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Gelidium spinosum is an edible red seaweed from the family Gelidiaceae with possibility to be developed. The potential medical benefits of G. spinosum have been established, yet adequate empirical research on its toxicity is still lacking. Hence, the present work was aimed to examine the toxicity of G. spinosum methanol extract (GsME) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and to identify the phytoconstituents using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Results of this study showed that GsME induced morphological defects in zebrafish embryos, including reduction in eye size and body length. Moreover, yolk sac size and mortality were increased in zebrafish embryos exposed to GsME in a dose-dependent manner. GsME at high concentrations triggered teratogenic effects in zebrafish embryos such as decrease in heartbeat/minute, lack of pigmentation, lack of somite, structural deformity, pericardial oedema, and yolk oedema. The LC50 and EC50 of GsME were < 100 mg/L, which classified as a harmful category. The teratogenic index of GsME was found to be > 1, indicating its teratogenic attribute. Additionally, GsME exerted behavioral effects i.e. significantly lower total distance of movement and slower swimming speed of zebrafish embryos. GC-MS analysis of GsME was confirmed the presence of amino acid, phenolics, carboxylic acids, reducing sugars, saturated fatty acids and brominated saturated fatty acid in the extract. It suggesting that compounds of 13-bromotetradecanoic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid containing in GsME were contributed to the toxic effects.

Plantae merupakan salah satu materi biologi kelas X SMA/MA yang erat kaitannya dengan tumbuhan-tumbuhan yang ada disekitar lingkungan peserta didik sehingga perlu adanya media pembelajaran berupa booklet yang dapat membantu pemahaman peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil kelayakan booklet materi Plantae kelas X berdasarkan studi etnobotani bumbu dan rempah yang dimanfaatkan pada masakan masyarakat Suku Lembak di Desa Pulau Panggung. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara dan lembar angket. Uji kelayakan booklet dilakukan oleh validator ahli media, ahli materi dan dua ahli praktisi serta uji keterbacaan dilakukan oleh 20 peserta didik kelas X SMAN 01 Bengkulu Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kelayakan booklet dari ahli materi diperoleh 96,5% dengan kategori sangat baik; (2) kelayakan booklet dari ahli media diperoleh 89,5% dengan kategori sangat baik; (3) kelayakan booklet dari ahli praktisi diperoleh rata-rata 96,1% dengan kategori sangat baik, (4) uji keterbacaan oleh peserta didik diperoleh rata-rata 98,75% dengan kategori sangat baik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu booklet yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dan dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif sebagai media pembelajaran biologi khususnya pada materi Plantae kelas X SMA/MA oleh guru dan peserta didik.

Abstract Ocimum aristatum, commonly known as O. stamineus, has been widely studied for its potential as an herbal medicine candidate. This research aims to compare the efficacy of water and 100% ethanolic extracts of O. stamineus as α-glucosidase inhibitors and antioxidants, as well as toxicity against zebrafish embryos. Based on the study findings, water extract of O. stamineus leaves exhibited superior inhibition activity against α-glucosidase, ABTS, and DPPH, with IC50 values of approximately 43.623 ± 0.039 µg/mL, 27.556 ± 0.125 µg/mL, and 95.047 ± 1.587 µg/mL, respectively. The major active compounds identified in the extract include fatty acid groups and their derivates such as linoleic acid, α-eleostearic acid, stearic acid, oleanolic acid, and corchorifatty acid F. Phenolic groups such as caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, norfenefrine, caftaric acid, and 2-hydroxyphenylalanine and flavonoids and their derivates including 5,7-Dihydroxychromone, 5,7-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-4H-chromen-4-one, eupatorin, and others were also identified in the extract. Carboxylic acid groups and triterpenoids such as azelaic acid and asiatic acid were also present. This study found that the water extract of O. stamineus is non-toxic to zebrafish embryos and does not affect the development of zebrafish larvae at concentrations lower than 500 µg/mL. These findings highlight the potential of the water extract of O. stamineus as a valuable herbal medicine candidate, particularly for its potent α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant properties, and affirm its safety in zebrafish embryos at tested concentrations.

ABSTRACTOrthosiphon stamineus Benth (O. stamineus) leaves are herb plant parts that can act as an antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor. Finding the best O. stamineus extract that serves as an antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory agent is an essential requirement. Additionally, a clustering analysis based on FTIR spectra should be performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS). Based on this study, the 40% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus leaves is a potent extract as an antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory agent. Whereas 20% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus leaves is only applied as an α-glucosidase agent. Furthermore, discrimination analysis of O. stamineus leaf extracts showed that FTIR-based analysis can discriminate nicely each water, 60%, 80%, and 100% ethanolic extracts. This study reported that the obtained model has the determination coefficient of R2X: 0.991, R2Y: 0.964, and Q2Y: 0.946, which showed a good model and a good prediction. However, the classification method did not distinguish clearly between 20% and 40% ethanolic extracts. 20% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus leaves is always paired with 40% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus. Furthermore, several functional groups from O. stamineus leaf extracts contribute toward both biological activities including alkane groups, carbonyl groups, methylene groups, ester groups, and alkyl di-substitutions. Based on this study, quality control of potent extract as an antioxidant and as an α-Glucosidase Inhibitor should be conducted using a specific marker-based analysis.

ABSTRACTHerbal utilization, as an antidiabetes agent, is an interesting topic to find acceptable herbal drugs to decrease blood glucose levels. The aim of this review is to evaluate the potency of selected herbal medicines to reduce blood glucose levels and to identify the chemical compounds responsible for reducing glucose. The mechanisms of action of different herbal medicines used might be also different. The reduction of blood glucose levels by Aloe vera, Andrographis paniculata, and Trigonella foenum-graecum through minimum 3 mechanisms of action, such as increased GLP-1 secretion and inhibited amylase, glucosidase, and SGLT 2. While Andrographis paniculata has more than 4 mechanisms of action, such as increasing GLP secretion, activating PPAR ɣ-receptor, and also inhibiting amylase, glucosidase, and SGLT 2 but it did not inhibit DPP 4 in diabetic patients.

ABSTRACTCosmos caudatus (Asteraceae), is known as Ulam raja in Malaysia or kenikir in Indonesia also sometimes referred to as “King’s salad.” It is usually consumed as a salad and the leaves have been widely used as a traditional medicine due to their pharmacological activities and beneficial effects on human health. The leaves have been reported to contain several phytoconstituents such as flavonoids and their derivatives, other phenolics, and essential oil, while the roots only contain non-flavonoids. Furthermore, the leaves have been reported to contain a high total phenolic content (TPC) which is attributable for various activities including antidiabetes, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-osteoporosis, anti-hyperlipidemic, anticancer, antihypertensive, anti-hepatoprotective, and to manage fertility problems. However, further research needs to be done in order to determine whether C. caudatus is effective in treating thrombolytic and leishmanial disorder. Clinical study regarding the use of C. caudatus as an antidiabetic agent has been reported as a supplement to improve insulin resistance and sensitivity in type 2 diabetes patients [NCT02322268]. The findings of the toxicity tests revealed that the leaves are nontoxic and that they can be taken without risk. It is still need to conduct an additional in vitro and in vivo investigations to confirm various traditional claims about the therapeutic potential of this plant in the treatment of various ailments. This traditional medicinal plant’s genuine medicinal benefit will be further confirmed by additional clinical trials and toxicity assessments.

The main ingredients of soft candies are gelatin made from the skin/bones of cows and pigs, i.e. bovine and porcine gelatin. This research aims to analyze the present bovine and porcine gelatin in soft candy using a fast and low-cost method. The method used is a combination of FTIR and chemometrics. The reference candy samples were made with formulation porcine gelatin concentrations of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 100%. As a control, we used a bovine gelatin reference candy. All the candy samples were measured with FTIR in the reflection mode in the wavenumber range from 4000 to 500 cm-1. Data analysis was carried out using the chemometric method with the Minitab 18 application. PLS calibration results in y = 0, 99999x + 0.000396 indicate a good correlation. The value of R2 = 0.99999 and the RMSEC of 0.03%. Internal validation with R2 = 0.9999 and RMSECV = 3.69% and external validation with R2 = 0.9994 with RMSEP = 1.28%. The PCA results show different quadrant classifications of bovine and porcine gelatin. Also, there are similarities between the market candy quadrant, bovine gelatin, and porcine gelatin. The fast method and low cost involved simple sample preparation, which were developed to detect and classify the presence of bovine and porcine gelatin in soft candy using FTIR and chemometrics.

Penggunaan teknologi dalam Pendidikan menjadi sebuah kebutuhan yang tak terhindarkan pada era digital ini. Artikel ini membahas pelaksanaan pelatihan bagi dosen FKIP Universitas Cenderawasih (UNCEN) dalam penerapan Learning Management System (LMS). Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan dosen dalam memanfaatkan LMS sebagai sarana untuk mengelola materi pembelajaran, menyajikan materi secara interaktif, serta memfasilitasi komunikasi antara dosen dan mahasiswa. Metode pelatihan mencakup sesi pelatihan praktis, studi kasus, dan diskusi kelompok. Evaluasi hasil pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman dan keterampilan dosen terkait pemanfaatan LMS. Para peserta pelatihan menunjukkan kemajuan dalam mengelola kursus, memanfaatkan fitur interaktif LMS, dan meningkatkan komunikasi dengan mahasiswa. Pelatihan ini tidak hanya berhasil dalam mencapai tujuannya untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dosen terkait LMS, tetapi juga memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap kualitas pengajaran dan interaksi antara dosen dan mahasiswa. Kesimpulannya, integrasi LMS melalui pelatihan ini dapat dianggap sebagai Langkah strategis dalam memenuhi tuntutan Pendidikan di era digital.

Video-based action quality assessment (AQA) is a non-trivial task due to the subtle visual differences between data produced by experts and non-experts. Current methods are extended from the action recognition domain where most are based on temporal pattern matching. AQA has additional requirements where order and tempo matter for rating the quality of an action. We present a novel dataset of ranked TikTok dance videos, and a pairwise AQA method for predicting which video of a same-label pair was sourced from the better dancer. Exhaustive pairings of same-label videos were randomly assigned to 100 human annotators, ultimately producing a ranked list per label category. Our method relies on a successful detection of the subject’s 2D pose inside successive query frames where the order and tempo of actions are encoded inside a produced String sequence. The detected 2D pose returns a top-matching Visual word from a Codebook to represent the current frame. Given a same-label pair, we generate a String value of concatenated Visual words for each video. By computing the edit distance score between each String value and the Gold Standard’s (i.e., the top-ranked video(s) for that label category), we declare the video with the lower score as the winner. The pairwise AQA method is implemented using two schemes, i.e., with and without text compression. Although the average precision for both schemes over 12 label categories is low, at 0.45 with text compression and 0.48 without, precision values for several label categories are comparable to past methods’ (median: 0.47, max: 0.66).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jenis serbuk kayu pada proses budidaya jamur kuping dan mendeskripsikan hasil uji kelayakan Booklet yang dirancang berdasarkan proses budidaya jamur kuping dan pengaruh variasi serbuk kayu sebagai media tanam yang digunakan di Rumah Jamur SMK Agribisnis Dangau Datuk Bengkulu. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) model Borg and Gall 1989 (dalam Sugiyono 2016) yang terdiri dari 10 tahap, akan tetapi pada penelitian ini hingga 5 tahapan yaitu 1) Potensi dan masalah, 2) Pengumpulan data, 3) Desain produk, 4) Validasi desain, dan 5) revisi desain. Variasi serbuk kayu yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah serbuk gergaji kayu Durian 100% (P1), serbuk gergaji Kayu Bawang 100% (P2), serbuk gergaji kayu Sengon 100% (P3), dan serbuk gergaji kayu Durian 50% ditambah serbuk gergaji Kayu Bawang 20% dan serbuk gergaji kayu Sengon 30%. (P4). Hasil yang diperoleh diketahui bahwa serbuk kayu yang paling baik digunakan untuk budidaya jamur kuping yaitu serbuk kayu sengon dengan pertumbuhan miselium memenuhi baglog selama 41 hari dan munculnya primordia rata-rata selama 42 hari. Booklet budidaya jamur kuping yang telah disusun pada penelitian ini dinyatakan sangat layak oleh validator dengan rerata presentase validasi sebesar 89,17%. Kata Kunci: Booklet, Jamur Kuping, Serbuk Kayu

Background: Numerous studies have been carried out on the impacts of brand equity and service quality of higher education institutions (HEIs) on their reputation and students’ satisfaction. This research aimed to compare the impact of brand equity and service quality on universities’ reputations, namely Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) in Indonesia and International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in Malaysia, and Indonesian students’ intention to choose the universities, which is moderated by study expense (price). UIN and IIUM are HEIs with a similar university concept, and Indonesian students have recently shown a high interest in them. The two universities have faculties not only in the field of Islamic studies but in general fields of studies as well, which are usually held by non-Islamic Universities. Therefore, their competitiveness against non-Islamic universities, especially the University of Indonesia (UI) has increased. Methods: The statistical measurement tool used was structural equation modeling (SEM). The number of items stated in the questionnaire was 45. Therefore, minimum data to be collected were 5 × 45 or 225 which rounded up to 228 from Indonesian students at UIN and IIUM (114 UIN students, and 114 Indonesian student respondents from IIUM). Results: The study results show that the universities’ reputations are strongly affected by their brand equity and service quality, which then affect students’ intention to choose the universities. Students had a higher intention to choose IIUM than UIN. The limitation of this research is that the effect of study expense on the intention of Indonesian students to study at UIN or IIUM has not yet been conducted. It will be conducted in the next study. Conclusions: These results are expected to be useful to UIN, IIUM, and especially Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ) in determining a strategy to enhance their reputations and the intention of Indonesian students to study there.

The Indonesian government tried to made many policies in covid – 19 pandemic. For example, Social distancing in big Scale (PSBB), Work From Home (WFH) and other policy in all of aspect included of education. So that learning activity did by internet online in many platforms. This research aimed to knew how to student’s perception and effectiveness in online learning at Biology Subject in Senior High schools at Ipuh, Muko - Muko. The types of research was Qualitative descriptive that described student’s perception in used whatsApp at Biology Learning by online. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire. This data was description about student’s perception toward used WhatsApp in Biology learning as learning media in covid – 19 pandemic. Its data was took from observation, Questionnaire and interview. Data was taken by Google form application and shared in Whatsapp group. Its Data was analyzed by descriptive. The conclusion of this research was student’s perception in biology learning by using WhatsApp as media during the Covid 19 pandemic showed negative respons.

Indonesian Halal Product Assurance Law No. 33 of 2014 states all products circulating in Indonesia must be halal-certified, including pharmaceuticals. Banana peel waste has the potential to produce pectin compounds as pharmaceutical excipients. This study is aimed at determining the characteristics of banana peel pectin as a potential halal pharmaceutical excipient. It has involved qualitative tests and established characteristics of extract pectin by organoleptic test, acidity (pH) test, solubility, equivalent weight, methoxyl concentration, galacturonic acid concentration, esterification degree, moisture content, and ash content. The yield of pectin produced was 17.19%. The qualitative test showed positive pectin, the characteristics of a white powder that is slightly ash, odorless, has a pH of 6.02, is soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol 96%, has an equivalent weight of 5,000 mg, methoxyl concentration of 2.6%, galacturonic acid concentration of 73.92%, esterification degree of 20.19%, moisture content of 7.139% and ash content of 1.6%. Based on the characterization results, banana peel pectin is, by pectin quality standards, a pharmaceutical excipient, especially as a raw material for manufacturing capsule shells, thickeners, and coating and gelling agents.

The purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of the GEBRAK PAKUMIS Program policy in Tangerang Regency. The theory used in this study is the Merillee S. Grindle theory which states that the implementation of a policy is determined by the degree of implementation ability of the policy. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques: documents, observations, and interviews with program implementers and beneficiary communities. The results showed that the implementation of the Gebrak Pakumis program policy in Tangerang Regency showed that the community was more active in planning, and they could find out how to build a slum area. From the Content of Policy, there are problems in terms of resources, namely the lack of sufficient builder who has certification and the budget issued is still not sufficient. In terms of the Context of Policy or the policy environment, there are no significant problems and all have supported the implementation of the Gebrak Pakumis program policy.

Uncontrolled bleeding is linked to higher treatment costs, risk of post-surgical infection and increased disease and death. Hemostatic agents are used to treat excessive bleeding. A good hemostatic agent controls bleeding effectively, reduces the need for blood transfusion, removes the need for systemic drugs to control bleeding, results in shorter surgery time, and reduces the cost and length of hospital stay of the patient. Gelatin-based hemostatic agents have been widely used in medical and dental procedures, owing to their biodegradability and biocompatibility, as well as availability and low cost of raw materials. In this narrative literature review, we discuss the background and different types of gelatin-based hemostatic agents in medical and dental procedures, the comparison of gelatin-based and non-gelatin-based hemostatic agents, and the usage and development of enhanced or novel gelatin-based hemostatic agents. Gelatin-based hemostatic agents are effective and important part of bleeding control, as evidenced by its wide application in medicine and dentistry. The development of novel combination gelatin-based hemostatic agents has much potential for effective control of excessive bleeding.

Abstrak. Proses pembelajaran di Indonesia saat ini kurang mendorong siswa dalam mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Metode yang diterapkan umumnya bertujuan untuk mampu menjawab soal-soal yang diujiankan sehingga sedikit sekali siswa yang berani mengemukakan gagasan dan ide-ide orisinil. ISLE-based STEM merupakan salah satu model pendekatan yang mendukung pembelajaran secara kontruktivisme. Model ini mendorong siswa untuk terlibat langsung dalam proses pembelajaran dengan melakukan berbagai aktivitas fisik, sehingga membantu mereka dalam merepresentasikan penalaran kualitatif dan mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis kerja dan aktivitas berdasarkan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan kepada siswa kelas VIII MTS dan kelas XI MAS Dayah Daruzzahidin. Peneliti menemukan bahwa awalnya siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami fenomena fisika yakni gelombang. Hasil penilaian tindakan kelas menunjukkan siswa memperoleh skor yang rendah pada kemampuan ilmiah. Peneliti mengamati siswa sering mengeluh bahwa tugas-tugas yang diberikan sulit sehingga guru perlu memotivasi siswa dengan memberikan ide-ide yang dapat memancing kemampuan berpikir siswa. Seiring berjalannya waktu, para siswa mulai terbiasa dan menjadi lebih antusias dengan kegiatan tersebut. Melalui tahapan-tahapan tugas yang harus diselesaikan pada modul, siswa berhasil mengonstruk pengetahuan tentang gelombang dan karakteristiknya dan dapat menganalisis hubungan cepat rambat gelombang tali (v), tegangan tali (F) dan massa jenis tali (µ) berdasarkan eksperimen yang dilakukan. Abstract. The learning process in Indonesia currently does not encourage students to develop critical thinking skills. The method used generally aims to be able to answer the questions being tested so that very few students dare to express original ideas. ISLE-based STEM is an approach model that supports constructivist learning. This model encourages students to be directly involved in the learning process by carrying out various physical activities, thereby helping them to represent qualitative reasoning and develop problem-solving skills. The method used in this research is a descriptive analysis of work and activities based on classroom action research conducted on students of class VIII MTS and class XI MAS Dayah Daruzzahidin. We found that students had difficulty understanding the physics of waves at first. The results of the class action assessment showed that students obtained low scores on scientific abilities. We observe that students often complain that the assignments given are difficult, so teachers need to motivate students by providing ideas that can stimulate students' thinking skills. Over time, the students began to get used to and became more enthusiastic about these activities. Through the stages of the tasks that must be completed in the module, students are successful in constructing knowledge about waves and their characteristics and can analyze the relationship between the speed of wave propagation of the rope (v), the tension in the rope (F) and the density of the rope (µ) based on the experiments carried out.

Along with the development of 21st century technology, we are required to face the industrial revolution 4.0 in which the implementation of learning is expected to be more innovative, critical and creative. With progress in this level of education, superior and good quality human resources can be created in terms of religion, attitudes, and knowledge. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) learning model by using Google Classroom (GC) on students' critical thinking skills at the Biology Education Study Program in the Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu. This study was pre-experimental research using a one-group pretest & post-test design. The population was fourth-semester students of the Biology Education Study Program at the Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu especially for the Plant Physiology Course. This study only used one class with a similar sample which consisted of 29 students in the pretest and post-test groups. The data collection used the test to measure students' critical thinking skills involved use essay test. Data were analyzed using the t-test paired samples test (in pairs). Based on the result there was a significant influence from the application of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) learning model by using Google Classroom (GC) on students’ critical thinking skills at the Biology Education Study Program in the Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of using a problem-based Student Worksheet (SWS) on improving problem-solving skills (PSS) in terms of student Learning Outcomes (LO). The research used a quantitative approach, quasi-experimental method, and the One Group Pretest-Posttest design research. The research sample also involved 31 high school students for the experimental class and 31 for the control class. The research has three variables: problem-based SWS, problem-solving skills (PSS), and Student Learning Outcomes (LO). The problem-solving skill instrument uses five essay questions, and the LO uses 20 multiple choice questions, both of which were developed by the researcher. Data analysis used the N-Gain formula to obtain information on the increase in PSS and LO. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the effect of implementing SWS was very significant on students’ PSS and LO. In addition, the application of SWS also affects students’ LO, and some students with high or low LO scores also have high PSS scores or vice versa. Inference from this study, it is hoped that teachers as educators will try to direct students to get used to solving physics problems using a five-stage problem-solving model.

Background: Numerous studies have been carried out on the impacts of brand equity and service quality of higher education institutions (HEIs) on their reputation and students’ satisfaction. This research aimed to compare the impact of brand equity and service quality on universities’ reputations, namely Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) in Indonesia and International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in Malaysia, and Indonesian students’ intention to choose the universities, which is moderated by study expense (price). UIN and IIUM are HEIs with a similar university concept, and Indonesian students have recently shown a high interest in them. The two universities have faculties not only in the field of Islamic studies but in general fields of studies as well, which are usually held by non-Islamic Universities. Therefore, their competitiveness against non-Islamic universities, especially the University of Indonesia (UI) has increased. Methods: The statistical measurement tool used was structural equation modeling (SEM). The number of items stated in the questionnaire was 45. Therefore, minimum data to be collected were 5 × 45 or 225 which rounded up to 228 from Indonesian students at UIN and IIUM (114 UIN students, and 114 Indonesian student respondents from IIUM). Results: The study results show that the universities’ reputations are strongly affected by their brand equity and service quality, which then affect students’ intention to choose the universities. Students had a higher intention to choose IIUM than UIN. The limitation of this research is that the effect of study expense on the intention of Indonesian students to study at UIN or IIUM has not yet been conducted. It will be conducted in the next study. Conclusions: These results are expected to be useful to UIN, IIUM, and especially Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ) in determining a strategy to enhance their reputations and the intention of Indonesian students to study there.

A drug formulary free of haram substances is one of the standards in medicine service. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of the halal medicine selection process in Nur Hidayah Hospital Yogyakarta. It is qualitative research using a case study method. Data were collected using interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. The study reveals four themes in the selection process for halal medicine implementation at Nur Hidayah Hospital. The themes are sharia-based medicine screening, halal label limitations, haram medicine use based on doctor-patient agreement using sharia informed consent, and halal statements from drug manufacturers. The research concluded that sharia principles had been implemented in the medicine selection process at Nur Hidayah Hospital, but the number of halal-labeled medications remains limited. The use of non-halal substances in medicine through a doctor-patient agreement based on sharia informed consent. Halal statements from pharmaceutical companies support implementing the halal lifestyle in hospitals.

Status barang bukti ikan hasil tindak pidana Ilegal Fishing tiga tahun terakhir Pada Pengadilan Negeri Tanjungpinang dimusnahkan di tahap penyidikan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui hambatan dan penyelesaian yuridis ikan hasil tindak pidana Ilegal Fishing dalam tinjauan asas manfaat. Metode penelitian yang akan dilakukan adalah penelitian yuridis empiris.Penyelesaian yuridis ikan hasil tindak pidana Ilegal Fishing dalam tinjauan asas manfaat pada Pengadilan Perikanan Tanjungpinang sejatinya dapat dilaksanakan melalui pelelangan dan hibah. Hambatan dalam pemanfaatan ikan hasil tindak pidana Ilegal Fishing pada Pengadilan Perikanan Tanjungpinang yaitu ikan yang ditangkap tersebut kebanyakan busuk sebelum kasus hukumnya selesai atau penetapan pengadilan dikeluarkan, Permasalahan selanjutnya ialah apabila ikan tersebut dilelang, kebanyakan ikan itu tidak laku, Hambatan lainnya PSDKP Batam tidak memiliki tempat penyimpanan freezer beku untuk ikan-ikan tersebut, Cara lain untuk menyimpan ikan-ikan hasil tangkapan tersebut ialah menyewa tempat ke pihak swasta, namun harga terkait penyewaan itu akan bernilai tinggi dan nantinya akan merugikan Negara.

Beef price is relatively expensive, which makes this commodity vulnerable to be counterfeited. The development of rapid, cheap and robust analytical methods for meats authentication has therefore become increasingly important. In this study, colorimetric and digital image analysis methods were used to characterize and classify four types of meat (beef, buffalo, pork, and wild boar) and two muscle types from each sample (Semitendinosus and Vastus lateralis). Multivariate data analysis (PCA and OPLS-DA) was used to observe classification pattern among species using different color parameters data obtained from meat chromameter and digital image measurement. The results showed that PCA and OPLS-DA successfully classified meat from different species and different muscle type based on color, both in chromameter and in image analysis. It was shown that pork had the highest lightness level, and was the most different among the four types of meat tested. Beef was predominated by yellowish color, while buffalo meat had the highest reddish color level. Semitendinosus and Vastus lateralis muscles had different color intensity where Vastus lateralis exhibited darker color intensity. This study showed that meat color analysis using chromameter and imaging techniques can be used as cheap and quick tools to discriminate meats form different species and different muscles type.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan rancangan perangkat pembelajaran model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing pada materi pencemaran lingkungan untuk meningkatkan literasi sains peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Kelas X (Sepuluh)’’. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi: 1) Menelaah Kurikulum, 2) Menelaah Kompetensi Dasar, 3) Telaah Materi Pembelajaran, 4) Merumuskan Indikator dan Tujuan Pembelajaran, 5) Menentukan Model dan Metode Pembelajaran, 6) Menentukan Media Pembelajaran, 7) Penyusunan Perangkat Pembelajaran. Data dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif kualitatif. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dirancang menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dan berpedoman pada Kompetensi Dasar domain pengetahuan (KD 3.10) pada materi pencemaran lingkungan serta digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literai sains peserta didik kelas X (sepuluh). Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga produk perangkat pembelajaran, yaitu Rencana pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Diskusi Peserta Didik (LDPD) dan Soal Evaluasi (Pretest dan Posttest) berbasis Literasi Sains

Studies on the differences in the use of language by men and women are indeed very limited when viewed from a purely biological tendency. In fact, many studies have found that men's language is different from women's language socio-politically and culturally. This difference is constructed by the social order that is closely related to the problem of domination of power in the relationship between men and women. The study of gender differences in language under descriptive perspective aims to reveal the facts of social life in term of differences in roles and relations between women and men in the use of language. In addition, this research also discusses the perspective of moral values education, especially those from the Qur'an regarding the differences between women and men in terms of language use.

The rapid development of technology has increased the demand for information technology-based learning media, which is becoming increasingly necessary. E-Learning, also known as information technology-based learning media, is changing how education is delivered from a traditional to a digital format. At this time, the world is being affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which is causing restrictions on activities and gatherings and causing difficulties in lectures. Electronic learning, the most widely used learning medium by all groups, is seen as a solution to keep the learning going in higher education, from primary to post-secondary levels of education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of E-Learning as a learning medium in the Indonesian language education department of universities following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis to implement Indonesian language education learning by taking samples from lecturers who teach Indonesian courses at the Manado State Islamic Institute and Manado State Christian Institute. According to the study's findings, using information technology as a medium of learning in Indonesian language education courses through e-learning is beneficial, particularly in light of the country's ban on face-to-face instruction. Then, the university should continue to develop e-learning to improve the ease and quality of the teaching and learning process, increase student learning effectiveness, and broaden its reach.

This work aimed to analyze the physicochemical properties of cellulose from OPT used in the fabrication of CMF and evaluate the efficacy of the hydrogel CMF as an encapsulant for L. fermentum InaCC B1295 stored at room temperature and in the refrigerator. The Kjeldahl method was used to evaluate the protein content; the gravimetric method was used to determine OPT's ash, moisture, and fiber contents; the Soxhlet method was used to determine the fat content carbohydrates were computed using the difference method. The levels of holocellulose, lignin, and cellulose were also determined. Viability, acid and bile resistance of strain B1295 were evaluated at various temperatures for 35 days. The most abundant component of OPT fiber was cellulose, followed by hemicellulose and lignin. XRD examination revealed that OPT cellulose has a crystal index of 83.40%. FTIR analysis was used to detect the stretching vibrations of the –OH group on cellulose at 3419.03 cm-1. CMF hydrogel from OPT sustained L. fermentum InaCC B1295 survival for up to 28 days at room and refrigerated temperatures. At acidic conditions and in the presence of bile, the viability of L. fermentum InaCC B1295 was excellent, with a drop in cell population of less than 0.2 log CFU/g over 35 days at room and refrigerated temperatures. CMF obtained from OPT can be used as an encapsulant to maintain viability, acid resistance and bile of probiotics. There is still a need for research into the usage of CMF from OPT in combination with other encapsulants to extend the storage life of L. fermentum InaCC B1295. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-08 Full Text: PDF

Cyberbullying in cyberspace involves a variety of behavioral risks, including bullying and provoking hostility on the internet. This study aims to determine the involvement of children at a young age on social media as victims of cyberbullying cases, as well as the role of the government in efforts to reduce cases of victims of abuse on social media so that it will decrease. The method used in this study uses qualitative research in the form of literature review with systematic mapping study techniques using secondary data such as reports and documents related to research. The results of this study indicate that the factors of social support are very influential for children because the origin of sexual violence or sexual harassment on social media is from the closest people doing social activities with children and how the family practices good parenting, monitoring how children get along with people. another, household harmony is very influential on children.

This study explores the factors of e-commerce adoption among Sarawakians. One of the factors is the level of cybersecurity awareness. We aim to assess the readiness for e-commerce among Sarawakians due to the lack of study conducted on the subject. A research model based on the perceived risk (PR), perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived quality of products (PQ), and the intention (I) of adoption of e-commerce services in Sarawak is proposed. The validity of the proposed model is then tested using various validity tests such as item reliability, construct validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity via the SmartPLS software. Once the validity of the model has been determined, a structural equation model is used to study the strength of the model before the test of the hypothesis can be done. The effect size, f2, is calculated by using SmartPLS. The index value of each variable is also plotted in the importance-performance matrix analysis (IPMA). Based on the survey data from 128 end users in Sarawak, the study finds that PU is the most crucial factor in adopting e-commerce services, followed by PQ. Surprisingly, PR does not play any role in the intention of Sarawakians to adopt e-commerce services. The results suggest several important key points as follows: (i) the Sarawak Government and its e-commerce partners should focus on educating the people of Sarawak on the importance of cybersecurity to prevent cyber-related crimes from occurring and causing massive damage in Sarawak's attempt to digitise its economy; (ii)Sarawakians prefer functional e-commerce services; (iii) the quality of e-commerce products should also be maintained; and (iv) the developers should focus on the usefulness of their products to ensure that their service can be adopted by the people of Sarawak.

Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) Mendeskripsikan perbandingan morfometri antara spesies jantan dan betina kelima jenis kura-kura Sumatera yang ada di kawasan Turtle Learning Center (TLC) Universitas Bengkulu, 2) Mendeskripsikan perbandingan laju konsumsi antara kura-kura betina dengan kura-kura jantan saat diberikan pakan daun keladi/pisang jantan dengan yang diberikan pakan buah pepaya antarspesiesnya., 3) Mendeskripsikan kelayakan Buku Saku berdasarkan Kura-Kura Sumatera di Universitas Bengkulu melalui hasil uji validitas dan uji keterbacaan oleh peserta didik. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan hasil uji validasi dan uji keterbacaan buku saku. Perbandingan morfometri yang didapatkan yaitu kura-kura jantan lebih besar dibandingkan kura-kura betina pada kelima spesiesnya dengan perbandingan 2 : 1. Perbandingan laju konsumsi yang didapatkan membuktikan bahwa pakan buah pepaya lebih disukai oleh kelima jenis kura-kura Sumatera yang berada di kawasan TLC dengan perbandingan 4:1. Hasil validasi dinyatakan layak dengan nilai 82,64 % dengan kategori sangat valid dan desain buku saku juga dikategorikan sangat baik dengan nilai 86,8% dengan uji keterbacaan oleh 24 peserta didik di SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Kota Bengkulu Keywords: Buku Saku, Kura-Kura Sumatera, R&D

As a Malaysian halal food standard, MS1500 was established to strengthen the Malaysian role in the global halal market. This study aims to identify the factors affecting the implementation of MS1500, its positive impact, and the relationship between its implementation and impact. The food and beverages industry in Malaysia, which already has a halal certificate and halal logo, was chosen as the study population. The covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) method was employed, with 212 sample companies. The results show that Perception-On-Implementation, Halal-Control-System-Activity and Owner-Management-Employee-Limitation were the factors affecting the implementation of MS1500. Four positive impacts of its implementation were also found: Trade & Free Movement, Innovation, Clean & Save Production-Process and Consumer & Corporate Image. In addition, it was discovered that the better the implementation of MS 1500, the greater the positive impact that could be achieved by the industry. It was also found that in Malaysia, finance and regulations were not the factors causing limitations in the implementation of the halal food standard. The findings of the study can be used as an input for Malaysian government in planning suitable programmes to promote the implementation of the standard. Moreover, the extent of the positive impacts of the implementation on the industry is expected to encourage all food sectors in Malaysia to apply and fully implement MS1500 in their daily operations.

The misconception in mastering physics concepts occurs in basic physics and is also found in advanced physics, such as Modern Physics or Quantum Physics. Efforts to remediate misconceptions have been done manually or offline but are often constrained at too long an interval between identification activities and remediation actions. Through the advancement of online learning systems, E-learning media, these obstacles can easily be overcome. This article will discuss one way of remediation using Moodle-based E-Learning modules. A total of 2 classes (45 students) were randomly selected for the experimental group and two classes (64 students) for the control group. The experimental group used a representative module based on E-Learning as a remediation treatment, while the control group used a conventional module. The results of the validation of the material and the design of the E-Learning modules were obtained as very feasible to use. Data collection uses a two-tier Modern Physic Diagnostic Test or MPDT (Modern Physic Diagnostic Test) of 30 items combined with the CRI (Certainty of Response Index) index. It is carried out twice, namely before and after treatment. The N-Gain normality analysis results showed the percentage of misconception reduction was more significant in the experimental group than in the control group. Important note obtained by implementing E-Learning is more appropriate to be used simultaneously between conventional face-to-face and E-Learning.

The social laboratory functions for the expansion and strengthening of social science knowledge in universities. This study aims to determine the role and function of social laboratories in strengthening religious values in Tanah Datar District. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This research found that social laboratory activities started in preparation, programming, implementation, and evaluation. Laboratory activities include religious social literacy, religious social activities, and religious social documentation. The implication of the activity can be seen from the role of the social laboratory in helping the community to develop religious activities. A social laboratory is a place for applying science, especially in the field of community empowerment. The presence of social laboratories is the contribution of universities in the field of developing religious activities.

Abstrak. STEM Research Center telah mengembangkan beberapa modul dengan pendekatan model STEM berbasis Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) dan telah berhasil mengimplementasikan pada sekolah umum di Aceh. Modul yang telah dikembangkan selanjutnya akan diterapkan kepada siswa penyandang disabilitas tunarungu di SMALB YPAC Kota Banda Aceh. Penerapan model pembelajaran menggunakan STEM berbasis ISLE yakni didasarkan pada kegiatan observasi dan diskusi berkaitan dengan empat bidang disiplin ilmu yakni sains, teknologi, enjinering dan matematika. Modul pembelajaran yang dikembangkan terdapat dua kegiatan belajar, yaitu kegiatan belajar yang berkaitan dengan eksperimen pengamatan dan kegiatan belajar yang berkaitan kegiatan eksperimen sederhana dengan menguji kebenaran hasil prediksi. Rangkaian listrik dinamis yang diberikan adalah rangkaian sederhana yang dipasangkan secara seri dan paralel. Untuk alat peraga listrik dinamis yang digunakan, pengamatan tidak mengalami permasalahan. Siswa dapat mengikuti lembar kerja modul ISLE dengan baik. Proses diskusi dalam kelompok masih dapat dilakukan, namun terdapat masalah dalam hal mengkomunikasikan ide-ide antar kelompok. Abstract. STEM Research Center has developed several modules with the ISLE-based STEM model approach and has successfully implemented them in regular schools in Aceh. The module that has been developed will then be applied to students with hearing disabilities at YPAC High School Banda Aceh City. The application of the learning model uses the ISLE-based STEM which is based on observation and discussion activities related to four fields, namely science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The learning module developed has two learning activities, namely learning activities related to experimental observations and learning activities related to simple experimental activities by testing the correctness of the predicted results. A given dynamic electric circuit is a simple circuit that is paired in series and parallel. For dynamic electric props used, the observation does not experience any problems. Students can follow the ISLE module worksheets well. The discussion process in groups is still possible, but there are problems in communicating ideas between groups. Keywords: ISLE based STEM module, Deaf, Dynamic electricity

Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Pemanfaatan Tetap Ruang Laut Tanpa Izin oleh Direktorat Polairud Polda Sumbar adalah dengan melakukan penyidikan terhadap tindak pidana yang diduga melanggar ketentuan Pasal 49 dan Pasal 75 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 Tahun Tahun 2014 tentang Kelautan, yaitu pemanfaatan ruang laut secara tetap tanpa izin. Peraturan di Sumatera Barat ini didukung oleh Peraturan Gubernur Sumatera Barat Nomor 51 Tahun 2018 tentang Tata Cara Pemberian Izin Lokasi dan Izin Pengelolaan Perairan Pesisir. Objek di sini adalah Pulau Sirandah yang terletak di kota Padang. Pengelolaan Pulau Sirandah tanpa izin resmi dari pemerintah setempat merupakan kejahatan maritim. Kendala Yang Dihadapi Dalam Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Pemanfaatan Ruang Laut Tanpa Izin oleh Ditpolairud Polda Sumbar adalah permasalahan objek penegakan hukum yang sulit ditembus hukum. Koordinasi yang lemah antar penegak hukum dapat menyebabkan tumpang tindih kewenangan dan kebijakan masing-masing. Penegakan hukum yang tidak terkoordinasi merupakan salah satu kendala dalam penuntutan tindak pidana pemanfaatan ruang laut secara permanen tanpa izin.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKPD bagi siswa SMA yang valid berdasarkan keragaman capung di kawasan Danau Dendam Tak Sudah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Reseach and Devolopment yang mengacu pada langkah-langkah penelitian dan pengembangan menurut Sugiyono. Langkah penelitian disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan peneliti, yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, dan revisi desain. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data keragaman jenis capung dianalisis secara deskriptif. Uji validasi LKPD meliputi aspek materi, kebahasaan, penyajian dan kegrafisan. Hasil uji validasi LKPD oleh ahli materi 83,4%, ahli media 90,6% dan ahli praktisi (guru biologi) 92,6%. Secara keseluruhan rata-rata persentase dari ketiga validator sebesar 88,8% dengan kriteria “sangat valid”. Disimpulkan bahwa desain LKPD yang dikembangkan berdasarkan keragaman capung di kawasan Danau Dendam Tak Sudah Kota Bengkulu ini sudah sahih untuk digunakan sebagai sumber belajar. Keywords: Capung (Odonata), Danau Dendam Tak Sudah, LKPD

Background: Spirulina platensis contains several bioactive molecules such as phenol, flavonoid and phycocyanin pigments. This study unveils total phenol, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, phycocyanin content and evaluated encapsulation efficiency from Ocimum basilicum intervention on S. platensis. O. basilicum intervention aims to reduce unpleasant odors from S. platensis that will increase consumption and increase bioactive compounds. Methods: The intervention was carried out by soaking a S. platensis control sample (SP) in O. basilicum with a ratio of 1:4 (w/v) and it was then dried (DSB) and microencapsulated by freeze drying methods (MSB) using a combination of maltodextrin and gelatin. Total flavonoid and phenolic analysis with curve fitting analysis used a linear regression approach. Antioxidant activity of samples was analysed with the 2,2’-azino-bis-3-3thylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) method. Data were analysed using ANOVA at significance level (p < 0.05) followed by Tukey test models using SPSS v.22. Results: The result of this study indicated that O. basilicum intervention treatment (DSB) has the potential to increase bioactive compounds such as total phenol, antioxidant activity and phycocyanin, and flavonoid content. Intervention of O. basilicum on S. platensis (DSB) significantly increases total phenol by 49.5% and phycocyanin by 40.7%. This is due to the phenol and azulene compounds in O. basilicum which have a synergistic effect on phenol and phycocyanin in S. platensis. Microencapsulation using a maltodexrin and gelatin coating is effective in phycocyanin protection and antioxidant activity with an encapsulation efficiency value of 71.58% and 80.5%. Conclusion: The intervention of O. basilicum on S. platensis improved the total phenol and phycocyanin content and there is potential for a pharmaceutical product for a functional food and pharmaceutical product.

Summary: Managing a bleeding patient can be a challenge during dental surgery. Profuse hemorrhage due to platelet defects, coagulation disorders, vascular anomalies, medication-induced patients, as well as inherited bleeding ailments result in soft tissue hematoma, septic shock, compromised airway, and in some severe cases, death could occur. A vast array of surgical hemostatic agents are available to stop bleeding, including chitosan-based hemostatic agents. Chitosan has an advantage over other topical hemostatic materials for its ability to promote shorter bleeding times and assist in healing. Massive behind-the-scene research and development efforts are ongoing to increase the performance of chitosan as a hemostatic agent. Numerous studies on chitosan use in dental hemostasis have registered it as being safe, biodegradable, biocompatible, promoting healing, antimicrobial and bioactive. This article reviews the application of chitosan in managing hemostasis in dental patients.

Perkara Putusan Nomor 430/Pid.B/2016/PN Tpg tentang kecelakaan angkutan laut pelayaran rakyat di perairan kota tanjungpinang, berdasarkan kasus tersebut Penuntut umum mendakwa terdakwa dengan dakwaan berjenis Subsidair dengan pasal 359 Jo Pasal 361 KUHP. penerapan asas hukum lex specialis derogat legi generali dan perintah Pasal 63 ayat (2) KUHP tidak dilaksanakan oleh penegak hukum tersebut. Adapun tujuan dan manfaat dari karya tulis ini secara praktis adalah sebagai salah satu bahan pembelajaran bagi praktisi hukum, terutama jaksa penuntut umum untuk mendalami penggunaan lex specialis derogat legi generalis dalam bidang tindak pidana pelayaran. Tipe penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum yang bersifat normatif dengan menggunakan Pendekatan kasus (case approach) Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan penerapan hukum pidana dalam putusan No. 430/pid.B/2016/Pengadilan Negeri Kota Tanjungpinang tidak tepat. Kasus kecelakaan angkutan laut pelayaran rakyat di perairan Kota Tanjungpinang tidak mendahulukan undang-undang Pelayaran sebagai asas preferensi dalam hukum di bidang pelayaran. Saran penulis terhadap permasalahan yang diteliti adalah Seharusnya Jaksa Penuntut Umum dalam merumuskan dakwaannya harus memperhatikan asas yang berlaku dan beberapa teknik dalam merumuskan surat dakwaan serta dalam menjunjung asas tegaknya hukum demi mencapai kepastian hukum maka sebaiknya perlu adanya kesepahaman bagi penegak hukum.

The use of essential oils for diverse purposes shows the increasing demand worldwide. These conditions encouraged fraudulent practices to maximize profit and set competitive prices. This review describes the characterization of essential oils (EOs) and their extraction technique before analysis. The type of adulteration and the technique for authentication, including chromatographic, spectroscopic, and others, either alone or in combination with the chemometrics technique, are also profoundly explained. Many studies use a combination of targeted and non-targeted approaches. Combining these two approaches were considered to produce accurate and reliable results for the authentication of EOs. The most advanced method was for authentication of lavender oil, citrus oils (lemon, bergamot, neroli), rose oil, peppermint oil, wintergreen oil, patchouli oil, and citronella oils. However, many EOs traded, and no international standards to regulate them.

Financial management is one of the factors that determine the achievement of organizational goals. In order for financial management (budget) to run in an orderly and accountable financial information system. To further optimize the work of information systems so that effectiveness can be achieved requires implementation activities, employee competencies and management evaluation of the financial information system.This study aims to analyze: 1). Analyzing the influence of the implementation of financial information systems on the effectiveness of financial management, 2). Analyzing the influence of employee competency on financial management effectiveness 3). Analyze the influence of management evaluations on the effectiveness of financial management in the Open University Distance Learning Program Unit throughout Indonesia.The study was conducted using quantitative descriptive method, the research sampling used purposive sampling non probability with a total sample of 117 respondents. The data analysis technique used is regression analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS).The results showed that the implementation of financial information systems had a significant effect on the effectiveness of financial management, employee competence had a significant effect on the effectiveness of financial management and management evaluation also had a significant effect on the effectiveness of financial management. Determination coefficient value obtained is 64.80%, it can be concluded that the implementation of financial information systems, employee competencies and management evaluation of effective financial management.

Background: Spirulina platensis contains several bioactive molecules such as phenol, flavonoid and phycocyanin pigments. This study unveils total phenol, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, phycocyanin content and evaluated encapsulation efficiency from Ocimum basilicum intervention on S. platensis. O. basilicum intervention aims to reduce unpleasant odors from S. platensis that will increase consumption and increase bioactive compounds. Methods: The intervention was carried out by soaking a S. platensis control sample (SP) in O. basilicum with a ratio of 1:4 (w/v) and it was then dried (DSB) and microencapsulated by freeze drying methods (MSB) using a combination of maltodextrin and gelatin. Total flavonoid and phenolic analysis with curve fitting analysis used a linear regression approach. Antioxidant activity of samples was analysed with the 2,2’-azino-bis-3-3thylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) method. Data were analysed using ANOVA at significance level (p < 0.05) followed by Tukey test models using SPSS v.22. Results: The result of this study indicated that O. basilicum intervention treatment (DSB) has the potential to increase bioactive compounds such as total phenol, antioxidant activity and phycocyanin, and flavonoid content. Intervention of O. basilicum on S. platensis (DSB) significantly increases total phenol by 49.5% and phycocyanin by 40.7%. This is due to the phenol and azulene compounds in O. basilicum which have a synergistic effect on phenol and phycocyanin in S. platensis. Microencapsulation using a maltodexrin and gelatin coating is effective in phycocyanin protection and antioxidant activity with an encapsulation efficiency value of 71.58% and 80.5%. Conclusion: The intervention of O. basilicum on S. platensis improved the total phenol and phycocyanin content and there is potential for a pharmaceutical product for a functional food and pharmaceutical product.

Gelatin is used as an additive in medicine, food, and cosmetics. Gelatin from goatskin is a new excipient that has not been explored by researchers, including for hard-shell capsules. The aim of this study was to evaluate and characterize the hard-shell capsules produced from goatskin gelatin. The goatskin gelatin was extracted by an acid hydrolysis method, and the functional properties were investigated. Hard-shell capsules were then produced from goatskin gelatin, evaluated, and characterized. The gelatin extracted from goatskin had 56.9% ± 0.95 clarity and a pH of 5.11 ± 0.09, 97.51% ± 1.1 protein content, 9.23% ± 0.08 water content, 0.18% ± 0.07 ash content, 2.08% ± 0.35 fat content, gel strength of 298 ± 2.64 gbloom, and viscosity of 27.33 ± 2.07 mPs. The gelatin has met the requirements to be made into hard-shell capsules. The average weight of the hard-shell capsules produced was 96.9 mg with 8.69 standard deviation. The average size of the body and cap length was 18.84 ± 0.64 mm and 10.98 ± 0.30 mm, respectively. The results of capsule evaluation and characterization were as follows: the pH was 4.82 ± 1,27, water content was 10.03 ± 0.21, disintegration time was 4.02 ± 2.09 min, and there was no microbial growth. Thus, the capsules made have met the requirements and can be produced in a large quantity.

Ruang MES 56 is a contemporary photography-based Art Institute in Yogyakarta. This independent art institution has been widely known through its various works in international arts events. The resulting works are not merely personal, but appear to be conceptually charged and based on preproduction information. This article will discuss the discovery of ideas, excavations, and interpretations of information made by artists of Ruang MES 56 in the creation of works. More specifically, this research will dig deeper into what kinds of information artists are searching for in the creation, and how they influence the appearance of the work they produce. The research data will be obtained through interviews and studies of documents owned by selected artists of Ruang MES 56 members. The expected result of this research is the discovery of the created patterns of creation, and can reveal the process of transforming the information that has been collected into the form artworks.

Kullu Halal (all Halal) is a concept that is highly applied in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region as the majority of the population is Muslim. Many products from non-Muslim countries are also exported to the MENA countries and some of them are exposed to animal-based ingredients. Halal certification studies in the MENA region are found to be quite minimal to non-existent. The paper is designated to analyze the effects of Halal certification towards the purchase intention of Muslim consumers on food products from Muslim majority countries in the MENA countries. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as a platform to predict the consumers’ intention to purchase the Halal certified products. A self-administered questionnaire was selected as a method and the respondents are the Muslim consumers living in certain areas of Klang Valley, Malaysia. Five hundred questionnaires were distributed, and 417 questionnaires were considered usable. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used as a method in this research. Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control showed a strong correlation with Purchase Intention and the results were statistically significant at p < 0.05. Algeria was found to be the least trustworthy country by the respondents, followed by Iran, Lebanon, Iraq, and Bahrain. The results indicate that the presence of Halal certification is important and will be profitable for the food industry players in the MENA region. Despite being Muslim majority countries, it is important to ensure the presence of Halal certification in the products from MENA countries, especially from those that received low scores in the country of origin study.

Considering Indonesia’s target to lead halal industry worldwide, the discussion upon the current practices of halal governance in the country is critical to get into a comprehensive insight. Several major drawbacks within the previous studies on this topic is found along the followings. There has never been a study that has specifically discussed the term of halal governance substantively or comprehensively investigated the subject matters in Indonesia. Driven by this gap, we set out to review halal governance practices in Indonesia by employing a qualitative method of documentary. In doing so, the present paper firstly discusses the substantive materials upon lines of defense in halal governance that covers the four themes, which the present paper particularly reviews as the current practices in Indonesia. From the present discussion, this paper offers the novelty on the explanation of lines of defense in halal governance, and that of the current practices in Indonesia along with the related issues presently associated with it. In addition, this paper further delivers the applicable advises for the improvement of the practices. This study is relevant for the stakeholders of halal industry including the domestic government agencies, practitioners and academics.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan suplemen penuntun praktikum Taksonomi Tumbuhan tinggi yang dikembangkan berdasarkan studi etnobotani pemanfaatan tumbuhan mangrove di Kota Bengkulu oleh masyarakat sekitar kawasan hutan mangrove berdasarkan uji validasi dan uji keterbacaan pada mahasiswa pendidikan biologi UNIB. Wawancara kepada masyarakat dilakukan di 3 lokasi yaitu daerah sekitar hutan mangrove Kampung Bahari, hutan mangrove di kelurahan Sumber Jaya dan Padang Serai serta hutan mangrove di Taman Wisata Alam Pantai Panjang dan Pulau Baai kelurahan Muara Dua kecamatan Kampung Melayu Kota Bengkulu. Pengembangan suplemen penuntun praktikum berdasarkan studi etnobotani oleh peneliti. Validasi dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli bahan ajar serta uji keterbacaan terhadap mahasiswa pendidikan biologi UNIB. Hasil uji validasi penuntun praktikum yang dilakukan oleh 1 orang ahli materi dan 1 orang ahli bahan ajar mendapatkan hasil masing-masing ialah 78% dan 75% dengan kriteria valid, dan hasil uji keterbacaan pada mahasiswa yaitu 86% dengan kriteria sangat layak sehingga penuntun praktikum Taksonomi Tumbuhan tinggi yang telah dikembangkan, layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar matakuliah Taksonomi Tumbuhan. Kata Kunci : Etnobotani, Pemanfaatan Mangrove, Penuntun Praktikum, Taksonomi Tumbuhan Tinggi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis tanaman obat di perkarangan yang digunakan masyarakat Serawai di desa Karang Endah, mengetahui bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan dan untuk melihat kelayakan LKPD yang telah dikembangkan berdasarkan uji validator logis (guru dan dosen) dan empiris (peserta didik) kelas XIPA SMAN 01 Kepahiang materi keanekaragaman hayati sub bab manfaat keanekaragaman hayati sebagi bahan obat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan langkah utama Borg and Gall yang telah dimodifikasi yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk LKPD, validasi desain, revisi desain dan validasi empiris. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi lapangan, lembar wawancara, lembar angket validasi logis. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan 63 jenis tanaman obat yang terbagi menjadi 34 famili tanaman. Penggunaan LKPD dalam pembelajaran dikatakan “layak” dengan hasil validasi logis mendapat nilai rata-rata 91,1 % dengan krriteria “sangat valid” dan hasil uji validasi empiris mendapatkan rata-rata nilai 85% (sangat baik) dengan ketuntasan klasikal 100%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD manfaat keanekaragaman hayati sebagai obat Layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kata kunci: LKPD, Tanaman Obat, Validator Empiris

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada pembelajaran biologi menggunakan model pembelajaraan kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuasi eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah randomized control-group pretest posttest design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIA yang diambil 2 kelas secara acak (random sampling). Kelas pertama dengan pembelajaran model Think Pair Share (TPS), kelas kedua dengan pembelajaran model konvensional. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan instrumen berupa tes esai untuk berpikir kritis dan tes objektif dengan lima option untuk hasil belajar kognitif. Analisis data menggunakan adalah uji-t independent samples test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa biologi model pembelajaran kooperatif type Think Pair Share (TPS) terhadap di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen kemampuan berpikir kritis yakni 88,9 dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa yakni 85,9 Kata Kunci : Think Pair Share (TPS), Hasil Belajar Kognitif, Berpikir Kritis.

The cause of the swarm earthquakes occurring from September until November 2020 remains unclear. The swarm activities are close to the Tripa active fault but also close to Mt. Bendahara. This study offers the analysis of seismic P and S wave arrivals and relocate the hypocenter of the swarm. We analysed the hypocentre distribution that recorded by Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) from July 2020 to January 2021. The arrival of P and S-wave from 103 events was used obtain 1-D seismic velocity model. The earthquake used for this study consisted of at least 6 phases of seismic arrivals with the azimuthal gap angle less than 180 degree. The different velocities occurred in the upper and lower of the crustal thickness of 0 – 40 km. The Vp values are about 5.0 – 7.0 km/s and 3.0 – 5.0 km/s for Vs value while the Vp/Vs ratio are ranging from 1.5 to 1.7. Our preliminary results indicate that the potential swarm activities near to Mt. Bandahara maybe triggered by an unknown fault activity as no volcanic activity was reported.