Author: "Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC)"' showing total 143 results

Start Over Author "Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC)"

143 results on '"Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC)"'

1. Past changes in the vertical distribution of ozone - Part 1: Measurement techniques, uncertainties and availability

Author: Erkki Kyrölä, Neil R. P. Harris, Gaëlle Dufour, Alan Parrish, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Stacey M. Frith, Rosemary Munro, Masato Shiotani, Piera Raspollini, P. K. Bhartia, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Mark Weber, Johannes Staehelin, A. Rozanov, Herman G. J. Smit, Pieternel F. Levelt, Cathy Clerbaux, Anu Dudhia, C. T. McElroy, Gabriele Stiller, J. P. Veefkind, Yasuhiro Sasano, Joachim Urban, T. Sano, D. A. Degenstein, Hideaki Nakajima, Johanna Tamminen, C. von Savigny, J. D. Wild, Kaley A. Walker, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, David W. Tarasick, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Daan Hubert, M. De Mazière, Yasuko Kasai, T. von Clarmann, Karl W. Hoppel, Richard D. McPeters, José Granville, Thomas August, Birgit Hassler, Joseph M. Zawodny, Corinne Vigouroux, M. J. Kurylo, Ellis E. Remsberg, Lucien Froidevaux, Karen H. Rosenlof, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences ( CIRES ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory ( ESRL ), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] ( IAC ), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich ( ETH Zürich ), EUMETSAT, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima ( ISAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] ( SSAI ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), SHTI - LATMOS, Department of Chemistry [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Naval Research Laboratory ( NRL ), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute ( KNMI ), Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, National Institute for Environmental Studies ( NIES ), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] ( UMass Amherst ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Institute of Environmental Physics/Institute of Remote Sensing ( IUP ), University of Bremen, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere ( RISH ), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Association of International Research Initiatives for Environmental Studies ( AIRIES ), Association of International Research Initiatives for Environmental Studies, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research ( IMK ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ( KIT ), Air Quality Research Division [Toronto], Environment and Climate Change Canada, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Institut für Physik [Greifswald], Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Schneider Electric, Groupe Schneider Electric, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), STRATO - LATMOS, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Association of International Research Initiatives for Environmental Studies (AIRIES), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Schneider Electric ( SE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, Kyoto University, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Atmospheric Science, Earth observation, Chlorofluorocarbon, Ozone, Meteorology, lcsh:TA715-787, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, Ozone depletion, lcsh:Environmental engineering, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, Ozone layer, ddc:550, Environmental science, lcsh:TA170-171, Stratosphere
Abstract: Peak stratospheric chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and other ozone depleting substance (ODS) concentrations were reached in the mid- to late 1990s. Detection and attribution of the expected recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer in an atmosphere with reduced ODSs as well as efforts to understand the evolution of stratospheric ozone in the presence of increasing greenhouse gases are key current research topics. These require a critical examination of the ozone changes with an accurate knowledge of the spatial (geographical and vertical) and temporal ozone response. For such an examination, it is vital that the quality of the measurements used be as high as possible and measurement uncertainties well quantified. In preparation for the 2014 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, the SPARC/IO3C/IGACO-O3/NDACC (SI2N) Initiative was designed to study and document changes in the global ozone profile distribution. This requires assessing long-term ozone profile data sets in regards to measurement stability and uncertainty characteristics. The ultimate goal is to establish suitability for estimating long-term ozone trends to contribute to ozone recovery studies. Some of the data sets have been improved as part of this initiative with updated versions now available. This summary presents an overview of stratospheric ozone profile measurement data sets (ground and satellite based) available for ozone recovery studies. Here we document measurement techniques, spatial and temporal coverage, vertical resolution, native units and measurement uncertainties. In addition, the latest data versions are briefly described (including data version updates as well as detailing multiple retrievals when available for a given satellite instrument). Archive location information for each data set is also given.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author: G. Forbes, Joseph M. Zawodny, C. Piccolo, Jeffrey R. Taylor, David W. Tarasick, Joe W. Waters, J. J. Jin, I. S. Boyd, B. J. Firanski, Sean D. McLeod, Larry W. Thomason, M. P. McCormick, Jonathan Davies, B.T. Marshall, E. Dupuy, H. Küllmann, C. Tétard, Michael Höpfner, F. Nichitiu, I. Kramer, I. S. McDermid, Alan Parrish, Martin McHugh, T. Steck, C. de Clercq, Nicholas B. Jones, M. De Mazière, P. Gerard, James R. Drummond, T. Blumenstock, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, C. T. McElroy, Emmanuel Mahieu, Greg Bodeker, Ryan Hughes, Chris Roth, T. E. Kerzenmacher, Jacquelyn C. Witte, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Heinrich Bovensmann, Kimberly Strong, David W. T. Griffith, Ashley Jones, Jakub Urban, James W. Hannigan, C. D. Boone, M. A. Wolff, R. Skelton, J. Dodion, Donal P. Murtagh, D. A. Degenstein, Filip Vanhellemont, Nathaniel J. Livesey, Claude Robert, J. C. McConnell, Adam Bourassa, Johan Mellqvist, Ugo Cortesi, J. Kar, P. von der Gathen, Erkki Kyrölä, John P. Burrows, Cora E. Randall, Yasuhiro Murayama, Astrid Bracher, Corinne Vigouroux, Peter F. Bernath, Philippe Baron, T. Christensen, C. von Savigny, Denis Dufour, Florence Goutail, Nicholas D. Lloyd, Matthias Schneider, T. von Clarmann, Anne M. Thompson, S. V. Petelina, Gloria L. Manney, Tobias Borsdorff, M. T. Coffey, Armin Kleinböhl, Simon Chabrillat, Craig S. Haley, José Granville, Valéry Catoire, A. Strandberg, Yasuko Kasai, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Chris A. McLinden, Simone Ceccherini, Herbert Fischer, D. P. J. Swart, A. Kagawa, Richard M. Bevilacqua, Hermann Oelhaf, Colette Brogniez, P. Demoulin, Kenneth W. Jucks, C. Senten, Lucien Froidevaux, Jean-Christopher Lambert, J. Zou, E. J. Llewellyn, Caroline R. Nowlan, Ralf Sussmann, Didier Fussen, Kohei Mizutani, Kevin Strawbridge, M.B. Tully, Kaley A. Walker, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Christchurch] (NIWA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Environmental Research Institute [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory (ESSL), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Centre For Atmospheric Research Experiments, Environment Canada Sable Island, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Fujitsu FIP Corporation, Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), GATS Inc., NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], Department of Physics, La Trobe University, La Trobe University (Victoria), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), PennState Meteorology Department, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Australian Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] (BoM), Australian Government, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Naval Research Laboratory ( NRL ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Christchurch], Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung ( IMK-IFU ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] ( UMass Amherst ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Danish Meteorological Institute ( DMI ), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory ( ESSL ), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] ( NCAR ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), SHTI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [Toronto] ( ESSE ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Australian Antarctic Division, Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] ( RIVM ), Department of Meteorology [PennState], PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] ( BoM ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI ), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] ( SSAI ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, and University of Oxford
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Ozone, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sunset, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mesosphere, lcsh:Chemistry, 010309 optics, Troposphere, remote sensing, chemistry.chemical_compound, Altitude, atmospheric composition, 0103 physical sciences, remote-sensing, Atmospheric structrure, ddc:550, Sunrise, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Fourier transform spectroscopy, lcsh:QC1-999, Earth sciences, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric compoistion, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: This paper presents extensive validation analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. The ACE satellite instruments operate in the mid-infrared and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectral regions using the solar occultation technique. In order to continue the long-standing record of solar occultation measurements from space, a detailed quality assessment is required to evaluate the ACE data and validate their use for scientific purposes. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the mean differences range generally between 0 and +10% with a slight but systematic positive bias (typically +5%). At higher altitudes (45-60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments by up to ~40% (typically +20%). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, agreement within ±10% (generally better than ±5%) is found between 18 and 40 km for the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (45-55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (by as much as -10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS and indicate a large positive bias (+10 to +30%) in this altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements. These systematic effects in the ozone profiles retrieved from the measurements of ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO are being investigated. This work shows that the ACE instruments provide reliable, high quality measurements from the tropopause to the upper stratosphere and can be used with confidence in this vertical domain
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. High gain selective amplification in whispering gallery mode resonators: analysis by cavity ring down method

Author: A. Rasoloniaina, Patrice Feron, Stephane Trebaol, V. Huet, G. Nunzi Conti, Yannick Dumeige, Michel Mortier, Hélène Serier-Brault, E. Le Cren, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) (LCMCP (site ENSCP)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNES Action R&T SHYRO R-S10/LN-0001-004, Alexis V. Kudryashov, Alan H. Paxton, Vladimir S. Ilchenko, Lutz Aschke, Kunihiko Washio, CNRS-CNR, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) ( LCMCP (site ENSCP) ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL ( ENSCP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Optical amplifier, Coupling, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Rayleigh Scattering, Doping, Degenerate energy levels, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Cavity Ring Down Method, Erbium, Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator, Resonator, symbols.namesake, Optics, chemistry, symbols, Whispering gallery mode resonators, Whispering-gallery wave, Rayleigh scattering, Selective Amplification, business
Abstract: 10 pages; International audience; We study both theoretically and experimentally the dispersive properties of single whispering gallery mode resonators. We present a simple experimental protocol which allows us to obtain in detail its coupling regime and thus their dispersive properties. We demonstrate a compact optical amplifier with a gain up to 20dB in an Erbium doped fluoride microsphere of 135μm in diameter coupled via a tapered fiber. The model is also applied to analyze the dynamic behavior of the modal coupling between two degenerate resonances of the same cavity. In particular, this can be used to describe the coupling of counterpropagating whispering gallery modes (WGM) by Rayleigh scattering. The theory is successfully compared to experiments carried out in silica microspheres
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. High gain wavelength selective ampliﬁcation and cavity ring down spectroscopy in a ﬂuoride glass erbium doped microsphere

Author: Alphonse Rasoloniaina, Patrice Feron, Yannick Dumeige, V. Huet, Stephane Trebaol, E. Le Cren, G. Nunzi Conti, Hélène Serier-Brault, Michel Mortier, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Condensed Matter Physics ( ICMP ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Institut des matériaux Jean Rouxel ( IMN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) ( LCMCP (site ENSCP) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL ( ENSCP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Action R&T SHYRO R-S10/LN-0001-004, ORA, CALIN, SHYRO, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) (LCMCP (site ENSCP)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Scattering, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, OCIS codes: 140.3945, 140.4480, 300.3700, 300.6310, Cavity ring-down spectroscopy, 010309 optics, Erbium, Laser linewidth, Wavelength, Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Transient response, Whispering-gallery wave, 010306 general physics, business
Abstract: 3 pages; International audience; We experimentally demonstrate a compact optical amplifier consisting of a rare-earth-doped whispering-gallery-mode microsphere coupled via a tapered fiber. A gain up to 20 dB is reported in an erbium-doped fluoride glass microsphere 135 µm in diameter. Below the amplification regime, the optical gain is used to compensate for unavoidable losses due to surface contamination or scattering. Quality factor as high as 2 × 10^9 has been measured by analyzing the transient response of the microsphere excited by a dynamically shifted frequency input signal.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Mini and micro-resonators for the generation of high spectral purity microwave signals

Author: L. Morvan, A. Bouchier, Y. Chembo, D. Dolfi, Y. Dumeige, P. Féron, M. Ferrari, L. Larger, E. Le Cren, O. Llopis, J. Maxin, P. Merrer, G. Nunzi Conti, G. Pillet, K. Saleh, P. Salzenstein, F. Van Dijk, G. Cibiel, Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, Service Techniques et Équipements Appliqués à la Microélectronique ( LAAS-TEAM ), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes [Toulouse] ( LAAS ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies ( FEMTO-ST ), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques ( ENSMM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica ( CSMFO ), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications ( LAAS-MOST ), MDF-Lab ( MDF-Lab, CNR-IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Alcatel-Thalès III-V lab ( III-V Lab ), THALES-ALCATEL, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Action R&T SHYRO R-S10/LN-0001-004, Maurizio Ferrari, Marian Marciniak, Giancarlo C. Righini, Tomasz Szoplik, Stefano Varas, SHYRO, THALES [France], Service Techniques et Équipements Appliqués à la Microélectronique (LAAS-TEAM), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications (LAAS-MOST), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Alcatel-Thalès III-V lab (III-V Lab), THALES [France]-ALCATEL, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Maurizio Ferrari, Marian Marciniak, Giancarlo C. Righini, Tomasz Szoplik, Stefano Varas, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract: accessible sur http://minap2012.fbk.eu; International audience; Optoelectronic Oscillators (OEOs) are an attractive alternative to electrical solutions for the generation of high spectral purity signal at high frequency. Indeed, carrying the microwave signal on an optical carrier offers the opportunity of long staorage time, with almost no dependence on signal frequency. For example, classical OEOs are based on kilometre long fiber delays and, in a relative simple setup, their performances exceed the ones of most microwave oscillators. However, the most promising OEOs architectures, in term of performances and integration level, are based on high Q optical resonators. After an introduction on the principle of OEOs and their various potential applications in advanced microwave systems, we will present recent results that we have obtained in this field.. First, the realization and characterization of silica, CaF2, MgF2 and LiNbO3 Whispering Gallery Modes (WGM) resonators with Q factors in the 10^8-10^9 range will be presented, together with related light coupling techniques for their practical use in OEOs demonstrations. Then the realization and characterization of fiber-ring resonators, that present Q factors exceeding 10^9 in a relatively simple architecture will be highlighted. Finally, dual-frequency laser sources that have been specifically realized for OEOs will be described.
Published: 2012

6. Whispering gallery mode microresonators : Fundamentals and applications

Author: Righini , Giancarlo, Dumeige , Yannick, Féron , Patrice, Ferrari , Maurizio, Nunzi Conti , Gualtiero, Ristic , Davor, Soria , Silvia, MDF-Lab ( MDF-Lab, CNR-IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica ( CSMFO ), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Convention CNES 103653-00, SHYRO, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Wave propagation, PACS 42.55.Sa, PACS 42.60.Da, PACS 42.25.Bs, PACS 42.79.Gn, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], cavities, transmission, Physics::Optics, Microlasers, Optical waveguides, Microresonators, ampliﬁers, microdisk lasers, couplers, Resonators, arrays, Microcavity, rings, Waveguides, absorption
Abstract: nombre de pages 54; International audience; Conﬁnement of light into small volumes has become an essential requirement for photonic devices; examples of this trend are provided by optical ﬁbers, integrated optical circuits, semiconductor lasers, and photonic crystals. Optical dielectric resonators supporting Whispering Gallery Modes (WGMs) represent another class of cavity devices with exceptional properties, like extremely small mode volume, very high power density, and very narrow spectral linewidth. WGM are now known since more than 100 years, after the papers published by John William Strutt (LordRayleigh), but their importance as unique tools to study nonlinear optical phenomena or quantum electrodynamics, and for application to very low- threshold microlasers as well as very sensitive microsensors, has been recognized only in recent years. This paper presents a review of the ﬁeld of WGM resonators, which exist in several geometrical structures like cylindrical optical ﬁbers, microspheres, microﬁber coils, microdisks, microtoroids, photonic crystal cavities, etc. up to the most exotic structures, such as bottle and bubble microresonators. For the sake of simplicity, the fundaments of WGM propagation and most of the applications will be described only with reference to the most common structure, i.e. microspherical resonators.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Spherical whispering-gallery-mode microresonators

Author: Chiasera, Alessandro, Dumeige, Yannick, Féron, Patrice, Ferrari, Maurizio, Jestin, Yoann, Nunzi-Conti, Gualtiero, Pelli, Stefano, Soria, S., Righini, Giancarlo C., Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, SHYRO, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica ( CSMFO ), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), MDF-Lab ( MDF-Lab, CNR-IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' ( Centro Fermi ), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi)
Subjects: WGM, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], PACS: 42.25.Bs, 42.55.Sa, 42.60.Da, 42.70.Ce, 42.82.Et, 87.85.fk, optical, microresonator, Resonators, Whispering gallery, microcavity laser, biosensor, glass
Abstract: International audience; Whispering-gallery modes (WGM) on a spherical surface were first described by Lord Rayleigh at the beginning of the last century, but only after the invention of laser did they start to have some scientific relevance and only during the last two decades there has been a substantial move towards real devices and practical applications. WGM resonators have peculiar properties, the most notable being the potential of having an ultrahigh quality factor Q, which makes them very appealing both as laser cavities and as extremely sensitive sensors. Among the different types of WGM resonators, the microspherical ones represent a very important category, due to their simplicity, easy fabrication, and very high quality. In this review we provide a description of their fundamental properties and we summarize recent works on their application as filters, sensors and lasers.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. All-analytical modelling of confined dielectric structures: active micro-cavities and micro-resonators

Author: Boucher, Yann, Dumeige, Yannick, Feron, Patrice, Chiasera, Alessandro, Ferrari, Maurizio, Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero, Righini, Giancarlo C., laboratoire de Recherche en Electronique Signal, Optronique, télécommunications ( RESO ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Department of Materials and Devices ( DMD ), EOS, laboratoire de Recherche en Electronique Signal, Optronique, télécommunications (RESO), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Generalized Transfer Function, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Extended Transfer Matrix Formalism, Photonic Crystals, Physics::Optics, Photonic Atoms, Optical Micro-cavities
Abstract: Topic: TOM 3 « Nanophotonics, Photonic Crystals and Metamaterials »; International audience; All-analytical tools such as extended (3´3) scattering parameters enable one to describe, in a simple way, most of the spectral and energetic properties of an active dielectric micro-resonator with internal sources, threshold-crossing included.
Published: 2008

9. Glass microspherical lasers

Author: Yannick Dumeige, Silvia Soria, Alessandro Chiasera, Patrice Feron, Massimo Brenci, Christina Armellini, Laura Ghisa, Stephane Trebaol, Yoann Jestin, Stefano Pelli, Franco Cosi, Maurizio Ferrari, Andrea Chiappini, Giancarlo C. Righini, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Enrico Moser, Simone Berneschi, Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' ( Centro Fermi ), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, MDF-Lab ( MDF-Lab, CNR-IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica ( CSMFO ), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università di Trento, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi ( DMD CNR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi (DMD CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, and Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi)
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, Fabrication, erbium doped glass, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Coating, microspherical lasers, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, sol-gel, Composite material, silica-hafnia, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Lasers, Doping, technology, industry, and agriculture, Laser, Microspheres, Whispering gallery modes, engineering, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Layer (electronics), Gels, Erbium
Abstract: Purpose: Smart Optics, Publisher: Scientific.Net (ISSN 1662-0356); International audience; We report experimental results obtained in our laboratories in the development of Er3+-doped glass microspherical cavities for the fabrication of compact and low threshold laser sources at 1.55 µm. We investigate three different approaches in order to fabricate the microspheres including direct melting of Er3+-doped glass powders, coating of silica microspheres with an Er3+-doped sol-gel layer, and synthesis of Er3+-doped monolithic microspheres using the sol-gel route in acid catalysis. Details of the different fabrication processes are presented together with the photoluminescence characterization in free space configuration of the microspheres and of the glass precursor. We analyse the photoluminescence spectra of the whispering gallery modes of the microspheres exited using evanescent coupling and we demonstrate laser action in a wide range of wavelengths around 1.55 µm.
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Validation of NO2 and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author: Kerzenmacher, T., Wolff, M. A., Strong, K., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Amekudzi, L. K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Berthet, Gwenaël, Blumenstock, T., Boone, C. D., Bramstedt, K., Brogniez, C., Brohede, S., Burrows, J. P., Catoire, Valéry, Dodion, J., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Funke, B., Fussen, D., Goutail, Florence, Griffith, D. W. T., Haley, C. S., Hendrick, F., Höpfner, M., Huret, Nathalie, Jones, N., Kar, J., Kramer, I., Llewellyn, E. J., López-Puertas, M., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Melo, S., Mikuteit, S., Murtagh, D., Nichitiu, F., Notholt, J., Nowlan, C., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Randall, C., Raspollini, P., Ridolfi, M., Richter, A., Schneider, M., Schrems, O., Silicani, M., Stiller, G. P., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Toohey, M., Vanhellemont, F., Warneke, T., Zawodny, J. M., Zou, J., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] (ATOC), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), Canadian Space Agency ( CSA ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] ( ATOC ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)
Subjects: lcsh:Chemistry, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999
Abstract: Vertical profiles of NO2 and NO have been obtained from solar occultation measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), using an infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and (for NO2) an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer, MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation). In this paper, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO version 1.2 NO2 data are assessed using other solar occultation measurements (HALOE, SAGE II, SAGE III, POAM III, SCIAMACHY), stellar occultation measurements (GOMOS), limb measurements (MIPAS, OSIRIS), nadir measurements (SCIAMACHY), balloon-borne measurements (SPIRALE, SAOZ) and ground-based measurements (UV-VIS, FTIR). Time differences between the comparison measurements were reduced using either a tight coincidence criterion, or where possible, chemical box models. ACE-FTS NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO NO2 are generally consistent with the correlative data. The ACE-FTS and MAESTRO NO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles agree with the profiles from other satellite data sets to within about 20% between 25 and 40 km, with the exception of MIPAS ESA (for ACE-FTS) and SAGE II (for ACE-FTS (sunrise) and MAESTRO) and suggest a negative bias between 23 and 40 km of about 10%. MAESTRO reports larger VMR values than the ACE-FTS. In comparisons with HALOE, ACE-FTS NO VMRs typically (on average) agree to ±8% from 22 to 64 km and to +10% from 93 to 105 km, with maxima of 21% and 36%, respectively. Partial column comparisons for NO2 show that there is quite good agreement between the ACE instruments and the FTIRs, with a mean difference of +7.3% for ACE-FTS and +12.8% for MAESTRO.
Published: 2008

11. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author: E. Dupuy, K. A. Walker, J. Kar, C. D. Boone, C. T. McElroy, P. F. Bernath, J. R. Drummond, R. Skelton, S. D. McLeod, R. C. Hughes, C. R. Nowlan, D. G. Dufour, J. Zou, F. Nichitiu, K. Strong, P. Baron, R. M. Bevilacqua, T. Blumenstock, G. E. Bodeker, T. Borsdorff, A. E. Bourassa, H. Bovensmann, I. S. Boyd, A. Bracher, C. Brogniez, J. P. Burrows, V. Catoire, S. Ceccherini, S. Chabrillat, T. Christensen, M. T. Coffey, U. Cortesi, J. Davies, C. De Clercq, D. A. Degenstein, M. De Mazière, P. Demoulin, J. Dodion, B. Firanski, H. Fischer, G. Forbes, L. Froidevaux, D. Fussen, P. Gerard, S. Godin-Beekman, F. Goutail, J. Granville, D. Griffith, C. S. Haley, J. W. Hannigan, M. Höpfner, J. J. Jin, A. Jones, N. B. Jones, K. Jucks, A. Kagawa, Y. Kasai, T. E. Kerzenmacher, A. Kleinböhl, A. R. Klekociuk, I. Kramer, H. Küllmann, J. Kuttippurath, E. Kyrölä, J.-C. Lambert, N. J. Livesey, E. J. Llewellyn, N. D. Lloyd, E. Mahieu, G. L. Manney, B. T. Marshall, J. C. McConnell, M. P. McCormick, I. S. McDermid, M. McHugh, C. A. McLinden, J. Mellqvist, K. Mizutani, Y. Murayama, D. P. Murtagh, H. Oelhaf, A. Parrish, S. V. Petelina, C. Piccolo, J.-P. Pommereau, C. E. Randall, C. Robert, C. Roth, M. Schneider, C. Senten, T. Steck, A. Strandberg, K. B. Strawbridge, R. Sussmann, D. P. J. Swart, D. W. Tarasick, J. R. Taylor, C. Tétard, L. W. Thomason, A. M. Thompson, M. B. Tully, J. Urban, F. Vanhellemont, T. von Clarmann, P. von der Gathen, C. von Savigny, J. W. Waters, J. C. Witte, M. Wolff, J. M. Zawodny, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Danish Climate Centre, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory (ESSL), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Environment Canada Sable Island, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Fujitsu FIP Corporation, Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] (IOAC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy-Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), GATS Inc., Atmospheric Sciences Division [Hampton], NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Department of Physics [Victoria], La Trobe University [Melbourne], Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), PennState Meteorology Department, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Australian Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] (BoM), Australian Government, Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, University of Oxford [Oxford], National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Naval Research Laboratory ( NRL ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] ( NIWA ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung ( IMK-IFU ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Danish Meteorological Institute ( DMI ), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory ( ESSL ), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] ( NCAR ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [Toronto] ( ESSE ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] ( IOAC ), Australian Antarctic Division ( AAD ), Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] ( UMass Amherst ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] ( RIVM ), Department of Meteorology [PennState], PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Atmosphere Watch Section, Bureau of Meteorology, Department of Bentho-pelagic processes, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] ( SSAI ), and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC )
Subjects: 010309 optics, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This paper presents extensive validation analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. The ACE satellite instruments operate in the mid-infrared and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectral regions using the solar occultation technique. In order to continue the long-standing record of solar occultation measurements from space, a detailed quality assessment is required to evaluate the ACE data and validate their use for scientific purposes. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the mean differences range generally between 0 and +10% with a slight but systematic positive bias (typically +5%). At higher altitudes (45–60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments by up to ~40% (typically +20%). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, agreement within ±10% (generally better than ±5%) is found between 18 and 40 km for the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (45–55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (by as much as −10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS and indicate a large positive bias (+10 to +30%) in this altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements. These systematic effects in the ozone profiles retrieved from the measurements of ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO are being investigated. This work shows that the ACE instruments provide reliable, high quality measurements from the tropopause to the upper stratosphere and can be used with confidence in this vertical domain.
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Photonic properties of erbium activated coated microspheres

Author: Yannick Dumeige, Alessandro Chiasera, Mariano Ferrari, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Feron, L. Ghisa, Stephane Trebaol, G. Nunzi Conti, Yoann Jestin, A. Chiappini, Cristina Armellini, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), SPIE, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Optical fiber, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Doping, chemistry.chemical_element, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Erbium, Optics, Coating, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, engineering, Optoelectronics, Fiber, Whispering-gallery wave, 010306 general physics, business, Luminescence, Sol-gel
Abstract: conference 6890 " Components and Materials V ", Session 2 " Glass Photonic Devices " [6890-08], http://spie.org/x19316.xml; International audience; A simple method based on the sol-gel technology has been developed to coat passive microspheres with an active coating. The microspheres were prepared by fusion of a standard telecom fiber with a dimension of about 200 μm and 400 μm and have been respectively dipped in a 70SiO2-30HfO2 sol activated by 1 mol% and 0.1 mol% of erbium ions.Here we first report about the luminescence properties of a silica-hafnia coating doped with erbium ions and then whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed for different sphere diameters, thickness of coating and erbium concentration. The thickness of the coating has been chosen in order to support at least one whispering gallery mode at 1.5 μm. A simple method based on the sol-gel technology has been developed to coat passive microspheres with an active coating. The microspheres were prepared by fusion of a standard telecom fiber with a dimension of about 200 μm and 400 μm and have been respectively dipped in a 70SiO2-30HfO2 sol activated by 1 mol% and 0.1 mol% of erbium ions.Here we first report about the luminescence properties of a silica-hafnia coating doped with erbium ions and then whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed for different sphere diameters, thickness of coating and erbium concentration. The thickness of the coating has been chosen in order to support at least one whispering gallery mode at 1.5 μm.
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Author: C. E. Blom, M. Endemann, D. H. Ehhalt, Marco Ridolfi, Bruno Carli, T. von Clarmann, Rob Koopman, J. Langen, Jean-Marie Flaud, Peter Mosner, Anu Dudhia, Gabriele Stiller, Manuel López-Puertas, L. Delbouille, Horst Fischer, Hermann Oelhaf, Roland Gessner, John Remedios, Rodolphe Zander, Anne Kleinert, Herbert Nett, Manfred Birk, Massimo Carlotti, Gaetan Perron, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Groupe Infra-Rouge de Physique Atmosphérique et Solaire (GIRPAS), GIRPAS, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut für Atmosphärische Chemie [Jülich], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, European Space Research Institute (ESRIN), European Space Agency (ESA), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EADS Astrium GmbH, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), ABB Bomem Inc., Earth Observation Science Group [Leicester] (EOS), Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester-University of Leicester, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Atmosphärische Chemie, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), EGU, Publication, DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre ( IPA ), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] ( DLR ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), European Space Research Institute ( ESRIN ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Earth Observation Science (EOS), Space Research Centre, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), H. Fischer, M. Birk, C. Blom, B. Carli, M. Carlotti, T. von Clarmann, L. Delbouille, A. Dudhia, D. Ehhalt, M. Endemann, J. M. Flaud, R. Gessner, A. Kleinert, R. Koopman, J. Langen, M. López-Puerta, P. Mosner, H. Nett, H. Oelhaf, G. Perron, J. Remedio, M. Ridolfi, G. Stiller, and R. Zander
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, atmospheric chemistry, Meteorology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Instrumentation, Fourier transform spectrometers, 010501 environmental sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, lcsh:Chemistry, Troposphere, 010309 optics, law, limb sounding, 0103 physical sciences, Fourier-transform spectroscopy, ddc:550, ENVISAT, Remote sensing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Observational error, Payload, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Michelson interferometer, lcsh:QC1-999, MIPAS, Earth sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, infrared, atmospheric dynamics, lcsh:Physics, Emission Spectrometer
Abstract: MIPAS, the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, is a mid-infrared emission spectrometer which is part of the core payload of ENVISAT. It is a limb sounder, i.e. it scans across the horizon detecting atmospheric spectral radiances which are inverted to vertical temperature, trace species and cloud distributions. These data can be used for scientific investigations in various research fields including dynamics and chemistry in the altitude region between upper troposphere and lower thermosphere. The instrument is a well calibrated and characterized Fourier transform spectrometer which is able to detect many trace constituents simultaneously. The different concepts of retrieval methods are described including multi-target and two-dimensional retrievals. Operationally generated data sets consist of temperature, H2O, O3, CH4, N2O, HNO3, and NO2 profiles. Measurement errors are investigated in detail and random and systematic errors are specified. The results are validated by independent instrumentation which has been operated at ground stations or aboard balloon gondolas and aircraft. Intercomparisons of MIPAS measurements with other satellite data have been carried out, too. As a result, it has been proven that the MIPAS data are of good quality. MIPAS can be operated in different measurement modes in order to optimize the scientific output. Due to the wealth of information in the MIPAS spectra, many scientific results have already been published. They include intercomparisons of temperature distributions with ECMWF data, the derivation of the whole NOy family, the study of atmospheric processes during the Antarctic vortex split in September~2002, the determination of properties of Polar Stratospheric Clouds, the downward transport of NOx in the middle atmosphere, the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, the influence of solar variability on the middle atmosphere, and the observation of Non-LTE effects in the mesosphere.
Published: 2008

14. Validation and data characteristics of methane and nitrous oxide profiles observed by MIPAS and processed with Version 4.61 algorithm

Author: Payan, Camy-Peyret, Oelhaf, Wetzel, Maucher, Keim, Pirre, Huret, Engel, Volk, M. C., Kuellmann, Kuttippurath, Cortesi, Bianchini, Mencaraglia, Raspollini, Redaelli, Vigouroux, De Mazière, Mikuteit, Blumenstock, Velazco, Notholt, Mahieu, Duchatelet, Smale, Wood, Jones, Piccolo, Payne, Bracher, Glatthor, Stiller, Grunow, Jeseck, Pfeilsticker, Butz, A, Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique (LPMAA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt [Frankfurt/Main] (IAU), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Remote Sensing Department [Bremen] (IFE), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen-University of Bremen, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of L'Aquila [Italy] (UNIVAQ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), University of Wollongong, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. (AER), Institut für Meteorologie [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Umweltphysik [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of Wollongong [Australia], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique ( LPMAA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt [Frankfurt/Main] ( IAU ), Institute of Remote Sensing [Bremen] ( IFE ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] ( IUP ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), University of L'Aquila [Italy] ( UNIVAQ ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] ( NIWA ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Atmospheric and Environment Research ( AER ), and Freie Universität Berlin [Berlin]
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Nitrous oxide, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Systematic deviation, Remote sensing, 01 natural sciences, Methane, SCIAMACHY, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Atmospheric composition and structure, chemistry, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite, Positive bias, Algorithm, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The ENVISAT validation programme for the atmospheric instruments MIPAS, SCIAMACHY and GOMOS is based on a number of balloon-bone, aircraft and ground-based correlative measurements. In particular the activities of validation scientists were coordinated by ESA within the ENVISAT Stratospheric Aircraft and Balloon Campaign of ESABC. As part of a series of similar papers on other species [this issue] and in parallel to the contribution of the individual validation teams, the present paper provides a synthesis of comparisons performed between MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles produced by the current ESA operational software (Instrument Processing Facility version 4.61 or IPF v4.61) and correlative measurements obtained from balloon and aircraft experiments as well as from satellite sensors or from ground-based instruments. The MIPAS-E CH4 values show a positive bias in the lower stratosphere of about 10%. In case of N2O no systematic deviation with respect to the validation experiments could be identified. The individual used MIPAS data version 4.61 still exhibits some unphysical oscillations in individual CH4 and N2O profiles caused by the processing algorithm (with almost no regularization). Taking these problems into account, the MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles are behaving as expected from the internal error estimation of IPF v4.61.
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Validation of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) version 2.2 temperature using ground-based and space-borne measurements

Author: Sica, R. J., Izawa, M. R. M., Walker, K. A., Boone, Petelina, S. V., Argall, P. S., Bernath, Burns, G. B., Catoire, Collins, R. L., Daffer, W. H., De Clercq, Fan, Z. Y., Firanski, B. J., French, W. J. R., Gerard, Gerding, Granville, Innis, J. L., Keckhut, Kerzenmacher, Klekociuk, A. R., Kyrö, Lambert, J. C., Llewellyn, E. J., Manney, G. L., McDermid, I. S., Mizutani, Murayama, Piccolo, Raspollini, Ridolfi, Robert, Steinbrecht, Strawbridge, K. B., Strong, Stübi, Thurairajah, B.: Validation of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) version 2.2 temperature using ground-based, space-borne measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 7, 12463-12539, Department of Physics and Astronomy [London, ON], University of Western Ontario ( UWO ), Department of Earth Sciences [London, ON], Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Department of Physics [Victoria], La Trobe University [Melbourne], Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] ( IOAC ), Australian Antarctic Division ( AAD ), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy-Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Geophysical Institute [Fairbanks], University of Alaska Fairbanks ( UAF ), Columbus Technologies Inc., Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics ( AIP ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Arctic Research Centre of Finnish Meteorological Institute, Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg ( MOHp ), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] ( DWD ), Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, R. J. Sica, M. R. M. Izawa, K. A. Walker, C. Boone, S. V. Petelina, P. S. Argall, P. Bernath, G. B. Burns, V. Catoire, R. L. Collins, W. H. Daffer, C. De Clercq, Z. Y. Fan, B. J. Firanski, W. J. R. French, P. Gerard, M. Gerding, J. Granville, J. L. Innis, P. Keckhut, T. Kerzenmacher, A. R. Klekociuk, E. Kyrö, J. C. Lambert, E. J. Llewellyn, G. L. Manney, I. S. McDermid, K. Mizutani, Y. Murayama, C. Piccolo, P. Raspollini, M. Ridolfi, C. Robert, W. Steinbrecht, K. B. Strawbridge, K. Strong, R. St&#369, bi, B. Thurairajah, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] (IOAC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics (AIP), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Science and Technology Branch, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Space (mathematics), Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mesosphere, lcsh:Chemistry, Troposphere, 010309 optics, remote sensing, Atmospheric composition and structure, Quality (physics), Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, validation, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Chemistry, Temperature, lcsh:QC1-999, Lidar, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Retrieval techniques, Atmospheric chemistry, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: An ensemble of space-borne and ground-based instruments has been used to evaluate the quality of the version 2.2 temperature retrievals from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS). The agreement of ACE-FTS temperatures with other sensors is typically better than 2 K in the stratosphere and upper troposphere and 5 K in the lower mesosphere. There is evidence of a systematic high bias (roughly 3–6 K) in the ACE-FTS temperatures in the mesosphere, and a possible systematic low bias (roughly 2 K) in ACE-FTS temperatures near 23 km. Some ACE-FTS temperature profiles exhibit unphysical oscillations, a problem fixed in preliminary comparisons with temperatures derived using the next version of the ACE-FTS retrieval software. Though these relatively large oscillations in temperature can be on the order of 10 K in the mesosphere, retrieved volume mixing ratio profiles typically vary by less than a percent or so. Statistical comparisons suggest these oscillations occur in about 10% of the retrieved profiles. Analysis from a set of coincident lidar measurements suggests that the random error in ACE-FTS version 2.2 temperatures has a lower limit of about ±2 K.
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Geophysical validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data

Author: M. De Mazière, T. E. Kerzenmacher, W. J. Reburn, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, C. Piccolo, Yasjka Meijer, Michel Pirre, S. Mikuteit, Valéry Catoire, Gerald Wetzel, Ugo Cortesi, Corinne Vigouroux, C. Keim, Giovanni Bianchini, Kenneth W. Jucks, Costas A. Varotsos, Yehan Liu, Elisa Castelli, Stephen W. Wood, Nicholas B. Jones, C. de Clercq, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Piera Raspollini, I. S. McDermid, Hermann Oelhaf, John Remedios, A. Taddei, H. Kuellmann, Marco Iarlori, T. Steck, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Thomas Blumenstock, Kelly Chance, Dan Smale, Gianluca Redaelli, F. Mencaraglia, Astrid Bracher, Alison Waterfall, Harjinder Sembhi, P. Demoulin, Fabrizio Ravegnani, G. Y. Liu, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing [Bremen] (IUP/IFE), University of Bremen, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Wollongong [Australia], University of Toronto, CETEMPS, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), University of Leicester, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing, Universität Bremen, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima ( ISAC ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] ( UNIVAQ.IT ), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] ( IAP ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] ( RIVM ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ( RAL ), National Institute for Water and Air Research Ltd., National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Collocation (remote sensing), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, Troposphere, lcsh:Chemistry, Data assimilation, Atmospheric composition and structure, Ozone, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, Stratosphere, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:QC1-999, Trace gas, Depth sounding, Earth sciences, Lidar, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), on-board the European ENVIronmental SATellite (ENVISAT) launched on 1 March 2002, is a middle infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer measuring the atmospheric emission spectrum in limb sounding geometry. The instrument is capable to retrieve the vertical distribution of temperature and trace gases, aiming at the study of climate and atmospheric chemistry and dynamics, and at applications to data assimilation and weather forecasting. MIPAS operated in its standard observation mode for approximately two years, from July 2002 to March 2004, with scans performed at nominal spectral resolution of 0.025 cm−1 and covering the altitude range from the mesosphere to the upper troposphere with relatively high vertical resolution (about 3 km in the stratosphere). Only reduced spectral resolution measurements have been performed subsequently. MIPAS data were re-processed by ESA using updated versions of the Instrument Processing Facility (IPF v4.61 and v4.62) and provided a complete set of level-2 operational products (geo-located vertical profiles of temperature and volume mixing ratio of H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2) with quasi continuous and global coverage in the period of MIPAS full spectral resolution mission. In this paper, we report a detailed description of the validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data, that was based on the comparison between MIPAS v4.61 (and, to a lesser extent, v4.62) O3 VMR profiles and a comprehensive set of correlative data, including observations from ozone sondes, ground-based lidar, FTIR and microwave radiometers, remote-sensing and in situ instruments on-board stratospheric aircraft and balloons, concurrent satellite sensors and ozone fields assimilated by the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting. A coordinated effort was carried out, using common criteria for the selection of individual validation data sets, and similar methods for the comparisons. This enabled merging the individual results from a variety of independent reference measurements of proven quality (i.e. well characterized error budget) into an overall evaluation of MIPAS O3 data quality, having both statistical strength and the widest spatial and temporal coverage. Collocated measurements from ozone sondes and ground-based lidar and microwave radiometers of the Network for the Detection Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) were selected to carry out comparisons with time series of MIPAS O3 partial columns and to identify groups of stations and time periods with a uniform pattern of ozone differences, that were subsequently used for a vertically resolved statistical analysis. The results of the comparison are classified according to synoptic and regional systems and to altitude intervals, showing a generally good agreement within the comparison error bars in the upper and middle stratosphere. Significant differences emerge in the lower stratosphere and are only partly explained by the larger contributions of horizontal and vertical smoothing differences and of collocation errors to the total uncertainty. Further results obtained from a purely statistical analysis of the same data set from NDACC ground-based lidar stations, as well as from additional ozone soundings at middle latitudes and from NDACC ground-based FTIR measurements, confirm the validity of MIPAS O3 profiles down to the lower stratosphere, with evidence of larger discrepancies at the lowest altitudes. The validation against O3 VMR profiles using collocated observations performed by other satellite sensors (SAGE II, POAM III, ODIN-SMR, ACE-FTS, HALOE, GOME) and ECMWF assimilated ozone fields leads to consistent results, that are to a great extent compatible with those obtained from the comparison with ground-based measurements. Excellent agreement in the full vertical range of the comparison is shown with respect to collocated ozone data from stratospheric aircraft and balloon instruments, that was mostly obtained in very good spatial and temporal coincidence with MIPAS scans. This might suggest that the larger differences observed in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere with respect to collocated ground-based and satellite O3 data are only partly due to a degradation of MIPAS data quality. They should be rather largely ascribed to the natural variability of these altitude regions and to other components of the comparison errors. By combining the results of this large number of validation data sets we derived a general assessment of MIPAS v4.61 and v4.62 ozone data quality. A clear indication of the validity of MIPAS O3 vertical profiles is obtained for most of the stratosphere, where the mean relative difference with the individual correlative data sets is always lower than ±10%. Furthermore, these differences always fall within the combined systematic error (from 1 hPa to 50 hPa) and the standard deviation is fully consistent with the random error of the comparison (from 1 hPa to ~30–40 hPa). A degradation in the quality of the agreement is generally observed in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, with biases up to 25% at 100 hPa and standard deviation of the global mean differences up to three times larger than the combined random error in the range 50–100 hPa. The larger differences observed at the bottom end of MIPAS retrieved profiles can be associated, as already noticed, to the effects of stronger atmospheric gradients in the UTLS that are perceived differently by the various measurement techniques. However, further components that may degrade the results of the comparison at lower altitudes can be identified as potentially including cloud contamination, which is likely not to have been fully filtered using the current settings of the MIPAS cloud detection algorithm, and in the linear approximation of the forward model that was used for the a priori estimate of systematic error components. The latter, when affecting systematic contributions with a random variability over the spatial and temporal scales of global averages, might result in an underestimation of the random error of the comparison and add up to other error sources, such as the possible underestimates of the p and T error propagation based on the assumption of a 1 K and 2% uncertainties, respectively, on MIPAS temperature and pressure retrievals. At pressure lower than 1 hPa, only a small fraction of the selected validation data set provides correlative ozone data of adequate quality and it is difficult to derive quantitative conclusions about the performance of MIPAS O3 retrieval for the topmost layers.
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Spectroscopic and lasing properties of Er3+-doped glass microspheres

Author: Laura Ghisa, S. Sebastiani, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Yannick Dumeige, Alessandro Chiasera, Massimo Brenci, G. Nunzi Conti, Patrice Féron, Maurizio Ferrari, Simone Berneschi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie ( IFN ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica ( DEIS ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Optical fiber, Luminescence, Optical spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, Laser pumping, Time resolved measurements, 01 natural sciences, Phosphate glass, law.invention, Phosphates, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Rare-earths in glasses, Materials Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], PACS: 42.55.Sa, 42.70.Ce, 78.55.Qr, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Lasers, Silicates, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, laser, 3. Good health, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Glass microsphere, Ceramics and Composites, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract: session "Photo-Induced Processes"; International audience; We report experimental results on the characterization of microspherical cavities fabricated in Er3+-doped modified-silica and phosphate glasses. The spectroscopic properties of the bulk precursor glasses as compared to the obtained microspheres were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy and lifetime measurement for the 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions. In both types of glasses we demonstrate whispering gallery mode laser action at various wavelengths around 1550 nm by using a 1480 nm pump laser coupled through a tapered fiber.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. MIPAS Level 2 operational analysis

Author: C. Belotti, Marco Ridolfi, Bruno Carli, Manuel López-Puertas, C. Piccolo, Anu Dudhia, Simone Ceccherini, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Reinhold Spang, Michael Höpfner, Vivienne H. Payne, Bernd Funke, Jean-Marie Flaud, Massimo Carlotti, John Remedios, Piera Raspollini, A. Burgess, P.Raspollini, C.Belotti, A.Burge, B.Carli, M.Carlotti, S.Ceccherini, B.M.Dinelli, A.Dudhia, J.-M.Flaud, B.Funke, M.Höpfner, M.Lopez-Puerta, V.Payne, C.Piccolo, J.J.Remedio, M.Ridolfi, R.Spang, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Bologna] (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Earth Observation Science, EGU, Publication, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Istituto di Scienza dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Earth Observation Science Group [Leicester] (EOS), Space Research Centre [Leicester], and University of Leicester-University of Leicester
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, Opacity, Meteorology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extrapolation, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Code (cryptography), Radiative transfer, Range (statistics), ddc:550, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Retrieval, Atmospheric composition, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Michelson interferometer, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:QD1-999, Environmental science, Satellite, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: International audience; The MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) instrument has been operating on-board the ENVISAT satellite since March 2002. In the first two years, it acquired in a nearly continuous manner high resolution (0.025 cm-1 unapodized) emission spectra of the Earth's atmosphere at limb in the middle infrared region. This paper describes the level 2 near real-time (NRT) and off-line (OL) ESA processors that have been used to derive level 2 geophysical products from the calibrated and geolocated level 1b spectra. The design of the code and the analysis methodology have been driven by the requirements for NRT processing. This paper reviews the performance of the optimized retrieval strategy that has been implemented to achieve these requirements and provides estimated error budgets for the target products: pressure, temperature, O3, H2O, CH4, HNO3, N2O and NO2, in the altitude measurement range from 6 to 68 km. From application to real MIPAS data, it was found that no change was needed in the developed code although an external algorithm was introduced to identify clouds with high opacity and to exclude affected spectra from the analysis. In addition, a number of updates were made to the set-up parameters and to auxiliary data. In particular, a new version of the MIPAS dedicated spectroscopic database was used and, in the OL analysis, the retrieval range was extended to reduce errors due to uncertainties in extrapolation of the profile outside the retrieval range and more stringent convergence criteria were implemented. A statistical analysis on the ?2 values obtained in one year of measurements shows good agreement with the a priori estimate of the forward model errors. On the basis of the first two years of MIPAS measurements the estimates of the forward model and instrument errors are in general found to be conservative with excellent performance demonstrated for frequency calibration. It is noted that the total retrieval error is limited by forward model errors which make effectless a further reduction of random errors. However, such a reduction is within the capabilities of MIPAS measurements, which contain many more spectral signatures of the target species than what has currently been used. Further work is needed to reduce the amplitude of the forward model errors, so that the random error and the total error budget can be reduced accordingly. The importance of the Averaging kernels for a full characterization of the target products is underlined and the equations are provided for their practical applications.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Photonic glass ceramics based on SnO2 nanocrystals: advances and perspectives

Author: Gloria Ischia, Pawel Gluchowski, Anna Lukowiak, Andrea Chiappini, Stefano Varas, Cristina Armellini, Barbara Rossi, Brigitte Boulard, Alessandro Chiasera, Giorgio Speranza, Roberta Ramponi, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Damiano Massella, Mourad Benabdesselam, Rolindes Balda, Paola Dentella, Wilfried Blanc, Joaquín Fernández, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, Alessandro Carpentiero, Maurizio Ferrari, James C. Gates, Shane M. Eaton, Francesco Prudenzano, Pier-John Sazio, Dominik Dorosz, Lidia Zur, Simone Berneschi, Daniele Zonta, Mario Christian Falconi, Giancarlo C. Righini, Franck Mady, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), AGH University of Science and Technology [Krakow, PL] (AGH UST), Politecnico di Bari, Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Bilbao, School 4, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN)-Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Physics Department, University of Trento [Trento], Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Department of civil, environmental and mechanical engineering [Trento], University of Southampton, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Centro Enrico Fermi, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)
Subjects: Sn o, Fabrication, Materials science, Sol-gel technology, Rare earth ions, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Physics::Optics, Glass photonics, 02 engineering and technology, Photonic glass-ceramics, law.invention, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, SiO, law, 021105 building & construction, SiO2-SnO2, Ceramic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, nanocrystals, Photorefractivity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Glass-ceramic, business.industry, Absorption cross section, Luminescence sensitizers, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nanocrystals, Nanocrystal, 2, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold, Refractive index
Abstract: Trabajo presentado al XVII Optical Components and Materials, celewbrado en San Francisco, California (USA) del 1 al 6 de febrero de 2020., SnO2-based glass-ceramics activated by rare earth ions have been extensively investigated because of the need to develop reliable fabrication protocols and clarify some interesting optical, structural, and spectroscopic features of the system. There is one important weakness in glass photonics when the rare earth ions are employed as luminescent sources. This is the low absorption cross section of the electronic states of the rare earth ions. A sensitizer is therefore requested. In the last years, we demonstrated that SiO2-SnO2 glass ceramics, presenting a strong absorption cross section in the UV range due to the SnO2 nanocrystal, are effective rare earth ions sensitizers. Another interesting property of the SiO2-SnO2 system is its photorefractivity. The high photorefractivity of sol-gel-derived SnO2-SiO2 glass-ceramic waveguides has been demonstrated in several papers published by our consortium. It has been shown that the UV irradiation induces refractive index change allowing the direct writing of both channel waveguides and Bragg gratings. The results presented in this communication not only demonstrate the viability and outstanding properties of the SiO2- SnO2 glass-ceramics for photonic applications but also put the basis for the fabrication of solid state and integrated lasers. The next steps of the research are the fabrication of the channels and mirrors exploiting the photorefractivity as well as to draw glass ceramic fiber, checking the lasing action and corresponding functional characteristics. Finally, it is worth noting that the dynamic of the energy transfer from the nanocrystals to the rare earth ions is still an exciting open question., This research is performed in the framework of the projects ERANet-LAC “RECOLA” (2017-2019), Centro Fermi MiFo (2017–2020) and NaWaGui (ANR-18-MRS1-0014). WB and MF acknowledge the support of CNR-STM - Short Term Mobility program 2019-2020.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Non-resonant secular dynamics of trans-Neptunian objects perturbed by a distant super-Earth

Author: Melaine Saillenfest, Giacomo Tommei, Giovanni B. Valsecchi, Marc Fouchard, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Trans-Neptunian object (TNO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Argument of periapsis, FOS: Physical sciences, Perturbation (astronomy), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Secular model, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Trans-Neptunian object, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Poincaré map, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Super-Earth, Secular model · Trans-Neptunian object (TNO) · Poincaré section, Applied Mathematics, Apsidal precession, Poincaré section, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Kozai mechanism, Computational Mathematics, Space and Planetary Science, Modeling and Simulation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We use a secular model to describe the non-resonant dynamics of trans-Neptunian objects in the presence of an external ten-earth-mass perturber. The secular dynamics is analogous to an "eccentric Kozai mechanism" but with both an inner component (the four giant planets) and an outer one (the eccentric distant perturber). By the means of Poincar�� sections, the cases of a non-inclined or inclined outer planet are successively studied, making the connection with previous works. In the inclined case, the problem is reduced to two degrees of freedom by assuming a non-precessing argument of perihelion for the perturbing body. The size of the perturbation is typically ruled by the semi-major axis of the small body: we show that the classic integrable picture is still valid below about 70 AU, but it is progressively destroyed when we get closer to the external perturber. In particular, for a>150 AU, large-amplitude orbital flips become possible, and for a>200 AU, the Kozai libration islands are totally submerged by the chaotic sea. Numerous resonance relations are highlighted. The most large and persistent ones are associated to apsidal alignments or anti-alignments with the orbit of the distant perturber., 34 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. FORUM: unique far-infrared satellite observations to better understand how Earth radiates energy to space

Author: Daniel Feldman, Claude Camy-Peyret, Quentin Libois, S. Del Bianco, Luca Palchetti, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Helen Brindley, Martin Riese, Bruno Carli, Laurent C.-Labonnote, Ugo Cortesi, M. Ridolfi, Roger Saunders, Hilke Oetjen, Tiziano Maestri, Carmine Serio, J. E. Murray, Stefan A. Buehler, G. Di Natale, Xianglei Huang, M. G. Mlynczak, Richard Bantges, Jacqueline E. Russell, National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), National Research Council - Florence, Italy, NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Universität Hamburg (UHH), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institute of Applied Physics 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Earth Science Division [LBNL Berkeley] (ESD), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, UK METOFFICE EXETER GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Scuola di Ingegneria [Potenza], Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), European Space Agency / Estec, Palchetti, L., Brindley, H., Bantges, R., Buehler, S. A., Camy-Peyret, C., Carli, B., Cortesi, U., Del Bianco, S., Di Natale, G., Dinelli, B. M., Feldman, D., Huang, X. L., C.-Labonnote, L., Libois, Q., Maestri, T., Mlynczak, M. G., Murray, J. E., Oetjen, H., Ridolfi, M., Riese, M., Russell, J., Saunders, R., Serio, C., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Space (mathematics), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Far infrared, 13. Climate action, FORUM, far infrared, ESA Earth explorer, water vapour, cirrus clouds, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, Environmental science, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Satellite, Earth (chemistry), 0401 Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Explorer9, 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, FarInfrared, Energy (signal processing), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) emitted to space is a fundamental component of the Earth’s energy budget. There are numerous, entangled physical processes that contribute to OLR and that are responsible for driving, and responding to, climate change. Spectrally resolved observations can disentangle these processes, but technical limitations have precluded accurate space-based spectral measurements covering the far infrared (FIR) from 100 to 667 cm−1 (wavelengths between 15 and 100 µm). The Earth’s FIR spectrum is thus essentially unmeasured even though at least half of the OLR arises from this spectral range. The region is strongly influenced by upper-tropospheric–lower-stratospheric water vapor, temperature lapse rate, ice cloud distribution, and microphysics, all critical parameters in the climate system that are highly variable and still poorly observed and understood. To cover this uncharted territory in Earth observations, the Far-Infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) mission has recently been selected as ESA’s ninth Earth Explorer mission for launch in 2026. The primary goal of FORUM is to measure, with high absolute accuracy, the FIR component of the spectrally resolved OLR for the first time with high spectral resolution and radiometric accuracy. The mission will provide a benchmark dataset of global observations which will significantly enhance our understanding of key forcing and feedback processes of the Earth’s atmosphere to enable more stringent evaluation of climate models. This paper describes the motivation for the mission, highlighting the scientific advances that are expected from the new measurements.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. SnO2:Er 3+ Glass-Ceramic Monoliths

Author: Ngoc Tran, Lam Thi, Massella, Damiano, Balda, Rolindes, Berneschi, Simone, Blanc, Wilfried, Boulard, Brigitte, Chiappini, Andrea, Chiasera, Alessandro, Dentella, Paola, Eaton, Shane, Fernandez, Joaquin, Ferrari, Maurizio, Gates, James, Gluchowski, Pawel, Ischia, Gloria, Lukowiak, Anna, Conti, Gualtiero, Prudenzano, Francesco, Rossi, Barbara, Righini, Giancarlo C., Zonta, Daniele, Zur, Lidia, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Bilbao, School 4, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Politecnico di Bari, Centro Enrico Fermi, Department of civil, environmental and mechanical engineering [Trento], University of Trento [Trento], Blanc, Wilfried, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN)-Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), and Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract: International audience; Glass photonics is a key technology crucial for the development of systems largely used in the everyday life from Information and Communication Technology to Health and Biology, Structural Engineering, and Environment Monitoring Systems. The research in the field is continuously addressed in the enhancement and optimization of optical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the systems as well as in the integration of several functionalities on a single platform. In this context transparent glass-ceramics can play a useful role thanks to their specific properties. Nanocrystals embedded in a glass matrix form two-phase materials and the respective composition and volume fractions of crystalline and amorphous phase determine the properties of the glass-ceramic. When the nanocrystal is doped with rare earth ions, the presence of the local crystalline environment promotes high absorption and emission cross sections, reduction of the non-radiative relaxation thanks to the lower phonon cutoff energy and tailoring of the ion-ion interaction by the control of the rare earth ion partition. In this communication, we focus the attention on SiO 2-SnO 2 transparent glass-ceramics that have demonstrated to be a very attractive material [1],[2]. In this communication we will highlights some recent outcomes obtained by our consortium in Er 3+ activated SiO 2-SnO 2 glass-ceramic monoliths and planar waveguides obtained by sol-gel routes.
Published: 2019

23. SiO2-SnO2 Photonic Glass-Ceramic

Author: Maurizio Ferrari, Barbara Rossi, Paola Dentella, Joaquín Fernández, Damiano Massella, Alessandro Chiasera, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Daniele Zonta, Giancarlo C. Righini, Anna Lukowiak, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, James C. Gates, Gloria Ischia, Lidia Zur, Wilfried Blanc, Shane M. Eaton, Pawel Gluchowski, Simone Berneschi, Rolindes Balda, Andrea Chiappini, Brigitte Boulard, Francesco Prudenzano, Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Bilbao, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Politecnico di Bari, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Department of civil, environmental and mechanical engineering [Trento], University of Trento [Trento], Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), and Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, photorefractivity, SnO2 nanocrystals, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, transparent glass-ceramics, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, planar waveguides, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Doping, sol-gel technology, erbium sensitizer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Engineering physics, Silicate, chemistry, Nanocrystal, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: Trabajo presentado en la 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), celebrada en Angers (Francia), del 9 al 13 de julio de 2019, Since the pioneering work of Tick, Borrelli, Cornelius, and Newhouse on transparent glass ceramics performed in 1995, the research regarding photonic glass-ceramics is growing fast. From the considerable number of published studies, covering a broad spectrum of applications, it appears that reliable fabrication techniques and realization of effective photonic devices are the two crucial pivots for an important advance in this glass photonics area. The important results already obtained in rare earth-activated oxyfluoride, fluoride, and silicate transparent glass ceramics are well known. Regarding silicate-based photonic glass-ceramics the binary system SiO 2 -SnO 2 is really appealing when we look at the two above mentioned objectives.In this communication, a brief review of the state of art, consolidated results and recent advances in erbium doped SnO 2 -SiO 2 transparent glass-ceramics, obtained by sol-gel technology will be presented, and short-term perspectives will be outlined.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Photonics Glass-ceramics

Author: Tran, T., Massella, D, Zur, L., Lukowiak, A., Chiasera, A., Chiappini, A., Prudenzano, F., Blanc, Wilfried, Varas, S., Armellini, C., Carpentiero, A, Zonta, D., Boulard, B., Gates, J, Sazio, P, Rossi, B, Berneschi, S., Conti, G, Righini, G, Ferrari, M, Division of Thermal and Fluids Engineering, NTU, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), CSMFO group, Politecnico di Bari, Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Blanc, Wilfried, Institute of Low temperature and Structure Research, and Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract: International audience; Transparent glass ceramic are nanocomposite systems that exhibit specific mor-phologic, structural and spectroscopic properties allowing to develop interesting new physical concepts, for instance the mechanism related to the high observed transparency and to the peculiar thermal properties, as well as novel photonic devices based on the enhancement of the luminescence and photons management. At the state of art, the fabrication techniques based on bottom-up and top-down approaches appear to be viable although a specific effort is required to achieve the necessary reliability and reproducibility of the preparation protocols. In particular, the dependence of the final product on the specific parent glass and on the employed synthesis still remain an important task of the research in material science. Looking to application, the enhanced spectroscopic properties typical of transparent glass ceramic activated by rare earth ions, in respect to those of the amorphous structures constitute an important point for the development of integrated optics devices, including optical amplifiers, monolithic waveguide laser, novel sensors, coating of spherical microresonators, and up and down converters for solar energy exploitation. The more important point to be resolved now is to develop a specific protocol for the patterning of the glass-ceramic avoiding worsening of the optical properties induced, for instance by the reactive ion etching process. In the case of oxide glasses exploitation of photorefractive properties is recently attempted with promising preliminary results. The excellent flexibility of the physical vapor deposition technique could be employed to deposit the material into suitable channels and layouts previously fabricated on the substrate. This lecture presents a short overview of the state of art in transparent glass ceramics focusing the discussion on photonics application and evidences the capital scientific and technological interest of this kind of two-phase materials, which require and allow common multidisciplinary research involving scientists coming from a large spectrum of disciplines.
Published: 2019

25. The SPARC water vapour assessment II: profile-to-profile comparisons of stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour data sets obtained from satellites

Author: Lossow, Khosrawi, Kiefer, Walker, K. A., Bertaux, J.-L., Blanot, Russell, J. M., Remsberg, E. E., Gille, J. C., Sugita, Sioris, C. E., Dinelli, B. M., Papandrea, Raspollini, Garcia-Comas, Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, Dudhia, Read, W. G., Nedoluha, G. E., Damadeo, R. P., Zawodny, Weigel, Rozanov, Azam, Bramstedt, Noël, Burrows, J. P., Sagawa, Kasai, Urban, Eriksson, Murtagh, D. P., Hervig, M. E., Högberg, Hurst, D. F., Rosenlof, K. H., Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Spurengase und Fernerkundung (IMK-ASF), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analytic and Computational Research, Inc. - Earth Sciences (ACRI-ST), Center for Atmospheric Sciences [Hampton] (CAS), Hampton University, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory (ACOML), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] (ATOC), University of Colorado [Boulder], Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Air Quality Research Division [Toronto], Environment and Climate Change Canada, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Bologna] (ISAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Serco S.p.A. [Frascati], Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Kyoto Sangyo University, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], GATS Inc., Department of Physical Geography [Stockholm], Stockholm University, ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory [Boulder] (GML), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Society of Canada Scientific Research Foundation, Canadian Space Agency, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of Oxford [Oxford], and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, MIPAS, water vapour, Earth sciences, 13. Climate action, comparison, satellite, ddc:550, 7. Clean energy, Water vapour profile
Abstract: Within the framework of the second SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) water vapour assessment (WAVAS-II), profile-to-profile comparisons of stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour were performed by considering 33 data sets derived from satellite observations of 15 different instruments. These comparisons aimed to provide a picture of the typical biases and drifts in the observational database and to identify data-set-specific problems. The observational database typically exhibits the largest biases below 70 inline-formula>>hPa, both in absolute and relative terms. The smallest biases are often found between 50 and 5 inline-formula>>hPa. Typically, they range from 0.25 to 0.5 inline-formula>>ppmv (5 % to 10 %) in this altitude region, based on the 50 % percentile over the different comparison results. Higher up, the biases increase with altitude overall but this general behaviour is accompanied by considerable variations. Characteristic values vary between 0.3 and 1 inline-formula>>ppmv (4 % to 20 %). Obvious data-set-specific bias issues are found for a number of data sets. In our work we performed a drift analysis for data sets overlapping for a period of at least 36 months. This assessment shows a wide range of drifts among the different data sets that are statistically significant at the 2inline-formula>>σ uncertainty level. In general, the smallest drifts are found in the altitude range between about 30 and 10 inline-formula>>hPa. Histograms considering results from all altitudes indicate the largest occurrence for drifts between 0.05 and 0.3 inline-formula>>ppmv decade-1. Comparisons of our drift estimates to those derived from comparisons of zonal mean time series only exhibit statistically significant differences in slightly more than 3 % of the comparisons. Hence, drift estimates from profile-to-profile and zonal mean time series comparisons are largely interchangeable. As for the biases, a number of data sets exhibit prominent drift issues. In our analyses we found that the large number of MIPAS data sets included in the assessment affects our general results as well as the bias summaries we provide for the individual data sets. This is because these data sets exhibit a relative similarity with respect to the remaining data sets, despite the fact that they are based on different measurement modes and different processors implementing different retrieval choices. Because of that, we have by default considered an aggregation of the comparison results obtained from MIPAS data sets. Results without this aggregation are provided on multiple occasions to characterise the effects due to the numerous MIPAS data sets. Among other effects, they cause a reduction of the typical biases in the observational database.© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License., The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), also known as SCISAT, is a Canadian-led mission mainly supported by the Canadian Space Agency and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We appreciate the HALOE Science Team and the many members of the HALOE project for producing and characterising the high-quality HALOE data set. We would like to thank the European Space Agency for making the MIPAS level-1b data set available. MLS data were obtained from the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences and Information Center. Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology was done under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. SCIAMACHY spectral data have been provided by ESA. Maya Garcia-Comas was financially supported by the MINECO under its >Ramon y Cajal> subprogramme, project ESP2014-54362-P and EC FEDER funds. Stefan Lossow was funded by the >Stratospheric Change and its Role for Climate Prediction> (SHARP) under contract STI 210/9-2.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Coherent emission from fully Er3+ doped monolithic 1-D dielectric microcavity fabricated by rf-sputtering

Author: Gianluca Galzerano, Anna Lukowiak, Francesco Scotognella, Mariano Ferrari, Sreeramulu Valligatla, L. Zur, Stefano Taccheo, Cesare Meroni, Davor Ristić, Alessandro Chiasera, Giorgio Speranza, Yann G. Boucher, G. C. Righini, Roberta Ramponi, Mile Ivanda, Stefano Varas, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Dipartimento di Fisica (Milano), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden (IFW Dresden), Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), College of Engineering [Swansea], Swansea University, Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: 1-D dielectric microcavity, Titania, Photoluminescence, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, law, Sputtering, Coherent emission, rf-sputtering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Silica, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Active layer, Full width at half maximum, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Excitation
Abstract: International audience; All Er3+ doped dielectric 1-D microcavity was fabricated by rf sputtering technique. The microcavity was constituted by half wave Er3+ doped SiO2 active layer inserted between two Bragg reflectors consists of ten pairs of SiO2/TiO2 layers also doped with Er3+ ions. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the morphology of the structure. Transmission measurements confirm the third and first order cavity resonance at 530 nm and 1560 nm, respectively. The photoluminescence measurements were obtained by optically exciting at the third order cavity resonance using 514.5 nm Ar+ laser with an excitation angle of 30°. The Full Width at Half Maximum of the emission peak at 1560 nm decrease with the pump power until the spectral resolution of the detection system of ∼1.0 nm. Moreover, the emission intensity presents a non-linear behavior with the pump power and a threshold at about 24 mW was observed with saturation of the signal at above 185 mW of pump power.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Passive and active whispering gallery mode microresonators in optical engineering

Author: Mario Christian Falconi, Daniele Farnesi, Cosimo Scarnera, Silvia Soria, Virginie Nazabal, Francesco Prudenzano, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Francesco Baldini, Francesco Chiavaioli, Maurizio Ferrari, Andrea Chiappini, Tetsuo Kishi, Dario Laneve, Giuseppe Palma, Politecnico di Bari, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kudryashov A.V.Paxton A.H.Ilchenko V.S., Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: Microsphere, Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, Optical engineering, Population, Optical spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Microbubble, 010309 optics, Erbium, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optical chemical sensing, 0103 physical sciences, Micro-disk, Optical biological sensing, Whispering gallery mode, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Stimulated emission, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Dopant, business.industry, chemistry, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract: The paper illustrates both review and original simulation results obtained via the modelling of different set-ups based on optical microresonators for applications in optical sensing, lasing and spectroscopy. Passive microbubbles and microspheres coupled via long period fiber gratings (LPGs) and tapered fibers are designed and/or constructed for sensing of biological fluids in the near infrared (NIR) wavelength range. Rare earth doped chalcogenide glass integrated microdisks are designed for active sensing in the medium infrared (MIR) wavelength range. A home-made numerical code modelling the optical coupling and the active behavior via rate equations of ion population is employed for a realistic design, by taking into account the most important active phenomena in rare earths, such as the absorption rates, the stimulated emission rates, the amplified spontaneous emission, the lifetime and branching ratios, the ion-ion energy transfers and the excited state absorption. Optical coupling is obtained by employing ridge waveguides, for micro-disks, and tapered fibers, for microspheres and microbubbles. Different dopant rare earths as Erbium (Er3+) and Praseodymium (Pr3+) are considered.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Coupling analysis of high Q resonators in add-drop configuration through cavity ringdown spectroscopy

Author: Simone Berneschi, Yannick Dumeige, Ayda Aray, Silvia Soria, Francesco Baldini, Stefano Pelli, Andrea Barucci, Mariagiovanna Gianfreda, Daniele Farnesi, Patrice Feron, Mojtaba Arjmand, G. Nunzi Conti, Gabriele Frigenti, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), LENS, Universita' di Firenze, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Optics and Laser Sciences & Technology Research Center, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 2014.0770A2202.8861, Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze, FP7 - 611682, FP7 Health, All optical morphogenesis of nanost, CNR-CONACYT, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Photon, Physics::Optics, Elementary particle, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Resonator, whispering gallery mode resonators, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, cavity ringdown spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, fiber optics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Drop (liquid), optical resonators, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, microcavities, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Massless particle, Wavelength, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; An original method able to fully characterize high-Q resonators in an add-drop configuration has been implemented. The method is based on the study of two cavity ringdown (CRD) signals, which are produced at the transmission and drop ports by wavelength sweeping a resonance in a time interval comparable with the photon cavity lifetime. All the resonator parameters can be assessed with a single set of simultaneous measurements. We first developed a model describing the two CRD output signals and a fitting program able to deduce the key parameters from the measured profiles. We successfully validated the model with an experiment based on a fiber ring resonator of known characteristics. Finally, we characterized a high-Q, home-made, MgF2 whispering gallery mode disk resonator in the add-drop configuration, assessing its intrinsic and coupling parameters.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Photonic band edge assisted spontaneous emission enhancement from all Er3+1-D photonic band gap structure

Author: Sreeramulu Valligatla, Alessandro Chiasera, Mariano Ferrari, Cesare Meroni, G. C. Righini, L. Zur, Yann G. Boucher, Anna Lukowiak, Stefano Varas, Francesco Scotognella, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden (IFW Dresden), Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, and Enrico Fermi Center
Subjects: 1-D dielectric photonic band gap structure, Titania, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Erbium, rf-sputtering, Silica, Spectroscopic features, 0103 physical sciences, Spontaneous emission, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Photonic crystal, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 1-D dielectric photonic band gap, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, rf sputtering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Luminescence
Abstract: International audience; All Er3+ doped dielectric 1-D Photonic Band Gap Structure was fabricated by rf-sputtering technique. The structure was constituted by of twenty pairs of SiO2/TiO2 alternated layers doped with Er3+ ions. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the morphology of the structure. Transmission measurements put in evidence the stop band in the range 1500 nm–1950 nm. The photoluminescence measurements were obtained by optically exciting the sample and detecting the emitted light in the 1.5 μm region at different detection angles. Luminescence spectra and luminescence decay curves put in evidence that the presence of the stop band modify the emission features of the Er3+ ions.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. On the Long-term Stability of Satellite and Ground-based Ozone Profile Records

Author: Hubert, Daan, Lambert, Jean-Christopher, Verhoelst, Tijl, Keppens, Arno, Granville, José, Bhartia, Pawan K., Bourassa, Adam E., Damadeo, Robert, Degenstein, Doug A., Froidevaux, Lucien, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Johnson, Bryan J., Kaempfer, Niklaus, Leblanc, Thierry, Lichtenberg, Günter, Murtagh, Donal P., Maillard Barras, Eliane, Nakane, Hideaki, Nedoluha, Gerald, Portafaix, Thierry, Querel, Richard, Raspollini, Piera, Russell, James-M., Salvador, J., Smit, Herman G. J., Sofieva, Viktoria, Stebel, Kerstin, Steinbrecht, Wolfgang, Stübi, René, Swart, Daan P. J., Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., van Malderen, Roeland, von Clarmann, Thomas, von Der Gathen, Peter, Walker, Kaley A., Weber, Mark, Witte, Jacquelyn C., Elian, Wolfram, Zawodny, Joseph M., Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, DLR Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung / DLR Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Center for Atmospheric Sciences [Hampton] (CAS), Hampton University, Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones [Buenos Aires] (CEILAP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa (CITEDEF), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Payerne Aerological Station, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] - Royal Meteorological Institute (IRM), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), University of Toronto, University of Bremen, Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa (CITEDEF), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] (IRM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France, and Cardon, Catherine
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract: International audience; In recent years, many analyses of space- and ground-based data records reported signs or evidence of increasing ozone concentrations in the extrapolar upper stratosphere since the late 1990s. However, the magnitude and significance of the trend estimates vary from one study to another, prompting the ozone research community to further investigate the causes of these differences. A broader consensus has emerged in the past year, placing the positive trend in the upper stratosphere on solid ground and heralding the start of an observation-based exploration of the recovery of stratospheric ozone. More accurate trend estimates are needed to identify the geophysical processes contributing to the recovery and their relative importance. Uncovering seasonal and spatial trend patterns will be key in reaching this objective, not just in the extrapolar upper stratosphere but elsewhere as well.However, at the moment, it remains unclear whether current ozone profile observing systems are able to provide this information. We address this question with an exploration of the capabilities and limitations of current data records in space (limb/occultation sounders) and on the ground (NDACC/GAW/SHADOZ-affiliated sonde, stratospheric lidar and microwave radiometer sites) to infer decadal trends and their vertical, latitudinal and seasonal patterns. We focus on long-term stability, one of the key drivers of the ability to detect trends. We present updated results of a comprehensive analysis that allowed us to quantify the drift of satellite data relative to the ground-based networks (Hubert et al., 2016). In a companion analysis we exploited the satellite data to uncover temporal and spatial inhomogeneities in the ground-based time series, some of which were traced to known changes occurring at different moments across the network. These changes add to the challenge to derive unbiased ozone trends from ground-based observations and they impede our ability to constrain satellite drift to the level required for current and future ozone trend assessments. We conclude that ongoing efforts to homogenise the ground-based data records are essential.
Published: 2017

31. Tin dioxide based photonic systems

Author: Alessandro Chiasera, Marcello Meneghetti, Stefano Varas, Anna Lukowiak, Maurizio Ferrari, Daniele Zonta, Lidia Zur, T. T. V. Tran, G. C. Righini, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, Cristina Armellini, University of Trento [Trento], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), CSMFO group, Vietnam National University [Hanoï] (VNU), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, PAS, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Jonchère, Laurent
Subjects: Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, Transmittance, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Thin film, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Glass-ceramic, business.industry, Tin dioxide, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Nanocrystal, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Tin, Luminescence
Abstract: In this work, due to the challenge for improving the efficiency of photonic materials actived by Rare Earth ions (RE), Tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) nanocrystals based glass ceramic was employed and it was proved as a viable photonic material. The base material for doping RE ions was formed by embedding Tin dioxide nanocrystals into silica. The properties of the material were investigated by both simulations and experimental characterisation. The material was fabricated by sol-gel routes in different geometrical systems : thin films, monoliths and planar waveguides. The characterisation of the thin films showed the fundamental properties of the material : structural, morphological and optical properties. The presence of Tin dioxide nanocrystals led to the increase of both solubility and emission of RE ions. The energy transfer from the nanocrystals to the RE ions was proved by experiments and the result was again clarified by the simulations on the structure and the bandstructure of Er3+ ions substituting for Sn4+ ions in the nanocrystals. The results confirmed the advantages of Tin dioxide as luminescence sensitizer [1] for Er3+. Following the approaches of Tin dioxide based thin films, monoliths and planar waveguides have been fabricated for further processing into photonic devices : fibers, solid lasers and integrated circuits. In order to obtain the crack-free and densified monoliths, the synthesis and heat-treatment process of the xerogels have been optimized. Thermal analyses were performed in order to identify the heat-treatment stategy. Up to now, heat-treatment at 950°C for 100h has shown the best performance on H 2 O removal, densification of the monoliths and crystallization of SnO 2 nanocrystals. By characterisation of the exictation and emission of the monoliths, the indirect excitation due to energy transferring from SnO 2 into Er3+ has been shown to be more efficient than the other direct excitations. The monoliths excited at 335nm, which corresponds to the bandgap of SnO 2 nanocrystals, showed the highest emission intensity at 1534nm (Figure 1). The Tin dioxide based waveguides have shown the good transparency with transmittance higher than 90% in UV-Vis-NIR regions and waveguiding properties (Figure 2) with low losses.
Published: 2017

32. On the retrieval of internal temperature of Antarctica Ice Sheet by using SMOS observations

Author: Macelloni, Leduc-Leballeur, Montomoli, Brogioni, Ritz, Picard, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), EDGe, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: L band, Brightness, Ice-sheet dynamics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Borehole, Soil Science, 02 engineering and technology, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Remote Sensing, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, Computers in Earth Sciences, Penetration depth, Water content, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geology, 020801 environmental engineering, 13. Climate action, Antarctica, Ice sheet, Cryosphere, Microwave
Abstract: Internal temperature is an essential parameter for understanding ice sheet dynamics. Glaciological models provide estimations of temperature profiles over Antarctica and few boreholes are also available, but, at present, no measurement exists at the scale of the whole continent. The analysis of passive L-band observations from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite shows that, thanks to the high penetration depth (i.e. up to 1500 m), it is possible to infer information on in depth glaciological properties of the ice sheet including temperature. In this study, the temperature profile is retrieved from SMOS observations using jointly glaciological and emission models. The developed methodology is valid in the inner part of Antarctica where the ice sheet is almost stable (i.e. its velocity is limited to 10 m yr−1). This analysis points out that in several cases, differences are observed between retrieved temperature profiles and those predicted by glaciological models. In particular, some geophysical parameters, namely the geothermal heat flux and the mean annual accumulation, need to be modified with respect to their prior values in order to simulate SMOS brightness temperatures. Results also clearly show that the reliability of the retrieved profile in depth decreases with increasing ice thickness due to the limited penetration of microwaves in the ice. The obtained results prove the capability of L band (1.4 GHz) passive microwave sensors for investigating the internal temperature of the ice-sheet.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Blue to NIR down-conversion in Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped fluorozirconate glasses compared to Pr3+/Yb3+ ion-pair

Author: Mariano Ferrari, Alessandro Chiasera, Anna Lukowiak, O. Maalej, G. C. Righini, Adel Bouajaj, Brigitte Boulard, Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratoire des technologies Innovantes [Tanger] (LTI), Ecole Nationale des Sciences Appliquées [Tanger] (ENSAT), CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Low temperature and Structure Research, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Laboratory of innovative technologies (LTI, ENSA–Tangier), and Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi (UAE)
Subjects: Materials science, genetic structures, Band gap, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Ion, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Doping, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Yield (chemistry), Optoelectronics, Quantum efficiency, 0210 nano-technology, business, Luminescence, Excitation
Abstract: Visible to near infrared down-conversion has been studied in Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ -codoped fluorozirconate glasses, namely ZBLA (57ZrF 4 -34BaF 2 -5LaF 3 -4AlF 3 in mol%) and ZLAG (70.2ZrF 4 -23.4LaF 3 −0.6AlF 3 -5.8GaF 3 in mol%). Upon blue excitation at 467 nm, Tm 3+ doped glasses yield weak red at 650 nm and strong luminescence around 800 nm. With the addition of Yb3+, emission between 950 and 1100 nm from the Yb 3+ : 2 F 5/2 → 2 F 7/2 transition was observed. This emission well matched with the band gap of crystalline silicium. The mechanism responsible for down-conversion in the Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ ion-pair is a down-shifting process. The highest energy transfer efficiency η ETE was 64.5% in ZBLA glasses doped with 0.75Tm 3+ /10Yb 3+ ; this efficiency was mainly limited by the strong Yb 3+ to Tm 3+ back energy transfer. ηETE appeared to increase more rapidly with the addition of Yb 3+ in ZLAG glasses, as already observed for the energy transfer in Pr 3+ /Yb 3+ ion-pair. The origin of the difference between the two hosts is probably related to the distribution of rare-earth ions in the host matrix, as shown by molecular dynamics simulation. The Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ system is found much less efficient that the Pr 3+ /Yb 3+ one, because of less efficient quantum efficiency together with lower blue absorption of Tm 3+ compared to Pr 3+ .
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Study and application of the resonant secular dynamics beyond Neptune

Author: Marc Fouchard, Giacomo Tommei, Melaine Saillenfest, Giovanni B. Valsecchi, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Solar System, Resonant secular model, Transneptunian object (TNO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-perihelion TNOs, Mean-motion resonance, Secular model, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Parameter space, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Planet, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Orbital elements, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Applied Mathematics, Resonance, Computational Mathematics, 13. Climate action, Modeling and Simulation, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We use a secular representation to describe the long-term dynamics of transneptunian objects in mean-motion resonance with Neptune. The model applied is thoroughly described in Saillenfest et al. (2016). The parameter space is systematically explored, showing that the secular trajectories depend little on the resonance order. High-amplitude oscillations of the perihelion distance are reported and localised in the space of the orbital parameters. In particular, we show that a large perihelion distance is not a sufficient criterion to declare that an object is detached from the planets. Such a mechanism, though, is found unable to explain the orbits of Sedna or 2012VP113, which are insufficiently inclined (considering their high perihelion distance) to be possibly driven by such a resonant dynamics. The secular representation highlights the existence of a high-perihelion accumulation zone due to resonances of type 1:k with Neptune. That region is found to be located roughly at semi-major axes in [100;300] AU, perihelion distances in [50;70] AU and inclinations [30;50]{\deg}. In addition to the flux of objects directly coming from the Scattered Disc, numerical simulations show that the Oort Cloud is also a substantial source for such objects. Naturally, as that mechanism relies on fragile captures in high-order resonances, our conclusions break down in the case of a significant external perturber. The detection of such a reservoir could thus be an observational constraint to probe the external Solar System., Comment: 32 pages, 22 figures, Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, online first (2016)
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Long-term dynamics beyond Neptune: secular models to study the regular motions

Author: Giacomo Tommei, Marc Fouchard, Melaine Saillenfest, Giovanni B. Valsecchi, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Solar System, Transneptunian object (TNO), Resonant secular model, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Integrable system, Lidov–Kozai mechanism, Motion (geometry), FOS: Physical sciences, Lidov-Kozai mechanism, 01 natural sciences, Secular model, Mean-motion resonance, Planet, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, Secular model, Lidov–Kozai mechanism, Mean-motion resonance, Transneptunian object (TNO), High-perihelion TNOs, Resonant secular model, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Applied Mathematics, Excursion, High-perihelion TNOs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, Term (time), Computational Mathematics, Classical mechanics, Space and Planetary Science, Modeling and Simulation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Two semi-analytical one-degree-of-freedom secular models are presented for the motion of small bodies beyond Neptune. A special attention is given to trajectories entirely exterior to the planetary orbits. The first one is the well-known non-resonant model of Kozai (1962) adapted to the transneptunian region. Contrary to previous papers, the dynamics is fully characterized with respect to the fixed parameters. A maximum perihelion excursion possible of 16.4 AU is determined. The second model handles the occurrence of a mean-motion resonance with one of the planets. In that case, the one-degree-of-freedom integrable approximation is obtained by postulating the adiabatic invariance, and is much more general and accurate than previous secular models found in the literature. It brings out in a plain way the possibility of perihelion oscillations with a very high amplitude. Such a model could thus be used in future studies to deeper explore that kind of motion. For complex resonant orbits (especially of type 1:k), a segmented secular description is necessary since the trajectories are only "integrable by parts". The two models are applied to the Solar System but the notations are kept general so that it could be used for any quasi-circular and coplanar planetary system., Comment: 38 pages, 17 figures
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Analyzing and modeling the SMOS spatial variations in the East Antarctic Plateau

Author: Macelloni, Leduc-Leballeur, Brogioni, Ritz, Picard, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EDGe, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Soil Science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Remote Sensing, symbols.namesake, Microwave emission model, Computers in Earth Sciences, Penetration depth, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ice Sheet, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Brewster's angle, Ice sheet temperature, Bedrock, Firn, Temperature, Geology, Snow, 13. Climate action, Brightness temperature, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, symbols, Antarctica, Spatial variability, Ice sheet, SMOS
Abstract: International audience; The SMOS brightness temperature (TB) collected on the East Antarctic Plateau revealed spatial signatures at L-band that have never before been observed when only higher-frequency passive microwave observations were available, and this has opened up a new field of research. Because of the much greater penetration depth, modeling the microwave ice sheet emission requires taking into account not only snow conditions on the surface, but should also include glaciological information. Even if the penetration depth of the L-band is not well known due to the uncertainty on the imaginary part of the ice permittivity, it is likely to be of the order of several hundreds of meters, which means that the temperature of the ice over a depth of nearly 1000 m influences the emission. Over such a depth, the temperature is related to both the surface conditions and to the ice sheet thickness, which in turn depends on the bedrock topography and on other glaciological variables. The present paper aims to provide a thorough theoretical explanation of the observed TB spatial variation close to the Brewster angle at vertical polarization, in order to limit the effect of surface and vertical density variability in the firn. In order to provide reliable inputs to the microwave emission models used for simulating TB data, an in-depth analysis of the temperature profiles was performed by means of glaciological models. The comparison between simulated and observed data over three transects totalling 2000 km in East Antarctica pointed out that, whereas the emission models are capable of explaining the TB spatial variations of several kelvins (0.7 and 2.9 K), they are unable to predict its absolute value correctly. This study also shows that the main limiting factor in simulating low-frequency microwave data is the uncertainty in the currently available imaginary part of the ice permittivity.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Photoluminescence and lasing in whispering gallery mode glass microspherical resonators

Author: Patrice Feron, Simone Berneschi, Yannick Dumeige, Silvia Soria, Cosimo Trono, Anna Lukowiak, Mariano Ferrari, A. Chiappini, Daniele Farnesi, Giancarlo C. Righini, M. Camerini, G. Nunzi Conti, Alessandro Chiasera, Davor Ristić, Stefano Pelli, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNES, shyro, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Fabrication, Biophysics, 02 engineering and technology, Sol–gel, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, law.invention, 010309 optics, Microspherical lasers, Optics, law, Erbium doped glass, 0103 physical sciences, sol-gel, silica-hafnia, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Silica–hafnia, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Glass microsphere, Whispering gallery modes, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business, whispering gallery modes, microspherical lasers, sol–gel, silica–hafnia, Lasing threshold, Tunable laser
Abstract: International audience; We report experimental results regarding the development of Er3+-doped glass microspherical cavities for the fabrication of compact sources at 1.55 μm. We investigate several different approaches in order to fabricate the microspheres including direct melting of Er3+-doped glass powders, synthesis of Er3+-doped monolithic microspheres by drawing Er3+-doped glass, and coating of silica microspheres with an Er3+-doped sol–gel layer. Details of the different fabrication processes are presented together with the photoluminescence characterization in free space configuration of the microspheres and of the glass precursor. We have analyzed the photoluminescence spectra of the whispering gallery modes of the microspheres excited using evanescent coupling and we demonstrate tunable laser action in a wide range of wavelengths around 1.55 μm. As much as 90 μW of laser output power was measured in Er3+-doped glass microspheres.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Ground-based assessment of the bias and long-term stability of 14 limb and occultation ozone profile data records

Author: Bryan J. Johnson, Ghassan Taha, David W. Tarasick, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Marion Marchand, J. C. Lambert, Kerstin Stebel, Elian Wolfram, Adam Bourassa, Herman G. J. Smit, Arno Keppens, Daan Hubert, Hideaki Nakane, C. Thomas McElroy, Daan Swart, Ugo Cortesi, Karl W. Hoppel, Joanna A. E. van Gijsel, Donal P. Murtagh, James M. Russell, Tijl Verhoelst, Anne M. Thompson, Peter von der Gathen, Erkki Kyrölä, Günter Lichtenberg, Richard Querel, Kevin Strawbridge, Doug Degenstein, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kaley A. Walker, Joachim Urban, Roeland Van Malderen, Thierry Portafaix, José Granville, Jean-Luc Baray, Thierry Leblanc, Lucien Froidevaux, Jacobo Salvador, René Stübi, Joseph M. Zawodny, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), DLR Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung / DLR Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), University of York [York, UK], Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Kochi University of Technology (KUT), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [Hampton] (APS), Hampton University, Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones [Buenos Aires] (CEILAP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa (CITEDEF), Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Troposphäre (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Payerne Aerological Station, Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] - Royal Meteorological Institute (IRM), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France, Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] (IRM)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, lcsh:TA715-787, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Occultation, Ozone depletion, SCIAMACHY, lcsh:Environmental engineering, Troposphere, Zeppelinobservatoriet, 13. Climate action, Stratopause, Ozone layer, ddc:550, Environmental science, Tropopause, lcsh:TA170-171, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The ozone profile records of a large number of limb and occultation satellite instruments are widely used to address several key questions in ozone research. Further progress in some domains depends on a more detailed understanding of these data sets, especially of their long-term stability and their mutual consistency. To this end, we made a systematic assessment of 14 limb and occultation sounders that, together, provide more than three decades of global ozone profile measurements. In particular, we considered the latest operational Level-2 records by SAGE II, SAGE III, HALOE, UARS MLS, Aura MLS, POAM II, POAM III, OSIRIS, SMR, GOMOS, MIPAS, SCIAMACHY, ACE-FTS and MAESTRO. Central to our work is a consistent and robust analysis of the comparisons against the ground-based ozonesonde and stratospheric ozone lidar networks. It allowed us to investigate, from the troposphere up to the stratopause, the following main aspects of satellite data quality: long-term stability, overall bias and short-term variability, together with their dependence on geophysical parameters and profile representation. In addition, it permitted us to quantify the overall consistency between the ozone profilers. Generally, we found that between 20 and 40 km the satellite ozone measurement biases are smaller than ±5 %, the short-term variabilities are less than 5–12 % and the drifts are at most ±5 % decade−1 (or even ±3 % decade−1 for a few records). The agreement with ground-based data degrades somewhat towards the stratopause and especially towards the tropopause where natural variability and low ozone abundances impede a more precise analysis. In part of the stratosphere a few records deviate from the preceding general conclusions; we identified biases of 10 % and more (POAM II and SCIAMACHY), markedly higher single-profile variability (SMR and SCIAMACHY) and significant long-term drifts (SCIAMACHY, OSIRIS, HALOE and possibly GOMOS and SMR as well). Furthermore, we reflected on the repercussions of our findings for the construction, analysis and interpretation of merged data records. Most notably, the discrepancies between several recent ozone profile trend assessments can be mostly explained by instrumental drift. This clearly demonstrates the need for systematic comprehensive multi-instrument comparison analyses.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. A new empirical model for radar scattering from bare soil surfaces

Author: Mohammad Choker, Mehrez Zribi, Mohammad El Hajj, Simonetta Paloscia, Francesco Mattia, Hans Lievens, Niko E. C. Verhoest, Frédéric Baup, Nicolas Baghdadi, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Istituto di Studi sui Sistemi Intelligenti per l'Automazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, C band, IMAGE SATELLITE, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Surface finish, soil parameters, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, remote sensing, law, Range (statistics), AGRICULTURAL FIELDS, Radar, Water content, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, ESTIMATION DES PARAMETRES, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, BACKSCATTERING, new backscattering model, MODELISATION EXPERIMENTALE, L-BAND SAR, SIR-C/X-SAR, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Geology, Synthetic aperture radar, Technology and Engineering, Mean squared error, Science, RETRIEVAL, RETRODIFFUSION RADAR, C-BAND, Physics::Geophysics, MULTI-POLARIZATION, Dubois model, bare soil, MOISTURE ESTIMATION, ROUGHNESS, backscattering model, radar return, TELEDETECTION, TERRASAR-X DATA, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Scattering, HUMIDITE DU SOL, SAR images, soil water content, Earth and Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS; International audience; The objective of this paper is to propose a new semi-empirical radar backscattering model for bare soil surfaces based on the Dubois model. A wide dataset of backscattering coefficients extracted from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and in situ soil surface parameter measurements (moisture content and roughness) is used. The retrieval of soil parameters from SAR images remains challenging because the available backscattering models have limited performances. Existing models, physical, semi-empirical, or empirical, do not allow for a reliable estimate of soil surface geophysical parameters for all surface conditions. The proposed model, developed in HH, HV, and VV polarizations, uses a formulation of radar signals based on physical principles that are validated in numerous studies. Never before has a backscattering model been built and validated on such an important dataset as the one proposed in this study. It contains a wide range of incidence angles (18-57) and radar wavelengths (L, C, X), well distributed, geographically, for regions with different climate conditions (humid, semi-arid, and arid sites), and involving many SAR sensors. The results show that the new model shows a very good performance for different radar wavelengths (L, C, X), incidence angles, and polarizations (RMSE of about 2 dB). This model is easy to invert and could provide a way to improve the retrieval of soil parameters.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Geophysical validation of temperature retrieved by the ESA processor from MIPAS/ENVISAT atmospheric limb-emission measurements

Author: Jean-Christopher Lambert, Hermann Oelhaf, T. von Clarmann, Alison Waterfall, Claude Robert, Felix Friedl-Vallon, C. de Clercq, Philippe Keckhut, Valéry Catoire, Gerald Wetzel, Yasjka Meijer, Michel Pirre, Brian Kerridge, Gelsomina Pappalardo, Lucia Mona, K. H. Fricke, Marco Iarlori, D. P. J. Swart, Marco Ridolfi, U. Blum, Simone Ceccherini, Bruno Carli, Hans Claude, Vincenzo Rizi, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis (Fraunhofer INT), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Physikalisches Institut [Bonn], Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Dipartimento di Fisica [L'Aquila], Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Potenza] (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Centre of Excellence CETEMPS, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Universität Bern [Bern], M. Ridolfi, U. Blum, B. Carli, V. Catoire, S. Ceccherini, H. Claude, C. De Clercq, K. H. Fricke, F. Friedl-Vallon, M. Iarlori, P. Keckhut, B. Kerridge, J.-C. Lambert, Y. J. Meijer, L. Mona, H. Oelhaf, G. Pappalardo, M. Pirre, V. Rizi, C. Robert, D. Swart, T. von Clarmann, A. Waterfall, G. Wetzel, and Publica
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, law.invention, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Propagation of uncertainty, Michelson interferometer, Inversion (meteorology), Geophysics, lcsh:QC1-999, Full width at half maximum, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Radiosonde, Environmental science, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) has been operating since March 2002 onboard of the ENVIronmental SATellite of the European Space Agency (ESA). The high resolution (0.035 cm−1 full width half maximum, unapodized) limb-emission measurements acquired by MIPAS in the first two years of operation have very good geographical and temporal coverage and have been re-processed by ESA with the most recent versions (4.61 and 4.62) of the inversion algorithms. The products of this processing chain are pressures at the tangent points and geolocated profiles of temperature and of the volume mixing ratios of six key atmospheric constituents: H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2. As for all the measurements made with innovative instruments and techniques, this data set requires a thorough validation. In this paper we present a geophysical validation of the temperature profiles derived from MIPAS measurements by the ESA retrieval algorithm. The validation is carried-out by comparing MIPAS temperature with correlative measurements made by radiosondes, lidars, in-situ and remote sensors operated either from the ground or stratospheric balloons. The results of the intercomparison indicate that the bias of the MIPAS profiles is generally smaller than 1 or 2 K depending on altitude. Furthermore we find that, especially at the edges of the altitude range covered by the MIPAS scan, the random error estimated from the intercomparison is larger (typically by a factor of two to three) than the corresponding estimate derived on the basis of error propagation. In this work we also characterize the discrepancies between MIPAS temperature and the temperature fields resulting from the analyses of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The bias and the standard deviation of these discrepancies are consistent with those obtained when comparing MIPAS to correlative measurements; however, in this case the detected bias has a peculiar behavior as a function of altitude. This behavior is very similar to that observed in previous studies and is suspected to be due to vertical oscillations in the ECMWF temperature. The current understanding is that, at least in the upper stratosphere (above ≈10 hPa), these oscillations are caused by a discrepancy between model biases and biases of assimilated radiances from primarily nadir sounders.
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Data Analysis for Clinical Applications

Author: Andrea, Barucci, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Università degli studi di Firenze, Prof. Giovanna Zatelli, and Barucci, Andrea
Subjects: Cancer Research, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SPI.ELEC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRS, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Magnetic resonance, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to make quantitative MRS a more valuable and attractive tool for daily clinical routine use.In the first part of this thesis we will give a brief overview of clinical proton MRS, discussing some common clinical MRS problems. In the second part we will focus on developing a standard protocol to confront the accuracy of different MR scanners from different vendors, analyzing water signals with the open source software package jMRUI – v5.0.Then we will discuss some examples of T1, T2 estimation of water and metabolites at the 3T MR scanner of A.O.U. Meyer using the Siemens phantom aimed to quantitation of metabolites concentration. Some examples of quantitation coming from S.G.D. and S.M.N. hospital will be described too.In the final part some examples of in vivo prostate cancer spectroscopic data analysis will be described, illustrating the potential of MRS, the differences between Philips data analysis software and jMRUI-v5.0, and showing the problems in the daily clinical routine acquisitions too. These MRS data have been acquired at Philips Achieva 1.5 T (S.M.N. hospital).As a future development we will describe an interesting application of PMMA and gold nanoparticles to MR, using the know-how coming from biophotonics research at IFAC-CNR., L'objectif de cette thèse est de faire MRS quantitative un outil plus utile et attrayant pour une utilisation clinique de routine quotidienne.Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous allons donner un bref aperçu des MRS de protons cliniques, discutant des problèmes cliniques communs MRS. Dans la deuxième partie, nous allons nous concentrer sur l'élaboration d'un protocole standard pour faire face à la précision des différents scanners MR de différents fournisseurs, analyse des signaux d'eau avec le package open source de logiciels jMRUI - v5.0.Ensuite, nous allons discuter de quelques exemples de T1, T2 estimation de l'eau et des métabolites au scanner 3T MR de A.O.U. Meyer en utilisant le fantôme Siemens visant à la quantification de la concentration de métabolites. Quelques exemples de quantification provenant de S.G.D. et S.M.N. l'hôpital sera décrit aussi.Dans la dernière partie quelques exemples de la prostate spectroscopique de cancer analyse in vivo de données seront décrites, illustrant le potentiel des MRS, les différences entre Philips logiciel d'analyse de données et jMRUI-v5.0, et montrant les problèmes dans les acquisitions cliniques de routine quotidienne aussi. Ces données MRS ont été acquises chez Philips Achieva 1,5 (hôpital S.M.N.) T.En tant que développement futur, nous allons décrire une application intéressante de PMMA et de nanoparticules d'or à MR, en utilisant le savoir-faire provenant de la recherche en biophotonique au IFAC-CNR.
Published: 2015

42. Integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers based on erbium-doped oxide glasses

Author: Adolfo Speghini, Alessandro Chiasera, Massimo Brenci, Marco Bettinelli, Maurizio Montagna, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, L. Zampedri, Patrice Féron, Cristina Siligardi, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Carole Arnaud, G. Nunzi Conti, Herve Portales, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico (DST), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali e dell'Ambiente (DIMA), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, University of Verona (UNIVR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), and Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)
Subjects: Nonlinear optics, Materials science, Fabrication, Photoluminescence, Optical fiber, Coupled modes theory, Erbium doped glasses, Er3+-doped glass, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, silica glass, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, optical amplifier, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Micro-resonator, 010302 applied physics, Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], optical amplifiers, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, PACS: 42.70.Ce, 42.82.Et, 78.66.Jg, 82.65.F, Integrated optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Er doped glass, chemistry, microsphere, Bistability, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: published in " Optical Materials ", special issue " Selected Papers of the Second International Workshop on Photonic and Electronic Materials ", topic " Photonic materials "; International audience; Er3+ -doped glasses have been a subject of great interest in the recent years for their application in the areas of guided wave optical amplifiers and lasers. Oxide-glass matrices, in particular, offer the advantage of relatively simple fabrication processes--both for bulk glasses and optical fibers--and have demonstrated quite good properties in the 1.5 µm wavelength band. Here we present some results we have obtained in the development of different silica-based glasses and in their application to the production of integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers. As to the former application, two classes of silica glasses have been produced and investigated, namely a melted soda-lime-alumino-silicate glass and a sol-gel silica-hafnia glass. Both of them exhibit a wide emission bandwidth and seem quite promising for broadband optical amplifiers. We also demonstrated low-threshold microlasers, based on whispering gallery mode spherical resonators, fabricated in different oxide glasses.
Published: 2005
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. The Geostationary Fourier Imaging Spectrometer (GeoFIS) as part of the Geostationary Tropospheric Pollution Explorer (GeoTroPE) mission: objectives and capabilities

Author: Marco Ridolfi, J. M. Flaud, Luca Palchetti, Massimo Carlotti, Heinrich Bovensmann, T. v. Clarmann, Herbert Fischer, T. Steck, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Gilles Bergametti, C. Deniel, John P. Burrows, Johannes Orphal, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), J.-M. FLAUD, J. ORPHAL, G. BERGAMETTI, C. DENIEL, TH. VON CLARMANN, F. FRIEDL-VALLON, T. STECK, H. FISCHER, H. BOVENSMANN, J. P. BURROWS, CARLOTTI M., M. RIDOLFI, and L. PALCHETTI
Subjects: Pollution, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, media_common.quotation_subject, Aerospace Engineering, Fourier imaging, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, Troposphere, remote sensing, spettroscopia di Fourier, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal infrared, Geostationary orbit, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Remote sensing, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, composizione dell'atmosfera, Spectrometer, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GeoFIS, GeoTROPE mission, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Tropospheric pollution, cambiamenti climatici
Abstract: International audience; Paris 7-Paris 12, CNRS UMR7583, 61 av. du G en eral de Gaulle, Abstract The Geostationary Fourier Imaging Spectrometer (GeoFIS) is proposed as part of the European Geostationary Tropospheric Pollution Explorer (GeoTroPE) mission. For this mission, two instruments are considered: one covering the thermal infrared region (GeoFIS) and one covering the ultraviolet-visible and near-infrared regions (GeoSCIA). The geostationary orbit (GEO) provides indeed a unique opportunity of monitoring tropospheric pollution and photochemistry on the regional and continental scales. In this paper, the scientific goals and requirements of GeoFIS are described.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Analyse des données Spectroscopie par résonance magnétique pour les applications cliniques

Author: Andrea, Barucci, Barucci, Andrea, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Università degli studi di Firenze, and Prof. Giovanna Zatelli
Subjects: Cancer Research, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SPI.ELEC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRS, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Magnetic resonance, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to make quantitative MRS a more valuable and attractive tool for daily clinical routine use.In the first part of this thesis we will give a brief overview of clinical proton MRS, discussing some common clinical MRS problems. In the second part we will focus on developing a standard protocol to confront the accuracy of different MR scanners from different vendors, analyzing water signals with the open source software package jMRUI – v5.0.Then we will discuss some examples of T1, T2 estimation of water and metabolites at the 3T MR scanner of A.O.U. Meyer using the Siemens phantom aimed to quantitation of metabolites concentration. Some examples of quantitation coming from S.G.D. and S.M.N. hospital will be described too.In the final part some examples of in vivo prostate cancer spectroscopic data analysis will be described, illustrating the potential of MRS, the differences between Philips data analysis software and jMRUI-v5.0, and showing the problems in the daily clinical routine acquisitions too. These MRS data have been acquired at Philips Achieva 1.5 T (S.M.N. hospital).As a future development we will describe an interesting application of PMMA and gold nanoparticles to MR, using the know-how coming from biophotonics research at IFAC-CNR., L'objectif de cette thèse est de faire MRS quantitative un outil plus utile et attrayant pour une utilisation clinique de routine quotidienne.Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous allons donner un bref aperçu des MRS de protons cliniques, discutant des problèmes cliniques communs MRS. Dans la deuxième partie, nous allons nous concentrer sur l'élaboration d'un protocole standard pour faire face à la précision des différents scanners MR de différents fournisseurs, analyse des signaux d'eau avec le package open source de logiciels jMRUI - v5.0.Ensuite, nous allons discuter de quelques exemples de T1, T2 estimation de l'eau et des métabolites au scanner 3T MR de A.O.U. Meyer en utilisant le fantôme Siemens visant à la quantification de la concentration de métabolites. Quelques exemples de quantification provenant de S.G.D. et S.M.N. l'hôpital sera décrit aussi.Dans la dernière partie quelques exemples de la prostate spectroscopique de cancer analyse in vivo de données seront décrites, illustrant le potentiel des MRS, les différences entre Philips logiciel d'analyse de données et jMRUI-v5.0, et montrant les problèmes dans les acquisitions cliniques de routine quotidienne aussi. Ces données MRS ont été acquises chez Philips Achieva 1,5 (hôpital S.M.N.) T.En tant que développement futur, nous allons décrire une application intéressante de PMMA et de nanoparticules d'or à MR, en utilisant le savoir-faire provenant de la recherche en biophotonique au IFAC-CNR.
Published: 2015

45. Semi-empirical calibration of the integral equation model for co-polarized L-band backscattering

Author: Baghdadi, N., Zribi, M., Paloscia, S., Verhoest, N., Lievens, H., Baup, F., Mattia, F., Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Istituto di studi sui sistemi intelligenti per l'automazione (ISSIA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: TRAITEMENT DU SIGNAL, RUGOSITE, RADAR A SYNTHESE D'OUVERTURE, SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR, SIGNAL PROCESSING, HUMIDITE DU SOL, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ROUGHNESS, SOIL WATER CONTENT, MODELISATION
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS; International audience; The objective of this paper is to extend the semi-empirical calibration of the backscattering Integral Equation Model (IEM) initially proposed for SAR data at C- and X-bands to SAR data at L-band. A large dataset of radar signal and in situ measurements (soil moisture and surface roughness) over bare soil surfaces were used. This dataset was collected over numerous agricultural study sites in France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Germany and Italy using various SAR sensors (AIRSAR, SIR-C, JERS-1, PALSAR-1, ESAR). Results showed slightly better simulations with exponential autocorrelation function than with Gaussian function and with HH than with VV. Using the exponential autocorrelation function, the mean difference between experimental data and IEM simulations is +0.4 dB in HH and -1.2 dB in VV with an RMSE about 3.5 dB. In order to improve the modelling results of the IEM for a better use in the inversion of SAR data, a semi-empirical calibration of the IEM was performed at L-band in replacing the correlation length derived from field experiments by a fitting parameter. Better agreement was observed between the backscattering coefficient provided by the SAR and that simulated by the calibrated version of the IEM (RMSE about 2.2 dB).
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Uncertainties in recent satellite ozone profile trend assessments (SI2N, WMO 2014) : A network-based assessment of fourteen contributing limb and occultation data records

Author: Hubert, Daan, Lambert, Jean-Christopher, Verhoelst, Tijl, Granville, José, Keppens, Arno, Cortesi, Ugo, Degenstein, Doug A., Froidevaux, Lucien, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hoppel, Karl W., Kyrölä, Erkki, Leblanc, Thierry, Lichtenberg, Guenter, Mcdermid, I. Stuart, Mcelroy, Tom, Murtagh, Donal, Nakane, Hideaki, Russell III, James R., Smit, Herman G. J., Stebel, Kerstin, Steinbrecht, Wolfgang, Stübi, René, Swart, Daan P. J., Taha, Ghassan, Thompson, Anne M., Urban, Joachim, Van Gijsel, Anne, Von Der Gathen, Peter, Walker, Kaley A., Zawodny, Joseph M., Cardon, Catherine, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), York University [Toronto], Chalmers Techniska Högskola, University of Gothenburg (GU), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Center for Atmospheric Sciences [Hampton] (CAS), Hampton University, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Troposphäre (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), University of Toronto, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Numerous vertical ozone profile data records collected over the past decades from space-based platforms have the potential to allow the ozone and climate communities to tackle a variety of research questions. A prime topic is the study and documentation of long-term changes in the vertical distribution of atmospheric ozone, as targeted by the recent SPARC/IO3C/IGACO-O3/NDACC Initiative (SI2N) and WMO’s ozone assessment. Such studies typically require data records with documented mutual consistency in terms of bias and long-term stability. Ground-based networks play a pivotal role in evaluating which satellite records comply with end-user requirements and are fit for their purpose. They provide high-quality, independent measurements on a pseudo- global scale from the ground up to the stratosphere.Here, we present an assessment of the long-term stability and mutual consistency of fourteen limb/occultation ozone profile data records, using NDACC/GAW/SHADOZ ozonesonde and NDACC lidar network data as reference standards. We show how a harmonized analysis framework and robust statistical methods allow us to derive reliable estimates of the drift, bias, and short-term variability of each satellite data record. We examine the dependence of these parameters on altitude and, whenever feasible, on latitude and season. The analysis is furthermore performed in four different ozone profile representations, as it turns out that auxiliary data used for unit and representation conversions can impact data quality. We discuss the mutual consistency and compliance of satellite data sets with respect to specific user requirements from GCOS and from climate research groups. We conclude by reflecting on the implication of our results for trend assessments on recently merged ozone profile records (Ozone_CCI, GOZCARDS, SWOOSH, ...)
Published: 2015

47. Tailoring of the free spectral range and geometrical cavity dispersion of a microsphere by a coating layer

Author: Davor Ristic [1], Maurizio Mazzola [2], Andrea Chiappini [2], Alphonse Rasoloniaina [3], Patrice Féron [3], Roberta Ramponi [4], Giancarlo C. Righini [5, Gilles Cibiel [7], Mile Ivanda [1], Maurizio Ferrari [2], CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), CSMFO group, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], CNES R&T projet SHYRO, SHYRO, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI)
Subjects: cavity dispersion, Materials science, genetic structures, Rare-earth-dopedmaterials, Optical Resonators, Rare earth doped materials, Physics::Optics, engineering.material, Resonator, Optics, Coating, Dispersion (optics), otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Modal dispersion, sol-gel, FSR, Opticalresonators, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Nonlinear optics, coating, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, microresonators, OCIS codes: (140.4780) Optical resonators, (160.5690) Rare-earth-doped materials, WGM, engineering, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Refractive index, Free spectral range, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract: International audience; The modal dispersion of a whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator is a very important parameter for use in all nonlinear optics applications. In order to tailor the WGM modal dispersion of a microsphere, we have coated a silica microsphere with a high-refractive-index coating in order to study its effect on the WGM modal dispersion. We used Er3+ ions as a probe for a modal dispersion assessment. We found that, by varying the coating thickness, the geometrical cavity dispersion can be used to shift overall modal dispersion in a very wide range in both the normal and anomalous dispersion regime.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Coated spherical microresonators for cutting-edge photonics application

Author: Alphonse Rasoloniaina, Maurizio Mazzola, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Cristina Armellini, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Maurizio Ferrari, Davor Ristić, Mile Ivanda, Andrea Chiappini, Gilles Cibiel, Patrice Feron, Roberta Ramponi, CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CSMFO group, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), CNES R&T projet SHYRO, Petar Biljanovic, SHYRO, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Edge (geometry), engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Resonator, Coating, 0103 physical sciences, sol-gel, Thin film, Mode volume, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, coating, Optically active, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, microresonators, laser, WGM, engineering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Layer (electronics)
Abstract: Coated Spherical Microresonators; International audience; We present some results regarding the coating of spherical microresonators and their different applications in photonics. The spherical microresonators high Q-factor and low mode volume make them perfect for a number of photonics applications. A thin film coating on the surface of the resonator using an optically active or passive layer can be used to modify signifactly the optical properties of the resonator. We have succesfully coated the microresonators with a sol-gel derived coating and have studied the effect of the coating on different optical and spectroscopical properties of the microresonator.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. SiO2-HfO2 coated spherical microresonators

Author: Ristic, Davor, Mazzola, Maurizio, Chiappini, Andrea, Armellini, Cristina, Rasoloniaina, Alphonse, Féron, Patrice, Ramponi, Roberta, Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero, Pelli, Stefano, Righini, Giancarlo C., Cibiel, Gilles, Ivanda, Mile, Ferrari, Maurizio, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Enrico Fermi, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), CNES R&T projet SHYRO, Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, SHYRO, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

50. Whispering gallery mode profiles in a coated microsphere

Author: Andrea Chiappini, Daniele Farnesi, Mile Ivanda, Patrice Feron, Maurizio Mazzola, Davor Ristić, Giancarlo C. Righini, Gilles Cibiel, Maurizio Ferrari, Gualtiero Nunzi-Conti, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), CNES R&T projet SHYRO, SHYRO, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, and Centro Enrico Fermi
Subjects: Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, 010309 optics, Resonator, Optics, Coating, law, 0103 physical sciences, luminescence, General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], refractive index, High-refractive-index polymer, business.industry, Optical Cavity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, modal profiles, Core (optical fiber), mode profiles, sol gel coating, Optical cavity, Whispering gallery modes, engineering, optical microresonators, sensing, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: International audience; The properties of whispering gallery modes (WGM) of a microsphere can be tailored by coating the resonator with a thin ﬁlm. If the coating has a higher refractive index than the microsphere core, the resulting structure will have a conﬁguration which has similarities both with a classical WGM resonator and with a planar waveguide. By choosing the ﬁlm thickness and refractive index we can tailor the degree of conﬁnement of the WGMs inside the sphere core, coating and surrounding medium, which will in turn inﬂuence the WGMs contact with its surroundings. We present a study of the eﬀect of the coating on the WGM mode proﬁles in particular of a silicon coating on a silica sphere.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

143 results on '"Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC)"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources