyu, Eslami, S. M. Ali, Hua, Nan, Simon, Jon, Joshi, Pratik, Kim, Yelin, Tenney, Ian, Potluri, Sahitya, Thiet, Lam Nguyen, Yuan, Quan, Luisier, Florian, Chronopoulou, Alexandra, Scellato, Salvatore, Srinivasan, Praveen, Chen, Minmin, Koverkathu, Vinod, Dalibard, Valentin, Xu, Yaming, Saeta, Brennan, Anderson, Keith, Sellam, Thibault, Fernando, Nick, Huot, Fantine, Jung, Junehyuk, Varadarajan, Mani, Quinn, Michael, Raul, Amit, Le, Maigo, Habalov, Ruslan, Clark, Jon, Jalan, Komal, Bullard, Kalesha, Singhal, Achintya, Luong, Thang, Wang, Boyu, Rajayogam, Sujeevan, Eisenschlos, Julian, Jia, Johnson, Finchelstein, Daniel, Yakubovich, Alex, Balle, Daniel, Fink, Michael, Agarwal, Sameer, Li, Jing, Dvijotham, Dj, Pal, Shalini, Kang, Kai, Konzelmann, Jaclyn, Beattie, Jennifer, Dousse, Olivier, Wu, Diane, Crocker, Remi, Elkind, Chen, Jonnalagadda, Siddhartha Reddy, Lee, Jong, Holtmann-Rice, Dan, Kallarackal, Krystal, Liu, Rosanne, Vnukov, Denis, Vats, Neera, Invernizzi, Luca, Jafari, Mohsen, Zhou, Huanjie, Taylor, Lilly, Prendki, Jennifer, Wu, Marcus, Eccles, Tom, Liu, Tianqi, Kopparapu, Kavya, Beaufays, Francoise, Angermueller, Christof, Marzoca, Andreea, Sarcar, Shourya, Dib, Hilal, Stanway, Jeff, Perbet, Frank, Trdin, Nejc, Sterneck, Rachel, Khorlin, Andrey, Li, Dinghua, Wu, Xihui, Goenka, Sonam, Madras, David, Goldshtein, Sasha, Gierke, Willi, Zhou, Tong, Liu, Yaxin, Liang, Yannie, White, Anais, Li, Yunjie, Singh, Shreya, Bahargam, Sanaz, Epstein, Mark, Basu, Sujoy, Lao, Li, Ozturel, Adnan, Crous, Carl, Zhai, Alex, Lu, Han, Tung, Zora, Gaur, Neeraj, Walton, Alanna, Dixon, Lucas, Zhang, Ming, Globerson, Amir, Uy, Grant, Bolt, Andrew, Wiles, Olivia, Nasr, Milad, Shumailov, Ilia, Selvi, Marco, Piccinno, Francesco, Aguilar, Ricardo, McCarthy, Sara, Khalman, Misha, Shukla, Mrinal, Galic, Vlado, Carpenter, John, Villela, Kevin, Zhang, Haibin, Richardson, Harry, Martens, James, Bosnjak, Matko, Belle, Shreyas Rammohan, Seibert, Jeff, Alnahlawi, Mahmoud, McWilliams, Brian, Singh, Sankalp, Louis, Annie, Ding, Wen, Popovici, Dan, Simicich, Lenin, Knight, Laura, Mehta, Pulkit, Gupta, Nishesh, Shi, Chongyang, Fatehi, Saaber, Mitrovic, Jovana, Grills, Alex, Pagadora, Joseph, Petrova, Dessie, Eisenbud, Danielle, Zhang, Zhishuai, Yates, Damion, Mittal, Bhavishya, Tripuraneni, Nilesh, Assael, Yannis, Brovelli, Thomas, Jain, Prateek, Velimirovic, Mihajlo, Akbulut, Canfer, Mu, Jiaqi, Macherey, Wolfgang, Kumar, Ravin, Xu, Jun, Qureshi, Haroon, Comanici, Gheorghe, Wiesner, Jeremy, Gong, Zhitao, Ruddock, Anton, Bauer, Matthias, Felt, Nick, GP, Anirudh, Arnab, Anurag, Zelle, Dustin, Rothfuss, Jonas, Rosgen, Bill, Shenoy, Ashish, Seybold, Bryan, Li, Xinjian, Mudigonda, Jayaram, Erdogan, Goker, Xia, Jiawei, Simsa, Jiri, Michi, Andrea, Yao, Yi, Yew, Christopher, Kan, Steven, Caswell, Isaac, Radebaugh, Carey, Elisseeff, Andre, Valenzuela, Pedro, McKinney, Kay, Paterson, Kim, Cui, Albert, Latorre-Chimoto, Eri, Kim, Solomon, Zeng, William, Durden, Ken, Ponnapalli, Priya, Sosea, Tiberiu, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Manyika, James, Robenek, Brona, Vashisht, Harsha, Pereira, Sebastien, Lam, Hoi, Velic, Marko, Owusu-Afriyie, Denese, Lee, Katherine, Bolukbasi, Tolga, Parrish, Alicia, Lu, Shawn, Park, Jane, Venkatraman, Balaji, Talbert, Alice, Rosique, Lambert, Cheng, Yuchung, Sozanschi, Andrei, Paszke, Adam, Kumar, Praveen, Austin, Jessica, Li, Lu, Salama, Khalid, Kim, Wooyeol, Dukkipati, Nandita, Baryshnikov, Anthony, Kaplanis, Christos, Sheng, XiangHai, Chervonyi, Yuri, Unlu, Caglar, Casas, Diego de Las, Askham, Harry, Tunyasuvunakool, Kathryn, Gimeno, Felix, Poder, Siim, Kwak, Chester, Miecnikowski, Matt, Dimitriev, Alek, Parisi, Aaron, Liu, Dangyi, Tsai, Tomy, Shevlane, Toby, Kouridi, Christina, Garmon, Drew, Goedeckemeyer, Adrian, Brown, Adam R., Vijayakumar, Anitha, Elqursh, Ali, Jazayeri, Sadegh, Huang, Jin, Carthy, Sara Mc, Hoover, Jay, Kim, Lucy, Kumar, Sandeep, Chen, Wei, Biles, Courtney, Bingham, Garrett, Rosen, Evan, Wang, Lisa, Tan, Qijun, Engel, David, Pongetti, Francesco, de Cesare, Dario, Hwang, Dongseong, Yu, Lily, Pullman, Jennifer, Narayanan, Srini, Levin, Kyle, Gopal, Siddharth, Li, Megan, Aharoni, Asaf, Trinh, Trieu, Lo, Jessica, Casagrande, Norman, Vij, Roopali, Matthey, Loic, Ramadhana, Bramandia, Matthews, Austin, Carey, CJ, Johnson, Matthew, Goranova, Kremena, Shah, Rohin, Ashraf, Shereen, Dasgupta, Kingshuk, Larsen, Rasmus, Wang, Yicheng, Vuyyuru, Manish Reddy, Jiang, Chong, Ijazi, Joana, Osawa, Kazuki, Smith, Celine, Boppana, Ramya Sree, Bilal, Taylan, Koizumi, Yuma, Xu, Ying, Altun, Yasemin, Shabat, Nir, Bariach, Ben, Korchemniy, Alex, Choo, Kiam, Ronneberger, Olaf, Iwuanyanwu, Chimezie, Zhao, Shubin, Soergel, David, Hsieh, Cho-Jui, Cai, Irene, Iqbal, Shariq, Sundermeyer, Martin, Chen, Zhe, Bursztein, Elie, Malaviya, Chaitanya, Biadsy, Fadi, Shroff, Prakash, Dhillon, Inderjit, Latkar, Tejasi, Dyer, Chris, Forbes, Hannah, Nicosia, Massimo, Nikolaev, Vitaly, Greene, Somer, Georgiev, Marin, Wang, Pidong, Martin, Nina, Sedghi, Hanie, Zhang, John, Banzal, Praseem, Fritz, Doug, Rao, Vikram, Wang, Xuezhi, Zhang, Jiageng, Patraucean, Viorica, Du, Dayou, Mordatch, Igor, Jurin, Ivan, Liu, Lewis, Dubey, Ayush, Mohan, Abhi, Nowakowski, Janek, Ion, Vlad-Doru, Wei, Nan, Tojo, Reiko, Raad, Maria Abi, Hudson, Drew A., Keshava, Vaishakh, Agrawal, Shubham, Ramirez, Kevin, Wu, Zhichun, Nguyen, Hoang, Liu, Ji, Sewak, Madhavi, Petrini, Bryce, Choi, DongHyun, Philips, Ivan, Wang, Ziyue, Bica, Ioana, Garg, Ankush, Wilkiewicz, Jarek, Agrawal, Priyanka, Guo, Danhao, Xue, Emily, Shaik, Naseer, Leach, Andrew, Khan, Sadh MNM, Wiesinger, Julia, Jerome, Sammy, Chakladar, Abhishek, Wang, Alek Wenjiao, Ornduff, Tina, Abu, Folake, Ghaffarkhah, Alireza, Wainwright, Marcus, Cortes, Mario, Liu, Frederick, Maynez, Joshua, Terzis, Andreas, Samangouei, Pouya, Mansour, Riham, Kępa, Tomasz, Aubet, François-Xavier, Algymr, Anton, Banica, Dan, Weisz, Agoston, Orban, Andras, Senges, Alexandre, Andrejczuk, Ewa, Geller, Mark, Santo, Niccolo Dal, Anklin, Valentin, Merey, Majd Al, Baeuml, Martin, Strohman, Trevor, Bai, Junwen, Petrov, Slav, Wu, Yonghui, Hassabis, Demis, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, Dean, Jeffrey, and Vinyals, Oriol

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

In this report, we introduce the Gemini 1.5 family of models, representing the next generation of highly compute-efficient multimodal models capable of recalling and reasoning over fine-grained information from millions of tokens of context, including multiple long documents and hours of video and audio. The family includes two new models: (1) an updated Gemini 1.5 Pro, which exceeds the February version on the great majority of capabilities and benchmarks; (2) Gemini 1.5 Flash, a more lightweight variant designed for efficiency with minimal regression in quality. Gemini 1.5 models achieve near-perfect recall on long-context retrieval tasks across modalities, improve the state-of-the-art in long-document QA, long-video QA and long-context ASR, and match or surpass Gemini 1.0 Ultra's state-of-the-art performance across a broad set of benchmarks. Studying the limits of Gemini 1.5's long-context ability, we find continued improvement in next-token prediction and near-perfect retrieval (>99%) up to at least 10M tokens, a generational leap over existing models such as Claude 3.0 (200k) and GPT-4 Turbo (128k). Finally, we highlight real-world use cases, such as Gemini 1.5 collaborating with professionals on completing their tasks achieving 26 to 75% time savings across 10 different job categories, as well as surprising new capabilities of large language models at the frontier; when given a grammar manual for Kalamang, a language with fewer than 200 speakers worldwide, the model learns to translate English to Kalamang at a similar level to a person who learned from the same content.

Published
2024

4. Norepinephrine induces anoikis resistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer precursor cells.

Author

Reavis, Hunter, Gysler, Stefan, McKenney, Grace, Knarr, Matthew, Lusk, Hannah, Rawat, Priyanka, Rendulich, Hannah, Mitchell, Marilyn, Berger, Dara, Moon, Jamie, Ryu, Suyeon, Mainigi, Monica, Iwanicki, Marcin, Hoon, Dave, Drapkin, Ronny, and Sanchez, Laura

Subjects
Cancer, Cell biology, Cell migration/adhesion, Obstetrics/gynecology, Oncology, Female, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous, Fallopian Tubes, Anoikis, Norepinephrine, Tumor Microenvironment
Abstract

High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in the United States. Late diagnosis and the emergence of chemoresistance have prompted studies into how the tumor microenvironment, and more recently tumor innervation, may be leveraged for HGSC prevention and interception. In addition to stess-induced sources, concentrations of the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) in the ovary increase during ovulation and after menopause. Importantly, NE exacerbates advanced HGSC progression. However, little is known about the role of NE in early disease pathogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of NE in instigating anchorage independence and micrometastasis of preneoplastic lesions from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) to the ovary, an essential step in HGSC onset. We found that in the presence of NE, FTE cell lines were able to survive in ultra-low-attachment (ULA) culture in a β-adrenergic receptor-dependent (β-AR-dependent) manner. Importantly, spheroid formation and cell viability conferred by treatment with physiological sources of NE were abrogated using the β-AR blocker propranolol. We have also identified that NE-mediated anoikis resistance may be attributable to downregulation of colony-stimulating factor 2. These findings provide mechanistic insight and identify targets that may be regulated by ovary-derived NE in early HGSC.

Published
2024

7. Machine-guided Design of Oxidation Resistant Superconductors for Quantum Information Applications

Author

Koppel, Carson, Wilfong, Brandon, Iwanicki, Allana, Hedrick, Elizabeth, Berry, Tanya, and McQueen, Tyrel M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Decoherence in superconducting qubits has long been attributed to two level systems arising from the surfaces and interfaces present in real devices. A recent significant step in reducing decoherence was the replacement of superconducting niobium by superconducting tantalum, resulting in a tripling of transmon qubit lifetimes (T1). One of these surface variables, the identity, thickness, and quality of the native surface oxide, is thought to play a major role as tantalum only has one oxide whereas niobium has several. Here we report the development of a thermodynamic metric to rank materials based on their potential to form a well-defined, thin, surface oxide. We first compute this metric for known binary and ternary metal alloys using data available from Materials Project, and experimentally validate the strengths and limits of this metric through preparation and controlled oxidation of 8 known metal alloys. Then we train a convolutional neural network to predict the value of this metric from atomic composition and atomic properties. This allows us to compute the metric for materials that are not present in materials project, including a large selection of known superconductors, and, when combined with Tc, allow us to identify new candidate superconductors for quantum information science (QISE) applications. We test the oxidation resistance of a pair of these predictions experimentally. Our results are expected to lay the foundation for tailored and rapid selection of improved superconductors for QISE., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023

8. Incidence, prevalence and clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel diseases in Northern France: a 30-year population-based studyResearch in context

Author

Hélène Sarter, Thibaut Crétin, Guillaume Savoye, Mathurin Fumery, Ariane Leroyer, Luc Dauchet, Thierry Paupard, Hugues Coevoet, Pauline Wils, Nicolas Richard, Dominique Turck, Delphine Ley, Corinne Gower-Rousseau, Eric Agoute, Najib Al Ghossaini, Raied Al Hameedi, Myriam Al Khatib, Saria Al Turk, Jean-Marie Andre, Matthieu Antoine, Michel Antonietti, Amar Aouakli, Laura Armengol-Debeir, Ibrahim Aroichane, Fadi Assi, Eric Auxenfants, Alina Avram, Kassem Azzouzi, Damyan Bankovski, Bernard Barbry, Nicolas Bardoux, Philippe Baron, Anne Baudet, Pauline Bayart, Brice Bazin, Arash Bebahani, Jean-Pierre Becqwort, Houssem Ben Ali, Emmanuel Ben Soussan, Coralie Benard, Vincent Benet, Corinne Benguigui, Abdeslam Bental, Sara Bentaleb-Bellati, Isabelle Berkelmans, Jacques Bernet, Karine Bernou, Nathalie Bertiaux-Vandaele, Pauline Bertot, Valérie Bertrand, Emilie Biloud, Nathalie Biron, Benjamin Bismuth, Cyril Blanchard, Maurice Bleuez, Fabienne Blondel, Valérie Blondin, Marius Bobula, Philippe Bohont, Eléonore Boivin, Vanessa Bon Djemah, Eric Boniface, Philippe Bonniere, Pierre Bonvarlet, Arnaud Boruchowicz, Raoul Bostvironnois, Médina Boualit, Ahlem Bouazza, Bruno Bouche, Christian Boudailler, Claude Bourgeaux, Morgane Bourgeois-Fumery, Arnaud Bourguet, Agnès Bourienne, Hamza Boutaleb, Alexis Bouthors, Julien Branche, Franck Brazier, Marie Bridenne, Hélène Brihier, Laura Bril, Philippe Bulois, Pierre Burgiere, Joël Butel, Jean-Yves Canva, Valérie Canva-Delcambre, Florence Cardot, Sandrine Carette, Pierre Carpentier, Michel Cassagnou, Jean-François Cassar, François Castex, Pascale Catala, Stéphane Cattan, Sylviane Catteau, Bernard Caujolle, Gérard Cayron, Catherine Chandelier, Cloé Charpentier, Marthe Chavance-Thelu, Agathe Cheny, Dinu Chirita, Antoine Choteau, Jean-François Claerbout, Pierre-Yves Clergue, Gil Cohen, Marie Colin, Régis Collet, Jean-Frédéric Colombel, Stéphanie Coopman, Lucie Cordiez, Antoine Cortot, Jean Corvisart, Frédéric Couttenier, Jean-François Crinquette, Valérie Crombe, Abdelhakim Daoudi, Vincent Dapvril, Thierry Davion, Sébastien Decoster, Laurent Defontaine, Nicolas Degrave, Aurélien Dejaeger, Richard Delcenserie, Marine Deleplanque, Dorothée Delesalle, Olivier Delette, Thierry Delgrange, Laurence Delhoustal, Jean-Stéphane Delmotte, Sabri Demmane, Guy Deregnaucourt, Constance Deschepper, Jean-Pierre Desechalliers, Patrick Desmet, Pierre Desreumaux, Gérard Desseaux, Philippe Desurmont, Alain Devienne, Eve Devouge, Alex Devroux, Arnaud Dewailly, Sébastien Dharancy, Aude Di Fiore, Emmanuel Diaz, Djamal-Dine Djeddi, Rachid Djedir, Wissam Doleh, Marie-Laure Dreher-Duwat, Richard Dubois, Clothilde Duburque, Frédéric Ducrot, Philippe Ducrotte, André Dufilho, Christian Duhamel, Caroline Dumant-Forest, Jean-Louis Dupas, Frédéric Dupont, Yves Duranton, Arnaud Duriez, Nicolas Duveau, Mohammadi El Farisi, Khalil El Hachkar, Caroline Elie, Marie-Claire Elie-Legrand, Matthieu Eoche, Essmaeel Essmaeel, Dominique Evrard, Jean-Paul Evrard, Armelle Fatome, Karima Fellah-Sekkai, Bernard Filoche, Laurent Finet, Mathilde Flahaut, Camille Flamme, David Foissey, Peggy Fournier, Philippe Foutrein, Marie-Christine Foutrein-Comes, Thierry Frere, Julie Galand, Philippe Gallais, Claudine Gamblin, Serge Ganga, Romain Gerard, Guillaume Geslin, Yves Gheyssens, Salah Ghrib, Thierry Gilbert, Bénédicte Gillet, Denis Godart, Jean-Michel Godchaux, Guetty Goeguebeur, Odile Goria, Frédéric Gottrand, Philippe Gower, Lucien Grados, Brigitte Grandmaison, Marion Groux, Claire Guedon, Loïc Guerbeau, Mathilde Gueroult-Dero, Jean-François Guillard, Laurence Guillem, François Guillemot, Dominique Guimber, Baya Haddouche, Vincent Hautefeuille, Philippe Hecketsweiller, Geneviève Hecquet, Jean-Pierre Hedde, Hassina Hellal, Pierre-Emmanuel Henneresse, Michel Heraud, Sophie Herve, Bruno Heyman, Patrick Hochain, Philippe Houcke, Lucie Houssin-Baillly, Bruno Huguenin, Silviu Iobagiu, Shata Istanboli, Alexsandar Ivanovic, Isabelle Iwanicki-Caron, Eric Janicki, Marine Jarry, Charlotte Jean Bart, Claude Jonas, Julia Jougon, Anne Jouvenet, Naeim Kassar, Fadi Katherin, Alfred Kerleveo, Ali Khachfe, Alfred Kiriakos, Jean Kiriakos, Olivier Klein, Matthieu Kohut, Richard Kornhauser, Demetrios Koutsomanis, Jean-Eric Laberenne, Eric Lacotte, Guy Laffineur, Marine Lagarde, Anouck Lahaye, Arnaud Lalanne, Ambroise Lalieu, Pierre Lannoy, José Lapchin, Michel Laprand, Denis Laude, Christian Le Couteulx, Charles Le Goffic, Alain Le Grix, Jean-Philippe Le Mouel, Pauline Le Roy, Rachida Leblanc, Paul Lecieux, Stéphane Lecleire, Nathalie Leclerc, Jean Ledent, Jean Lefebvre, Pascale Lefilliatre, Céline Legrand, Patrick Lelong, Bernard Leluyer, Caroline Lemaitre, Lucie Lepileur, Antoine Leplat, Elodie Lepoutre-Dujardin, Gabriel Leppeut, Henri Leroi, Maryvonne Leroy, Benoît Lesage, Jocelyn Lesage, Xavier Lesage, Isabelle Lescanne-Darchis, Dominique Lescut, Bruno Leurent, Michel Lhermie, Louise Libier, Bernard Lisambert, Isabelle Loge, Julien Loreau, Alexandre Louvet, Joséphine Lozinguez, Henri Lubrez, Damien Lucidarme, Jean-Jacques Lugand, Olivier Macaigne, Denis Maetz, Dominique Maillard, Hubert Mancheron, Olivia Manolache, Anne-Bérengère Marks-Brunel, Charline Marre, Raymond Marti, Eric Marzloff, Philippe Mathurin, Jacques Mauillon, Vincent Maunoury, Jean-Luc Maupas, Michèle-Ange Medam Djomo, Chloé Melchior, Ziad Melki, B. Mesnard, Patrice Metayer, Lofti Methari, Franck Meurisse, Laurent Michaud, Patricia Modaine, Angélique Monthe, Loïk Morel, Mathilde Morin, Pierre-Eugène Mortier, Perrine Mortreux, Olivier Mouterde, Nicolas Mozziconaci, Jean Mudry, Maria Nachuri, Minh Dung Ngo, Eric N'guyen Khac, Bertrand Notteghem, Vincent Ollevier, Atika Ouraghi, Barriza Oussadou, Dominique Ouvry, Bernard Paillot, Claire Painchart, Nicole Panien-Claudot, Christian Paoletti, Arsène Papazian, Bruno Parent, Jean-Claude Paris, Philippe Patrier, Bernard Pauwels, Mathieu Pauwels, Richard Petit, Muriel Piat, Sandrine Piotte, Christophe Plane, Bernard Plouvier, Eric Pollet, Pierre Pommelet, Daniela Pop, Charlotte Pordes, Gérard Pouchain, Philippe Prades, Jean-Christophe Prevost, Manon Pruit, Gilles Quartier, Anne-Marie Queuniet, Jean-François Quinton, Alain Rabache, Gilles Raclot, Sébastien Ratajczyk, Nicole Reix, Thibaud Renaut-Vantroys, Marine Revillion, Ghassan Riachi, Clémentine Riault, Cécile Richez, Benoît Rimbert, Philippe Robinson, Juan Daniel Rodriguez, Jean Roger, Jean-Marc Roux, Alain Rudelli, Clémence Saingier, Patrick Schlossberg, David Sefrioui, Michel Segrestin, David Seguy, Célik Seminur, François Sevenet, Jean Silvie, Claire Spyckerelle, Nathalie Talbodec, Noémie Tavernier, Henriette Tchandeu, Aurore Techy, Jean-Luc Thelu, Henri Thiebault, Jean-Marie Thorel, Christophe Thuillier, Guillaume Tielman, Manuella Tode, Jean Tonnel, Jean-Yves Touchais, Audrey Toulemonde-Huguet, Pierre Toumelin, Yvan Touze, Léa Tran, Jean-Luc Tranvouez, Nadia Triki, Justine Turpin, Eric Vaillant, Claude Valmage, Dominique Vanco, Nathalie Vandaele-Bertiaux, Hélène Vandamme, Elise Vander Eeken, Etienne Vanderbercq, Philippe Vandermollen, Philippe Vandevenne, Lionel Vandeville, Alain Vandewalle, Jean-Pierre Vanhoove, Audrey Vanrenterghem, Charlotte Vanveuren, Iona Vasies, Guy Verbiese, Juliette Verlynde, Philippe Vermelle, Christine Verne, Gwenola Vernier-Massouille, Perrine Vezelier-Cocq, Juliette Viart, Benoît Vigneron, Marc Vincendet, Jacques Viot, Y.M. Voiment, Jean-Yves Wallez, Michel Wantier, Faustine Wartel, Jean-Christian Weber, Jean-Louis Willocquet, Nathalie Wizla, Eric Wolschies, Tajiogue Yimfor, Oana Zahara, Alberto Zalar, Sonia Zaoui, and Anne Zellweger

Subjects
Inflammatory bowel disease, Incidence, Prevalence, Population-based registry, Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative colitis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: In industrialized countries, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) appears stabilized. This study examined the incidence and phenotype of IBD in Northern France over a 30-year period. Methods: Including all IBD patients recorded in the EPIMAD population-based registry from 1988 to 2017 in Northern France, we described the incidence and clinical presentation of IBD according to age, sex and time. Findings: A total of 22,879 incident IBD cases were documented (59% (n = 13,445) of Crohn’s disease (CD), 38% (n = 8803) of ulcerative colitis (UC), 3% (n = 631) of IBD unclassified (IBDU)). Over the study period, incidence of IBD, CD and UC was 12.7, 7.2 and 5.1 per 105 person-years, respectively. The incidence of CD increased from 5.1/105 in 1988–1990 to 7.9/105 in 2015–2017 (annual percent change (APC): +1.9%, p

Published
2024
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9. Functional structure of the natural enemy community of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in the Americas

Author

Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Komivi S. Akutse, Divina M. Amalin, Salah-Eddin Araj, Gloria Barrera, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Ibtissem Ben Fekih, Paul-André Calatayud, Lizette Cicero, Marcellin C. Cokola, Yelitza C. Colmenarez, Kenza Dessauvages, Thomas Dubois, Léna Durocher-Granger, Carlos Espinel, José L. Fernández-Triana, Frederic Francis, Juliana Gómez, Khalid Haddi, Rhett D. Harrison, Muhammad Haseeb, Natasha S.A. Iwanicki, Lara R. Jaber, Fathiya M. Khamis, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Refugio J. Lomeli-Flores, Rogerio B. Lopes, Baoqian Lyu, James Montoya-Lerma, Tung D. Nguyen, Ihsan Nurkomar, Jermaine D. Perier, Gabor Pozsgai, Ricardo Ramírez-Romero, Annmarie S. Robinson-Baker, Francisco J. Sanchez-Garcia, Luis C. Silveira, Larisner Simeon, Leellen F. Solter, Oscar F. Santos-Amaya, Wagner de Souza Tavares, Rogelio Trabanino, Carlos Vásquez, Zhenying Wang, Ana P.G.S. Wengrat, Lian-Sheng Zang, Wei Zhang, Kennedy J. Zimba, Kongming Wu, and Maged Elkahky

Subjects
Biodiversity conservation, Agroecology, Ecological intensification, Functional ecology, Species richness, Biodiversity – ecosystem functioning, Agriculture, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Ecosystem functions such as biological pest control are mediated by the richness and abundance of service providers i.e., biological control agents (BCAs), relative contributions of individual taxa and community structure. This is especially relevant in the native range of agricultural herbivores, where a speciose community of co-evolved BCAs can prevent them from attaining pest status. Here, we use a powerful graphical approach to assess the functional structure of BCA communities of the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in the Neotropics. Drawing upon a curated database of all-time field and laboratory studies, we graphed patterns in the functional contribution, abundance and niche breadth for a respective 69, 53 and 3 taxa of resident parasitoids, predators and pathogens. Regardless of varying taxon coverage and rigor of the underlying studies, functional structure follows a saturating relationship in which the first three taxa account for 90–98% of aggregate biological control function. Abundance-functionality matrices prove critically incomplete, as more than 80% of invertebrate taxa miss empirically derived efficiency metrics while associated FAW infestation data are scarce. Despite its methodological shortfalls and data gaps, our work pinpoints Chelonus insularis, several taxa of egg parasitoids, Doru spp. and Orius spp. as taxa with outsized (average) functionality and conservation potential. This is also exemplified by the highly variable aggregate function across studies, with dispersion indices of 1.52 and 2.14 for invertebrate BCAs. Our work underlines the critical importance of functional ecology research, networked trials and standardized methodologies in advancing conservation biological control globally.

Published
2024
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10. Buprenorphine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and methadone mortality in the United States (2010‒2017)

Author

Karilynn M. Rockhill, Gabrielle E. Bau, Angela DeVeaugh‐Geiss, Howard Chilcoat, Richard Dart, Janetta Iwanicki, and Joshua C. Black

Subjects
buprenorphine, medication‐assisted therapies, overdose mortality, polysubstance, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Objective Opioid overdose survivors present to emergency departments (EDs) and many EDs have developed programs to initiate buprenorphine. The impact of the increasing use of buprenorphine in ED and by other providers is unknown while opioid mortality continues to rise. Public mortality data do not distinguish buprenorphine from other prescription opioids. Our objective was to determine when changes in overdose mortality trends occurred comparing deaths involving buprenorphine to oxycodone, hydrocodone, and methadone. Methods This observational study utilized the drug‐involved mortality database including US death certificates (2010‒2017) in which buprenorphine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, or methadone were contributing causes of death (determined through textual analysis). Population‐ and drug utilization‐adjusted mortality rates were examined using disjointed linear regression. Buprenorphine‐involved deaths were stratified by polysubstance involvement. Results The population‐adjusted mortality rates for buprenorphine‐involved deaths were lowest compared to other opioids; however, the change in rate for buprenorphine increased faster than oxycodone, hydrocodone, and methadone at 8.9% each quarter‐year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.0, 9.8) from 2010 to mid‐2016 when it stabilized. After adjusting for changes in dispensing over the study period, buprenorphine‐involved mortality rates were increasing at 5.3% (95% CI: 4.6, 6.1) each quarter‐year. In 2017, 94% buprenorphine‐involved deaths had at least one other drug contributing to the cause of death. Conclusions Given the low mortality, high proportions of polysubstance mortality, and the mixed agonist/antagonist mechanism of action, use of buprenorphine alone likely presents a lower risk for overdose than comparators. Mortality rose faster than dispensing, signaling need to ensure people understand buprenorphine risks, particularly polysubstance use, balanced against importance for treating opioid use disorders.

Published
2024
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13. Incidence, prevalence and clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel diseases in Northern France: a 30-year population-based study

Author

Agoute, Eric, Al Ghossaini, Najib, Al Hameedi, Raied, Al Khatib, Myriam, Al Turk, Saria, Andre, Jean-Marie, Antoine, Matthieu, Antonietti, Michel, Aouakli, Amar, Armengol-Debeir, Laura, Aroichane, Ibrahim, Assi, Fadi, Auxenfants, Eric, Avram, Alina, Azzouzi, Kassem, Bankovski, Damyan, Barbry, Bernard, Bardoux, Nicolas, Baron, Philippe, Baudet, Anne, Bayart, Pauline, Bazin, Brice, Bebahani, Arash, Becqwort, Jean-Pierre, Ben Ali, Houssem, Ben Soussan, Emmanuel, Benard, Coralie, Benet, Vincent, Benguigui, Corinne, Bental, Abdeslam, Bentaleb-Bellati, Sara, Berkelmans, Isabelle, Bernet, Jacques, Bernou, Karine, Bertiaux-Vandaele, Nathalie, Bertot, Pauline, Bertrand, Valérie, Biloud, Emilie, Biron, Nathalie, Bismuth, Benjamin, Blanchard, Cyril, Bleuez, Maurice, Blondel, Fabienne, Blondin, Valérie, Bobula, Marius, Bohont, Philippe, Boivin, Eléonore, Djemah, Vanessa Bon, Boniface, Eric, Bonniere, Philippe, Bonvarlet, Pierre, Boruchowicz, Arnaud, Bostvironnois, Raoul, Boualit, Médina, Bouazza, Ahlem, Bouche, Bruno, Boudailler, Christian, Bourgeaux, Claude, Bourgeois-Fumery, Morgane, Bourguet, Arnaud, Bourienne, Agnès, Boutaleb, Hamza, Bouthors, Alexis, Branche, Julien, Brazier, Franck, Bridenne, Marie, Brihier, Hélène, Bril, Laura, Bulois, Philippe, Burgiere, Pierre, Butel, Joël, Canva, Jean-Yves, Canva-Delcambre, Valérie, Cardot, Florence, Carette, Sandrine, Carpentier, Pierre, Cassagnou, Michel, Cassar, Jean-François, Castex, François, Catala, Pascale, Cattan, Stéphane, Catteau, Sylviane, Caujolle, Bernard, Cayron, Gérard, Chandelier, Catherine, Charpentier, Cloé, Chavance-Thelu, Marthe, Cheny, Agathe, Chirita, Dinu, Choteau, Antoine, Claerbout, Jean-François, Clergue, Pierre-Yves, Coevoet, Hugues, Cohen, Gil, Colin, Marie, Collet, Régis, Colombel, Jean-Frédéric, Coopman, Stéphanie, Cordiez, Lucie, Cortot, Antoine, Corvisart, Jean, Couttenier, Frédéric, Crinquette, Jean-François, Crombe, Valérie, Daoudi, Abdelhakim, Dapvril, Vincent, Davion, Thierry, Decoster, Sébastien, Defontaine, Laurent, Degrave, Nicolas, Dejaeger, Aurélien, Delcenserie, Richard, Deleplanque, Marine, Delesalle, Dorothée, Delette, Olivier, Delgrange, Thierry, Delhoustal, Laurence, Delmotte, Jean-Stéphane, Demmane, Sabri, Deregnaucourt, Guy, Deschepper, Constance, Desechalliers, Jean-Pierre, Desmet, Patrick, Desreumaux, Pierre, Desseaux, Gérard, Desurmont, Philippe, Devienne, Alain, Devouge, Eve, Devroux, Alex, Dewailly, Arnaud, Dharancy, Sébastien, Di Fiore, Aude, Diaz, Emmanuel, Djeddi, Djamal-Dine, Djedir, Rachid, Doleh, Wissam, Dreher-Duwat, Marie-Laure, Dubois, Richard, Duburque, Clothilde, Ducrot, Frédéric, Ducrotte, Philippe, Dufilho, André, Duhamel, Christian, Dumant-Forest, Caroline, Dupas, Jean-Louis, Dupont, Frédéric, Duranton, Yves, Duriez, Arnaud, Duveau, Nicolas, El Farisi, Mohammadi, El Hachkar, Khalil, Elie, Caroline, Elie-Legrand, Marie-Claire, Eoche, Matthieu, Essmaeel, Essmaeel, Evrard, Dominique, Evrard, Jean-Paul, Fatome, Armelle, Fellah-Sekkai, Karima, Filoche, Bernard, Finet, Laurent, Flahaut, Mathilde, Flamme, Camille, Foissey, David, Fournier, Peggy, Foutrein, Philippe, Foutrein-Comes, Marie-Christine, Frere, Thierry, Fumery, Mathurin, Galand, Julie, Gallais, Philippe, Gamblin, Claudine, Ganga, Serge, Gerard, Romain, Geslin, Guillaume, Gheyssens, Yves, Ghrib, Salah, Gilbert, Thierry, Gillet, Bénédicte, Godart, Denis, Godchaux, Jean-Michel, Goeguebeur, Guetty, Goria, Odile, Gottrand, Frédéric, Gower, Philippe, Grados, Lucien, Grandmaison, Brigitte, Groux, Marion, Guedon, Claire, Guerbeau, Loïc, Gueroult-Dero, Mathilde, Guillard, Jean-François, Guillem, Laurence, Guillemot, François, Guimber, Dominique, Haddouche, Baya, Hautefeuille, Vincent, Hecketsweiller, Philippe, Hecquet, Geneviève, Hedde, Jean-Pierre, Hellal, Hassina, Henneresse, Pierre-Emmanuel, Heraud, Michel, Herve, Sophie, Heyman, Bruno, Hochain, Patrick, Houcke, Philippe, Houssin-Baillly, Lucie, Huguenin, Bruno, Iobagiu, Silviu, Istanboli, Shata, Ivanovic, Alexsandar, Iwanicki-Caron, Isabelle, Janicki, Eric, Jarry, Marine, Bart, Charlotte Jean, Jonas, Claude, Jougon, Julia, Jouvenet, Anne, Kassar, Naeim, Katherin, Fadi, Kerleveo, Alfred, Khachfe, Ali, Kiriakos, Alfred, Kiriakos, Jean, Klein, Olivier, Kohut, Matthieu, Kornhauser, Richard, Koutsomanis, Demetrios, Laberenne, Jean-Eric, Lacotte, Eric, Laffineur, Guy, Lagarde, Marine, Lahaye, Anouck, Lalanne, Arnaud, Lalieu, Ambroise, Lannoy, Pierre, Lapchin, José, Laprand, Michel, Laude, Denis, Le Couteulx, Christian, Le Goffic, Charles, Le Grix, Alain, Le Mouel, Jean-Philippe, Le Roy, Pauline, Leblanc, Rachida, Lecieux, Paul, Lecleire, Stéphane, Leclerc, Nathalie, Ledent, Jean, Lefebvre, Jean, Lefilliatre, Pascale, Legrand, Céline, Lelong, Patrick, Leluyer, Bernard, Lemaitre, Caroline, Lepileur, Lucie, Leplat, Antoine, Lepoutre-Dujardin, Elodie, Leppeut, Gabriel, Leroi, Henri, Leroy, Maryvonne, Lesage, Benoît, Lesage, Jocelyn, Lesage, Xavier, Lescanne-Darchis, Isabelle, Lescut, Dominique, Leurent, Bruno, Ley, Delphine, Lhermie, Michel, Libier, Louise, Lisambert, Bernard, Loge, Isabelle, Loreau, Julien, Louvet, Alexandre, Lozinguez, Joséphine, Lubrez, Henri, Lucidarme, Damien, Lugand, Jean-Jacques, Macaigne, Olivier, Maetz, Denis, Maillard, Dominique, Mancheron, Hubert, Manolache, Olivia, Marks-Brunel, Anne-Bérengère, Marre, Charline, Marti, Raymond, Marzloff, Eric, Mathurin, Philippe, Mauillon, Jacques, Maunoury, Vincent, Maupas, Jean-Luc, Medam Djomo, Michèle-Ange, Melchior, Chloé, Melki, Ziad, Mesnard, B., Metayer, Patrice, Methari, Lofti, Meurisse, Franck, Michaud, Laurent, Modaine, Patricia, Monthe, Angélique, Morel, Loïk, Morin, Mathilde, Mortier, Pierre-Eugène, Mortreux, Perrine, Mouterde, Olivier, Mozziconaci, Nicolas, Mudry, Jean, Nachuri, Maria, Ngo, Minh Dung, Khac, Eric N'guyen, Notteghem, Bertrand, Ollevier, Vincent, Ouraghi, Atika, Oussadou, Barriza, Ouvry, Dominique, Paillot, Bernard, Painchart, Claire, Panien-Claudot, Nicole, Paoletti, Christian, Papazian, Arsène, Parent, Bruno, Paris, Jean-Claude, Patrier, Philippe, Paupard, Thierry, Pauwels, Bernard, Pauwels, Mathieu, Petit, Richard, Piat, Muriel, Piotte, Sandrine, Plane, Christophe, Plouvier, Bernard, Pollet, Eric, Pommelet, Pierre, Pop, Daniela, Pordes, Charlotte, Pouchain, Gérard, Prades, Philippe, Prevost, Jean-Christophe, Pruit, Manon, Quartier, Gilles, Queuniet, Anne-Marie, Quinton, Jean-François, Rabache, Alain, Raclot, Gilles, Ratajczyk, Sébastien, Reix, Nicole, Renaut-Vantroys, Thibaud, Revillion, Marine, Riachi, Ghassan, Riault, Clémentine, Richard, Nicolas, Richez, Cécile, Rimbert, Benoît, Robinson, Philippe, Rodriguez, Juan Daniel, Roger, Jean, Roux, Jean-Marc, Rudelli, Alain, Saingier, Clémence, Savoye, Guillaume, Schlossberg, Patrick, Sefrioui, David, Segrestin, Michel, Seguy, David, Seminur, Célik, Sevenet, François, Silvie, Jean, Spyckerelle, Claire, Talbodec, Nathalie, Tavernier, Noémie, Tchandeu, Henriette, Techy, Aurore, Thelu, Jean-Luc, Thiebault, Henri, Thorel, Jean-Marie, Thuillier, Christophe, Tielman, Guillaume, Tode, Manuella, Tonnel, Jean, Touchais, Jean-Yves, Toulemonde-Huguet, Audrey, Toumelin, Pierre, Touze, Yvan, Tran, Léa, Tranvouez, Jean-Luc, Triki, Nadia, Turck, Dominique, Turpin, Justine, Vaillant, Eric, Valmage, Claude, Vanco, Dominique, Vandaele-Bertiaux, Nathalie, Vandamme, Hélène, Eeken, Elise Vander, Vanderbercq, Etienne, Vandermollen, Philippe, Vandevenne, Philippe, Vandeville, Lionel, Vandewalle, Alain, Vanhoove, Jean-Pierre, Vanrenterghem, Audrey, Vanveuren, Charlotte, Vasies, Iona, Verbiese, Guy, Verlynde, Juliette, Vermelle, Philippe, Verne, Christine, Vernier-Massouille, Gwenola, Vezelier-Cocq, Perrine, Viart, Juliette, Vigneron, Benoît, Vincendet, Marc, Viot, Jacques, Voiment, Y.M., Wallez, Jean-Yves, Wantier, Michel, Wartel, Faustine, Weber, Jean-Christian, Willocquet, Jean-Louis, Wizla, Nathalie, Wolschies, Eric, Yimfor, Tajiogue, Zahara, Oana, Zalar, Alberto, Zaoui, Sonia, Zellweger, Anne, Sarter, Hélène, Crétin, Thibaut, Leroyer, Ariane, Dauchet, Luc, Wils, Pauline, and Gower-Rousseau, Corinne

Published
2024
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15. Functional structure of the natural enemy community of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in the Americas

Author

Wyckhuys, Kris A.G., Akutse, Komivi S., Amalin, Divina M., Araj, Salah-Eddin, Barrera, Gloria, Joy B. Beltran, Marie, Ben Fekih, Ibtissem, Calatayud, Paul-André, Cicero, Lizette, Cokola, Marcellin C., Colmenarez, Yelitza C., Dessauvages, Kenza, Dubois, Thomas, Durocher-Granger, Léna, Espinel, Carlos, Fernández-Triana, José L., Francis, Frederic, Gómez, Juliana, Haddi, Khalid, Harrison, Rhett D., Haseeb, Muhammad, Iwanicki, Natasha S.A., Jaber, Lara R., Khamis, Fathiya M., Legaspi, Jesusa C., Lomeli-Flores, Refugio J., Lopes, Rogerio B., Lyu, Baoqian, Montoya-Lerma, James, Nguyen, Tung D., Nurkomar, Ihsan, Perier, Jermaine D., Pozsgai, Gabor, Ramírez-Romero, Ricardo, Robinson-Baker, Annmarie S., Sanchez-Garcia, Francisco J., Silveira, Luis C., Simeon, Larisner, Solter, Leellen F., Santos-Amaya, Oscar F., de Souza Tavares, Wagner, Trabanino, Rogelio, Vásquez, Carlos, Wang, Zhenying, Wengrat, Ana P.G.S., Zang, Lian-Sheng, Zhang, Wei, Zimba, Kennedy J., Wu, Kongming, and Elkahky, Maged

Published
2024
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17. Trends in characteristics of fentanyl-related poisonings in the United States, 2015-2021

Author

Palamar, Joseph J, Cottler, Linda B, Goldberger, Bruce A, Severtson, Stevan Geoffrey, Grundy, David J, Iwanicki, Janetta L, and Ciccarone, Daniel

Subjects
Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Substance Misuse, Prevention, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Analgesics, Opioid, Drug Overdose, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Female, Fentanyl, Humans, Male, Methamphetamine, Poisons, United States, Young Adult, epidemiology, overdose, substance use, drug poisonings, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Substance Abuse
Abstract

Background: Fentanyl-related deaths continue to increase in the United States; however, most national studies focus on fatal overdose. More research, including data on nonfatal overdose, is needed.Objective: We examined trends in characteristics of fatal and nonfatal fentanyl-related poisonings ("exposures") in the US.Methods: National Poison Control data were examined to estimate trends in characteristics of reported exposures between 2015 and 2021 (N = 15,391; 38.7% female). We also delineated correlates of experiencing a major adverse effect or death.Results: The proportion of exposures increased among all age groups between ages 13 and 39 (ps

Published
2022

18. KTÓRY NATURALIZM?

Author

COTTINGHAM, JOHN, Iwanicki, Marcin, and Teske, Joanna Klara

Published
2023

21. MAKSYMALNA MOC

Author

FLINT, THOMAS P., FREDDOSO, ALFRED J., Iwanicki, Marcin, and Teske, Joanna Klara

Published
2023

22. Global scientific progress and shortfalls in biological control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Author

Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Komivi S. Akutse, Divina M. Amalin, Salah-Eddin Araj, Gloria Barrera, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Ibtissem Ben Fekih, Paul-André Calatayud, Lizette Cicero, Marcellin C. Cokola, Yelitza C. Colmenarez, Kenza Dessauvages, Thomas Dubois, Léna Durocher-Granger, Carlos Espinel, Patrick Fallet, José L. Fernández-Triana, Frederic Francis, Juliana Gómez, Khalid Haddi, Rhett D. Harrison, Muhammad Haseeb, Natasha S.A. Iwanicki, Lara R. Jaber, Fathiya M. Khamis, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Refugio J. Lomeli-Flores, Rogerio B. Lopes, Baoqian Lyu, James Montoya-Lerma, Melissa P. Montecalvo, Andrew Polaszek, Tung D. Nguyen, Ihsan Nurkomar, James E. O'Hara, Jermaine D. Perier, Ricardo Ramírez-Romero, Francisco J. Sánchez-García, Ann M. Robinson-Baker, Luis C. Silveira, Larisner Simeon, Leellen F. Solter, Oscar F. Santos-Amaya, Elijah J. Talamas, Wagner de Souza Tavares, Rogelio Trabanino, Ted C.J. Turlings, Fernando H. Valicente, Carlos Vásquez, Zhenying Wang, Ana P.G.S. Wengrat, Lian-Sheng Zang, Wei Zhang, Kennedy J. Zimba, Kongming Wu, Maged Elkahky, and Buyung A.R. Hadi

Subjects
Ecological intensification, Global change, Biological control, Agroecology, Ecosystem services, Agrochemical pollution, Agriculture, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Since 2016, the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda has spread over extensive areas of the tropics and subtropics, imperiling food security, economic progress and the livelihoods of millions of cereal farmers. Although FAW has received long-standing scientific attention in its home range in the Americas, chemical inputs feature prominently in its mitigation and biological control uptake is globally lagging. Here, building upon a quantitative review of the global literature, we methodically dissect FAW biological control science. Of the known entomopathogens (46), parasitoids (304) and predators (215) of FAW, approx. 40% have been subject to laboratory- or field-level scrutiny. Laboratory-level performance has partially been assessed for 14–18% of the above invertebrate taxa. Yet, organismal, geographic, methodological and thematic biases hamper efforts to relate in-field biodiversity to actual ecosystem service delivery. Often, single-guild ‘snapshot’ surveys are preferred over comprehensive bio-inventories or population dynamics appraisals, trophic interactions are wrongly inferred from co-occurrence, standard pest infestation metrics are lacking and natural enemy censuses are performed arbitrarily. Diurnal biota receive inordinate attention, while egg and pupal predation - the main biotic sources of mortality - are routinely overlooked. Multiple microbial and invertebrate biota are investigated with a view towards mass-rearing and augmentative release, but the basis for agent selection is often unclear. Lastly, conservation biological control receives marginal attention and cross-disciplinary engagement with the agroecology domain is lagging. We lay out several steps, including standardized methodologies, smart use of biodemographic toolkits, networked field trials and a fortification of its ecological underpinnings, to sharpen the science of (FAW) biological control and urge further momentum in its global implementation.

Published
2024
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23. Family-Based Cohort Association Study of 'PRKCB1,' 'CBLN1' and 'KCNMB4' Gene Polymorphisms and Autism in Polish Population

Author

Iwanicki, Tomasz, Balcerzyk, Anna, Kazek, Beata, Emich-Widera, Ewa, Likus, Wirginia, Iwanicka, Joanna, Kapinos-Gorczyca, Agnieszka, Kapinos, Maciej, Jarosz, Alicja, Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw, Górczynska-Kosiorz, Sylwia, and Niemiec, Pawel

Abstract

The aim of the study was to perform family-based association analysis of "PRKCB1," "CBLN1" and "KCNMB4" gene polymorphisms and autism disorder. We comprised 206 Caucasian children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and their biological parents. In transmission/disequilibrium test we observed that T-allele of the rs198198 polymorphism of the "PRKCB1" gene was more often transmitted to affected children in the male subgroup (p = 0.010). Additionally, the T carrier state was significantly associated with hypotonia (p = 0.048). In the female subgroup, the T-allele carriers more often showed more mobile/vital behavior (p = 0.046). In conclusion, our study showed that the rs198198 of the "PRKCB1" gene may be associated with ASD in men and with some features characteristic for the disorder.

Published
2022
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27. Global scientific progress and shortfalls in biological control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Author

Wyckhuys, Kris A.G., Akutse, Komivi S., Amalin, Divina M., Araj, Salah-Eddin, Barrera, Gloria, Beltran, Marie Joy B., Ben Fekih, Ibtissem, Calatayud, Paul-André, Cicero, Lizette, Cokola, Marcellin C., Colmenarez, Yelitza C., Dessauvages, Kenza, Dubois, Thomas, Durocher-Granger, Léna, Espinel, Carlos, Fallet, Patrick, Fernández-Triana, José L., Francis, Frederic, Gómez, Juliana, Haddi, Khalid, Harrison, Rhett D., Haseeb, Muhammad, Iwanicki, Natasha S.A., Jaber, Lara R., Khamis, Fathiya M., Legaspi, Jesusa C., Lomeli-Flores, Refugio J., Lopes, Rogerio B., Lyu, Baoqian, Montoya-Lerma, James, Montecalvo, Melissa P., Polaszek, Andrew, Nguyen, Tung D., Nurkomar, Ihsan, O'Hara, James E., Perier, Jermaine D., Ramírez-Romero, Ricardo, Sánchez-García, Francisco J., Robinson-Baker, Ann M., Silveira, Luis C., Simeon, Larisner, Solter, Leellen F., Santos-Amaya, Oscar F., Talamas, Elijah J., de Souza Tavares, Wagner, Trabanino, Rogelio, Turlings, Ted C.J., Valicente, Fernando H., Vásquez, Carlos, Wang, Zhenying, Wengrat, Ana P.G.S., Zang, Lian-Sheng, Zhang, Wei, Zimba, Kennedy J., Wu, Kongming, Elkahky, Maged, and Hadi, Buyung A.R.

Published
2024
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33. Expression and display of UreA of Helicobacter acinonychis on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores

Author

De Felice Maurilio, Peszyńska-Sularz Grażyna, Iwanicki Adam, Karczewska Joanna, Dembek Marcin, Isticato Rachele, Hinc Krzysztof, Obuchowski Michał, and Ricca Ezio

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Abstract Background The bacterial endospore (spore) has recently been proposed as a new surface display system. Antigens and enzymes have been successfully exposed on the surface layers of the Bacillus subtilis spore, but only in a few cases the efficiency of expression and the effective surface display and have been determined. We used this heterologous expression system to produce the A subunit of the urease of the animal pathogen Helicobater acinonychis. Ureases are multi-subunit enzymes with a central role in the virulence of various bacterial pathogens and necessary for colonization of the gastric mucosa by the human pathogen H. pylori. The urease subunit UreA has been recognized as a major antigen, able to induce high levels of protection against challenge infections. Results We expressed UreA from H. acinonychis on the B. subtilis spore coat by using three different spore coat proteins as carriers and compared the efficiency of surface expression and surface display obtained with the three carriers. A combination of western-, dot-blot and immunofluorescence microscopy allowed us to conclude that, when fused to CotB, UreA is displayed on the spore surface (ca. 1 × 103 recombinant molecules per spore), whereas when fused to CotC, although most efficiently expressed (7-15 × 103 recombinant molecules per spore) and located in the coat layer, it is not displayed on the surface. Experiments with CotG gave results similar to those with CotC, but the CotG-UreA recombinant protein appeared to be partially processed. Conclusion UreA was efficiently expressed on the spore coat of B. subtilis when fused to CotB, CotC or CotG. Of these three coat proteins CotC allows the highest efficiency of expression, whereas CotB is the most appropriate for the display of heterologous proteins on the spore surface.

Published
2010
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34. Musculoskeletal diseases as the basis for issuing disability certificates for children

Author

Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka and Janusz Andrzej Iwanicki

Subjects
disability, musculoskeletal diseases, children, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction There are nearly 240 million children living with disabilities worldwide – 1 in 10 of all children. The Polish disability certification system is characterized by a significant level of complexity. At the same time the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS), Agricultural Social Insurance Fund (KRUS) and poviat/city disability adjudication teams, voivodeship disability adjudication teams/councils, the Ministry of Family and Social Policy supervising poviat and voivodeship teams/councils issue different certificates. The system is complemented by the appeals to the court which resolve complaints against the decisions of voivodship teams. Children are considered individuals under 16 years of age. They can get a disability certificate if necessary. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of children obtaining a disability certificate due to diseases of the locomotor system in Lublin within the last 16 years. Material and methods The authors asked the Municipal Disability Adjudication Council in Lublin to provide data on the number of disability certificates issued for children up to 16 years of age in the years 2006–2021.The data used for the analysis come from the electronic system that collects and processes them according to the assumed patterns. Results In the years 2006–2021 the Municipal Disability Adjudication Council in Lublin issued 9,929 disability certificates for children up to 16 years of age. The total number of certificates issued because of musculoskeletal disorders was 1,085 (mean 68/year). Majority of the recipients were 8–16 years old. There were 524 girls (mean 32.75/year) and 561 boys (mean 35.06/year). Conclusions In children musculoskeletal problems are in the third position after diseases of the respiratory tract and developmental disorders as the reason for obtaining a disability certificate in Lublin. Comparing this data with others, it can be concluded that the situation is similar to data from developed countries.

Published
2023
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38. Histotripsy induces apoptosis and reduces hypoxia in a neuroblastoma xenograft model

Author

Isabella Iwanicki, Lydia L. Wu, Fernando Flores-Guzman, Rachael Sundland, Paula Viza-Gomes, Rachel Nordgren, Connor S. Centner, Jessica J. Kandel, Mark A. Applebaum, Kenneth B. Bader, and Sonia L. Hernandez

Subjects
Histotripsy, neuroblastoma, hypoxia, VEGF, PDGFB, apoptosis, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

AbstractBackground Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, and high-risk disease is resistant to intensive treatment. Histotripsy is a focused ultrasound therapy under development for tissue ablation via bubble activity. The goal of this study was to assess outcomes of histotripsy ablation in a xenograft model of high-risk NB.Methods Female NCr nude mice received NGP-luciferase cells intrarenally. Under ultrasound image guidance, histotripsy pulses were applied over a distance of 4–6 mm within the tumors. Bioluminescence indicative of tumor viability was quantified before, immediately after, and 24 h after histotripsy exposure. Tumors were immunostained to assess apoptosis (TUNEL), endothelium (endomucin), pericytes (αSMA), hypoxia (pimonidazole), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B). The apoptotic cytokine TNFα and its downstream effector cleaved caspase-3 (c-casp-3) were assessed with SDS-PAGE.Results Histotripsy induced a 50% reduction in bioluminescence compared to untreated controls, with an absence of nuclei in the treatment core surrounded by a dense rim of TUNEL-positive cells. Tumor regions not targeted by histotripsy also showed an increase in TUNEL staining density. Increased apoptosis in histotripsy samples was consistent with increases in TNFα and c-casp-3 relative to controls. Treated tumors exhibited a decrease in hypoxia, VEGF, PDGF-B, and pericyte coverage of vasculature compared to control samples. Further, increases in vasodilation were found in histotripsy-treated specimens.Conclusions In addition to ablative effects, histotripsy was found to drive tumor apoptosis through intrinsic pathways, altering blood vessel architecture, and reducing hypoxia.

Published
2023
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39. Initiation Patterns and Transitions Among Adults Using Stimulant Drugs: Latent Transition Analysis

Author

Joshua C Black, Hannah L Burkett, Karilynn M Rockhill, Richard Olson, Richard C Dart, and Janetta Iwanicki

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThe fourth wave of the drug overdose epidemic in the United States includes increasing rates of stimulant-involved overdose. Recent studies of transitions leading to stimulant misuse have shown complex patterns that are not universally applicable because they have isolated individual populations or individual behaviors. A comprehensive analysis of transitions between behaviors and the associations with present-day problematic drug use has not been conducted. ObjectiveThis study aims to determine whether adults from the general population who use stimulants initiate use through a heterogeneous combination of behaviors and quantify the association between these typologies with present-day problematic drug use. MethodsIndividuals who have reported use of any stimulant in their lifetime were recruited from the 2021 Survey of Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs Program, a nationally representative web-based survey on drug use, to participate in a rapid follow-up survey about their past stimulant use. Individuals were asked which stimulants they used, the reasons for use, the routes of administration, and the sources of the stimulant. For each stimulant-related behavior, they were asked at what age, between 6 and 30 years, they initiated each behavior in a 6-year time window. A latent transition analysis was used to characterize heterogeneity in initiation typologies. Mutually exclusive pathways of initiation were identified manually by the researchers. The association of these pathways with present-day problematic drug use was calculated using logistic regression adjusted by the current age of the respondent. ResultsFrom a total of 1329 participants, 740 (55.7%) reported lifetime prescription stimulant use and 1077 (81%) reported lifetime illicit stimulant use. Three typologies were identified. The first typology was characterized by illicit stimulant initiation to get high, usually via oral or snorting routes and acquisition from friends or family or a dealer (illicit experimentation). The second typology was characterized by low, but approximately equal probabilities of initiating 1-2 new behaviors in a time window, but no singular set of behaviors characterized the typology (conservative initiation). The third was characterized by a high probability of initiating many diverse combinations of behaviors (nondiscriminatory experimentation). The choice of drug initiated was not a strong differentiator. Categorization of pathways showed those who were only in an illicit experimentation status (reference) had the lowest odds of having severe present-day problematic drug use. Odds were higher for a conservative initiation-only status (odds ratio [OR] 1.84, 95% CI 1.14-2.94), which is higher still for those moving from illicit experimentation to conservative initiation (OR 3.50, 95% CI 2.13-5.74), and highest for a nondiscriminatory experimentation status (OR 5.45, 95% CI 3.39-8.77). ConclusionsInitiation of stimulant-related use behaviors occurred across many time windows, indicating that multiple intervention opportunities are presented. Screening should be continued throughout adulthood to address unhealthy drug use before developing into full substance use disorders.

Published
2023
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40. Implementation of standardized cystic fibrosis care algorithm to improve the center data-quality improvement project international collaboration

Author

Gokdemir, Yasemin, Eralp, Ela Erdem, Ergenekon, Almala Pinar, Yilmaz Yegit, Cansu, Yanaz, Muruvvet, Mursaloğlu, Hakan, Uzunoglu, Burcu, Kocamaz, Damla, Tastan, Gamze, Kenis Coskun, Ozge, Filbrun, Amy, Enochs, Catherine, Bouma, Sandra, Iwanicki, Courtney, Karakoc, Fazilet, Nasr, Samya Z, and Karadag, Bulent

Published
2023
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45. L1CAM is required for early dissemination of fallopian tube carcinoma precursors to the ovary

Author

Kai Doberstein, Rebecca Spivak, Hunter D. Reavis, Jagmohan Hooda, Yi Feng, Paul T. Kroeger, Sarah Stuckelberger, Gordon B. Mills, Kyle M. Devins, Lauren E. Schwartz, Marcin P. Iwanicki, Mina Fogel, Peter Altevogt, and Ronny Drapkin

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

L1CAM is implicated as an important factor that enables early fallopian tube cancer precursors to seed the ovary by promoting cell survival through extracellular matrix signaling, thereby facilitating ovarian cancer growth.

Published
2022
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46. 'SOCJALIZACJA I RESOCJALIZACJA RAZEM' JAKO NOWATORSKI PROGRAM READAPTACYJNY SŁUŻĄCY KSZTAŁTOWANIU SPOŁECZNIE POŻĄDANYCH POSTAW SKAZANYCH

Author

Hubert Iwanicki and Mateusz Jakub Janda

Subjects
socjalizacja, resocjalizacja, readaptacja społeczna, więźniowie, zakład karny, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

Proces resocjalizacji w realizowany w zakładach karnych jest niezwykle trudny ze względu na specyfikę samej instytucji więzienia i sam fakt izolacji społecznej biorących w nim udział osób. Powszechnie uważa się, że jej skuteczność zależy przede wszystkim od motywacji osób skazanych oraz skuteczności i autentyczności kompetencji funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej. Projekt ,,Resocjalizacja i Socjalizacja Razem” realizowany w Areszcie Śledczym w Grójcu Oddział Zewnętrzny w Stawiszynie jest nowatorskim programem readaptacji społecznej osób odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności. Celem programu jest wzbudzenie w osadzonych empatii oraz odbudowanie poczucia własnej wartości, szacunku i akceptacji dla siebie. Więźniowie, którzy opiekują się zwierzętami, mają namiastkę wolności. Często po raz pierwszy w życiu okazują uczucia i zauważają, że są dla kogoś ważni a sama obecność zwierząt sprawia, że czują się lepsi i bardziej potrzebni, co może ułatwić im powrót do normalnego życia w społeczeństwie.

Published
2023
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47. Differing Behaviors Around Adult Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants and Opioids: Latent Class Analysis

Author

Karilynn M Rockhill, Richard Olson, Richard C Dart, Janetta L Iwanicki, and Joshua C Black

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThe availability of central nervous system stimulants has risen in recent years, along with increased dispensing of stimulants for treatment of, for example, parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and new diagnoses during adulthood. Typologies of drug use, as has been done with opioids, fail to include a sufficient range of behavioral factors to contextualize person-centric circumstances surrounding drug use. Understanding these patterns across drug classes would bring public health and regulatory practices toward precision public health. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to quantitatively delineate the unique behavioral profiles of adults who currently nonmedically use stimulants and opioids using a latent class analysis and to contrast the differences in findings by class. We further evaluated whether the subgroups identified were associated with an increased Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 (DAST-10) score, which is an indicator of average problematic drug use. MethodsThis study used a national cross-sectional web-based survey, using 3 survey launches from 2019 to 2020 (before the COVID-19 pandemic). Data from adults who reported nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (n=2083) or prescription opioids (n=6127) in the last 12 months were analyzed. A weighted latent class analysis was used to identify the patterns of use. Drug types, motivations, and behaviors were factors in the model, which characterized unique classes of behavior. ResultsFive stimulant nonmedical use classes were identified: amphetamine self-medication, network-sourced stimulant for alertness, nonamphetamine performance use, recreational use, and nondiscriminatory behaviors. The drug used nonmedically, acquisition through a friend or family member, and use to get high were strong differentiators among the stimulant classes. The latter 4 classes had significantly higher DAST-10 scores than amphetamine self-medication (P

Published
2023
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49. Testing sand and soil from selected playgrounds in Lublin for eggs of nematodes of the genus: Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris

Author

Chodun-Wroblewska Wiktoria, Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara, and Iwanicki Janusz Andrzej

Subjects
children, sand, toxocara, trichuris, ascaris, health, Medicine
Abstract

Children need to play outdoors. It is a natural tendency for young children to put everything in their mouths. Hygienic condition of playgrounds is important for maintaining their health. Companion animals (dogs and cats) as well as wild animals can transmit parasites that cause zoonoses in humans. Such infections often affects children playing in sandpits and playgrounds. Sand samples taken from specific locations (sandboxes, playgrounds) can be tested for the presence of parasite eggs specific to humans and animals (Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris). They cause ascariasis, toxocarosis, trichurosis. Invasive eggs of the parasites due to the very thick, multi-layered egg shells are very resistant to the influence of climatic factors and to chemicals present in the environment. The only way to get rid of parasite eggs from locations where they endanger human health is to remove the top layer of sand or soil or completely replace the sand. However, this is a laborious and costly procedure.

Published
2022
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