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2. Identification of suspicious behaviour through anomalies in the tracking data of fishing vessels

Author

Rodríguez, Jorge P., Irigoien, Xabier, Duarte, Carlos M., and Eguíluz, Víctor M.

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

Automated positioning devices can generate large datasets with information on the movement of humans, animals and objects, revealing patterns of movement, hot spots and overlaps among others. This information is obtained after cleaning the data from errors of different natures. However, in the case of Automated Information Systems (AIS), attached to vessels, these errors can come from intentional manipulation of the electronic device. Thus, the analysis of anomalies can provide valuable information on suspicious behaviour. Here, we analyse anomalies of fishing vessel trajectories obtained with the Automatic Identification System. The map of silence anomalies, those occurring when positioning data is absent for more than 24 h, shows that they occur more likely closer to land, observing 94.9% of the anomalies at less than 100 km from the shore. This behaviour suggests the potential of identifying silence anomalies as a proxy for illegal activities. With the increasing availability of high-resolution positioning of vessels and the development of powerful statistical analytical tools, we provide hints on the automatic detection of illegal activities that may help optimise monitoring, control and surveillance measures.

Published
2022
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5. Global mesozooplankton communities show lower connectivity in deep oceanic layers.

Author

Canals, Oriol, Corell, Jon, Villarino, Ernesto, Chust, Guillem, Aylagas, Eva, Mendibil, Iñaki, Michell, Craig T., González‐Gordillo, Juan Ignacio, Irigoien, Xabier, and Rodríguez‐Ezpeleta, Naiara

Subjects
OCEAN currents, BATHYAL zone, WATER masses, FOOD chains, ENERGY transfer
Abstract

Mesozooplankton is a key component of the ocean, regulating global processes such as the carbon pump, and ensuring energy transfer from lower to higher trophic levels. Yet, knowledge on mesozooplankton diversity, distribution and connectivity at global scale is still fragmented. To fill this gap, we applied DNA metabarcoding to mesozooplankton samples collected during the Malaspina‐2010 circumnavigation expedition across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans from the surface to bathypelagic depths. We highlight the still scarce knowledge on global mesozooplankton diversity and identify the Indian Ocean and the deep sea as the oceanic regions with the highest proportion of hidden diversity. We report no consistent alpha‐diversity patterns for mesozooplankton at a global scale, neither across vertical nor horizontal gradients. However, beta‐diversity analysis suggests horizontal and vertical structuring of mesozooplankton communities mostly attributed to turnover and reveals an increase in mesozooplankton beta‐diversity with depth, indicating reduced connectivity at deeper layers. Additionally, we identify a water mass type‐mediated structuring of mesozooplankton bathypelagic communities instead of an oceanic basin‐mediated as observed at upper layers. This suggests limited dispersal at deep ocean layers, most likely due to weaker currents and lower mixing of water mass types, thus reinforcing the importance of oceanic currents and barriers to dispersal in shaping global plankton communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Reply to: Shark mortality cannot be assessed by fishery overlap alone

Author

Queiroz, Nuno, Humphries, Nicolas E., Couto, Ana, Vedor, Marisa, da Costa, Ivo, Sequeira, Ana M. M., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Santos, António M., Abascal, Francisco J., Abercrombie, Debra L., Abrantes, Katya, Acuña-Marrero, David, Afonso, André S., Afonso, Pedro, Anders, Darrell, Araujo, Gonzalo, Arauz, Randall, Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bernal, Diego, Berumen, Michael L., Lion, Sandra Bessudo, Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Blaison, Antonin V., Block, Barbara A., Bond, Mark E., Bonfil, Ramon, Bradford, Russell W., Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brooks, Annabelle, Brown, Judith, Bruce, Barry D., Byrne, Michael E., Campana, Steven E., Carlisle, Aaron B., Chapman, Demian D., Chapple, Taylor K., Chisholm, John, Clarke, Christopher R., Clua, Eric G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Crochelet, Estelle C., Dagorn, Laurent, Daly, Ryan, Cortés, Daniel Devia, Doyle, Thomas K., Drew, Michael, Duffy, Clinton A. J., Erikson, Thor, Espinoza, Eduardo, Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Fischer, G. Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Fontes, Jorge, Forget, Fabien, Fowler, Mark, Francis, Malcolm P., Gallagher, Austin J., Gennari, Enrico, Goldsworthy, Simon D., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Gustafson, Johan A., Guttridge, Tristan L., Guzman, Hector M., Hammerschlag, Neil, Harman, Luke, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex R., Holdsworth, John C., Holmes, Bonnie J., Howey, Lucy A., Hoyos, Mauricio, Hueter, Robert E., Hussey, Nigel E., Huveneers, Charlie, Irion, Dylan T., Jacoby, David M. P., Jewell, Oliver J. D., Johnson, Ryan, Jordan, Lance K. B., Joyce, Warren, Keating Daly, Clare A., Ketchum, James T., Klimley, A. Peter, Kock, Alison A., Koen, Pieter, Ladino, Felipe, Lana, Fernanda O., Lea, James S. E., Llewellyn, Fiona, Lyon, Warrick S., MacDonnell, Anna, Macena, Bruno C. L., Marshall, Heather, McAllister, Jaime D., Meÿer, Michael A., Morris, John J., Nelson, Emily R., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Poisson, Francois, Quintero, Lina Maria, Richardson, Andrew J., Rogers, Paul J., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Samoilys, Melita, Semmens, Jayson M., Sheaves, Marcus, Shillinger, George, Shivji, Mahmood, Singh, Sarika, Skomal, Gregory B., Smale, Malcolm J., Snyders, Laurenne B., Soler, German, Soria, Marc, Stehfest, Kilian M., Thorrold, Simon R., Tolotti, Mariana T., Towner, Alison, Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vandeperre, Frederic, Vaudo, Jeremy J., Watanabe, Yuuki Y., Weber, Sam B., Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Williams, Sean, Zárate, Patricia M., Harcourt, Robert, Hays, Graeme C., Meekan, Mark G., Thums, Michele, Irigoien, Xabier, Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sousa, Lara L., Simpson, Samantha J., Southall, Emily J., and Sims, David W.

Published
2021
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9. Reply to: Caution over the use of ecological big data for conservation

Author

Queiroz, Nuno, Humphries, Nicolas E., Couto, Ana, Vedor, Marisa, da Costa, Ivo, Sequeira, Ana M. M., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Santos, António M., Abascal, Francisco J., Abercrombie, Debra L., Abrantes, Katya, Acuña-Marrero, David, Afonso, André S., Afonso, Pedro, Anders, Darrell, Araujo, Gonzalo, Arauz, Randall, Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bernal, Diego, Berumen, Michael L., Lion, Sandra Bessudo, Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Blaison, Antonin V., Block, Barbara A., Bond, Mark E., Bonfil, Ramon, Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brooks, Annabelle, Brown, Judith, Byrne, Michael E., Campana, Steven E., Carlisle, Aaron B., Chapman, Demian D., Chapple, Taylor K., Chisholm, John, Clarke, Christopher R., Clua, Eric G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Crochelet, Estelle C., Dagorn, Laurent, Daly, Ryan, Cortés, Daniel Devia, Doyle, Thomas K., Drew, Michael, Duffy, Clinton A. J., Erikson, Thor, Espinoza, Eduardo, Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Fischer, G. Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Fontes, Jorge, Forget, Fabien, Fowler, Mark, Francis, Malcolm P., Gallagher, Austin J., Gennari, Enrico, Goldsworthy, Simon D., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Gustafson, Johan A., Guttridge, Tristan L., Guzman, Hector M., Hammerschlag, Neil, Harman, Luke, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex R., Holdsworth, John C., Holmes, Bonnie J., Howey, Lucy A., Hoyos, Mauricio, Hueter, Robert E., Hussey, Nigel E., Huveneers, Charlie, Irion, Dylan T., Jacoby, David M. P., Jewell, Oliver J. D., Johnson, Ryan, Jordan, Lance K. B., Joyce, Warren, Keating Daly, Clare A., Ketchum, James T., Klimley, A. Peter, Kock, Alison A., Koen, Pieter, Ladino, Felipe, Lana, Fernanda O., Lea, James S. E., Llewellyn, Fiona, Lyon, Warrick S., MacDonnell, Anna, Macena, Bruno C. L., Marshall, Heather, McAllister, Jaime D., Meÿer, Michael A., Morris, John J., Nelson, Emily R., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Poisson, Francois, Quintero, Lina Maria, Richardson, Andrew J., Rogers, Paul J., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Samoilys, Melita, Semmens, Jayson M., Sheaves, Marcus, Shillinger, George, Shivji, Mahmood, Singh, Sarika, Skomal, Gregory B., Smale, Malcolm J., Snyders, Laurenne B., Soler, German, Soria, Marc, Stehfest, Kilian M., Thorrold, Simon R., Tolotti, Mariana T., Towner, Alison, Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vandeperre, Frederic, Vaudo, Jeremy J., Watanabe, Yuuki Y., Weber, Sam B., Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Williams, Sean, Zárate, Patricia M., Harcourt, Robert, Hays, Graeme C., Meekan, Mark G., Thums, Michele, Irigoien, Xabier, Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sousa, Lara L., Simpson, Samantha J., Southall, Emily J., and Sims, David W.

Published
2021
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10. Optimal phenology of life history events in Calanus finmarchicus: exit from diapause in relation to interannual variation in spring bloom timing and predation

Author

Anderson, Thomas R, Hessen, Dag O, Gentleman, Wendy C, Yool, Andrew, Mayor, Daniel J, Irigoien, Xabier, Anderson, Thomas R, Hessen, Dag O, Gentleman, Wendy C, Yool, Andrew, Mayor, Daniel J, and Irigoien, Xabier

Abstract

Respiration of lipids by copepods during diapause (overwintering dormancy) contributes to ocean carbon sequestration via the seasonal lipid pump (SLP). Parameterizing this flux in predictive models requires a mechanistic understanding of how life history adaptation in copepods shapes their timing of exit from diapause. We investigate the optimal phenology of Calanus finmarchicus in the Norwegian Sea using an individual-based model in which diapause exit is represented as a trait characterized by phenotypic mean and variance. Without interannual variability, optimal exit correlated with the onset of the spring phytoplankton bloom and phenotypic variance was of no benefit. In contrast, copepods endured reduced fitness and adopted bet-hedging strategies when exposed to interannual variability in bloom timing and predation: later exit from diapause and phenotypic variance maintained adult numbers in anomalous late-bloom years. Exit nevertheless remained well before the peak of the bloom which is a favorable strategy when low predation early in the year enhances survival of eggs and early developmental stages. Our work highlights the complex interactions between C. finmarchicus and its environment and the need for improved understanding of bet-hedging strategies and the cues of diapause exit to progress the representation of the SLP in global biogeochemical models.

Published
2024

11. Supplementary Information for Identification of suspicious behavior through anomalies in the tracking data of fishing vessels

Author

Rodríguez-García, Jorge Pablo [0000-0001-6593-5032], Duarte, Carlos M. [0000-0002-1213-1361], Eguíluz, Víctor M. [0000-0003-1133-1289], Rodríguez-García, Jorge Pablo, Irigoien, Xabier, Duarte, Carlos M., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez-García, Jorge Pablo [0000-0001-6593-5032], Duarte, Carlos M. [0000-0002-1213-1361], Eguíluz, Víctor M. [0000-0003-1133-1289], Rodríguez-García, Jorge Pablo, Irigoien, Xabier, Duarte, Carlos M., and Eguíluz, Víctor M.

Abstract

This article has an accompanying supplementary file including a section entitled ‘Statistical filter in non-uniform events distributions’, Figures S1-S13, Supplementary Methods and Supplementary References (PDF 5.2 MB)

Published
2024

12. Identification of suspicious behavior through anomalies in the tracking data of fishing vessels

Author

Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Duarte, Carlos M. [0000-0002-1213-1361], Eguíluz, Víctor M. [0000-0003-1133-1289], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72], Rodríguez, Jorge P., Irigoien, Xabier, Duarte, Carlos M., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Duarte, Carlos M. [0000-0002-1213-1361], Eguíluz, Víctor M. [0000-0003-1133-1289], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72], Rodríguez, Jorge P., Irigoien, Xabier, Duarte, Carlos M., and Eguíluz, Víctor M.

Abstract

Automated positioning devices can generate large datasets with information on the movement of humans, animals and objects, revealing patterns of movement, hot spots and overlaps among others. However, in the case of Automated Information Systems (AIS), attached to vessels, observed strange behaviors in the tracking datasets may come from intentional manipulation of the electronic devices. Thus, the analysis of anomalies can provide valuable information on suspicious behavior. Here, we analyze anomalies of fishing vessel trajectories obtained with the Automatic Identification System. The map of silent anomalies, those that occur when positioning data are absent for more than 24 hours, shows that they are most likely to occur closer to land, with 87.1% of anomalies observed within 100 km of the coast. This behavior suggests the potential of identifying silence anomalies as a proxy for illegal activities. With the increasing availability of high-resolution positioning of vessels and the development of powerful statistical analytical tools, we provide hints on the automatic detection of illegal activities that may help optimize the management of fishing resources., With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘María de Maeztu Unit of Excelence’ accreditation (CEX2021-001201-M; CEX2021-001164-M).

Published
2024

18. Shrinking body size of European anchovy in the Bay of Biscay

Author

Taboada, Fernando G., primary, Chust, Guillem, additional, Santos Mocoroa, María, additional, Aldanondo, Naroa, additional, Fontán, Almudena, additional, Cotano, Unai, additional, Álvarez, Paula, additional, Erauskin‐Extramiana, Maite, additional, Irigoien, Xabier, additional, Fernandes‐Salvador, Jose A., additional, Boyra, Guillermo, additional, Uriarte, Andrés, additional, and Ibaibarriaga, Leire, additional

Published
2023
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24. Shrinking body size of European anchovy in the Bay of Biscay.

Author

Taboada, Fernando G., Chust, Guillem, Santos Mocoroa, María, Aldanondo, Naroa, Fontán, Almudena, Cotano, Unai, Álvarez, Paula, Erauskin‐Extramiana, Maite, Irigoien, Xabier, Fernandes‐Salvador, Jose A., Boyra, Guillermo, Uriarte, Andrés, and Ibaibarriaga, Leire

Subjects
ENGRAULIS encrasicolus, BODY size, MARINE fishes, ANCHOVIES, TEMPERATURE effect
Abstract

Decreased body size is often cited as a major response to ocean warming. Available evidence, however, questions the actual emergence of shrinking trends and the prevalence of temperature‐driven changes in size over alternative drivers. In marine fish, changes in food availability or fluctuations in abundance, including those due to size‐selective fishing, provide compelling mechanisms to explain changes in body size. Here, based on three decades of scientific survey data (1990–2021), we report a decline in the average body size—length and weight—of anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus L., in the Bay of Biscay. Shrinking was evident in all age classes, from juveniles to adults. Allometric adjustment indicated slightly more pronounced declines in weight than in total length, which is consistent with a change toward a slender body shape. Trends in adult weight were nonlinear, with rates accelerating to an average decline of up to 25% decade−1 during the last two decades. We found a strong association between higher anchovy abundance and reduced juvenile size. The effect of density dependence was less clear later in life, and temperature became the best predictor of declines in adult size. Theoretical analyses based on a strategic model further suggested that observed patterns are consistent with a simultaneous, opposing effect of rising temperatures on accelerating early growth and decreasing adult size as predicted by the temperature‐size rule. Macroecological assessment of ecogeographical—Bergmann's and James'—rules in anchovy size suggested that the observed decline largely exceeds intraspecific variation and might be the result of selection. Limitations inherent in the observational nature of the study recommend caution and a continued assessment and exploration of alternative drivers. Additional evidence of a climate‐driven regime shift in the region suggests, however, that shrinking anchovy sizes may signal a long‐lasting change in the structure and functioning of the Bay of Biscay ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Body condition of larval roundherring, Gilchristella aestuaria (family Clupeidae), in relation to harmful algal blooms in a warm-temperate estuary

Author

Smit, Taryn, Clemmesen, Catriona, Lemley, Daniel A, Adams, Janine B, Bornman, Eugin, Strydom, Nadine A, Irigoien, Xabier, Smit, Taryn, Clemmesen, Catriona, Lemley, Daniel A, Adams, Janine B, Bornman, Eugin, Strydom, Nadine A, and Irigoien, Xabier

Abstract

Eutrophication-driven harmful algal blooms (HABs) can have secondary effects on larval fishes that rely on estuaries as nurseries. However, few studies worldwide have quantified these effects despite the global rise in eutrophication. This study presents a novel approach using biochemical body condition analyses to evaluate the impact of HABs on the growth and body condition of the larvae of an estuarine resident fish. Recurrent phytoplankton blooms of Heterosigma akashiwo occur in the warm-temperate Sundays Estuary on the southeast coast of South Africa. The response in body condition and assemblage structure on larval estuarine roundherring (Gilchristella aestuaria) was measured in conjunction with bloom conditions, water quality and zooplanktonic prey and predators. Larvae and early juveniles were sampled during varying intensity levels, duration and frequency of hypereutrophic blooms. This study demonstrated that extensive HABs could significantly impact larval roundherring, G. aestuaria, by decreasing larval nutritional condition and limiting their growth, resulting in poor grow-out into the juvenile phase. Poor condition and growth may likely affect recruitment success to adult populations, and since G. aestuaria is an important forage fish and zooplanktivore, poor recruitment will hold consequences for estuarine food webs.

Published
2023
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29. Should we reconsider how to assess eutrophication?

Author

Polimene, L., Parn, O., Garcia-Gorriz, E., Macias, D., Stips, A., Duteil, Olaf, Ferreira-Cordeiro, N., Miladinova, S., Piroddi, C., Serpetti, N., Irigoien, Xabier, Polimene, L., Parn, O., Garcia-Gorriz, E., Macias, D., Stips, A., Duteil, Olaf, Ferreira-Cordeiro, N., Miladinova, S., Piroddi, C., Serpetti, N., and Irigoien, Xabier

Abstract

Eutrophication in marine waters is traditionally assessed by checking if nutrients, algal biomass and oxygen are below/above a given threshold. However, increased biomass, nutrient concentrations and oxygen demand do not lead to undesirable environmental effects if the flow of carbon/energy from primary producers toward high trophic levels is consistently preserved. Consequently, traditional indicators might provide a misleading assessment of the eutrophication risk. To avoid this, we propose to evaluate eutrophication by using a new index based on plankton trophic fluxes instead of biogeochemical concentrations. A preliminary, model-based, assessment suggests that this approach might give a substantially different picture of the eutrophication status of our seas, with potential consequences on marine ecosystem management. Given the difficulties to measure trophic fluxes in the field, the use of numerical simulations is recommended although the uncertainty associated with biogeochemical models inevitably affects the reliability of the index. However, given the effort currently in place to develop refined numerical tools describing the marine environment (Ocean Digital Twins), a reliable, model-based, eutrophication index could be operational in the near future.

Published
2023
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37. Marine Biodiversity Modelling Study

Author

Chust Guillem, Corrales Xavier, González Fernando, Villarino Ernesto, Chifflet Marina, Fernandes José A., Ibaibarriaga Leire, Borja Ángel, Aranda Martin, Andonegui Eider, González Meritxel, Irigoien Xabier, and García Dorleta

Abstract

The European Commission tendered the study “Marine Biodiversity Modelling” [RTD/2021/MV/10] to pursue the identification and characterization of a subset of candidate biodiversity models that could contribute to the implementation of the European Digital Twin of the Ocean (EU DTO). The EU DTO will be an operational infrastructure for digital ocean services that aims to support decision-making capabilities by authorities to implement EU policies like the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) but also by citizens and businesses operating at sea. Specific objectives of the project were: Conduct a horizon scan to identify and map available modelling approaches used to hindcast, nowcast Develop a comprehensive catalogue to classify available modelling approaches according to their characteristics Propose a subset of the most meaningful models among major model typologies. Assess whether these models can be used in the implementation of the Digital Twin Ocean and can improve the decision-making capacity under the MFSD.

Published
2022

40. Similarities between the biochemical composition of jellyfish body and mucus

Author

Hubot, Nathan, Giering, Sarah L C, Lucas, Cathy H, Irigoien, Xabier, and Irigoien, Xabier

Subjects
Ecology, Aquatic Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Recognition of the importance of jellyfish in marine ecosystems is growing. Yet, the biochemical composition of the mucus that jellyfish constantly excrete is poorly characterized. Here we analyzed the macromolecular (proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) and elemental (carbon and nitrogen) composition of the body and mucus of five scyphozoan jellyfish species (Aurelia aurita, Chrysaora fulgida, Chrysaora pacifica, Eupilema inexpectata and Rhizostoma pulmo). We found that the relative contribution of the different macromolecules and elements in the jellyfish body and mucus was similar across all species, with protein being the major component in all samples (81 ± 4% of macromolecules; 3.6 ± 3.1% of dry weight, DW) followed by lipids (13 ± 4% of macromolecules; 0.5 ± 0.4%DW) and carbohydrates (6 ± 3% of macromolecules; 0.3 ± 0.4%DW). The energy content of the jellyfish matter ranged from 0.2 to 3.1 KJ g−1 DW. Carbon and nitrogen content was 3.7 ± 3.0 and 1.0 ± 0.8%DW, respectively. The average ratios of protein:lipid:carbohydrate and carbon:nitrogen for all samples were 14.6:2.3:1 and 3.8:1, respectively. Our study highlights the biochemical similarity between the jellyfish body and mucus and provides convenient and valuable ratios to support the integration of jellyfish into trophic and biogeochemical models.

Published
2022

41. Plastic debris in the open ocean

Author

Cózar, Andrés, Echevarría, Fidel, González-Gordillo, J. Ignacio, Irigoien, Xabier, Úbeda, Bárbara, Hernández-León, Santiago, Palma, Álvaro T., Navarro, Sandra, García-de-Lomas, Juan, Ruiz, Andrea, Fernández-de-Puelles, María L., and Duarte, Carlos M.

Published
2014

46. Global beta diversity patterns of microbial communities in the surface and deep ocean

Author

Villarino, Ernesto, primary, Watson, James R., additional, Chust, Guillem, additional, Woodill, A. John, additional, Klempay, Benjamin, additional, Jonsson, Bror, additional, Gasol, Josep M., additional, Logares, Ramiro, additional, Massana, Ramon, additional, Giner, Caterina R., additional, Salazar, Guillem, additional, Alvarez‐Salgado, X. Anton, additional, Catala, Teresa S., additional, Duarte, Carlos M., additional, Agusti, Susana, additional, Mauro, Francisco, additional, Irigoien, Xabier, additional, and Barton, Andrew D., additional

Published
2022
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50. Marine biodiversity modelling study

Author

Chust, Guillem, Corrales, Xavier, Gonzáles, Fernandeo, Villarino, Ernesto, Chifflet, Marina, Fernandes, José A., Ibaibarriaga, Leire, Borja, Ángel, Arandu, Martin, Andonegui, Eider, González, Meritxel, Irigoien, Xabier, García, Dorleta, Chust, Guillem, Corrales, Xavier, Gonzáles, Fernandeo, Villarino, Ernesto, Chifflet, Marina, Fernandes, José A., Ibaibarriaga, Leire, Borja, Ángel, Arandu, Martin, Andonegui, Eider, González, Meritxel, Irigoien, Xabier, and García, Dorleta

Abstract

This study reviews the status of Marine Biodiversity Monitoring in the European Commission tendered the study “Marine Biodiversity Modelling” [RTD/2021/MV/10] to pursue the identification and characterization of a subset of candidate biodiversity models that could contribute to the implementation of the European Digital Twin of the Ocean (EU DTO). The EU DTO will be an operational infrastructure for digital ocean services that aims to support decision-making capabilities by authorities to implement EU policies like the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) but also by citizens and businesses operating at sea. Specific objectives of the project were: 1. Conduct a horizon scan to identify and map available modelling approaches used to hindcast, nowcast; 2. Develop a comprehensive catalogue to classify available modelling approaches according to their characteristics; 3. Propose a subset of the most meaningful models among major model typologies; 4. Assess whether these models can be used in the implementation of the Digital Twin Ocean and can improve the decision-making capacity under the MFSD.

Published
2022
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