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This paper is devoted to the investigation of functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (FGNPs) samples. Synthesis of FGNPs was carried out through oxidative chlorophosphorylation (OxCh) reaction, i.e. reaction of graphite with PCl3 in the presence of oxygen under different conditions. For this, the reaction of graphite with PCl3 in the presence of oxygen was carried out separately both at a temperature of 65∘C and at room temperature in a CCl4 medium and at a temperature of 65∘C in a CCl4 medium. The FGNPs samples obtained by this method were named FGNPs1, FGNPs2, and FGNPs3, respectively. FGNPs1, FGNPs2, and FGNPs3 were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Visible) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis methods. The results of FTIR spectroscopy showed that all FGNPs samples contain phosphonate groups. Based on the UV–Vis spectroscopy, the optical band gap of the samples was calculated and compared with pristine graphite. It has been established that the width of the optical bands of FGNPs1 (1.17[Formula: see text]eV), FGNPs2 (1.22[Formula: see text]eV), and FGNPs3 (1.24[Formula: see text]eV) is wider than that of the pristine graphite (1.04[Formula: see text]eV). Based on the XRD analysis, it was determined that the functionalization causes a change in the crystal lattice parameters of graphite. Based on the XRD analysis, it was determined that the functionalization causes a change in the crystal lattice parameters of graphite and FGNPs samples (number of graphene layers: [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]) to consist of fewer graphene layers than graphite ([Formula: see text]).

In the present study, the new phosphorylated polymer has been synthesised via chemical modification of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The successful modification of the polymer and the presence of...

Functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (FGNPs) were synthesized through oxidative chlorophosphorylation (OxCh) reaction of graphite and subsequent hydrolysis of obtained chlorophosphonated graphite. Then FGNPs were used as a nanoscale filler to fabricate FGNPs/modified polybutadiene (MPB) hybrid composite (FGNPs/MPB). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy found that FGNPs have phosphonate functional groups and FGNPs/MPB has phosphonate and phosphate functional groups. X-ray diffraction showed that the thickness of FGNPs is 13.53 nm and the number of their layers is equal to 40, which are less than graphite’s thickness (37.08) and layers (111). FGNPs show high conductivity and dielectric permittivity than graphite, while FGNPs/MPB has improved electric properties than MPB without filler. Thermal properties of FGNPs/MPB also improve due to the fact that FGNPs achieve a high degree of dispersion with less agglomeration. As observed in the scanning electron microscope images, FGNPs/MPB displays a two-phase morphology with an MPB continuous phase and a dispersed FGNPs phase.

Surface functionalization is an important chemical task that allows to manipulate graphite’s physical and chemical properties. It helps improve graphite’s processability, giving it new prop...

Here is reported the synthesis of o-phenylenediamine functionalized graphite (OPDFG) using the phosphorus trichloride surface modified graphite (PCl3-SMG) and the o-phenylenediamine (OPD). PCl3-SMG was obtained via chlorophosphorylation of graphite for the study. PCl3-SMG and OPDFG were analyzed using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). UV-Vis analysis shows that OPDFG have higher absorbance than graphite and PCl3-SMG. According to FTIR analysis, PCl3-SMG has –PCl2 functional groups, which shows that PCl3 reacts with sp2 C-H groups on graphite's edge planes during the formation of PCl3-SMG. Synthesis of OPDFG can be explained by a replacement reaction of amine groups of OPD with –PCl2 groups. XRD data show that after modification of graphite with PCl3 and after amine treatment of PCl3-SMG, crystallite sizes of PCl3-SMG and OPDFG decrease. SEM analysis shows that both PCl3-S...

Here is reported the adsorption of rhodamine 6G from aqueous solution using a phosphorus-containing polybutadiene rubber–bentonite hybrid composite. The polybutadiene rubber–bentonite hybrid composite was synthesized via oxidative chlorophosphorylation of polybutadiene rubber and bentonite with subsequent hydrolysis. The static exchange capacity of the polybutadiene rubber–bentonite hybrid composite and the concentration of phosphorus were evaluated. The functional groups present in the polybutadiene rubber–bentonite hybrid composite were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption of rhodamine 6G on the polybutadiene rubber–bentonite hybrid composite was investigated on the basis of initial rhodamine 6G concentration, contact time, and temperature. The equilibrium isotherm was analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. The adsorption equilibrium measurements of rhodamine 6G in solution correlated well with the Langmuir isotherm equation. This model revealed t...