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Studies the O-H stretching vibrations of glycine conformers using molecular beam depletion spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared matrix spectroscopy. Deposition of glycine molecules into large helium clusters; Trapping of the glycine molecules in various rare gas matrices; Gas phase absorption bands.

The results of the satellite monitoring of oil spills in the Barents Sea are analysed and discussed. For the first time, in 2015-2016, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images occurred regularly using the European Space Agency Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B satellites. To effectively analyse the SAR images and their detected dark patches, a geoinformation approach, specifically, a web-based GeoMixer application, was used. This involves the creation of a dedicated geoportal with a large volume of oceanographic, physical-geographical, and industrial information about the water basin, including the offshore oil and gas infrastructures and coastal vulnerability. Using this approach, as well as data from automatic ship identification systems, it is shown that the main sources of oil pollution (spills from 0.5 to 90 km2) are cargo shipping and fishing fleets. Summary maps of the detected and identified oil spills are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of routine satellite oil spill monitoring in the Eastern Black Sea (2011-2013) and the Northern & Middle Caspian Sea (2009-2013) by analysing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by space-borne SARs on board the European Environmental Satellite, Canadian SAR-equipped Radarsat-1, and Radarsat-2. The focus of operational monitoring is to provide information that assists in adequate responses, as well as further investigates the problem of recent oil pollution in these seas. A number of state-of-the-art technologies developed by Research and Development Centre SCANEX have been used to address this problem. For example, GeoMixer allows the integration and combination of all information needed for analysis by integrating all detected and verified spills and combining annual oil spill distribution maps and comparing them. Distributions of oil spills in the Black Sea and in the Caspian Sea are quite different, i.e. in their spatial patterns. In the Black Sea, the most important source of oil pollution is tank washing in the open sea (producing spills of 20-100 km2 or more) and illegal discharges. In the Caspian Sea, most of the detected oil spills in the northern and middle sections are from small ship-made discharges (≤10 km2) related to cargo traffic and fisheries. Despite the oil exploration and production (LUKOIL and others) in the Northern Caspian, no oil spills related to oil production have been detected. An ill-estimated source is natural oil seeping, mainly in the southern part of the Caspian. It is therefore concluded that the distribution of oil spills in a particular sea may depend strongly on a number of causes, including ship and tanker traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fourier transform infrared spectra of 2[sup ′]-deoxyribonucleoside–thymidine (dT) in low-temperature Ar matrices are obtained in the range 4000–1300 cm[sup -1]. It is determined that anti-conformers of thymidine are dominant. The ribose rings of the main anti-conformers dT_a0, dT_a1 are in the C2[sup ′]-endo conformation, but the ribose rings of minor anti-conformers dT_a2, dT_a3 have the C3[sup ′]-endo conformation, stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds O3[sup ′]H...O5[sup ′] and O5[sup ′]H...O3[sup ′], respectively. The main syn-conformer dT_s2 is stabilized by the intramolecular hydrogen bond O5[sup ′]H...O2 and has C2[sup ′]-endo conformation of the ribose ring. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]