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Resumen En el presente articulo de la serie «Seguridad en procedimientos dermatologicos» se aborda el diagnostico, prevencion, manejo y tratamiento de tres situaciones. Primeramente, se aborda la anafilaxia: una situacion infrecuente, grave y potencialmente mortal, que requiere una identificacion agil para un manejo urgente coordinado por parte de medicos especialistas en anestesiologia. En segundo lugar, la reaccion vasovagal, que es la complicacion medica mas frecuente durante la cirugia dermatologica (una de cada 160 intervenciones), con una evolucion habitualmente benigna autorresolutiva, pero que, en individuos muy sensibles, puede provocar una parada cardiaca por asistolia. En tercer y ultimo lugar, el sindrome de hiperventilacion aguda, que es una respuesta anomala de determinados individuos a un evento estresante, con un incremento de la ventilacion que excede la demanda metabolica. En los tres casos se incluyen recomendaciones que se plasman de forma practica y somera.

This article, part of a the series on safety in dermatologic procedures, covers the diagnosis, prevention, management, and treatment of 3 situations or conditions. The first condition we address is anaphylaxis, an uncommon but severe and potentially fatal reaction that must be recognized quickly so that urgent management coordinated with an anesthesiologist can commence. The second is fainting due to a vasovagal reaction, which is the most common complication in dermatologic surgery. This event, which occurs in 1 out of every 160 procedures, usually follows a benign course and resolves on its own. However, in patients susceptible to vasovagal reactions, syncope may lead to asystole and cardiac arrest. The third is acute hyperventilation syndrome, which is an anomalous anxiety-related increase in breathing rate beyond metabolic requirements. Brief practical recommendations for managing all 3 events are included.