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Background: Many protective proteins, including lactoferrin and heavy chain antibodies, are present in camel colostrum, giving it a distinctive composition. Beyond a broad spectrum of pathogens, these proteins demonstrate antibacterial properties. Aim: The current research assessed the prophylactic properties of camel colostrum against Escherichia coli F17. Methods: A microbroth dilution method was employed to assess the efficacy of camel colostrum, whereas a crystal violet assay was utilized to determine its antibiofilm potential. Extracellular deoxyribonuclease acid (eDNA) release, swarming, and swimming motilities were also examined. Results: Showed that camel colostrum significantly reduced E. coli-F17 growth by 70% and above at different incubation periods (6-24 hours). The rate of cell attachment gradually decreased from approximately 40% to 24% as the concentration increased from 12.5 to 50 mg/ml. E. coli-F17 developed a biofilm at a rate of 54.8% when exposed to 50 mg/ml of camel colostrum. In contrast, the greatest level of biofilm formation against the tested bacteria (94%) was observed at a concentration of 1.5 mg/ml. A halo zone of camel colostrum ranging from 10 to less than 30 mm at concentrations between 6 and 50 mg/ml also inhibited swimming and swarming capabilities. The treated cells yielded no eDNA. Conclusion: According to these results, camel colostrum inhibits the growth of E. coli-F17 by impeding the swarming and swimming motilities, and biofilm formation. Additionally, camel colostrum incubation with E. coli-F17 diminishes eDNA. To evaluate the potential protective effects of camel colostrum in an animal model, additional research is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The intricate design of human anatomy reveals meaningful relationships between various body segments, which are pivotal in resolving disputes and identifying individuals. These correlations, coupled with the pronounced ethnic and geographical diversity among populations, are critical for the accurate determination of identity from unidentified remains. The practice of deducing an individual’s height based on the measurements of the thumb represents a crucial aspect of forensic anthropometry. Methods: The present study was carried out in Government Medical College Srinagar for a period of three months from January 2024 to March 2024. One hundred (50 males; 50 females) healthy individuals between 18-36 years of age and of Kashmiri origin were randomly selected for this study. Height along with thumb (right and left) dimensions was measured and correlation coefficient among these parameters was calculated. Results: Obtained were statistically significant and showed a positive correlation between stature and thumb length. Conclusions: This analysis revealing a positive correlation between an individual’s height and thumb length adds a valuable dimension to forensic anthropology and biometric identification. This correlation can be instrumental in reconstructing personal profiles from partial remains, especially in scenarios where only extremities are available for analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: - The correlation between height and head circumference has been the subject of numerous studies, with researchers aiming to understand how these two measurements relate to each other throughout different stages of life. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: - To study the relationship of human height with human head circumference MATERIAL AND METHODS: - The present study was carried out in Government Medical College Srinagar for a period of three months from January 2024 to March 2024. One hundred (50 males; 50 females) healthy individuals between 18-36 years of age and of Indian origin were randomly selected for this study. RESULTS: - The mean height of males observed was 172.01 ± 7.46 cm. The mean height of females observed was 160.30 ± 5.23 cm. It was observed that height of males was more than the height of females. The mean value of head circumference in males observed was 56.83 ± 2.16 cm. The mean value of head circumference in females observed was 54.90 ± 10.38 cm. It was also observed that there is positive correlation between height and head circumference and this correlation was found statistically significant. CONCLUSION: - Our study showed that there is positive correlation between height and head circumference and this correlation was found statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcinosis cutis is a group of disorders characterized by the deposition of calcium salts in the skin and subcutis. It is divided into four different forms based on the etiology: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic. Idiopathic calcinosis cutis is diagnosed when the other three types have been excluded. We report a case of a 68-year-old female who developed a gradually progressive, hard, nodular swelling in the right iliac region. Clinically it was provisionally diagnosed as a neoplastic lesion. Ultrasound revealed a hyperechoic lesion in the subcutaneous plane, suggestive of a calcified lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed paucicellular smears, showing aggregates of scattered crystalloid amorphous material favoring the possibility of calcinosis cutis, later confirmed on histopathology. Calcific deposits may clinically mimic a tumor. However, cytology can provide a preliminary diagnosis thus assisting the clinician in the accurate management of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Among the blood-borne parasitic infections of dogs, trypanosomosis and babesiosis are highly prevalent in the Indian subcontinent and highly pathogenic. Methods: A six-month-old dog was presented with complaint of lethargy, anorexia and loss of body weight over the previous 15 days on October 11, 2021. A full clinical and targeted haematologic and parasitological examination was undertaken. Results: Wet smears were positive for the motile trypanosomes while stained thin blood smears showed large number of extracellular trypanosomes and intra-erythrocytic ring-like inclusion bodies of Babesia spp. A high burden of Toxocara canis was identified on coprological examination. Conclusion: This report describes the clinical manifestation of concurrent infection of haemoparasites and gastrointestinal nematodes in Pakistani dogs, and highlights the importance of prompt veterinary intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]