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The traditional premise of culture teaching that language and culture are not separable is now challenged by the global spread of English as a means of wider communication. Today's English is no longer an inviolable property of English-speaking people. It is becoming a common property of different peoples around the world. This state of affairs is rendering the revision of the traditional framework of culture teaching inevitable. This paper proposes a new framework of culture teaching that is in consonance with the current global state of English. In place of the traditional dichotomy of small c culture and large C culture, the paper proposes a new trichotomy of culture around language, culture in language, and culture through language. After specifying the contents of each type of culture and their interrelationships within a cultural syllabus, the paper describes strategies to realise a new set of goals of culture teaching, drawing illustrations from English language education in Japan, where English is taught not only as a foreign language but also as a global language.

With increasing international interdependence, it is getting more and more important for educators to ensure that children will acquire an ability to communicate with people from other cultures within the framework of school education. Immersion education in Canada has been attracting a lot of attention from those engaged in second language education as a successful strategy for fostering communicative competence in a second language in the context of classroom second language learning. The present paper, as a first step for obtaining comprehensive understanding of Canadian immersion education, aims at specifying fundamental characteristics of Canadian immersion education from a theoretical perspective, focusing on its duality as bilingual education and as second language education. This theoretical assessment of Canadian immersion eduration has revealed the importance of subject matter as meaningful comprehensible input for second language learners, implying the necessity of integrating content teaching and language teaching for developing communicative competence in a second language.

The present research made a comparative study on English textbooks at senior high school in Japan and in China in order to find some good ways to improve English language education of each country. It analyzed two kinds of textbooks in Japan and one kind of textbook in China in terms of the following erspectives: 1) components of textbooks, 2) topics of textbooks and 3) culture orientation of textbooks. It has been made clear that the textbook in China tends to treat cultural materials as resources to develop linguistic skills while the textbooks in Japan tend to treat cultural materials to promote international understanding.

Recent emphasis on authenticity of materials in Communicative Language Teaching has helped reappraise the pedagogical value of newspaper articles, producing dozens of EFL/ESL textbooks which contain newspaper articles as the target reading passages. Newspaper articles in those textbooks, however, usually report events that took place more than a year before and thus have already lost much of their immediacy and consequently some of their pedagogical value as well. This paper reports a simple but effective use of newspaper articles in the form of a weekly short quiz in advanced EFL reading classes for university students. This weekly newspaper quiz not only takes full advantage of newspaper articles as authentic reading materials but also focuses on their immediacy as an important motivating factor for advanced EFL students. Merits of this weekly newspaper quiz are discussed from various points of view, and the students' reaction to the quiz is also analyzed.

Asia Education Symposium 2006, Session 2: “Education Method for International Understanding”( Day Two; Sun., October 15 )

This paper assesses the impact of the September 11th terrorist attacks and its after-effects on U.S. airline demand. Using monthly time-series data from 1986-2003, we find that September 11th resulted in both a negative transitory shock of over 30% and an ongoing negative demand shock amounting to roughly 7.4% of pre-September 11th demand. This ongoing demand shock has yet to dissipate (as of November 2003) and cannot be explained by economic, seasonal, or other factors.

This paper documents the growth of low cost carriers (LCCs) in the U.S. airline industry since 1990. By estimating simple probit models, we quantify the market characteristics which have influenced nonstop LCC entry in 351 city-pair markets over the past decade. We confirm that pre-entry market density is the single most important factor influencing LCC entry into a city-pair market. For each of the large-hub-and-spoke carriers, we quantify their past, present and future exposure to LCCs. In particular, we predict which markets currently not served by LCCs are the most likely to be entered in the future. Finally, we predict the proportion of network carrier revenue that may ultimately be exposed to nonstop LCC competition. – Airlines ; Market Entry ; Deregulation

This paper analyzes the responses of incumbent hub-and-spoke carriers to low cost carrier (LCC) entry on routes served to and from their hubs over the past decade. Our analysis finds that the typical price and capacity response by incumbent hub-and-spoke carriers to LCC entry has been fairly accommodating. Moreover, our analysis also finds-somewhat surprisingly-that the likelihood of an LCC's entry into a hub market being successful is unrelated to the relative response of the incumbent. – Airlines ; Entry ; Exit ; Accommodation ; Predation