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Contexte : En matière de formation interprofessionnelle (FIP), les stages cliniques constituent une opportunité intéressante pour ancrer les connaissances théoriques sur l’interprofessionnalisme dans un contexte réel. Or, même si on retrouve une diversité d’expériences décrites dans la littérature scientifique, tant en regard du contexte de stage que des objectifs et des modalités de ce dernier, il n’existe aucune taxonomie adaptée aux stages interprofessionnels. But : Le présent article propose donc une classification originale de l’intensité des apprentissages en contexte de stages interprofessionnels se basant sur les fondements théoriques de la FIP et sur les données issues d’une recension narrative à ce sujet. Méthode : Une recension narrative de la littérature a été effectuée afin de cibler les articles portant sur des expériences de stages interprofessionnels en santé et services sociaux. Le processus d’analyse s’est déroulé par le biais d’itérations entre collectes de données provenant des articles et analyse selon les fondements théoriques en FIP et de l’expertise des membres de notre équipe interprofessionnelle de recherche. En cohérence avec les principes de devis de recherche de design pédagogique, ce processus a mené à la proposition, puis à la validation, d’une classification de l’intensité des apprentissages interprofessionnels en stages cliniques. Résultats : Cette classification est composée de quatre niveaux suggérant une évolution de l’intensité de l’expérience pédagogique en fonction de la modalité et de la focalisation des activités, du degré d’interaction avec les patients, de la prévisibilité et la complexité des tâches et de la durée du stage. Conclusion : Ce type de classification permettra d’aider de futurs instigateurs de stages à planifier de façon rigoureuse et cohérente la progression du développement des connaissances et des compétences des apprenants en FIP en fonction du contexte de leur programme et des objectifs visés.

La pénurie du personnel enseignant est un enjeu international qui n’épargne pas le Québec (Desmeules et Hamel, 2017; Mukamurera et al., 2023; Portelance et al., 2008; Létourneau, 2014). La formation continue de qualité figure parmi les moyens de favoriser la rétention et l’attraction des enseignants parce qu’elle leur permet de s’outiller face aux nouvelles réalités de leur profession et favorise leur engagement professionnel (Homsy, 2019; OCDE, 2018). La situation actuelle a un effet direct sur la qualité de l’enseignement et sur l’avenir des élèves. Cela nous amène à nous interroger sur les solutions à envisager pour favoriser l’attraction et la rétention du personnel enseignant et sur les enjeux documentés qui font le lien entre la pénurie du personnel enseignant et la formation qui est actuellement proposée.L'objectif de cette revue de littérature est d'examiner comment le développement des compétences enseignantes peut contribuer à améliorer l'attraction et la rétention du personnel enseignant au Québec. L'analyse des travaux existants nous a conduits à explorer un angle inédit pouvant être utile au Québec comme à l’international : l'intégration de concepts issus de la technologie éducative comme pistes d'action pour soutenir la mise en place d’une démarche de développement professionnel.

IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) called for the expansion of all nursing roles, including advanced practice nurses (APNs), nurse practitioners (NPs) and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs). A clearer understanding of the impact of these roles will inform global priorities for advanced practice nursing education, research, and policy.ObjectiveTo identify gaps in advanced practice nursing research globally.Materials and methodsA review of systematic reviews was conducted. We searched CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Healthstar, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, DARE, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP, and Web of Science from January 2011 onwards, with no restrictions on jurisdiction or language. Grey literature and hand searches of reference lists were undertaken. Review quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Study selection, data extraction and CASP assessments were done independently by two reviewers. We extracted study characteristics, country and outcome data. Data were summarized using narrative synthesis.ResultsWe screened 5840 articles and retained 117 systematic reviews, representing 38 countries. Most CASP criteria were met. However, study selection by two reviewers was done inconsistently and language and geographical restrictions were applied. We found highly consistent evidence that APN, NP and CNS care was equal or superior to the comparator (e.g., physicians) for 29 indicator categories across a wide range of clinical settings, patient populations and acuity levels. Mixed findings were noted for quality of life, consultations, costs, emergency room visits, and health care service delivery where some studies favoured the control groups. No indicator consistently favoured the control group. There is emerging research related to Artificial Intelligence (AI).ConclusionThere is a large body of advanced practice nursing research globally, but several WHO regions are underrepresented. Identified research gaps include AI, interprofessional team functioning, workload, and patients and families as partners in healthcare.Prospero registration numberCRD42021278532.

Abstract Aim Nurse practitioners' added value is often mentioned in publications, but there is no consensus on what value is being added, what value is being added to, and in comparison with what can be considered to be an added value. A concept analysis was conducted to clarify the attributes, antecedents and meaning and better understand the Nurse practitioners' added value. Design Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis. Methods We selected 16 studies from CINAHL, PubMed, Embase and Medline to conduct a thematic analysis, considering the date, location and discipline of publications. Results Nurse practitioners' added value include: skills and competencies, activities performed, positive outcomes, and positive role perceptions, and antecedents and consequences were also identified. Nurse practitioners' added value is context‐dependent and is often understood by comparing it to a context prior to implementation or other professional roles.

L’Université TÉLUQ offre différents programmes en technologie éducative et en formation à distance. Ces programmes ont pour but de former des chercheurs et des professionnels de l’ingénierie pédagogique, de la technologie éducative et de la formation à distance. L’équipe des programmes a récemment adopté une approche programme qui offre l’occasion de réviser les cours tout en assurant une cohérence d’ensemble au sein de chacun de ces programmes. Cette cohérence pédagogique s’articule autour d’un référentiel des compétences en technologie éducative et en formation à distance, que nous présentons dans le présent article. Le contexte qui a mené à élaborer un tel référentiel et la méthode de travail pour y arriver sont d’abord brièvement expliqués. Le référentiel avec ses rôles, ses compétences, ses composantes et sous-composantes de compétences est ensuite présenté, de même qu’un retour réflexif sur la démarche,

Le développement des environnements numériques d’apprentissage (ENA), en plus de permettre un accès plus facile au savoir pour tous, présente un nouvel éventail de possibilités pédagogiques. Les infrastructures de données intrinsèquement liées aux technologies du Web favorisent l’apprentissage adaptatif et la personnalisation des parcours. C’est le cas de la plateforme en ligne Gérer ma douleur, qui propose un ensemble de ressources pour les personnes souffrant de douleurs chroniques afin de les aider à mieux les gérer. Dans le cadre du développement de cette plateforme, l’équipe de recherche-développement a procédé à l’étude de l’usage de ces infrastructures de données, pour proposer de nouvelles offres et fonctionnalités de façon à soutenir les parcours d’apprentissage. Un module de suivi de parcours d’apprentissage a été développé en partenariat avec de potentiels futurs utilisateurs, en suivant une méthodologie de prototypage rapide. De plus, un système de collecte et d’observation des données d’interactions des utilisateurs avec la plateforme a été mis en place en utilisant la norme xAPI, dans l’optique d’améliorer le fonctionnement du dispositif d’apprentissage et les différentes ressources éducatives.

Abstract In recent decades, a number of training environments have moved toward program approaches targeting the development of competencies. Because of their complexity, monitoring the development of those competencies is a considerable challenge. Our hypothesis is that a computerized system could help overcome this challenge if it is well accepted by its users. We first summarize the context surrounding the implementation of such approaches. Next, we present a computerized assessment system established in the Family Medicine Residency Program of Laval University (Québec, Canada) that we have developed for tracking the development of residents’ competencies. We then present the analysis of interactions between the system and users and the various proposals that were made to improve the system and longitudinal tracking of the development of the targeted competencies. We consider that this research provides useful guidelines for the computerized monitoring of learners' competencies development and for the design of such systems.

Introduction In 2020, the World Health Organization called for the expansion and greater recognition of all nursing roles, including advanced practice nurses (APNs), to better meet patient care needs. As defined by the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the two most common APN roles include nurse practitioners (NPs) and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs). They help ensure care to communities as well as patients and families with acute, chronic or complex conditions. Moreover, APNs support providers to deliver high quality care and improve access to services. Currently, there is much variability in the use of advanced practice nursing roles globally. A clearer understanding of the roles that are in place across the globe, and how they are being used will support greater role harmonization, and inform global priorities for advanced practice nursing education, research, and policy reform. Objective To identify current gaps in advanced practice nursing research globally. Materials and methods This review of systematic reviews will provide a description of the current state of the research, including gaps, on advanced practice nursing globally. We will include reviews that examine APNs, NPs or CNSs using recognized role definitions. We will search the CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, HealthStar, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library Database of Systematic Reviews and Controlled Trials Register, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Joanna Briggs Institute, and Web of Science electronic databases for reviews published from January 2011 onwards, with no restrictions on jurisdiction or language. We will search the grey literature and hand search the reference lists of all relevant reviews to identify additional studies. We will extract country, patient, provider, health system, educational, and policy/scope of practice data. We will assess the quality of each included review using the CASP criteria, and summarize their findings. This review of systematic reviews protocol was developed following the PRISMA-P recommendations. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021278532.

AimTo identify indicators sensitive to the practice of primary healthcare nurse practitioners (PHCNPs).Materials and methodsA review of systematic reviews was undertaken to identify indicators sensitive to PHCNP practice. Published and grey literature was searched from January 1, 2010 to December 2, 2022. Titles/abstracts (n = 4251) and full texts (n = 365) were screened independently by two reviewers, with a third acting as a tie-breaker. Reference lists of relevant publications were reviewed. Risk of bias was examined independently by two reviewers using AMSTAR-2. Data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by a second reviewer to describe study characteristics, indicators, and results. Indicators were recoded into categories. Findings were summarized using narrative synthesis.ResultsForty-four systematic reviews were retained including 271 indicators that were recoded into 26 indicator categories at the patient, provider and health system levels. Nineteen reviews were assessed to be at low risk of bias. Patient indicator categories included activities of daily living, adaptation to health conditions, clinical conditions, diagnosis, education-patient, mortality, patient adherence, quality of life, satisfaction, and signs and symptoms. Provider indicator categories included adherence to best practice-providers, education-providers, illness prevention, interprofessional team functioning, and prescribing. Health system indicator categories included access to care, consultations, costs, emergency room visits, healthcare service delivery, hospitalizations, length of stay, patient safety, quality of care, scope of practice, and wait times.DiscussionEqual to improved care for almost all indicators was found consistently for the PHCNP group. Very few indicators favoured the control group. No indicator was identified for high/low fidelity simulation, cultural safety and cultural sensitivity with people in vulnerable situations or Indigenous Peoples.ConclusionThis review of systematic reviews identified patient, provider and health system indicators sensitive to PHCNP practice. The findings help clarify how PHCNPs contribute to care outcomes.Prospero registration numberCRD42020198182.

L’émergence grandissante des technologies n’est plus une surprise pour personne. Depuis les dernières années, les chercheurs ont avancé plusieurs hypothèses et présenté autant de résultats sur les retombées avantageuses que procure l’usage des technologies éducatives sur l’apprentissage (Bulfin, Johnson et Bigum, 2015). À cet effet, plusieurs études s’intéressent à l’impact et à l’utilisation efficace de différentes technologies éducatives pour l’ensemble des matières à l’école. Néanmoins, l’éducation physique semble être le mouton noir. De ce fait, très peu d’études expliquent comment, en éducation physique, les technologies éducatives sont utilisées ainsi que l’optimisation des apprentissages qu’elles engendrent (Casey, Goodyear, et Armour, 2016). Pourtant, tout comme les apprenants, les athlètes pourraient également bénéficier des retombées avantageuses de l’utilisation des technologies éducatives afin de développer leurs qualités athlétiques. La présente recherche permet de comprendre comment l’usage de certaines technologies éducatives peut contribuer au développement des qualités athlétiques en tentant de répondre à la question suivante : Comment la ludification, la réalité virtuelle (RV) immersive et l’intelligence artificielle (IA) peuvent-elles contribuer au développement des qualités athlétiques? Afin de répondre à cette question, une analyse de la littérature est d’abord effectuée. Ensuite, un cadre théorique est élaboré. Ce dernier se base sur la création d’une synergie entre deux théories appliquées au contexte sportif et l’exploitation de ces trois stratégies pédagogiques intégrant les technologies éducatives innovantes du 21e siècle pour le développement de qualités athlétiques. Le cadre proposé permet d’envisager l’hybridation de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage, lié au développement des qualités athlétiques.

Abstract Literature can sometimes tend to present context and culture almost as synonyms. This creates ambiguity, which can complicate the consideration of contextual and cultural variables in instructional design, learning, and teaching. From an ontological point of view, some clarification of these two concepts is essential as each may influence learning and teaching in different ways. Moreover, since context and culture are interconnected to a certain degree, one may influence the other. It is crucial to make a clear distinction between these two concepts in the knowledge models used in intelligent tutoring systems and distance education systems if we want to facilitate (1) their consideration in pedagogical scenarios, and (2) the accumulation of knowledge about different contexts and cultures. This article offers an interpretation of the difference between these two concepts, presenting context as a substrate of culture. Contextual issues in the learning ecology are also discussed, based on this distinction.

Introduction Primary healthcare nurse practitioners (PHCNPs) practice in a wide range of clinical settings and with diverse patient populations. Several systematic reviews have examined outcomes of PHCNP roles. However, there is a lack of consistency in the definitions used for the PHCNP role across the reviews. The identification of indicators sensitive to PHCNP practice from the perspective of patients, providers and the healthcare system will allow researchers, clinicians and decision-makers to understand how these providers contribute to outcomes of care.Methods and analysis A review of systematic reviews is proposed to describe the current state of knowledge about indicators sensitive to PHCNP practice using recognised role definitions. Outcomes of interest include any outcome indicator measuring the effectiveness of PHCNPs. We will limit our search to 2010 onwards to capture the most up-to-date trends. The following electronic databases will be searched: Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library Database of Systematic Reviews and Controlled Trials Register, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, EMBASE, Global Health, Health Economics Evaluation Database, Health Evidence, HealthStar, Health Systems Evidence, Joanna Briggs Institute, Medline, PDQ-Evidence, PubMed and Web of Science. The search strategies will be reviewed by an academic librarian. Reference lists of all relevant publications will be reviewed. Grey literature will be searched from 2010 onwards, and will include: CADTH Information Services, CADTH’s Grey Matters tool, OpenGrey, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses and WHO. The PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews will be searched to identify registered review protocols. The review protocol was developed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols recommendations. A narrative synthesis will be used to summarise study findings.Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval is required for the study. The data used in the study will be abstracted from published systematic reviews. Dissemination strategies will include peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and presentations to key stakeholders.PROSPERO registration number CRD42020198182.

ContextThe person-centred approach (PCA) is a promising avenue for care improvement. However, health professionals in Burkina Faso (hereafter referred to as caregivers) seem unprepared for taking into consideration patients' preferences and values in the context of healthcare provision.ObjectiveTo understand the meaning attributed to PCA in the Burkina Faso context of care and to identify the challenges related to its adoption from the perspective of caregivers and women service users (hereafter referred to as patients).MethodsAn ethnographic qualitative research design was used in this study. We conducted 31 semi-directed interviews with caregivers and patients from Koudougou (Burkina Faso) healthcare facilities. We also carried out direct observation of consultations. Data thematic analyses are based on the person-centred approach analysis framework.ResultsAccording to the caregivers and patients interviewed, the PCA in maternal and child healthcare in Burkina Faso includes the following five components used in our analytical framework: i) pregnancy follow-up consultations extend beyond examining physical health issues (biopsychosocial component), ii) healthcare professionals' mood affects the caregiver-patient relationship as well as care delivery (the healthcare professional as a person), iii) patients expect to be well received, listened to, and respected (the patient as a person), iv) healthcare professionals first acknowledge that both themselves and patients have power, rights but also responsibilities (sharing power, rights and responsibilities of professionals and patients), and v) healthcare professionals who are open to involving patients in decision-making about their care and patients asking to have a say in the organization of services (therapeutic alliance). Implementing each of these themes comes with challenges, such as i) talking about health problems in the presence of other women, especially those related to sexuality, even though they are common to parturient women (biopsychosocial component); ii) offering psychotherapy to healthcare professionals (healthcare professional as a person); iii) taking into consideration patients' cultural and linguistic differences (the patient as a person); iv) raising awareness among patients about their right to ask questions and healthcare professionals' duty to answer them (sharing power, and rights and responsibilities of professionals and patients); v) accepting the presence of birth attendants while avoiding traditional practices that are contrary to scientific recommendations (therapeutic alliance).ConclusionDespite some context-specific particularities, the PCA is not new in the context of health care in Burkina Faso. However, its implementation can pose a number of challenges. There is a need to train healthcare professionals with a view to being sensitive to these particularities. This may also require organizational adjustments so as to create the physical and sociocultural environments that are conducive to taking into account the patient's perspective.

This case describes the strategies implemented in the development of an online Master’s degree program in Health Professions Education (HPE) and an online short, Master’s level diploma program. The strategies presented pertain to three of the main challenges identified: program cohesiveness, a multidisciplinary approach, and information technology literacy. The case describes meetings between the senior instructional designer, the program director, and the members of the development committee, which occurred over a period of approximately one year.