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Introduction: The introduction of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) has revolutionized the field of endodontics. This alloy allows for easy navigation of the canal curvatures, enabling more conservative root canal preparations in a significantly reduced time. This capability stems from superelasticity, a property that enables NiTi to flex and adapt to the canal’s shape. Superelasticity allows the instrument to maintain a centered position even in the presence of pronounced curvatures, minimizing the restoring force typical of steel instruments and reducing negative effects, such as perforations, stripping, and blockages, on the canal’s original trajectory. Aim of this study is to evaluate the transportantion tendency of NiTi instruments in vitro. Materials and methods: Fifteen EndoTraining Blocks were divided into three groups of five blocks each: Group A was treated using WaveOne # 25.08 files; Group B was shaped with Reciproc #25.08 instruments; and Group C was shaped using TF Adaptive #25.08 files. All groups were reamed to a working length of 18 mm without the use of lubricants, following the establishment of a glide path with a #15.02 k-file. The instruments w ere utilized in a “ back and forth” motion, applying very light pressure and cleaning the coils of debris after each movement. The WaveOne and Reciproc reciprocating instruments were mounted on a 6:1 reduction handpiece controlled by a torque-controlled motor (Silver Reciproc VDW), using the pre-set programs WaveOne ALL for Group A and Reciproc ALL for Group B, respectively. The blocks in Group C were prepared with an Elements Adaptive engine set to the dedicated program for TF Adaptive. Results: All the external sides of the blocks registered statistically significant different apical transportation amongst groups (p0.05). Statistically significative differences were found between internal and external sides of the Reciproc’s blocks (p

Unlike human teeth, mouse incisors grow throughout life, based on stem and progenitor cell activity. Here the authors generate single cell RNA-seq comparative maps of continuously-growing mouse incisor, non-growing mouse molar and human teeth, combined with lineage tracing to reveal dental cell complexity.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of the epoc hand-held analyzer against the RAPIDPoint 500 blood gas analyzer and laboratory analyzers where applicable. Methods: Venous or arterial whole blood samples collected in balanced heparinized syringes were obtained from 69 patients (35 females, 34 males) predominantly (77%) from the surgical unit and intensive care unit (ICU). Method comparison was performed for all analytes on the epoc System against the RAPIDPoint 500 Blood gas analyzer or laboratory analyzers where applicable. Results: Mean bias was

Understanding cell types and mechanisms of dental growth is essential for reconstruction and engineering of teeth. Therefore, we investigated cellular composition of growing and non-growing mouse and human teeth. As a result, we report an unappreciated cellular complexity of the continuously-growing mouse incisor, which suggests a coherent model of cell dynamics enabling unarrested growth. This model relies on spatially-restricted stem, progenitor and differentiated populations in the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments underlying the coordinated expansion of two major branches of pulpal cells and diverse epithelial subtypes. Further comparisons of human and mouse teeth yield both parallelisms and differences in tissue heterogeneity and highlight the specifics behind growing and non-growing modes. Despite being similar at a coarse level, mouse and human teeth reveal molecular differences and species-specific cell subtypes suggesting possible evolutionary divergence. Overall, here we provide an atlas of human and mouse teeth with a focus on growth and differentiation.

Aim Results of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as the compatibility of cytological findings with histopathological diagnoses (the "gold standard") in the diagnosis of nodular thyroid lesions are inconsistent. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the validity of FNAC, as well as the compatibility of findings with histopathological diagnoses. Methods The study included 92 patients who underwent FNAC and later surgery and histopathological assessment with a final diagnosis. Results FNAC showed 95% specificity, 78% sensitivity and 90% accuracy. The compatibility of the cytological and histopathological findings was good (Kappa coefficient of 0.756; 95% CI). The cytology results proved to be very good at predicting malignant histopathological findings, (OR=72.33; p˂0.001). Also, the result of ROC analysis (AUC=0.866) confirmed FNAC as a very good method of distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Conclusion The results confirmed the correctness of the algorithm in which, following clinical or ultrasound confirmation of nodular thyroid lesions with suspicious changes, FNAC is indicated. The FNAC results should guide a clinician to further diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Certainly, in case of suspected follicular/ Hurthle cell lesions one should be vigilant and aware of the fact that in these cases malignancy is defined by the invasion of blood vessels and/or the capsule, which FNAC is unable to detect.

U članku se analiziraju glagoli kretanja i njihova obilježja na dijakronijskoj i sinkronijskoj razini. Opisom rječničkih članaka poljskih i hrvatskih glagola kretanja u dvojezičnim rječnicima tih jezika analizira se utjecaj kategorije vida na značenje tih glagola, a time i na način izrade rječničkih članaka glagola kretanja.