Search

Purpose: To improve teacher education and education quality, this study explores the experiences and learning of student teachers during their practice instruction in public high schools in the Philippines. Methodology: Semi-structured, in-depth focus group discussions with student teachers were conducted employing a phenomenological research design using Colaizzi's approach. Eight groups of student teachers participated in the focus group discussions (FGDs). Each group comprised five students, with 40 participants in total. Findings: According to the findings, student teachers often struggle with the practical realities of teaching in public school and real-world scenarios instead of controlled training environments. Additionally, teaching-related learning experiences are crucial for adapting to diverse student characteristics and developing teaching styles. A mentoring program is found to be essential, despite issues of communication and confidence. Moreover, having supportive mentors play a significant role in helping student teachers to become effective educators. The study also emphasized the need to enhance the teaching and learning setting through digital tools. Significance: This study provides important insights into the obstacles and potential for improving teacher education quality in the Philippines and expanding the teaching practice program.

The main objective of this study was to determine the correlation between digital modular distance learning practices and Science performance among Grade 8 learners of Marcela T. Mabanta National High School during the school year 2021-2022. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed. Out of the 262 grade 8 learners, 100 of this population were the respondents of the study which was composed of 48 males and 52 females. This study used a researcher-made questionnaire as a tool. Frequency, ratio and percentages, weighted mean, mean percentage score, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used in the analysis of data. The consolidated results of the study elaborated that the learner-respondents achieved a satisfactory Science performance in this pandemic school year. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between the learners' digital modular distance learning practices (in terms of performance/autonomous learning, coordination, and organization which yielded 0.000 levels of significance) and Science performance. A proposed intervention program for learners, parents, and teachers on digital modular distance learning practices was crafted for implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - To improve teacher education and education quality, this study explores the experiences and learning of student teachers during their practice instruction in public high schools in the Philippines. Methodology - Semi-structured, in-depth focus group discussions with student teachers were conducted employing a phenomenological research design using Colaizzi's approach. Eight groups of student teachers participated in the focus group discussions (FGDs). Each group comprised five students, with 40 participants in total. Findings - According to the findings, student teachers often struggle with the practical realities of teaching in public school and real-world scenarios instead of controlled training environments. Additionally, teaching-related learning experiences are crucial for adapting to diverse student characteristics and developing teaching styles. A mentoring program is found to be essential, despite issues of communication and confidence. Moreover, having supportive mentors play a significant role in helping student teachers to become effective educators. The study also emphasized the need to enhance the teaching and learning setting through digital tools. Significance - This study provides important insights into the obstacles and potential for improving teacher education quality in the Philippines and expanding the teaching practice program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest (CA) is associated with increased short-term mortality. However, whether this is because AF adversely affects early resuscitation success, causes post-resuscitation morbidity, or because it is a marker for patient co-morbidities, remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of AF in patients with ROSC to test the hypothesis that AF is associated with increased risk of rearrest and to determine its impact on mortality and stroke risk., Methods: We performed a retrospective study of emergency medical services patients with OHCA and ROSC. To examine long-term morbidity and mortality due to AF, an additional observational cohort analysis was performed using a large electronic health record (EHR) database., Results: One hundred nineteen patients with ROSC prior to ED arrival were identified. AF was observed in 39 (33%) of patients. Rearrest was not different between AF and no AF groups (44% vs. 41%, p = 0.94). In the EHR analysis, mortality at one year in patients who developed AF was 59% vs. 39% in no AF patients. Odds of stroke was 5x greater in AF patients (p < 0.001), with the majority not anticoagulated (93%, p < 0.001) and comorbidities were greater p < 0.001)., Conclusions: AF was common following ROSC and not associated with rearrest. AF after CA was associated with increased mortality and stroke risk. These data suggest rhythm control for AF in the immediate post-ROSC period is not warranted; however, vigilance is required for patients who develop persistent AF, particularly with regards to stroke risk and prevention., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [All authors have contributed to the scientific content of this work and approved this manuscript with agreement to submit this work to Resuscitation. This manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. There are no conflicts of interest to declare in regard to this work. We also fully agree with the Editorial Policies of Resuscitation.]., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) rearrest after successful resuscitation is common, and survival is poor. A mechanism of VT/VF, as demonstrated in ex vivo studies, is when repolarization alternans becomes spatially discordant (DIS ALT), which can be enhanced by impaired gap junctions (GJs). However, in vivo spontaneous DIS ALT-induced VT/VF has never been demonstrated, and the effects of GJ on DIS ALT and VT/VF rearrest are unknown., Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether spontaneous VT/VF rearrest induced by DIS ALT occurs in vivo, and if it can be suppressed by preserving Cx43-mediated GJ coupling and/or connectivity., Methods: We used an in vivo porcine model of resuscitation from ischemia-induced cardiac arrest combined with ex vivo optical mapping in porcine left ventricular wedge preparations., Results: In vivo, DIS ALT frequently preceded VT/VF and paralleled its incidence at normal (37°C, n = 9) and mild hypothermia (33°C, n = 8) temperatures. Maintaining GJs in vivo with rotigaptide (n = 10) reduced DIS ALT and VT/VF incidence, especially during mild hypothermia, by 90% and 60%, respectively (P < 0.001; P < 0.013). Ex vivo, both rotigaptide (n = 5) and αCT11 (n = 7), a Cx43 mimetic peptide that promotes GJ connectivity, significantly reduced DIS ALT by 60% and 100%, respectively (P < 0.05; P < 0.005), and this reduction was associated with reduced intrinsic heterogeneities of action potential duration rather than changes in conduction velocity restitution., Conclusions: These results provide the strongest in vivo evidence to date suggesting a causal relationship between spontaneous DIS ALT and VT/VF in a clinically realistic scenario. Furthermore, our results suggest that preserving GJs during resuscitation can suppress VT/VF rearrest., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures This work was supported in part by NIH grants HL142754 (Drs Laurita, Piktel, Almahameed, Ziv, and Wilson), HL161237, and HL141855 (Dr Gourdie), and MetroHealth Foundation Grant (Drs Piktel and Wilson). The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Forward osmosis (FO) has attracted wide attention in recent years. However, the FO performance may be restricted due to internal concentration polarization (ICP) and fast fouling propensity that occurs in the membrane sublayer. Particularly, these problems significantly affect the membrane performance when treating highly contaminated oily wastewater. Recently, double-skinned flat sheet cellulose acetate (CA) membranes consisting of two selective skins via the phase inversion method have demonstrated less ICP and fouling propensity over typical single-skinned membranes. However, these membranes exhibit low water fluxes of <12 LMH under 2 M NaCl draw solution. Therefore, a novel double-skinned FO membrane with a high water flux has been aimed for in this study for emulsified oil-water treatment. The double-skinned FO membrane comprises a fully porous sublayer sandwiched between (i) a truly dense skin for salt rejection and (ii) a fairly loose dense skin for emulsified oil particle rejection. The former dense skin is a polyamide synthesized via interfacial polymerization, while the latter one is a self-assembled sulfonated pentablock copolymer (Nexar copolymer) layer. The resultant double-skinned membrane exhibits a high water flux of 17.2 LMH and a low reverse salt transport of 4.85 gMH using 0.5 M NaCl as the draw solution and DI water as the feed. The double-skinned membrane outperforms the single-skinned membrane with much lower fouling propensity for emulsified oil-water separation.

Objective: The present study prospectively examined the development of child PTSD symptoms (PTSS) and the impact of caregiver PTSS on child PTSS following injury., Methods: One hundred and eighteen ED patients and their caregivers were interviewed in-hospital and 2- and 6-weeks posttrauma. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear regressions examined the development of PTSS., Results: A model combining child and caregiver 2-week PTSS into one latent family PTSS variable provided the best fit to the data. Child in-hospital avoidance symptoms predicted higher levels of 2-week family PTSS. Two-week family PTSS predicted child 6-week PTSS. Post hoc analyses revealed an interaction between in-hospital caregiver avoidance symptoms and child reexperiencing symptoms in predicting 6-week child PTSS., Conclusions: Results highlight the dynamic development of child PTSS. Different symptom clusters may be related to higher PTSS at differing times posttrauma and may inform the development of time-sensitive methods of assessment and intervention for injury victims.

Peritraumatic dissociation consistently predicts posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Avoidant coping may serve as a mechanism through which peritraumatic dissociation contributes to PTSD symptoms. Path analysis was used to examine whether avoidant coping assessed 6 weeks following a motor vehicle accident mediated the relationship between in-hospital peritraumatic dissociation and 6-month (n = 193) and 12-month (n = 167) chronic PTSD symptoms. Results revealed that, after controlling for age, gender, depression, and 6-week PTSD symptoms, avoidant coping remained a partial mediator between peritraumatic dissociation and chronic PTSD symptoms 6- and 12-months postaccident. Post-hoc multigroup analyses suggested that at 6-months posttrauma, the mediation was significant in women, but not in men. Gender-specific results were not significant at 12-months posttrauma. Interventions targeted at reducing avoidant coping in high dissociators may aid in reducing PTSD symptoms., (Copyright © 2011 International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.)

Objective: The purpose of the present article was to systematically review the literature investigating the long-term physical health consequences of childhood sexual abuse (CSA)., Methods: Literature searches yielded 31 studies comparing individuals with and without a history of CSA on six health outcomes: general health, gastrointestinal (GI) health, gynecologic or reproductive health, pain, cardiopulmonary symptoms, and obesity. Exploratory subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential methodological moderators., Results: Results suggested that a history of CSA was associated with small to moderate group differences on almost all health outcomes assessed, such that individuals with a history of CSA reported more complaints for each health outcome. Suggestive trends in moderating variables of study design and methodology are presented., Conclusions: Results highlight the long-term physical health consequences of CSA and identify potential moderators to aid in the design of future research.

The present study examined the relationship between trauma history characteristics (number and type of traumas, age at first trauma, and subjective responses to prior traumas) and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). One hundred eighty-eight adult MVA victims provided information about prior traumatization and were evaluated for PTSD symptoms 6 weeks and one year following the MVA. Results indicated that after controlling for demographics and depression, prior trauma history characteristics accounted for a small, but significant amount of the variance in PTSD symptoms. Distress from prior trauma and number of types of prior traumas were the most meaningful trauma history predictors. Results encourage further evaluation of trauma history as a multifaceted construct.

A novel DNA binding agent based upon a triaza-cyclopenta[b]phenanthrene scaffold, compound 1, has been synthesized. dsDNA binding analysis of this compound using the ethidium bromide displacement assay indicated a preference for GC-rich sequences. However, equilibrium dialysis experiments against a variety of nucleic acids showed that the target compound bound about 20-fold tighter to G-quartet DNA than to dsDNA under physiological salt concentrations. The binding of 1 to G-quartet DNA was verified by the ability of the compound to promote the formation of the quartet and to compete with TmPyP4 for binding to the quadruplex. Given the importance of G-quartet binding agents in the treatment of cancer and in the understanding of drug-DNA interactions, 1 and its related analogs should find utility as a new class of G-quartet specific agents.

A delayed hypersensitivity to 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene was elicited in guinea pigs after contact sensitization. This sensitivity was characterized by its time of appearance, histology, specificity, and transfer characteristics. The reaction had its maximal dermal reactivity 24 hr after challenge, was characterized by a mononuclear cell infiltration, demonstrated immunological specificity, and could be transferred with leukocytes to normal animals.