Search

This study investigated the influence of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis natto (BSN) on various physiological parameters in red sea bream (Pagrus major). Key areas of focus included growth performance, enzymatic activity related to digestion, blood biochemical markers, immune function, and intestinal microorganisms. Fish were fed diets containing the following five levels of BSN: 0 (BN0), 1 × 107 (BN1), 1 × 108 (BN2), 1 × 109 (BN3), and 1 × 1010 (BN4) CFU kg−1 for 56 days. Fish in the BN3 and BN4 groups exhibited significantly enhanced growth performance compared to the BN0 group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the activities of amylase and protease were markedly higher in the BN3 and BN4 groups (p < 0.05), while lipase activity was significantly elevated in fish fed the BN3 diet (p < 0.05). Plasma total protein levels also showed a significant increase in the BN3 group (p < 0.05). Hematocrit values were significantly improved in the BN2, BN3, and BN4 groups (p < 0.05). The intestinal microbiota of the BN4 group revealed a significant increase in the populations of B. subtilis and Lactobacillus, along with a notable decrease in Escherichia coli, compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). The observed improvements in specific growth rate and the upregulation of growth-related gene expression further highlight the potential of BSN to enhance the growth performance of red sea bream. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with BSN at 1 × 109 and 1 × 1010 CFU kg−1 shows promise in improving the growth, health, and immune response of red sea bream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 50 days feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of spent oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi by-product from wheat straw as a probiotic supplement on juvenile red sea bream (Pagrus major). Elements that were investigated includes physiological condition, digestive enzyme, haemato-biochemistry, antioxidant, immune and stress. 300 juvenile P. major (9.13±0.05 g) were randomly distributed into 200 L polyethylene tank (20 fish per tank) in triplicate of 5 treatments; CD1 control (0 g/kg supplement), D2 (1%, 10 g/kg supplement), D3 (1.5%, 15 g/kg supplement), D4 (2%, 20 g/kg supplement), D5 (2.5%, 25 g/kg supplement). The fish were fed twice daily and sampling for weight and length were conducted at 35 and 50 days of the feeding trial. Whole body samples, digestive organs and blood collection was done at the end of the feeding trial. The results of the combine parameters assessed by multivariate analysis revealed that fish group fed on D5 has significantly better performance followed by D4, D2 and D3 compared to the fish group fed the control diet D1 (ANOSIM, P

This study presents the effect of integrating single strain (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA)) and mix strain (Streptococcus faecalis (SF), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and Bacillus mesentericus (BM)) probiotic bacteria on growth, physiologycal condition and body composition of juvenile Amberjack (initial average body weight 5.61 ± 0.11 g). Three experimental diets were formulated, the basal diet CD1 (0% probiotic supplement), diet D2 (0.2 % BA supplement, 1.59 × 108 CFU/g) and diet D3 (1% SF + LP + BM supplement, 2.86 × 108 CFU/g diet). Fifty fish were stock in each 500 L poly tank (duplicate tank per treatment) and fed the test diets for 75 days. Sampling of weights and length was conducted at 60 and 75 days, while the whole body samples were collected at the end of the feeding trial. The results showed a significantly higher condition factor (K), relatively condition factor (Kn), and a numerically high length weight relationship (LWRs) coefficient (b) for fish feed BA supplement compared to control and SF + LP + BM group. The coefficient (b) values of the allometric growth trend was improved for BA supplement with no significant difference from isometric growth coefficient (b = 3). The growth parameters, feed utilization, survival (%) and whole body composition of fish fed the test diets were not significantly altered. A numerically high mono-saturated fatty acid (MUFA) and, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio was noted in fish group fed BA supplement, suggesting an improve physiological condition of fish. This results demonstrated that integration of single strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens at 0.2 % has significantly improved physiological condition for Amberjack juvenile. Further research is recommended to determine the dietary effects of the single strain (BA) and mix strain (SF + BM + LP) on growth and health of fish.

Background: Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) provides a high rate of curative resection, the remaining gastric mucosa after ESD is at risk for metachronous superficial gastric epithelial neoplasms (MSGENs). It leaves room for risk factors for developing MSGENs after ESD. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological risk factors for the occurrence of MSGENs, and to evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with the MSGENs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 369 patients with 382 lesions that underwent ESD for adenoma/early gastric cancer. Results: Twenty-seven MSGENs occurred. The subjects were divided into MSGEN and not-MSGEN groups. There was a significantly higher frequency of histological intestinal metaplasia (HIM) and initial neoplasm location in the upper or middle parts (INUM) in the MSGEN group. The HIM and INUM groups had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of MSGENs. We compared 27 patients from the MSGEN group and 27 patients from the not-MSGEN group that were matched to the MSGEN group for variables including HIM and INUM. There was a significantly higher frequency of the spontaneous disappearance of H. pylori in the MSGEN group. Conclusions: HIM, INUM, and the spontaneous disappearance of H. pylori may be clinicopathological risk factors for developing MSGENs after ESD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Femtosecond electron diffraction is used to resolve structural dynamics in single-crystal (EDO-TTF)2XF6 (X = P, Sb). The retarded and lower-dimensional dynamics of the latter illustrate the dominant role of counterion motion in stabilizing electron transfer.