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Infertility affects millions worldwide and use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) is in high demand.To investigate whether women that underwent ART at our hospital had a higher incidence of GDM than women who conceived spontaneously, if the ART subtype affects the GDM rate and to study obstetrical outcomes in women with GDM in both groups.This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of singleton pregnancies attended at Hospital Universitari Dexeus between 2008 and 2019. Age18 years, pregestational diabetes, metformin prior to pregnancy and multiple pregnancies were excluded.A total of 29,529 patients were included. Pregnancy was achieved by ART in 2596 (8.8%): in vitro fertilisation (IVF/ICSI) 32.8%, frozen embryo transfer (FET) 37.7%, oocyte donor receptors (ODR) 17.2% and insemination 12.2%. The GDM rate was 8.9% (12.7% in ART vs 8.5% in non-ART, p0.001). The GDM was 11.2% in IVF/ICSI, 17.7% in ODR, 13% in FET and 9.1% in the insemination group (p=0.001). In a multivariable analysis adjusting for age, parity and BMI, ART was not associated with GDM [OR 1.03 (0.90-1.19)], nor was type of ART. Pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients were similar in both groups except for C-section rates (30.0% in ART vs 15.9% in non-ART (p0.001).Despite a higher prevalence of GDM in ART pregnancies, ART was not associated with an increased risk of GDM when adjusting for age, parity and BMI. The prognosis of GDM in ART and non-ART was similar except for C-section rates.

Soft fruits are appreciated for their taste qualities and for being a source of health-promoting compounds. However, their postharvest is affected by their high respiratory rates and susceptibility to fungal decay. Our aim here is to provide a perspective on the application of short-term high-CO2 treatments at a low temperature to maintain the postharvest quality of soft fruits. This work also suggests using a multi-omics approach to better understand the role of the cell wall and phenolic compounds in maintaining quality. Finally, the contribution of high-throughput transcriptomic technologies to understand the mechanisms modulated by the short-term gaseous treatments is also highlighted., This work was supported by CICYT Project PID2020-113965RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.

Accurate quantification of photovoltaic (PV) system degradation rate (RD) is essential for lifetime yield predictions. Although RD is a critical parameter, its estimation lacks a standardized methodology that can be applied on outdoor field data. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of time period duration and missing data on RD by analyzing the performance of different techniques applied to synthetic PV system data at different linear RD patterns and known noise conditions. The analysis includes the application of different techniques to a 10-year synthetic dataset of a crystalline Silicon PV system, with emulated degradation levels and imputed missing data. The analysis demonstrated that the accuracy of ordinary least squares (OLS), year-on-year (YOY), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and robust principal component analysis (RPCA) techniques is affected by the evaluation duration with all techniques converging to lower RD deviations over the 10-year evaluation, apart from RPCA at high degradation levels. Moreover, the estimated RD is strongly affected by the amount of missing data. Filtering out the corrupted data yielded more accurate RD results for all techniques. It is proven that the application of a change-point detection stage is necessary and guidelines for accurate RD estimation are provided.

IntroductionPrevious studies demonstrated that the implementation of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline-based bundle, consisting of different supportive measures in patients at high risk for acute kidney injury (AKI), might reduce rate and severity of AKI after surgery. However, the effects of the care bundle in broader population of patients undergoing surgery require confirmation.Methods and analysisThe BigpAK-2 trial is an international, randomised, controlled, multicentre trial. The trial aims to enrol 1302 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the intensive care or high dependency unit and are at high-risk for postoperative AKI as identified by urinary biomarkers (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2*insulin like growth factor binding protein 7 (TIMP-2)*IGFBP7)). Eligible patients will be randomised to receive either standard of care (control) or a KDIGO-based AKI care bundle (intervention). The primary endpoint is the incidence of moderate or severe AKI (stage 2 or 3) within 72 hours after surgery, according to the KDIGO 2012 criteria. Secondary endpoints include adherence to the KDIGO care bundle, occurrence and severity of any stage of AKI, change in biomarker values during 12 hours after initial measurement of (TIMP-2)*(IGFBP7), number of free days of mechanical ventilation and vasopressors, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), duration of RRT, renal recovery, 30-day and 60-day mortality, intensive care unit length-of-stay and hospital length-of-stay and major adverse kidney events. An add-on study will investigate blood and urine samples from recruited patients for immunological functions and kidney damage.Ethics and disseminationThe BigpAK-2 trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Münster and subsequently by the corresponding Ethics Committee of the participating sites. A study amendment was approved subsequently. In the UK, the trial was adopted as an NIHR portfolio study. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and will guide patient care and further research.Trial registration numberNCT04647396.

La Inteligencia Artificial, al igual que otras tecnologías disruptivas, son hoy un espacio de innovación para la educación en época del COVID. Este estudio tributo al proyecto de investigación de la universidad estatal del sur de Manabí: la enseñanza constructivista sustentado en la inteligencia artificial. Determinar el enfrentamiento de alumnos y profesores, las clases de Educación Física en aislamiento. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en 7 profesores y 28 estudiantes, se manejaron algunas variables: metodología física del trabajo de educación a distancia, situación de aislamiento pandémico. 75% estudiantes señalaron la eficiencia de las capsulas educativas más didáctica que las guías educativas, el 100 % profesores el refieren lo difícil de la utilización de las clases online, pero a la vez son muy motivadoras. Las educaciones físicas virtuales se han convertido en herramientas eficaces que pueden contribuir a la calidad de vida de las personas aisladas.

Severe hypercholesterolaemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor. Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Given the high prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia in Andalusia, the development of a screening strategy for its detection in Primary Care may be an efficient measure. Objective To identify patients in Primary Care with severe hypercholesterolaemia that may increase their cardiovascular risk by reviewing LDL-cholesterol results in computerised laboratory systems. Material and methods Observational, retrospective, multi-centre study in 16 hospitals in Andalusia and Ceuta. Anonymous analytical data were acquired from the different laboratory computer systems for the year 2018, and exclusively from Macarena Hospital for the year 2019. Results From a total of 1,969,035 determinations on ≥18 years old, 2791 patients (0.14%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol >250 mg/dl and from a total of 2.327.211 determinations studied in children under 18 years old, 3804 patients (0.16%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol >135 mg/dl. The highest incidence of possible genetic hypercholesterolaemia in adults corresponded to the province of Seville with 23.6 cases/1000 determinations, while in minors, the highest incidence corresponded to the province of Cadiz with 75 possible cases/1000 determinations. A geographical triangle of greater prevalence is observed between the provinces of Seville, Huelva and Cadiz. Conclusions The development of a screening strategy using a computerised review of LDL-cholesterol in Primary Care detects a large number of subjects with severe hypercholesterolaemia that could benefit from an early intervention.

Resumen La hipercolesterolemia severa es un importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Su deteccion precoz y tratamiento puede reducir la incidencia de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Dada la alta prevalencia de hipercolesterolemia en Andalucia, el desarrollo de una estrategia oportunista para su deteccion en atencion primaria puede ser una medida eficiente. Objetivo Identificar pacientes en atencion primaria con hipercolesterolemias severas que puedan incrementar su riesgo cardiovascular mediante una consulta del colesterol- LDL al sistema informatico de laboratorio. Material y metodos Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, multicentrico, en 16 hospitales de Andalucia y Ceuta. Se adquirieron datos analiticos anonimizados de los diferentes sistemas informaticos de laboratorio del ano 2018 y exclusivamente del Hospital Virgen Macarena para el ano 2019. Resultados De un total de 1.969.035 determinaciones ≥ 18 anos se detectaron 2.791 pacientes (0,14%) con colesterol-LDL > 250 mg/dl, y en menores de 18 anos, sobre un total de 2.327.211 determinaciones estudiadas, se detectaron 3.804 pacientes (0,16%) con colesterol-LDL > 135 mg/dl. La mayor incidencia de posibles hipercolesterolemias geneticas en adultos correspondio a la provincia Sevilla con 23,6 casos/1.000 determinaciones, mientras que en menores la mayor incidencia correspondio a la provincia de Cadiz, con 75 posibles casos/1.000 determinaciones. Se observa un triangulo geografico de mayor prevalencia entre las provincias de Sevilla, Huelva y Cadiz. Conclusiones El desarrollo de una estrategia oportunista mediante consulta informatica del colesterol-LDL en atencion primaria detecta un gran numero de sujetos con hipercolesterolemias severas que se podrian beneficiar de una intervencion precoz.

This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochemical and Molecular Approaches to Postharvest Research., Short-term gaseous treatments improve rachis quality during table grape postharvest, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. In this work, we observed that the application of a 3-day CO2 treatment at 0 °C improved rachis browning of Superior Seedless and Red Globe bunches, affecting the non-enzymatic antioxidant system by reducing the total phenolic content, the antioxidant activity and the expression of different stilbene synthase genes. Lipid peroxidation levels revealed lower oxidative stress in CO2-treated rachis of both cultivars linked to the activation of the enzymatic antioxidant system. Furthermore, whereas a positive correlation was denoted between rachis browning and the accumulation of key ABA regulatory genes in Red Globe bunches, this effect was restricted to ACS1, a key synthetic ethylene gene, in Superior Seedless clusters. This work also corroborated the important role of ethylene-responsive factors in the beneficial effect of the gaseous treatment, not only in the berries but also in the rachis. Finally, the application of the gaseous treatment avoided the induction of cell wall-degrading enzyme-related genes in both cultivars, which could favor the maintenance of rachis quality. This work provides new insight into specific responses modulated by the gaseous treatment focused on mitigating rachis browning independently of the cultivar., This work was supported by CICYT projects AGL2017-85291-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE) and PID2020-113965RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.

Soft fruits are appreciated for their taste qualities and for being a source of health-promoting compounds. However, their postharvest is affected by their high respiratory rates and susceptibility to fungal decay. Our aim here is to provide a perspective on the application of short-term high-CO

La presente investigación propone un análisis al rol de las tecnologías de información y comunicación, su visión de progreso y asociación con la finalidad de fomentar el desarrollo a partir de los llamados estudios de ciencia y tecnología e involucrando al entorno social como ente de crecimiento global a través del recurso tecnológico. Empleando un tipo de estudio exploratorio donde se determinaron resultados cuantitativos que demuestran mediante el uso de la tecnología su aplicación para el desarrollo de la investigación científica en Ecuador, resaltando que las tecnologías de la información se entiende como construcción de conocimiento científico y social para un país. Dicho enfoque permitió conocer los elementos centrales que deben tomarse en cuenta a la hora de indagar sobre el rol de las de las tecnologías de información y comunicación para el desarrollo ecuatoriano.

Dehydrins, a family of hydrophilic and intrinsically disordered proteins, are a subgroup of late embryogenesis abundant proteins that perform different protective roles in plants. Although the transition from a disordered to an ordered state has been associated with dehydrin function or interactions with specific partner molecules, the question of how the primary and secondary dehydrin protein structure is related to specific functions or target molecule preferences remains unresolved. This work addresses the in silico sequencing analysis and in vitro functional characterization of two dehydrin isoforms, VviDHN2 and VviDHN4, from Vitis vinifera. Conformational changes suggest potential interactions with a broad range of molecules and could point to more than one function. The in silico analysis showed differences in conserved segments, specific amino acid binding sequences, heterogeneity of structural properties and predicted sites accessible for various post-translational modifications between the sequence of both dehydrins. Moreover, in vitro functional analysis revealed that although they both showed slight antifungal activity, only VviDHN4 acts as a molecular shield that protects proteins from freezing and dehydration. VviDHN4 also demonstrated high potential as a chaperone and reactive oxygen species scavenger, in addition to presenting antifreeze activity, all of which confirms its multifunctional nature. Our findings highlight the significant role of Y-segments and the differential and specific amino acid composition of less conserved segments that are rich in polar/charged residues between S- and K-segments, coupled with post-translational modifications, in modulating and switching dehydrin biological function., This research was financed by the CICYT Spanish Projects AGL 2014-53081-R (MINECO) and AGL 2017-85291-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE). M. Vazquez-Hernandez acknowledges the support of the FPI program financed by the MICINN.

The application of one or two short-term treatments with high levels of CO2 during 3 days at 0 °C maintained the quality of Autumn Royal table grapes (Vitis vinifera) during storage at 0 °C. We have analyzed how the application of a 3-day gaseous treatment, for one or two times at 0 °C, influences on common (VviPAL, VviCHS, VviCHI, VviF3′H, VviF3′5′H, VviF3H and VviLDOX) and branch-specific (VviFLS1, VviLAR1, VviLAR2, VviANR and VviUFGT) flavonoid gene expression in the skin of Autumn Royal table grapes. Likewise, the content of flavonols, flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins were identified with Q-TOF equipment and quantified by HPLC-quadrupole together with the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity by the ABTS and FRAP methods. Moreover, we have also used a solid-state voltammetry methodology to compare the effect of the application of one or two gaseous treatments in the skin of table grapes stored at 0 °C. Results revealed that the application of one or two gaseous treatments modulated the expression of flavonoid gene expression and the levels of catechin, in the case of one application, or quercetin-3-glucoside and five anthocyanins in fruit treated twice, maintaining their levels after 28 days of storage at 0 °C similar to those recorded in freshly harvested fruit. Satisfactorily, the electrochemical approach was useful to distinguish between treated and non-treated samples not only in the first stage of storage but also after 16 days., This work was supported by the spanish CICYT projects AGL2014-53081-R and AGL2017-85291-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE). I. Domínguez thanks the University of Almeria for the Hipatia postdoctoral contract.

Artificial thermal shock conducted on 50 soil samples from a semi-arid geographic region (Catamarca and La Rioja provinces) in northern Argentina yielded 34 heat-resistant fungal strains. These strains were assigned to seventeen taxa in ten ascomycete genera: Arthrinium (1), Aspergillus (3), Epicoccum (1), Gilmaniella (1), Hamigera (2), Leiothecium (1), Penicillium (2), Talaromyces (4), Trichocladium (1), and Trichoderma (1). All strains were identified by phenotypic features, with molecular data additionally obtained for eleven strains. Five species are reported for the first time in Argentina.

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo la implementación de una plataforma de negocio por internet para el fortalecimiento económico y competitivo en la asociación de apicultores "Aroma & Miel"en el recinto Quimis del cantón Jipijapa – Provincia de Manabí. La importancia de crear esta plataforma fue que constituyó una solución tecnológica, que permitió canalizar en forma efectiva y oportuna, la comercialización de los productos de los apicultores, aplicando técnicas de marketing apropiadas. La investigación está dividida en dos tipos: descriptiva, en la cual se aplicó un cuestionario a socios pertenecientes a la asociación de apicultores "Aroma & Miel" Documental por el apoyo mediante medios electrónicos y bibliográficos. En la investigación se utilizaron métodos científicos como: análisis – síntesis, histórico – lógico, observación, encuestas y estadístico – matemático. Los resultados determinaron que la plataforma es una herramienta sofisticada y sustentable que ha permitido potenciar la factibilidad de este proyecto en el ámbito comercial y tecnológico, aportando de forma significativa al desarrollo económico, competitivo y emprendedor, con la demanda de ventas de productos apícolas. Se concluye que la implementación de la plataforma de negocios provocó un gran impacto tecnológico, económico, competitivo y emprendedor a todos los habitantes de la zona, beneficiando directamente a más de cien familias, se evidencia la mejora en su economía y calidad de vida de acuerdo a lo que menciona el plan nacional de buen vivir. Es recomendable, que los productores del sector implementen la plataforma para establecer el negocio a través del Internet.

This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Analysis of Medicago Spp., Medicago truncatula is a forage crop of choice for farmers, and it is a model species for molecular research. The growth and development and subsequent yields are limited by water availability mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. Our study aims to evaluate the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to water deficit stress in four lines (TN6.18, JA17, TN1.11 and A10) of M. truncatula. The results showed that the treatment factor explained the majority of the variation for the measured traits. It appeared that the line A10 was the most sensitive and therefore adversely affected by water deficit stress, which reduced its growth and yield parameters, whereas the tolerant line TN6.18 exhibited the highest root biomass production, a significantly higher increase in its total protein and soluble sugar contents, and lower levels of lipid peroxidation with greater cell membrane integrity. The expression analysis of the DREB1B gene using RT-qPCR revealed a tissue-differential expression in the four lines under osmotic stress, with a higher induction rate in roots of TN6.18 and JA17 than in A10 roots, suggesting a key role for DREB1B in water deficit tolerance in M. truncatula., This study was supported by the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (CBBC02 LR15) and the National Research Foundation of South Africa (GUN 95358) in the framework of the Tunisian-South African Joint Research Collaboration Program (2016–2017).

A study was performed on a collection of 84 isolates from decaying plant tissues and soils in Argentina previously identified as

This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Transcriptional Regulation in Crops during Postharvest., Despite the fact that many studies have examined the effectiveness of different gaseous postharvest treatments applied at low temperature to maintain table grape quality, the use of ethanol vapor has hardly been investigated. Thus, this work has studied the effectiveness of ethanol vapor-generating sachets in the maintenance of It 681–30 table grape quality, a new cultivar, during storage at low temperature and after the shelf-life period at 20 °C. To this end, various quality assessments have been carried out and the effect of the ethanol treatment on the expression of different genes (phenylpropanoids, transcription factors, PRs, and aquaporins) was determined. The results indicated that the application of ethanol vapor reduced the total decay incidence, weight loss, and the rachis browning index in It 681–30 grapes stored at 0 °C and after the shelf-life period at 20 °C, as compared to non-treated samples. Moreover, the modulation of STS7 and the different PR genes analyzed seems to play a part in the molecular mechanisms activated to cope with fungal attacks during the postharvest of It 681–30 grapes, and particularly during the shelf-life period at 20 °C. Furthermore, the expression of aquaporin transcripts was activated in samples showing higher weight loss. Although further work is needed to elucidate the role of ethanol in table grape quality, the results obtained in this work provide new insight into the transcriptional regulation triggered by ethanol treatment., This work was supported by CICYT projects AGL2014-53081-R and AGL2017-85291-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE).

In most available analyses of the annual degradation rate (RD, in %/year) of thin film PV (TFPV), light-induced degradation is not separated from long-term degradation and degradation linearity is virtually not explored. A study on the performance loss of various TFPV technologies in Jaen (Spain) is presented with a double goal: (a) providing more reliable values of RD by avoiding the approaches above and (b) assessing the suitability of some performance metrics and statistical techniques intended to estimate RD, depending on PV degradation linearity. Thus, monthly time series were constructed with PR DC, temperature-corrected PR DC and experimental peak power for two grid-connected TFPV technologies -a-Si and a-Si/µc-Si- and four TFPV modules -a-Si, a-Si/µc-Si, CdTe and CIGS- tested outdoors over a five-and-a-half-year and a six-and-a-half-year period, respectively. Classical seasonal decomposition (CSD) and Year-on-Year (YOY) statistical techniques were subsequently employed. The confidence intervals of RD found for the a-Si and a-Si/µc-Si PV fields overlap for CSD and YOY over the five-and-a-half-year measurement period and its sub-periods analysed, with RD ∼ 1.3%/year. This holds for the three performance metrics under scrutiny, a fact that is attributable to the closely linear degradation experienced by both PV fields. Mainly due to nonlinearities, CSD applied to any of the three performance metrics for the four TFPV modules fails to provide reliable values of RD. However, the values of RD obtained by applying YOY to such performance metrics for the aforementioned four TFPV modules over the five-and-a-half-year measurement period and its sub-periods studied are within the uncertainty range.

A study was performed on a collection of 84 isolates from decaying plant tissues and soils in Argentina previously identified as Trichoderma harzianum. Based on multiple phenotypic characters and multilocus phylogenetic analyses, 10 species were distinguished, three of which are described as new species: T. austroindianum, T. hortense, and T. syagri. Among the remaining seven identified species, the following five can be added to the Argentine mycobiota: T. afarasin, T. afroharzianum, T. endophyticum, T. guizhouense, and T. neotropicale. Trichoderma afroharzianum and T. endophyticum were the most frequent species found in the samples. In addition, a collection of isolates previously identified as T. harzianum with antagonistic abilities were reidentified as T. afroharzianum, thus highlighting the importance of correct identification of biocontrol species. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria/[2019-PD-E4-I069-001]/INTA/Argentina Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación/[PICT2018-4436]/ANPCyT/Argentina UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Analysis of Medicago Spp., We used an integrated morpho-physiological, biochemical, and genetic approach to investigate the salt responses of four lines (TN1.11, TN6.18, JA17, and A10) of Medicago truncatula. Results showed that TN1.11 exhibited a high tolerance to salinity, compared with the other lines, recording a salinity induced an increase in soluble sugars and soluble proteins, a slight decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and less reduction in plant biomass. TN6.18 was the most susceptible to salinity as it showed less plant weight, had elevated levels of MDA, and lower levels of soluble sugars and soluble proteins under salt stress. As transcription factors of the APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) family play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, we performed a functional characterization of MtERF1 gene. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that MtERF1 is mainly expressed in roots and is inducible by NaCl and low temperature. Additionally, under salt stress, a greater increase in the expression of MtERF1 was found in TN1.11 plants than that in TN6.18. Therefore, the MtERF1 pattern of expression may provide a useful marker for discriminating among lines of M. truncatula and can be used as a tool in breeding programs aiming at obtaining Medicago lines with improved salt tolerance., This study was supported by the Tunisian–South African project (2016–2017) and the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (CBBC02 LR15).

Within the myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) species, different genotypes may produce dark-blue berries or white berries depending on the peel color upon ripening. One dark-blue cultivar and one white myrtle cultivar were used to study the molecular mechanisms underlying flavonoid biosynthesis. The relative expression levels of common (PAL, CHS, CHI, DFR and LDOX) and specific (FLS, ANR, LAR and UFGT) flavonoid genes were analyzed during fruit development by means of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Moreover, the anthocyanin content was determined, and it showed an increase with the ripening of the berries of the dark-blue cultivar. The results showed an increased transcript abundance of PAL, CHI, DFR, LDOX and UFGT gene expression in the dark-blue cultivar compared to the white one, as well as a strong positive correlation between the changes in gene expression and anthocyanin accumulation. The transcript levels of UFGT showed sharp increases at 150 and 180 days after full blooming (DAF) in the dark-blue cultivar, which corresponded with anthocyanin accumulation. However, ripening seemed to modulate the expression of genes implicated in flavonols (i.e., FLS) and flavan-3-ols (i.e., LAR and ANR) in different manners. However, whereas FLS transcript accumulation increased at the end of the ripening period in the dark-blue cultivar, LAR and ANR gene expression decreased in both cultivars.

Severe hypercholesterolaemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor. Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Given the high prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia in Andalusia, the development of a screening strategy for its detection in Primary Care may be an efficient measure.To identify patients in Primary Care with severe hypercholesterolaemia that may increase their cardiovascular risk by reviewing LDL-cholesterol results in computerised laboratory systems.Observational, retrospective, multi-centre study in 16 hospitals in Andalusia and Ceuta. Anonymous analytical data were acquired from the different laboratory computer systems for the year 2018, and exclusively from Macarena Hospital for the year 2019.From a total of 1,969,035 determinations on≥18 years old, 2,791 patients (0.14%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol250mg/dl and from a total of 2.327.211 determinations studied in children under 18 years old, 3,804 patients (0.16%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol135mg/dL. The highest incidence of possible genetic hypercholesterolaemia in adults corresponded to the province of Seville with 23.6 cases/1,000 determinations, while in minors, the highest incidence corresponded to the province of Cadiz with 75 possible cases/1,000 determinations. A geographical triangle of greater prevalence is observed between the provinces of Seville, Huelva and Cadiz.The development of a screening strategy using a computerised review of LDL-cholesterol in Primary Care detects a large number of subjects with severe hypercholesterolaemia that could benefit from an early intervention.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar un prototipo tecnológico de gafas electrónicas que le permite a las personas no videntes a movilizarse en el entorno que los rodea, el cual les evita accidentes. La importancia de este proyecto consta en darles una calidad de vida a las personas no videntes, con el cumplimiento de los objetivos planteado se desarrolló este estratégico prototipo, en el que se detalla las funciones y característica técnicas de los diferentes componentes electrónicos que se utilizaron. Se realizó un análisis de la movilidad de las personas no videntes al momento de desplazarse de un lugar a otro, en el cual se detectaron dificultades que no les permitieron la movilidad. Se utilizaron métodos de investigación científica como, Historio-lógico, inducción-deducción, encuestas, observación y estadístico –matemático, permitieron las pautas necesarias para el proceso del estudio y el desarrollo de unas series de preguntas que se basa en encuestas y entrevistas que son primordiales para la validación de la investigación. Los resultados manifestaron los cambios significativos que se producen en la vida de las personas no videntes al utilizar las gafas electrónicas que responden a sus necesidades y disminuye los accidentes por los diferentes obstáculos, les brinda confianza para desplazarse independientemente, lo que los motiva a utilizarlas diariamente. Se concluyó con la implementación de un prototipo de gafas electrónicas con el sistema de comunicación electrónico, permite detectar obstáculos que provocan accidentes, de esta forma el usuario tiene confianza y comodidad.

En todo el mundo, el crecimiento demografico y la expansion economica estan incrementando la presion sobre los recursos de agua dulce, un fenomeno que se agrava ahora cada vez mas a causa del cambio climatico. Este recurso natural es fundamental para la produccion agricola, y su creciente escasez —que probablemente se intensificara en un contexto de cambio climatico—, tiene implicaciones muy importantes que pone a prueba la capacidad de la humanidad para alimentarse. Al mismo tiempo, tambien aumentara el consumo del recurso en las ciudades y la industria: asi, mientras que actualmente la agricultura supone el 70% del consumo de agua dulce en todo el mundo, el crecimiento de al menos un 50% esperado en la demanda de alimentos incrementara a su vez las necesidades hidricas del sector agricola. Frente a este panorama, el mayor uso de fuentes alternativas y no convencionales de agua, incluyendo los efluentes urbanos e industriales y la escorrentia superficial, surge como una valiosa alternativa, siempre que el agua sea tratada de forma adecuada. Las aguas residuales, particularmente, ademas de ayudar a hacer frente a la escasez de agua, tienen a menudo una elevada carga de nutrientes, por lo que en teoria serian un buen fertilizante. “Cuando se utilizan y manejan con seguridad para evitar riesgos para la salud y el medio ambiente, las aguas residuales pueden dejar de ser un problema Introduccion y convertirse en un activo” (FAO De Souza). Es asi como lo que antes se consideraba un problema, esto es, los vertimientos liquidos urbanos e industriales, ahora sea visto como una opcion frente a la escasez de agua. Las aguas residuales pueden usarse de manera segura para la produccion agricola directamente mediante el riego o indirectamente mediante la recarga de acuiferos, pero hacerlo requiere de investigacion y gestion diligente de los riesgos sanitarios a traves de un tratamiento adecuado o un uso apropiado. Con esta premisa en mente, en esta publicacion se presentan en forma resumida algunas de las experiencias realizadas dentro del marco del convenio entre Agrosavia y Ecopetrol que tiene como objetivo “aunar esfuerzos tecnicos, cientificos, operativos y financieros para el desarrollo de la investigacion sobre el uso y manejo integral de las aguas asociadas a la produccion de hidrocarburos en sistemas agropecuarios del area de influencia de Ecopetrol”.

Sucrose is a key player in strawberry metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sucrose status in strawberries during later ripening stages and postharvest storage remains quite limited. Therefore, we identified members of various gene families encoding key enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism, analyzed their expression profiles and determined the sugar content in strawberries at different ripening stages and postharvest treatments. Three different ripening stages around harvest time, almost red (AR), full red (FR) and dark red (DR) were analyzed, as well as after pre-treatment with high CO2 levels (18 % CO2, 2 d) during low temperature (LT) storage and further shelf-life at 20 °C. The accumulation of sucrose, hexoses, trehalose, myo-inositol, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) was analyzed. Our results indicate that the transition from FR to DR stages was characterized by a prominent accumulation of hexoses, sucrose and a sharp decrease in the levels of FOS. We therefore suggest that FOS, in addition to their protective role in stressful conditions, are also important metabolic signals of the end of ripening process. The highest levels of RFOs was detected in strawberries at LT in air, making them a possible marker of damage, an idea reinforced too by the low RFOs and high myo-inositol quantities found in high CO2 protective treatment. Interestingly, the sucrose accumulation in fully ripe strawberries and in high CO2-treated ones was linked to a significant decrease in the expression of FvVIN2 (vacuolar invertase), an opposite trend to that observed in fruit stored in air. Furthermore, high levels of CO2 prevented both the upregulation of FvSS1 and the sharp increase in the expression of FvCWINV1 observed at low temperature in air. The efficiency of high CO2 pre-treatment on sucrose accumulation was particularly evident during the shelf-life period at 20 °C (SL) after LT storage. Our study provides new insights into how strawberries become sweet by retaining sucrose content. Additionally, our results clearly highlight the need to specify the sugar status at harvest to know the effectiveness of a treatment in maintaining quality attributes., This work was supported by the spanish CICYT project AGL2017-85291-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE).

Wild tomato species represent a rich gene pool for numerous desirable traits lost during domestication. Here, we exploited an introgression population representing wild desert-adapted species and a domesticated cultivar to establish the genetic basis of gene expression and chemical variation accompanying the transfer of wild-species-associated fruit traits. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of 580 lines coupled to pathogen sensitivity assays resulted in the identification of genomic loci associated with levels of hundreds of transcripts and metabolites. These associations occurred in hotspots representing coordinated perturbation of metabolic pathways and ripening-related processes. Here, we identify components of the Solanum alkaloid pathway, as well as genes and metabolites involved in pathogen defense and linking fungal resistance with changes in the fruit ripening regulatory network. Our results outline a framework for understanding metabolism and pathogen resistance during tomato fruit ripening and provide insights into key fruit quality traits., This project has received funding from the European Research Council (grant agreement 204575-SAMIT), EU Framework Program FP7/2007–2013 (grant agreement 613692-TriForC) and the Israel Science Foundation (grant number 1805/15). We thank the Adelis Foundation, Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, Jeanne and Joseph Nissim Foundation for Life Sciences, Tom and Sondra Rykoff Family Foundation Research and Raymond Burton Plant Genome Research Fund for supporting A.A.’s laboratory activity. A.K. is thankful for a short-term EMBO fellowship (EMBO-ASTF-146-2014).

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are expressed on the surface of nucleated cells and present peptides derived from endogenous proteins to CD8+ T lymphocytes. In tumor cells, MHC-I molecules may present peptides derived from tumor-associated antigens, which are new proteins expressed or overexpressed in tumor cells. Presentation of these new peptides may allow recognition and destruction of tumor cells by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Loss of MHC-I expression on tumor cells is a widespread and frequent mechanism developed to escape from immunosurveillance. Alteration in MHC-I in both human and murine experimental tumors has been widely reported. This chapter summarizes the role of MHC class I expression on cancer cells in tumor and metastatic progression, as well as its effect on the outcome of immunotherapy in murine experimental tumors. Results were obtained from different tumor clones derived from a fibrosarcoma induced by methylcholanthrene in BALB/c mice, in addition to spontaneous metastases derived from these tumor clones, during more than 30 years of study on murine cancer model GR9. In this tumor model, results show an inverse correlation between MHC-I expression on tumor cells and primary tumor growth, i.e., MHC-I-negative tumors grew more rapidly compared to MHC-I-positive tumors. In contrast, a direct correlation was found between MHC-I expression on primary tumors and spontaneous metastatic capacity. Immunotherapy as an antimetastatic treatment was completely effective against MHC-I highly positive tumors and was partially effective on tumors with intermediate level of MHC-I expression.

New records of Micropeltidaceae are reported on leaves of Podocarpus parlatorei leaves in the Yungas, Argentina. A new variety, Micropeltis albomarginata var. macrospora is proposed. Dictyopeltis applanata is recorded for the first time in Argentina. Descriptions, illustrations, data on geographical distribution, habitat, and notes are provided. Se reportan nuevos registros de Micropeltidaceae sobre hojas de Podocarpus parlatorei en las Yungas, Argentina. Se propone una nueva variedad, Micropeltis albomarginata var. macrospora. Se registra por primera vez para la Argentina a Dictyopeltis applanata. Se proporcionan descripciones, ilustraciones, datos de distribución geográfica y hábitat. Fil: Gallo, María Cecilia Fátima. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; Argentina Fil: Romero, Andrea Irene. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Micología y Botánica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Micología y Botánica; Argentina Fil: Catania, Myriam del Valle. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Botánica; Argentina