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The article is devoted to the development of adult education, its andragogical principles and the impact on the quality of lifelong pedagogical education. The authors examined the mechanisms for improving the quality of lifelong pedagogical education by updating the content, developing and implementing innovative teaching technologies following new European guidelines and concepts in education, taking into account national educational traditions. In the article, the authors considered the basic concepts of andragogy, investigated the specifics of andragogical processes, the world experience in adult education. The authors noted that adult education today is based on continuous learning, self-education, and self-development. People will have to retrain 2-3 times in life; they will retrain at least once in adulthood. The research methodology is based on personality-activity and systematic approaches. As a result of theoretical and methodological research, the authors proposed a mechanism based on information technology (distance learning), the principles of androgynous learning and the specific features of adult learning (which the authors divided into three groups). This mechanism can increase the effectiveness of andragogical education in developing an educational trajectory. Further research is the search for ways of state financing of andragogical education and the development of indicators of its effectiveness.

Abstract The thermal conductivity of engobed building ceramics was studied as a function of their microstructure. The following thermal conductivity coefficients of the samples were determined: clinker bricks with 5% water absorption - 1.04 W/(m·K) and facing bricks (ordinary) with 12% water absorption - 0.48 W/(m·K) (ignoring the voids in the samples). A comparison of the thermal conductivity of brick samples of uniform thickness without engobe and with engobe showed that the latter had a slight increase in thermal conductivity of 0.3% due to forming a denser outer layer on its surface with 2.0-0.3% water absorption. However, as the engobe coating is applied as an additional layer on the top of the ceramic bricks and the product has a greater thickness, the heat flow through the engobed bricks is 0.1-0.2 % lower. The results can be applied to technologies for achieving energy-efficient decorative and protective coatings for building ceramics.

The article reconsiders the process of teaching linguistic disciplines in the digital environment in the format of contemporary higher philological education. The paper focuses on discussing technological teaching methods that can also be applied in another study field. Based on their own extensive experience in conducting and evaluating the quality of education based on various web-tools, the authors provide a detailed analysis of advanced teaching practices in online and mixed formats, offer authentic methods of instructing students, assessing these methods in terms of current innovations in the technological educational sphere. The authors managed to demonstrate the effects of introducing “digital pedagogy” into the educational process. The term “digital” describes various aspects of information storage and transmission, communication processes between a teacher and students. The methodological principles of teaching related to the development and adaptation of teaching processes to the digital world are systematized. The disciplines of the linguistic cycle are interpreted as an illustrative practical example for the implementation of the basic principles of digital pedagogy. Innovative formats have been identified that provide personalized higher education. It is traced which effective traditional methods can be complemented by technical innovations. The paper analyzes effective ways of conducting online and remote assessment of the learning process and new knowledge of students. The grounds for the rational correlation of distance and mixed education, universal motives and cultural differences in the requirements for these types of education are revealed. The advantages and problems of using social networks and other media for online learning are described. The paper explores how the design of a specific linguistic course can facilitate an online seminar. The importance of not only student-teacher communication in such conditions is emphasized, but also ways to encourage student-peer communication. The article examines the ways advanced technologies can be used to support and expand the teaching of linguistics, as well as the specifics of organizing practical study of linguistics in remote work with students.

The aim of the article is to carry out a bibliographic analysis of articles related to the use of IT in economic education, in order to characterise the future landscape of scientific and pedagogical research. The material for the analysis were publications from the scientometric database Web of Science from 2020 to 26 March 2024. Only open access publications were taken into account. The VOSviewer application was used to qualitatively characterise the publication's landscape using keyword sets. The search was conducted among publications from 2020 using the words "information technology" and "economic education" in the "Keywords" and "Abstract" fields according to the search formula "information technology AND economic education". In terms of quantitative indicators, there is reason to believe that with the development of the IT industry and, importantly, with the emergence of artificial intelligence and the development of machine learning, the number of qualitative studies in economic education is growing. The subject of such research is the modernisation of economic disciplines, the introduction of active learning methods, and the spread of digital platforms that improve the training of economists. A qualitative analysis of the keywords that form the three main clusters of research reveals three trends: (1) the trend of integrative influence of IT development on the development of educational institutions, introduction of innovative models in economic education and its management; (2) the trend of development of personal qualities under the influence of economic education with the use of information technologies; (3) the trend of integration of economic education into socio-economic processes and its impact on human resources and their development. These areas are interconnected and therefore considered promising for the future: research related to the various impacts of the digital economy on the development of universities and their digital administration (digital university, provision of educational services anywhere in the world; development of digital learning environments and pedagogical design, and so forth); research related to the development of learning technologies under the influence of Internet technologies (immersive, gaming technologies, simulations, use of virtual and augmented reality), development of individual qualities of specialists in the field of economics (development of relevant skills – critical and creative thinking, digital communication skills, lifelong learning); research that reveals the peculiarities of organising education in the face of constraints and characterises the causes of digital divide; study of economic processes that determine the links between economic growth, economic education, the introduction of Industry 4.0 and the spread of artificial intelligence in all areas of the national economy.

The effect of broadband disturbances on the operation of a noise-immune digital speckle pattern interferometer with a continuous wave laser emitter and a diffuse-scattering element arranged in front of an oscillating turbine wheel has been studied. Visibility dependences of the recorded interference patterns were obtained under the action of different types of artificially created disturbances. It is shown that the most dangerous mechanical disturbances for the operation of a speckle pattern interferometer are periodic noise and pink noise, whereas white noise and natural vibrations of the floor in the room where the experimental setup was accommodated do not significantly influence the quality of the information recorded by the interferometer. This article analyzes the influence of the mechanical properties of the diffuse-scattering element arranged in the speckle pattern interferometer on the quality of the obtained interference patterns. A relationship between the growth of forced tangential oscillations of the diffuse-scattering element and a decrease in the contrast of interference fringes was noted. In this case, an increase in the thickness of the organic glass plate of the diffuse-scattering element up to 8 mm leads to the neutralization of the pink noise action on the speckle pattern interferometer operation. At the same time, the effect of periodic noises decreases the contrast of interference patterns recorded for the cases of using 5 mm and 8 mm thick organic glass plates.

В роботі проведено аналіз зносу різців та виявлено, що більшість з них придатна для використання, так як форма твердосплавного наконечника не дуже змінилась та може використовуватися для подрібнення асфальто-бетонної суміші. Була розроблена та запропонована методика відновлення хвостової частини корпусу різців. Маршрут відновлення наступний: 1. Очищення різця. 2. Нагрівання пропаново-кисневим полум’ям хвостової частини різця. 3. Пластичне деформування корпусу різця у штампі. 4. Охолодження на повітрі. 5. Контрольне вимірювання зміни розмірів. Рекомендована температура термообробки під пластичну деформацію залежить від концентрації вуглецю і легуючих елементів сталі та знаходиться в діапазоні температур від 800 до 1280°С, час нагріву 1,33 хв. Попередньо перед деформацією, корпус різця нагрівали за допомогою пропаново-кисневого полум’я. Осадку проводили в закритому штампі за допомогою спеціального пуансона. В матриці розміщували головку різця, на яку встановлювалась направляюча з пуансоном. Відпрацьована технологія відновлення хвостової частини різця роздаванням. За запропонованою технологією відбувається роздавлюваня хвостової частини корпусу різця від 0,04 мм до 0,73 мм на сторону. Таким чином відновлюються різці дорожніх фрез майже до розмірів нової деталі, що дає змогу повторного використання.

Background. Many COVID-19 survivors suffer from post-COVID syndrome, which significantly worsens the quality of life. Its presentation is quite diverse, with cognitive disorders being of particular importance. Liver injury due to the direct virus action and the treatment of the new coronavirus infection can persist for a long time during the recovery period and lead to hyperammonemia, which can cause cognitive disorders, including minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Aim. To study cognitive disorders in post-COVID syndrome and the possibility of their treatment with L-ornithine-L-aspartate. Materials and methods. The study included 30 students from 18 to 24 years old who had COVID-19 and decreased attention, memory impairment, and other cognitive disorders inherent in hepatic encephalopathy of latent (grade 0) or mild (grade 1) severity, without pronounced impairment of intelligence, memory, speech, and learning ability. Hyperammonemia, elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and -glutamyl transpeptidase, signs of hepatic encephalopathy according to psychometric tests, were reported in young people. All patients in the study were treated with L-ornithine-L-aspartate to correct the ammonia blood level and improve signs of hepatic encephalopathy and the general condition. Results and conclusion. An improvement in the objective findings, liver enzymes, a decrease in ammonia level, and an improvement in testing results for changes in cognitive functions were reported.

Objective. The purpose of the work is to develop practical recommendations for the design and manufacture of a heat exchanger using heat pipes, which could find widespread use in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems at facilities for various purposes. Method. The research is based on methods of thermodynamic analysis, full-scale and computational modeling of processes and objects of refrigeration and cryogenic technology, air conditioning and life support systems. Result. The implementation of the practical recommendations studied in the work on the use and design of heat exchangers using heat pipes in ventilation, heating and air conditioning systems will provide significant savings in energy spent on heating and/or cooling the air supplied to the room served by the HVAC system. To reduce heat loss in a building, it is rational to maintain air balance and compensate for the exhaust air with an organized influx of outside air, to heat which the heat of the removed exhaust air is utilized. Conclusion. Compared to a heat exchanger based on a glycol recuperator, a regenerator using heat pipes is less energy-intensive, requires virtually no maintenance, and is also more energy efficient due to the absence of a pumping device that requires electricity in the design. At the same time, the ability to completely separate the supply and exhaust ventilation flows of the regenerator on heat pipes is preserved, which is extremely in demand in medical institutions, due to the need to comply with strict sanitary standards.

Students’ adjustment to higher education process depends largely on the body’s individual features. The student’s physiological and psychological status, as well as the initial motivational setting attitudes are the determining factors. Given this backcloth, the search for ways to improve the health, while aiming at enhancing future qualified specialists’ working and adjustment capacity, appears to be an issue of utmost importance.Material and methods. A longitudinal study involving university students of different years was carried out, through which anthropometric data were evaluated for the same students in their 1st year and then – in their 2nd year of training; the concentration of testosterone and cortisol in saliva, thyroid-stimulating hormone and triiodothyronine in blood serum was measured by ELISA; also, psychophysiological values were estimated through unified questionnaires.Results. The results showed that over the course of education, the students had their hemoglobin concentration, average hemoglobin content in erythrocytes, and leukocyte number decreased. Notable was a significant increase in 3rd year students’ thyroid-stimulating hormone content and a decrease of triiodothyronine and testosterone. A test relying on the Buss – Durkee Hostility Inventory helped to detect an increase in the aggression and suspicion criterion indicators among senior students if matched versus similar values obtained for their freshmen-counterparts.Conclusions. The research outcomes expand the informational and the methodological base required to evaluate an average student’s functional status from the standpoint of a systematic approach and the theory of the norm. Besides, such data will offer an insight into the main mechanisms behind stressinducing, just like stress-limiting, adjustment strategies. This study of the morphofunctional status indicators allows – while within the annual health monitoring approach – identifying the regulatory and the adjustment capacities in students, both at the time they are enrolled as freshmen and further, thus helping predict the potential risk of maladjustment, which, in turn, may serve a useful tool in taking preventive measures, the final goal being to maintain students’ health through their higher education training period.

The article examines that the orientation of enterprise development to its security is caused by a high level of uncertainty, especially of the external environment of its activity. The content of the concept of «security-oriented development of enterprise» is disclosed, its distinctiveness from the development of enterprise is shown. The vectors of security-oriented development of enterprise (product, technological, market and organizational) are analyzed and their place in the architecture of security-oriented development of enterprise is shown. The security-oriented development of an enterprise is possible in the presence of certain prerequisites that lay down its initial provisions, assumptions, and prerequisites. The prerequisites for the security-oriented development of an enterprise are divided into two groups by their nature – opportunities and threats. The contents of the concepts of «opportunities for security-oriented development of enterprise» and «threats to security-oriented development of enterprise» are disclosed, their general lists are provided. Opportunities and threats to the security-oriented development of enterprise are divided into real, potential, and unpredictable. The probabilistic nature of potential and unforeseen opportunities and threats to the security-oriented development of enterprise is shown. The similar nature of opportunities and threats to the security-oriented development of enterprise is disclosed and their common feature – dynamism, due to which they do not remain static, but are constantly changing, is revealed, which should be taken into account in decisions on the development of enterprise and ensuring its security. The features of solving the issue of the priority of choosing the vector of development with the subsequent formation of a set of necessary changes in the activities of an enterprise or the formation of a set of possible changes as the basis for choosing a vector of its development are shown. It is noted that in order to overcome the limitations of qualitative assessment of opportunities and threats to the security-oriented development of enterprise it is necessary to find ways to quantify them, which, although quasi-quantitative, will be a more objective assessment.

Relevance. The category of patients with somatization disorders (SD) poses a serious problem for primary health care, where their prevalence reaches 40%. There is an opinion that in modern society there is a phenomenon of stigma, and a stigmatizing attitude towards the mentally ill persists. Currently, the phenomenon of self–stigmatization is being studied to a greater extent in severe mental disorders: the connection of self–stigmatization with social identity, a sense of self–worth, internal stability, and the ability to cope with stressful situations. The issue of developing destigmatized forms of care for patients with non–psychotic disorders, primarily psychotherapeutic offices in the primary health care network, remains relevant. The purpose of the study is to study differences in the severity of self–stigmatization and indicators of attitude towards the disease and treatment in patients with SD who sought help from a psychiatrist or psychotherapist and in women who avoided contacting specialized specialists. Methods. Questionnaire for assessing self–stigma I.I. Mikhailova, V.S. Yastrebova, a questionnaire to study attitudes towards the disease and treatment of B.D. Karvasarsky, correlation and regression analysis. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the relationships and parameters of motivation for treatment and the level of self–stigmatization in women suffering from somatization disorders with manifestations of «psychiatrist–avoiding behavior», on the basis of which the authors describe models of attitude towards treatment. Conclusions. Based on the identified relationships between the parameters of patients’ motivation to seek help from a psychiatrist and the level of self–stigmatization, it was possible to describe models of attitude towards treatment in patients with somatization disorders who have not sought specialized psychiatric help for a long time: «model of denial», «model of fixation», «model of ignoring» , confirmed by the presence of regressive connections and the «dubious benefit» model, justified by the presence of a positive linear correlation. The data obtained will form the basis for the development of a program of psychotherapeutic assistance and clinical and psychological support for patients with CP not only at the inpatient, but also at the outpatient stages of treatment.

The purpose of the study is to establish the peculiarities of operator’s work and the leading factors of the formation of its psychophysiological tension at nuclear power plants in the conditions of the threat of social catastrophe in connection with military operations. The study was conducted at the Zaporizhzhya and Khmelnytsky nuclear power plants for the period of 2020-2021. To study the dynamics of the psychophysiological state of operators of nuclear power plants, a verbal-communicative diagnostic method was used to collect information about the operators investigated using Google Form and traditional physiological, psychological and psychophysiological methods. The socio-demographic features of the investigated operators of the block control panel were analyzed. It was established that men only (100%) aged 24-49 and with work experience from 4 to 20 years were among the examined. All surveyed operators (41 people) are residents of the city, with completed higher education and are family members. The methods of psychological (reactive anxiety, mood, activity, mood, attention), physiological (cardiography, blood pressure) and psychophysiological (simple sensorimotor and psychophysical) research methods were used to empirically assess the intensity of activity of the operators of the block control panel of nuclear power plants. There were examined operators, while on duty when control errors and pre-accident situations were recorded. It was established that the psychological, physiological and psychophysiological characteristics of these operators are followed by increased reactive anxiety, decreased indicators of well-being, activity, mood, reduction in functional reserves of the cardiorespiratory system, mental and physical capacity. These indicators are considered as criteria for the development of regulatory measures. It is proposed to take into account not only technological factors, but also the psychophysiological features of operators in the dynamics of their manifestation when developing measures for the optimal selection and personnel placement. The complex of methods for researching the functional state of operators can be used to optimize their professional selection and retraining, which can lead to reducing accidents and costs for professional training. The expected effect is an increase in the efficiency and quality of operator’s activity, the productivity and reliability of the performance of production tasks, an increase in professional longevity, a decrease in rate and occupationally-related morbidity of these specialists.

Secondary metabolites synthesized by the producer Streptomyces are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile, and agricultural industries. These industries around the world are developing rapidly, as a result of which they need new engineering solutions that should increase the yield of the final product and optimize the production process. Understanding the dependence of the optimal correlation of the components of the nutrient medium on the increase in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by the producer Streptomyces will promote the development of these industries in economic and ecological aspects. In this study, we optimized the quantitative correlation of twelve (6+6) components of the nutrient fermentation medium for Streptomyces recifensis var. lyticus 2P-15. For optimization we used the simplex method of mathematical modeling of the optimization conditions of the biotechnological process. After optimization, a 6.36 times increase in the level of biosynthetic capacity was obtained compared to the control version of the medium. To determine the dynamics of biosynthesis, samples of culture fluid were taken. Sampling was carried out every 24 hours of cultivation, the dynamics of pH diapason, biomass accumulation in mg/ml and amylolytic activity in U/mL were determined. The correlation of amylolytic activity to the level of biomass accumulation was taken as the biosynthetic capacity of the strain. A photocolometric method based on the starch-iodine method was used to determine amylolytic activity. The volume of biomass accumulation was determined by a weighted method. As a result of the optimization, the composition of the nutrient medium was developed, in which the degree of synthesis of amylolytic enzymes increased by 6.11 times, and there was a significant increase in biomass accumulation, while the cost of the optimized medium was reduced by 1.5–2.0 times from the initial one. Positive dynamics were studied when new components were introduced into the environment, such as sodium glutamate and corn extract. Optimum concentrations of monosodium glutamate were established at 0.5% of the volume of the nutrient medium and corn extract at a concentration of 1%, respectively. The significance of the positive effect upon the introduction of heavy metal ions and some vitamins into the medium was also checked, the obtained results provide an opportunity for further research into these aspects of the composition of the nutrient medium. The advantage of biotechnological developments in matters of industrial enzymology is the opportunity to obtain not only raw materials for the pharmaceutical or other industries (where it will only acquire a final form), but also produce as a final product in a ready, convenient form. Enzyme preparations of microbial origin, which can be obtained from the studied strain, have unique properties (efficiency and specificity of action, non-toxicity, ability to work in mild conditions, to process various raw materials of plant and animal origin), in connection with which their use in industry will be profitable from the economic and ecological point of view.