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We report on the numerical design optimization of a new kind of relatively simple porous-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for terahertz (THz) waveguiding. A novel twist is introduced in the regular hexagonal PCF by including a diamond-shaped porous-core inside the hexagonal cladding. The numerical results obtained from an efficient finite-element method, which confirms a high birefringence of the order 10(-2) and low effective material loss of 0.07 cm(-1) at 0.7-THz operating frequency. The proposed PCF is anticipated to be useful in polarization sensitive THz appliances.

In this Letter, we suggest a novel kind of porous-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) (to the best of our knowledge) for efficient transportation of polarization maintaining (PM) terahertz (THz) waves. We introduce an asymmetry in both the porous-core and the porous-cladding of the structure to achieve an ultra-high birefringence. Besides, only circular air holes have been used to represent the structure, which makes the fiber remarkably simple. The transmission characteristics have been numerically examined based on an efficient finite element method (FEM). The numerical results confirm a high birefringence of ∼0.045 and a very low effective absorption loss of 0.08 cm−1 for optimal design parameters at 1 THz. We have also thoroughly investigated some important modal properties such as bending loss, power fraction, dispersion, and fabrication possibilities to completely analyze the structure’s usability in a multitude of THz appliances. Moreover, physical insights of the proposed fiber have also been discussed. © 2016 Optical Society of America