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A vérnyomás változása befolyásolhatja az áramlástani jellemzőket, és ezáltal a vesék hemodinamikáját is. Fél vesés állapotban ez a hatás még jelentősebb lehet. A veseartéria környezetének in vivo mérhetetlen áramlástani jellemzőit numerikus áramlástani szimulációval hatékonyan lehet vizsgálni. A kutatás elsődleges célja annak bizonyítása volt, hogy a magas vérnyomás és az izolált szisztolés hypertonia változásokat eredményez a veseartéria áramlástani jellemzőiben, amelyek fél vesés esetben jelentősebbek. Módszer: Egy véletlenszerűen kiválasztott betegcsoport aorta-veseartéria jobb és bal oldali elágazási szögeit mértük retrospektív módon, in vivo. A veseartéria áramlástani jellemzőinek mérésére egy numerikus áramlástani szimulációsorozatot végeztünk egészséges és fél vesés modelleken. A vérnyomást először fokozatosan növeltük 120/80 Hgmm értékről 200/90 Hgmm értékig. Ezt követően az izolált szisztolés hypertonia esetét szimuláltuk a diasztolés vérnyomást fokozatosan csökkentve 200/50 Hgmm értékig. A szimuláció kimenő paraméterei a nyomás, turbulens kinetikus energia, sebesség és térfogatáram értékei voltak a veseartériák kilépő keresztmetszetén. Eredmény: A veseartéria-elágazási szögek átlaga a bal oldalon 78°, a jobb oldalon 66° volt. A szimuláció eredményei azt mutatták, hogy a magas vérnyomás és az izolált szisztolés hypertonia következetesen változtatják a veseartéria áramlástani jellemzőit, fél vesés esetben nagyobb mértékben. Konklúziók: A vesét károsíthatja a nagyobb nyomás, a turbulencianövekedés atherosclerosishoz vezethet a veseartéria elágazásánál. Ezek a jellemzők nagyobb mértékben változnak fél vesés állapotban, így ez veszélyesebb a vesére nézve. Az áramlási sebesség és térfogatáram értékei azonban nem függenek szignifikánsan a fél vesés állapottól.

The design of the envelope in high-rise office buildings is a task of great importance as it can impact the entire building's energy performance. The study presented in this paper is an extension of a previous work reporting on the optimization of the façade and the shading systems of an east-west facing high-rise office building. This study aims to investigate the façade geometry design factors for other potential orientations, e.g., south, south-east, and south-west directions. The IDA ICE 4.8 complex dynamic building energy simulation program was used to assess thermal and lighting simulations. The optimization results revealed the best-performing façade configurations, appropriate for each orientation examined in terms of thermal comfort, visual comfort, and energy consumption.

The reduction of energy consumption is a major issue nowadays that should be considered during the design process. High-rise buildings represent a building type with significantly high energy consumption. They serve typically as offices with fully glazed façades, generating considerable energy demand. This study aims to optimize the envelope and the shading systems of a high-rise office building (Middle Europe). For this purpose, multiple façade variants were tested by assessing the thermal and visual comfort, as well as energy demand. The IDA ICE 4.8 building energy simulation program was used for thermal and lighting modeling and to carry out building physics calculations. Results revealed the best performing, optimized façade configuration in terms of comfort and energy efficiency.

Energy storage on grid level is still a critical issue. Inventions related to development and control of smart buildings, including integrated solar systems can be easily realized by smart control of building management including storage. At buildings, which have high heat capacitance the part of the stored heat can be used for grid stabilization. This means the grid can be balanced with well-set up heating/cooling strategy and well-scheduled timetable via intelligent control of buildings. A possible solution is introduced in this paper, where the surplus production is used for overcooling the building, while the building thermodynamic properties are making it possible to store this amount of energy for days. This paper analyses a cost-effective solution of grid energy storage through a case study.

The optimization of high-rise office buildings' envelope and the application of energy-efficient measures have become a priority nowadays. Therefore, this investigation aims to assess the role of the façade's geometry design factors, e.g., folded façade perforation, window orientation, and window-to-wall ratio on building comfort and energy performance. The energy simulations were performed using IDA ICE 4.8 thermal simulation program to evaluate the thermal and visual comfort and the energy consumption of various façade test models. The optimization resulted in a façade model with a great level of thermal and visual comfort as well as a total energy reduction of 14%, representing a good compromise solution in the trade-off between thermal and visual comfort as well as energy efficiency.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been the fastest growing methodology in architectural design, construction, preliminary works and in several other engineering activities in the past few years. It is mostly implemented in the fields of design, construction and building operation, however, there are still unexploited possibilities in further areas – such as building surveys. Many tools are available today to produce detailed and accurate 3D survey data, but specialists and custom software usually have to be involved in the process. Transforming this information into BIM models is also a time-consuming task, as their direct architectural design software integration is limited. The following article introduces a possible solution in order to improve communication and the modeling process.

The aim of this study was to visualize the tumor propagation and surrounding mucosal field in radiography-based 3D model for advanced stage HNSCC and combine it with HPV genotyping and miRNA expression characterization of the visualized area. 25 patients with T1-3 clinical stage HNSCC were enrolled in mapping biopsy sampling. Biopsy samples were evaluated for HPV positivity and miR-21-5p, miR-143, miR-155, miR-221-5p expression in Digital Droplet PCR system. Significant miRNA expression differences of HPV positive tumor tissue biopsies were found for miR-21-5p, miR-143 and miR-221-5p compared to the HPV negative tumor biopsy series. Peritumoral mucosa showed patchy pattern alterations of miR-21-5p and miR-155 in HPV positive cases, while gradual change of miR-21-5p and miR-221-5p was seen in HPV negative tumors. In our study we found differences of the miRNA expression patterns among the HPV positive and negative tumorous tissues as well as the surrounding mucosal fields. The CT based 3D models of the cancer field and surrounding mucosal surface can be utilized to improve proper preoperative planning. Complex evaluation of HNSCC tissue organization field can elucidate the clinical and molecular differentiation of HPV positive and negative cases, and enhance effective organ saving therapeutic strategies.

A huge portion of energy consumption in buildings comes from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Numerous previous works assessed the potential of natural ventilation compared to mechanical ventilation and proved their justification on the field. Nevertheless, it is a major difficulty to collect enough information from the literature to make decisions between different natural ventilation solutions with a given situation and boundary conditions. The current study tests the passive air conduction system (PACS) variations in the design phase of a medium-sized new winery’s cellar and production hall in Villány, Hungary. A computational fluid dynamics simulation based comparative analysis enabled to determine the differences in updraft (UD) and downdraught (DD) PACS, whereby the latter was found to be more efficient. While the DD PACS performed an air change range of 1.02 h−1 to 5.98 h−1, the UD PACS delivered −0.25 h−1 to 12.82 h−1 air change rate. The ventilation performance of the DD version possessed lower amplitudes, but the distribution was more balanced under different wind incident angles, thus this version was chosen for construction. It could be concluded that the DD PACS provides a more general applicability for natural ventilation in moderate climates and in small to medium scale industry hall domains with one in- and one outlet.

Renewable energy is one of the most discussed topics nowadays, more so than traditional combustible energy sources and nuclear energy. There is an apparent need to study its public acceptance and the general public’s knowledge about it, especially in the context of more advanced inventions, such as smart grids, energy storage, or photovoltaic inverters. In this research, the results of a custom survey and those of several types of public social media datasets were processed to gain insights into the acceptance and awareness of these technologies. The second aim was to investigate technologies and related public opinions about manufacturers. One social media dataset was processed by a novel technology based on automatic data collection from popular social media sources, blogs, forums and public news. All the collected and anonymized data were restored in a custom-made data lake (unstructured database) and analyzed by a natural language processing (NLP) engine to extract the required information. The results showed that the Hungarian public’s knowledge differs from the European reference values by a very high percentage. A further goal for new research in the investigated area will be to achieve a business intelligence rated system in order to predict future trends and events. Since different methods provide results from different viewpoints, the conclusion is that combined analyses have to be used for investigating popular topics related to energy, such as various technologies, issues related to energy transition, or even car sharing services for a sustainable future.

The algorithms are the part of the life which could give a solution for simple and complex problems. Most of the ways are easy, but the basics are always made by predetermined steps. The peculiarit...

Natural driven ventilation is a widely used technique in hot and arid climate, but it is rarely known that it can lead to significant energy saving in a moderate climate too. In this paper, an existing building is presented that was designed with a passive air conduction system (PACS), where wind and buoyancy effects induce air to be exchanged without external energy needs. The aim is to show that the design methodology, using numerical simulation to give accurate results, is able to use them in further developments. Due to this design process, the specific building possesses numerous special properties, including airflow accelerating elements, solar-heated “chimneys”, and the indoor heat sources coming from the industrial technology. As the building has been constructed and was equipped with around 750 sensors (integrated and manual), it is possible to analyze the ongoing physical phenomenon in a highly detailed way and to collect the experienced dataset for further investigations. The current study carries out a complex validation of the design and the used numerical methods to give general design rules for further PACS design and support following investigations, e.g., occupant comfort prediction or latent heat storage calculation. The experiences showed that the developed computational fluid dynamics technique gives a below 99% accuracy in the velocity and the temperature field, and approximately 85% accuracy in the volume flow values, resulting in a good prediction for aerodynamic characterization of buildings, i.e., passive ventilation air exchange rate.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

For implementing renewable energy policies it is necessary to convince the population of the appropriateness and usefulness of the ideas. The information provision needed for that requires the communication to be accessible and understandable to the target audience. This research examined the national renewable energy action plans of the member states of the European Union. The online accessibility of these documents and their readability were examined using a simple accessibility test and the Flesch and Flesch&ndash, Kincaid readability tests. The paper also addresses the relationship between the culturally-determined power distance indices and the economic and developmental characteristics of the countries and the readability values of their samples. The results showed that the examined documents could be easily accessed, but the action plans of all the member states were difficult to read. The emerging pattern suggested that the text samples of the countries with higher power distances were harder to interpret. Nevertheless, no significant relationship was detected by the correlation analyses between the power distance indices and the Flesch and Flesch&ndash, Kincaid readability scores, while strong relationships were detected between the Human Development Index (HDI) data and the results of both readability tests in the group of countries with the highest power distance values.

Fur das Konzept der ersten Plusenergie-Produktionsstatte in Ungarn wurde besonderes Augenmerk auf die naturliche Luftung des Gebaudes mit passiven Luftungsturmen gelegt. Mit dem Ziel, die planerischen Ansatze nachvollziehbar prufen zu konnen, wurde ein vierstufiger Algorithmus bestehend aus gebaudeaerodynamischen Untersuchungen in Form von Berechnungen, Windkanaltests, CFD-Simulationen und Messdatenerfassung im Gebaude entwickelt. Durch diese “Validierungsplattform“ konnen nicht nur nachgewiesene Aussagen uber den aerodynamischen Charakter eines Gebaudes getroffen, sondern auch der Einfluss von Anderungen wahrend der Planung und Ausfuhrung sicher quantifiziert und bewertet werden. Daruber hinaus bewirkt die aerodynamische Optimierung eine Verbesserung der Behaglichkeit und Verringerung des Energieverbrauchs. Building aerodynamic investigations for an energy-plus production facility in Sikonda (Hungary). The concept of the first energy-plus production facility in Hungary, which was developed with Energy design method, consists in an essential design approach: the natural ventilation with passive ventilation towers. With the objective of generating comprehensible diagnosis to different design solutions, it was necessary to create a four-level aerodynamic analysis algorithm consisting of calculations, wind tunnel tests, CFD simulations and measurements in buildings. This “validation platform” ensures not only proofed conclusions about the aerodynamic character of a project, but also quantifies in an accurate way the effect of modifications during planning and construction. In addition, the consequence of this aerodynamic optimization of the built environment is the improvement of the indoor comfort and well being as well as the reduction of energy consumption.

Measuring the operating parameters of a new type of heat pipe system PV/T collector, the characteristics of the design parameters and the cooling circumstances of PV modules were determined. Based on these results, it can be stated, that the electricity production of PV/T collector is lower than a standard PV modules, but the overall efficiency provides outstanding performance, although it is clear from the measurement data that it is not capable to heat up the refrigerant fluid to the same level as at the flat- and evacuated tube solar collectors and so at a new system design these circumstances have to be taken into account.