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The sources used are a variety of communal statutes from communities in north-central Italy, originating in particular from urban centres. After analysis of the collections of statutes, it seems that the Black Death did not influence health standards concerning the sale of foodstuffs.What is proposed here is a typology of food fraud that local legislation tries to limit. Health provisions relating to wine production are followed by those - much more numerous - on the retail sale of meat and fish. For these easily perishable food products, inadequate storage was feared above all, something which was dangerous to the health of consumers. However, the examples show no lack of multiple fraud at the customers’ expense, in particular various forms of adulteration which were not always harmful from the health point of view.