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In this research article, the focus is on the idea of Muteness and Oppression of Women in the novel, The Wasted Vigil (2008). Two theories, i.e., Patriarchy and A Muted Group have been employed as a theoretical framework for the research. This research is qualitative in nature. The objectives are designed to find and dissect the factors that contribute to social oppression and muteness. In the light of A Muted Group and Patriarchy Theories, the research attempts to expound the aspects of gender oppression, muteness and social marginalization. MGT, pioneered by scholars like Ardener and later elaborated by Kramarae, serves as a crucial lens through which the silencing of women was examined. Simultaneously, the patriarchal tenets discussed by Connell and hooks offer a space to explore the systemic hierarchy that marginalizes women. Excerpts from the novel depicted women as not merely passive victims but also strong and resistant, subverting yet remaining entrapped within male-dominated structures. The findings revealed that the women characters in The Wasted Vigil (2008) depict muted groups whose attempts at resistance were both courageous and paradoxically constrained by patriarchal discourse. Secondly, the portrayal of oppressive factors ranged from physical violence to institutional forms of control. While acts of resistance were observed, they frequently occurred within boundaries established by the dominant male society, thereby questioning the efficacy of such resistance. This investigation contributes masterfully to the discourse on gender inequity and social oppression, employing meticulous textual analysis supported by influential theoretical paradigms.

Citrullus colocynthis has been used to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia. Nanoparticles, due to their nano size, phytochemical adsorption, improved systemic absorption and high bioavailability, can potentially improve the bioactivity of C. colocynthis. The present research focused on studying the effects of green synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaONPs) from C. colocynthis fruit extracts (CCFE) on the body weight, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and the histopathology of male albino rats. Ethyl‐α-d-glucopyranoside was the major constituent of CCFE, along with phenols and fatty acids. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of CCFE were 203.52 and 173.56 mg/g, respectively. Male albino rats (n=36) were divided into six groups (six rats per each group). Rats in different groups received a normal diet, a high‐fat diet (HFD), HFD with lovastatin (10 mg/kg), HFD with CCFE (20 mg/kg), HFD with CaONPs (2 mg/kg), and HFD with a synergistic solution of CCFE (10 mg/kg) and CaONPs (1 mg/kg), respectively. When CaONPs were administered in combination with CCFE, significant weight-lowering activity (36.36%), improved cardiovascular health as per AIP (0.12±0.01b), and fewer disturbances in liver function parameters were observed. Histological analysis at the end of the experiment showed that CaONPs were not toxic to the gastric mucosa and were slightly toxic to hepatocytes. It can be concluded that CaONPs synthesized from CCFE can be a potent weight-lowering and antilipidemic agent with fewer side effects.

In this research article, the Othering idea of Women is focused on The Wasted Vigil (2008), from the perspective of Muted Group and Patriarchy Theories. In this article, qualitative research method is used. The objective aims to scrutinize the aspects of gendered otherness and social marginalization. MGT, pioneered by scholars like Ardener and later elaborated by Kramarae, serves as a crucial lens through which the silencing of women was examined. Simultaneously, the patriarchal tenets discussed by Connell and Hooks offer a space to explore the systemic hierarchy that marginalizes women. The findings reveal that the women characters in The Wasted Vigil (2008) depict muted groups whose attempts at resistance were both courageous and paradoxically constrained by patriarchal discourse. Secondly, the portrayal of oppressive factors ranged from physical violence to institutional forms of control. Whereas the resistance’s acts were observed, they often fell within the margins established by the male’s dominant society, thereby questioning the effectiveness of such resistance.

In the study of chemical graph theory, an enormous number of research analyses have confirmed that the characteristics of chemicals have a nearby connection with their atomic structure. Topological indices were the critical tools for the analysis of these chemical substances to consider the essential topology of chemical structures. Topological descriptors are the significant numerical quantities or invariant in the fields of chemical graph theory. In this study, we have studied the crystal structure of copper oxide (Cu2O{{\rm{Cu}}}_{2}{\rm{O}}) chemical graph, and further, we have calculated the ev-degree- and ve-degree-based topological indices of copper oxide chemical graph. This kind of study may be useful for understanding the atomic mechanisms of corrosion and stress–corrosion cracking of copper.