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9 results on '"Irina España-Eljaiek"'

1. El valor económico de la mujer: ratios de género, migración y feminización de ocupaciones urbanas en Colombia durante el siglo XX

Author

Irina España-Eljaiek, María José Fuentes-Vásquez, and Nohemí Samara Gaviria-Meléndez

Subjects
migración, ratios de género, América Latina, Colombia, historia económica, Business, HF5001-6182, Economic history and conditions, HC10-1085, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract

Esta investigación explora la evolución de las ratios de género en Colombia entre 1938 y 2005. Utilizando fuentes censales, los datos muestran un mayor número de población femenina en las áreas urbanas para los rangos de edad de 10 a 14 y de 15 a 19 años. El trabajo explora hipótesis en torno a la persistencia de este mayor número de niñas y mujeres jóvenes en las áreas urbanas. Específicamente, se sugiere que las mayores brechas en las ratios podrían explicarse por una reasignación de la mano de obra vía migración campo-ciudad. Dicho proceso migratorio estaría asociado a la mayor valoración económica de las mujeres en las ciudades. Es decir, las zonas urbanas experimentaron el surgimiento de nuevos sectores económicos que favorecerían la feminización de ciertas labores. Esta feminización estimularía la emigración de niñas desde el campo a la ciudad, alterando las ratios de género en el periodo analizado.

Published
2022
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3. Historic Racial Exclusion and Subnational Socio-economic Outcomes in Colombia : Equal but Different

Author

Irina España-Eljaiek and Irina España-Eljaiek

Subjects
Ethnology—Latin America, Culture, International economic relations, Economic policy, Social policy
Abstract

This book examines the geo-racialized order of the Colombian state and its consequences for Afro-descendant territories. To do so, it employs a historical institutional approach tracing racial exclusion and subnational socioeconomic outcomes in Colombia during the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. It uses a mixed-methods and interdisciplinary qualitative and quantitative analytical approach to identify the quantitative effects of informal racial exclusion on subnational collective outcomes, as well as to show more precisely how these effects were generated. Through its exploration of Colombia's geo-racialized project, implicit exclusion of Afro-descendant territories and spatialized nature of racial diversity, this book contributes to literatures of Latin American political economy, institutional theory, racial politics and economic history.

Published
2024

4. Decentralizing Revenue in Latin America: Why and How

Author

Vicente Fretes Cibils, Teresa Ter-Minassian, J. Sebastián Scrofina, Federico Ortega, Germán Ríos, Alejandro Rasteletti, Arturo Ramírez Verdugo, Emilio Pineda, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, Cristián Sepúlveda, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, Jannet Zenteno, Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Giorgio Brosio, Ivana Templado, Cynthia Moskovits, Marcela Cristini, Sebastián Auguste, Daniel Artana Vicente Fretes Cibils, Inter-American Development Bank, Vicente Fretes Cibils, Teresa Ter-Minassian, J. Sebastián Scrofina, Federico Ortega, Germán Ríos, Alejandro Rasteletti, Arturo Ramírez Verdugo, Emilio Pineda, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, Cristián Sepúlveda, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, Jannet Zenteno, Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Giorgio Brosio, Ivana Templado, Cynthia Moskovits, Marcela Cristini, Sebastián Auguste, Daniel Artana Vicente Fretes Cibils, and Inter-American Development Bank

Abstract

This book analyzes the reasons for lackluster performance selected Latin American countries in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues and explores policy options to increase these revenues as efficiently and equitably as possible. Seven case studies--Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela--span a wide range of characteristics, including federal and unitary countries, different geographical sizes, levels of economic development, and degrees of revenue decentralization. In this book, subnational governments include both intermediate and local levels of government, which are distinguished in the case studies. Together, the case studies provide a reasonably representative picture of the challenges faced throughout Latin America in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues in a manner that supports equitable growth.

Published
2015

5. Decentralizing Revenue in Latin America: Why and How (Executive Summary)

Author

Vicente Fretes Cibils, Teresa Ter-Minassian, J. Sebastián Scrofina, Federico Ortega, Germán Ríos, Alejandro Rasteletti, Arturo Ramírez Verdugo, Emilio Pineda, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, Cristián Sepúlveda, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, Jannet Zenteno, Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Giorgio Brosio, Ivana Templado, Cynthia Moskovits, Marcela Cristini, Sebastián Auguste, Daniel Artana Vicente Fretes Cibils, Inter-American Development Bank, Vicente Fretes Cibils, Teresa Ter-Minassian, J. Sebastián Scrofina, Federico Ortega, Germán Ríos, Alejandro Rasteletti, Arturo Ramírez Verdugo, Emilio Pineda, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, Cristián Sepúlveda, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, Jannet Zenteno, Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Giorgio Brosio, Ivana Templado, Cynthia Moskovits, Marcela Cristini, Sebastián Auguste, Daniel Artana Vicente Fretes Cibils, and Inter-American Development Bank

Abstract

This book analyzes the reasons for lackluster performance selected Latin American countries in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues and explores policy options to increase these revenues as efficiently and equitably as possible. Seven case studies--Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela--span a wide range of characteristics, including federal and unitary countries, different geographical sizes, levels of economic development, and degrees of revenue decentralization. In this book, subnational governments include both intermediate and local levels of government, which are distinguished in the case studies. Together, the case studies provide a reasonably representative picture of the challenges faced throughout Latin America in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues in a manner that supports equitable growth.

Published
2015

6. Sub-national Revenue Mobilization in Latin American and Caribbean Countries: The Case of Colombia

Author

Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sanchez Torres, and Jannet Zenteno Gonzalez

Subjects
Economic policy, Direct tax, Fiscal Policy, Sub-national revenue, Value-added tax, Income tax, Tax, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, jel:H71, Tax reform, Tax avoidance, ComputingMilieux_GENERAL, Value-added tax, Tax credit, Ad valorem tax, jel:H3, State income tax, Economics, jel:H7, Indirect tax
Abstract

This paper surveys the evolution and implications of fiscal decentralization in Colombia in recent decades. After describing the fiscal decentralization process and its impact on sub-national finances, the paper presents the evolution of departmental public finances, departmental vertical imbalances and the proposal to levy a VAT surcharge and a retail sales tax for the departments. The paper subsequently describes the evolution of municipal finances and municipal vertical imbalances, then includes calculations of the effective rates of the property and land tax and the industry and commerce tax, estimating the municipal tax burden, the efficiency rate of tax collection, and the determinants of both. The paper concludes with policy recommendations.

Published
2012

7. Sub-national Revenue Mobilization in Latin American and Caribbean Countries: The Case of Colombia

Author

Fabio Sánchez Torres, Irina España Eljaiek, Jannet Zenteno, Inter-American Development Bank, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Irina España Eljaiek, Jannet Zenteno, and Inter-American Development Bank

Abstract

This paper surveys the evolution and implications of fiscal decentralization in Colombia in recent decades. After describing the fiscal decentralization process and its impact on sub-national finances, the paper presents the evolution of departmental public finances, departmental vertical imbalances and the proposal to levy a VAT surcharge and a retail sales tax for the departments. The paper subsequently describes the evolution of municipal finances and municipal vertical imbalances, then includes calculations of the effective rates of the property and land tax and the industry and commerce tax, estimating the municipal tax burden, the efficiency rate of tax collection, and the determinants of both. The paper concludes with policy recommendations.

Published
2012

8. Decentralizing Revenue in Latin America: Why and How (Executive Summary)

Author

Vicente Fretes Cibils, Teresa Ter-Minassian, J. Sebastián Scrofina, Federico Ortega, Germán Ríos, Alejandro Rasteletti, Arturo Ramírez Verdugo, Emilio Pineda, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, Cristián Sepúlveda, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, Jannet Zenteno, Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Giorgio Brosio, Ivana Templado, Cynthia Moskovits, Marcela Cristini, Sebastián Auguste, and Daniel Artana

Subjects
jel:H26, jel:H27, jel:H24, jel:H25, jel:H3, jel:H7, jel:H22, Municipal management, Fiscal management, Decentralization, Revenue, Taxation, Decentralization, Taxation, Subnational governments, Subnational revenue mobilization, Intergovernmental transfers, Fiscal dependence, Latin America, jel:H23, jel:H21
Abstract

This book analyzes the reasons for lackluster performance selected Latin American countries in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues and explores policy options to increase these revenues as efficiently and equitably as possible. Seven case studies--Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela--span a wide range of characteristics, including federal and unitary countries, different geographical sizes, levels of economic development, and degrees of revenue decentralization. In this book, subnational governments include both intermediate and local levels of government, which are distinguished in the case studies. Together, the case studies provide a reasonably representative picture of the challenges faced throughout Latin America in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues in a manner that supports equitable growth.

9. Decentralizing Revenue in Latin America: Why and How

Author

Vicente Fretes Cibils, Teresa Ter-Minassian, J. Sebastián Scrofina, Federico Ortega, Germán Ríos, Alejandro Rasteletti, Arturo Ramírez Verdugo, Emilio Pineda, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, Cristián Sepúlveda, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, Jannet Zenteno, Irina España Eljaiek, Fabio Sánchez Torres, Giorgio Brosio, Ivana Templado, Cynthia Moskovits, Marcela Cristini, Sebastián Auguste, and Daniel Artana

Subjects
jel:H26, jel:H27, jel:H24, jel:H25, jel:H70, Taxation, Revenue, Decentralization, Fiscal management, Municipal management, Decentralization, Taxation, Subnational governments, Subnational revenue mobilization, Intergovernmental transfers, Fiscal dependence, Latin America, jel:H30, jel:H22, jel:H23, jel:H21
Abstract

This book analyzes the reasons for lackluster performance selected Latin American countries in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues and explores policy options to increase these revenues as efficiently and equitably as possible. Seven case studies--Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela--span a wide range of characteristics, including federal and unitary countries, different geographical sizes, levels of economic development, and degrees of revenue decentralization. In this book, subnational governments include both intermediate and local levels of government, which are distinguished in the case studies. Together, the case studies provide a reasonably representative picture of the challenges faced throughout Latin America in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues in a manner that supports equitable growth.

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