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Green infrastructure is a key element of a sustainable urban ecosystem. It is recognized as an effective approach based on the way nature works, being an important source of ecosystem services provided to the population. Green and blue solutions are one of the new tools that can help cities increase their resilience and sustainability. The green infrastructure (forest plantations, forest-parks, agricultural land, hedges, lineaments, etc.), the blue infrastructure (lands under marshy waters, rivers, ponds) was evaluated and compared with the grey infrastructure (roads, streets and squares, constructions) in cities and rural areas in the development regions of the Republic of Moldova. The results show that the spatial share of green infrastructure in cities with a population greater than 30 thousand inhabitants (Chișinău city, Bălți city, Cahul city) represents about 25-35% of the total area, the share of grey infrastructure is 50-60 %, and the blue one only 2-4%. In smaller cities, the share of green infrastructure can reach values of up to 50-70 percent, and in rural areas, the share of green infrastructure reaches around 70-90%, blue infrastructure 2-3%, and the built one 10-12%. Cultural ecosystem services related to different types of ecosystems were identified in terms of supply, regulation and support. The dependence of the amount of ecosystem services (air purification, carbon storage, leakage retention) on the weight of the ecological infrastructure in the investigated ecosystems was investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerable anthropization degree of environment during the modern period had determined a gradual sinking of ecological stability of geographical landscapes, especially given the predominance of agricultural landscapes which occupy 73.4% from total area of Republic of Moldova at present [1]. Land Cadastre data for Republic of Moldova (2000-2020) [2] and population level’s statistical data (2000-2019) [3] was used to obtain a few indicators that reflect the state of geographical landscapes (population density, naturality index and environmental changes index) and quantify the anthropic pressure on the geographical landscapes at the commune level. We had used the period of 2000-2020 as the reference period.

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Agricultural land is the main land use category in the Republic of Moldova. Agricultural land was 74,5% of the surface of the republic on January 1st 2005. The dominance of agricultural landscape has been a reality on this territory since the beginning of the nineteenth century.During the latest 15 years, agricultural land has been dwindling (by 44.4 ha per year). During the latest 5 years this rhythm has become more stable (about 2.543-2.520 ha).From the spatial point of view, the structure of land is relatively homogenous. Agricultural land represents the main land use category in most of the villages. At the beginning of 2005, agricultural land varied between 47.9 % (Străşeni Department) and 87.4% (Drochia Department).Territorial differentiations in land use are caused by the variety of natural conditions (particularly, the morphological conditions and, partially, the soil and climatic conditions) as well as the population factor.