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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the practical aspects of training for parents and teachers of chronically ill children who are under long-term treatment in medical institutions. The paper identifies knowledge, attitudes and practices associated with both formal and non-formal education programs for teachers and parents of children undergoing long-term in-patient treatment. Innovative practices used in Moscow City University are presented, including educational techniques, methods and formats for training teachers and parents of children undergoing long-term treatment together with the results of parent surveys and interviews. The paper describes the benefits of a specially designed program of parent professional retraining to provide tutor support for children with long-term illnesses. Integrating the best informal training practices and formal training modules, this program allows for successful tutoring for children with long-term illnesses.

The article substantiates the expediency of introducing an extended and multilevel classification of territorial communities in Ukraine on the basis of the use of various classification signs and features, as well as the development of appropriate instruments (methodical approach) to the formation of a generalized classification. Based on the generalization of the current approaches to existing varieties of territories by analyzing individual directions of their functioning and life support, instruments have been developed for the formation of a generalized classification of territorial communities in Ukraine on the basis of a combination of a wide range of features, which will further form universal recommendations for defining models and directions of spatial development of communities and develop targeted instruments for their development and support, depending on the specifics and features. The peculiarity of the developed classification of territorial communities of Ukraine is the allocation of three main blocks of classification features: block of resource conditions of spatial development, the purpose of which is to identify those resources of various types that the community has to ensure for its development; a block of achieving the development capacity, which is designed to assess the efficiency of resource use and substantiate the feasibility of special government support for community development; a block of the problem-oriented development, which identifies the main problems of the community that exist or may become relevant during the period of implementation of the community development strategy. The result of the practical application of the proposed instruments for the classification of territorial communities should be the creation of conditions for each of them ion order to determine the level of capacity for self-development, formation of development priorities, use of directions and opportunities of government support in the process of developing a model, strategy and plans for its implementation, application of the program-project approach to the spatial development of territorial communities in Ukraine, depending on the extant, relevant needs and future prospects for the development of the country and its territories, including in the period of post-war recovery and restoration.

This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.

The study of combustion processes in the KAMAZ engine of the 820.60 series, running on compressed natural gas with forced ignition, is proposed to be carried out using the indexing method on a stationary laboratory installation. The composition of the equipment necessary for recording the combustion process and subsequent analysis has been determined. The criteria for the parameters of the pressure sensor, the characteristics of the analog-to-digital converter, the characteristics of detonation sensors and gas-air mixture composition sensors were taken into account. The installation locations of the sensors and the schemes for their coordination with the data acquisition system and the software functions for recording and processing signals have been determined.

5 groups were formed from quails of the Manchurian breed. The control group - the main diet, and the experimental ones were given 0.25% (1 experimental group (EG)); 0.5% (2EG); 0.75 (3EG) and 1% (4EG) Baikal EM-2 solution at the rate of 3 ml per head. Histological studies were performed at the age of 147 days. Egg production per average laying hen in the experimental groups was on average 11.7% higher compared to the control group, the average live weight of quails in the experimental groups is 1.2% higher. In the duodenum, in all experimental groups, there was a better development of villi by 19.8-58.6% (P≤0.001), and in the skinny, the height of the villi was significantly higher in EG1, EG2, and EG4 by 19%-48%. The crypt layer significantly increased in the duodenum of 4EG by 13.9% (P≤0.05). The muscular elements of the duodenum were better developed in the experimental groups. In the cecum, the size of the layers did not differ. We assume that the experienced bird achieved high zootechnical results due to the better development of the villi of the small intestine.

The article is concerned with topical issues of spatial development of territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of decentralization, taking into account the uncertainty caused by martial law and the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodical approach to substantiating the directions of spatial development of territorial communities based on the conception, principles, scientific methods, taking into account the criteria of their efficiency and factors of spatial development of territorial communities. To substantiate the directions of spatial development of territorial communities, a methodical approach is developed, which is based on a problem-oriented approach to substantiating the instrumentarium of spatial development of territorial communities and on a cognitive map of causal relationships of spatial development, a model of solutions to the problem of development of territorial communities, which takes into account development scenarios depending on the type of community. The criteria for the efficiency of spatial development of territorial communities can be the following: criteria for the potential of self-development of territorial communities (self-government, self-financing, self-organization); performance criteria – the results of the implementation of programs for the implementation of strategies for the development of territorial communities, development projects, etc. In order to ensure the vital functions of territorial communities under martial law and increase their ability to solve problems in the new realities, when substantiating the directions of spatial development of territories, the following should be taken into account: development of the potential of self-development of the territorial community; problem-oriented management of human resources of the community; organization of training for representatives of territorial communities on the implementation of mechanisms to support enterprises and internally displaced persons; formation of budgets of territorial communities during martial law and post-war status; preservation of the country’s intellectual potential in the post-war period; preservation of the country’s production potential, which will provide both the territorial communities with essential goods and the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine – with contemporary means of security and food products; financial support for community life; improvement of regulatory policy; ensuring economic and food security of territorial communities, etc.

The article examines the marketing communications used by enterprises of the travel industry. The purpose of the article is to study the latest marketing communications and develop directions for their application in the enterprises of the tourism and hotel business. The necessity of formation and implementation of marketing communication policy that meets the specifics and goals of the enterprise in order to achieve a high level of competitiveness and desired result of activity is substantiated. The features and structure of the complex of marketing communications of tourism industry enterprises containing the following elements: advertising, sales promotion, personal sales, public relations, and direct marketing are determined. The necessity of introducing the latest technologies in this sphere is proved, since in the modern world of global computerization it is simply necessary to use modern technological resources, in particular the Internet, especially in such a sensitive and competitive industry. According to the results of the analysis and generalization of the study of Travelport company, which is one of the outstanding providers of electronic distribution services in the travel industry, a rating of marketing communications used in the tourism and hotel business is compiled. Based on the results of the study, the need for an integrated approach to the planning and implementation of communication processes, based on the consistency of actions of all means of marketing communications within a single strategy to achieve the set marketing goals, is established. As an innovative marketing communication instrument, enterprises of the tourism and hotel business are offered the use of integrated marketing communications (IMC), which are holistic communication systems and allow to cover all aspects of the marketing complex, which further contributes to the most effective action on the consumer. So, depending on the direction of activity, the availability of human resources and financial condition, the company chooses a way to present itself in social networks through the most effective communication instrument, tailored to suit the market needs

The article deals with the topical problem of spatial development of territorial communities. The study aims at creating a methodical approach to identifying the problems in the functioning of territorial communities, the former being caused by unstable conditions, and the areas of spatial development of territories using a problem-oriented approach. The application of a problem-oriented approach to the spatial development of territorial communities is substantiated. The approach provides a set of actions in public administration and influences aimed at solving theoretical or practical problems of efficiently using local community resources by gaining new competitive advantages, creating favorable living conditions, ensuring population loyalty through actively solving the already existing and possible problems in community functioning. Within the problem-oriented framework, the spatial development of united territorial communities involves an approach based on the hypothesis that using the strategic capacity of a territorial community is not a problem-free process, and the arising problems require analysis and sound management decisions at the community level and within the powers of local authorities. A methodical approach to identifying problems with the functioning of territorial communities in an unstable environment is suggested. Namely, it involves analyzing the following issues: a) development level of united territorial communities through evaluating their resource provision and self-assessment of their development level, which helps to draw conclusions as for the effectiveness of using the community resources; b) legislative support for the spatial development of territorial communities; and c) the existing mechanisms, methods, and instruments of the state policy on the spatial development of Ukrainian territories. A cognitive map of interrelations between the existing problems of the spatial development of territorial communities has been drafted, in which four groups of problems are identified, in particular: 1) problems within the spatial development of territorial communities, and those connected with Ukraine’s territorial system; 2) problems of socio-economic development based on self-sufficiency; 3) problems in the local self-government system; 4) problems of rural development.

The main pathophysiological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the accumulation of aggregated alpha‐synuclein (αSyn). Microglial activation is an early event in PD and may play a key role in pathological αSyn aggregation and transmission, as well as in clearance of αSyn and immunotherapy efficacy. Our aim was to investigate how different proposed mechanisms of anti‐αSyn immunotherapy may contribute to pathology reduction in various PD‐like mouse models. Our mechanistic model of PD pathology in mouse includes αSyn production, aggregation, degradation and distribution in neurons, secretion into interstitial fluid, internalization, and subsequent clearance by neurons and microglia. It describes the influence of neuroinflammation on PD pathogenesis and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Multiple data from mouse PD models were used for calibration and validation. Simulations of anti‐αSyn passive immunotherapy adequately reproduce preclinical data and suggest that (1) immunotherapy is efficient in the reduction of aggregated αSyn in various models of PD‐like pathology; (2) prevention of aSyn spread only does not reduce the pathology; (3) a decrease in microglial inflammatory activation and aSyn aggregation may be alternative therapy approaches in PD‐like pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: The global emergence of antibiotic-resistant zooanthroponotic Escherichia coli strains, producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL-E) and persisting in the intestines of farm animals, has now led to the development of a pandemic of extra-intestinal infectious diseases in humans. The search for innovative probiotic microorganisms that eliminate ESBL-E from the intestines of humans and animals is relevant. Previously, we received three isolates of bifidobacteria: from milk of a calved cow (BLLT1), feces of a newborn calf (BLLT2) and feces of a three-year-old child who received fresh milk from this calved cow (BLLT3). Our goal was to evaluate the genetic identity of BLLT1, BLLT2, BLLT3 isolates using genomic DNA fingerprinting (GDF), to study the tolerance, adhesion, homeostatic and antibacterial activity of BLLT1 against ESBL-E. Methods: We used a complex of microbiological, molecular biological, and immunological methods, including next generation sequencing (NGS). Results: GDF showed that DNA fragments of BLLT2 and BLLT3 isolates were identical in number and size to DNA fragments of BLLT1. These data show for the first time the possibility of natural horizontal transmission of BLLT1 through with the milk of a calved cow into the intestines of a calf and the intestines of a child. BLLT1 was resistant to gastric and intestinal stresses and exhibited high adhesive activity to calf, pig, chicken, and human enterocytes. This indicates the unique ability of BLLT1 to inhabit the intestines of animals and humans. We are the first to show that BLLT1 has antibacterial activity against ESBL-E strains that persist in humans and animals. BLLT1 produced 145 ± 8 mM of acetic acid, which reduced the pH of the nutrient medium from 6.8 to 5.2. This had an antibacterial effect on ESBL-E. The genome of BLLT1 contains ABC-type carbohydrate transporter gene clusters responsible for the synthesis of acetic acid with its antibacterial activity against ESBL-E. BLLT1 inhibited TLR4 mRNA expression induced by ESBL-E in HT-29 enterocytes, and protected the enterocyte monolayers used in this study as a bio-model of the intestinal barrier. BLLT1 increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) as one of the main molecular factors providing intestinal homeostasis. Conclusions: BLLT1 shows promise for the creation of innovative functional nutritional products for humans and feed additives for farm animals that will reduce the spread of ESBL-E strains in the food chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is concerned with the topical issue of personnel provision for the development of amalgamated hromadas (AHs) in Ukraine. The article is aimed at scientific substantiation of the relationship between problems of human resource management and personnel policy of territorial communities in the context of decentralization of Ukraine. The article identifies and describes the most common problems of human resource management and personnel policy of amalgamated hromadas in the context of the decentralization reform in Ukraine: lack of a system for managing professional development, training and advanced training of the AH population; negative image of employees of local self-government bodies in Ukrainian society; lack of opportunity to realize one’s own professional competence and abilities; crisis of demographic reproduction and migration processes. Among the problems of personnel policy the authors identified the following: insufficient number of qualified specialists; lack of an optimal system of staffing; violation of democratic principles of openness, publicity and justice in the resolution of personnel issues; occurrence of corruption at different levels of government; irrational use of human resources; low prestige of work along with low wages. The cognitive relationship of problems in the field of personnel provision for the development of territorial communities is substantiated. The expediency of taking into account the problems of human resources use and personnel policy management as the main component of the socioeconomic development of amalgamated hromadas is specified. The relationship between human resource management problems and the efficiency of the personnel policy of territorial communities is proved. The authors substantiate expediency of directing the State policy of regional development towards: providing the territory with highly qualified human resources; development of intellectual capital of territorial communities; establishing constructive cooperation between educational institutions, research institutions, and enterprises of territorial communities; stimulating the development of social partnership in the context of decentralization.