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1. A new method of reconstructing images of gamma-ray telescopes applied to the LST-1 of CTAO

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Alispach, C., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Ambrosino, D., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Balbo, M., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Jiménez, L. Barrios, Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bezshyiko, I., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borkowski, G., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Burgo, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iuliano, A., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalashev, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luciani, H., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Méndez-Gallego, J., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeifle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Ruina, A., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Ventura, S., Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Wójtowicz, J., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are used to observe very high-energy photons from the ground. Gamma rays are indirectly detected through the Cherenkov light emitted by the air showers they induce. The new generation of experiments, in particular the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), sets ambitious goals for discoveries of new gamma-ray sources and precise measurements of the already discovered ones. To achieve these goals, both hardware and data analysis must employ cutting-edge techniques. This also applies to the LST-1, the first IACT built for the CTAO, which is currently taking data on the Canary island of La Palma. This paper introduces a new event reconstruction technique for IACT data, aiming to improve the image reconstruction quality and the discrimination between the signal and the background from misidentified hadrons and electrons. The technique models the development of the extensive air shower signal, recorded as a waveform per pixel, seen by CTAO telescopes' cameras. Model parameters are subsequently passed to random forest regressors and classifiers to extract information on the primary particle. The new reconstruction was applied to simulated data and to data from observations of the Crab Nebula performed by the LST-1. The event reconstruction method presented here shows promising performance improvements. The angular and energy resolution, and the sensitivity, are improved by 10 to 20% over most of the energy range. At low energy, improvements reach up to 22%, 47%, and 50%, respectively. A future extension of the method to stereoscopic analysis for telescope arrays will be the next important step., Comment: Accepted in A&A

Published
2024

2. A Robot Kinematics Model Estimation Using Inertial Sensors for On-Site Building Robotics

Author

Sato, Hiroya, Makabe, Tasuku, Yanokura, Iori, Yamaguchi, Naoya, Okada, Kei, and Inaba, Masayuki

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

In order to make robots more useful in a variety of environments, they need to be highly portable so that they can be transported to wherever they are needed, and highly storable so that they can be stored when not in use. We propose "on-site robotics", which uses parts procured at the location where the robot will be active, and propose a new solution to the problem of portability and storability. In this paper, as a proof of concept for on-site robotics, we describe a method for estimating the kinematic model of a robot by using inertial measurement units (IMU) sensor module on rigid links, estimating the relative orientation between modules from angular velocity, and estimating the relative position from the measurement of centrifugal force. At the end of this paper, as an evaluation for this method, we present an experiment in which a robot made up of wooden sticks reaches a target position. In this experiment, even if the combination of the links is changed, the robot is able to reach the target position again immediately after estimation, showing that it can operate even after being reassembled. Our implementation is available on https://github.com/hiroya1224/urdf_estimation_with_imus ., Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication

Published
2024

3. Test results of the optical calibration system for the Large Sized Telescope camera

Author

Iori, M., Ferrarotto, F., Recchia, L., Girardi, A., and Lunadei, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In 2018 the Large Sized Telescope (LST-1) prototype, designed to be the lowest energy detector for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, was inaugurated at the Observatorio de Roque de Los Muchachos in La Palma, Canary Island and today three more are under construction, LST2-4. The LST camera, with 1855 photomultipliers (PMTs), requires precise and regular calibration. The camera calibration system (hereafter CaliBox), installed at the center of the telescope mirror dish, is equipped with a Q-switching 355 nm UV laser corresponding to the wavelength at which the maximum camera PMT quantum efficiency is achieved, a set of filters to guarantee a large dynamic range of photons on each camera pixel, and a Ulbricht sphere to spread uniformly the laser light over the camera plane 28 m away. The system is managed by an ODROID-C1+ single board computer that communicates through an Open Platform Communication Unified Architecture (OPCUA) protocol to the camera. The CaliBox is designed to fulfill the requirements needed for the calibration of the camera including the monitor of the photon flux to guarantee the quality of the CaliBox system of laser stability, uniform illumination and intensity range. In this paper, we present in detail the optical system, the monitor of the photon flux, the relevant electronic to monitor the device. The performance of the device, the photon flux monitoring, the evaluation of the photon flux sent to the camera obtained during tests performed in Laboratory are shown., Comment: 19 pages

Published
2024

4. Development and Implementation of Advanced Beam Diagnostic and Abort Systems in SuperKEKB

Author

Yoshihara, Keisuke, Abe, Tetsuro, Aversano, Michele, Gale, Alexander, Ikeda, Hitomi, Kaji, Hiroshi, Kakuno, Hidekazu, Koga, Taichiro, Iijima, Toru, Kato, Shinnosuke, Kusudo, Ami, Liu, Yuxin, Maeda, Akane, Mitra, Sayan, Mitsuka, Gaku, Miyabayashi, Kenkichi, Nakamura, Isamu, Nakayama, Hiroyuki, Nakazawa, Yu, Nomaru, Riku, Okada, Iori, Shi, Xiao-Dong, Tanaka, Shuji, Uno, Kenta, Ushiroda, Yutaka, Urbschat, Bela, and Zhang, Rui

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The SuperKEKB/Belle II experiment aims to collect high-statistics data of B meson pairs to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). SuperKEKB, an upgraded version of the KEKB accelerator, has achieved a world-record luminosity of $4.71 \times 10^{34} \, \mathrm{cm^{-2}s^{-1}}$ in 2022 but continues to strive for higher luminosities. One of the major obstacles is Sudden Beam Loss (SBL) events, which cause substantial beam losses and damage to the Belle~II detector. To find a hint for addressing SBL challenges, advanced beam diagnostic systems and enhanced beam abort systems have been developed. The diagnostic system aims to accurately pinpoint the start of beam losses, while the upgraded abort system quickly disposes of anomalous beams to minimize damage. This paper details the development and implementation of these systems, including high-speed loss monitors, time synchronization with the White Rabbit system, and data acquisition systems. Efforts to understand the mechanisms of SBL events, using acoustic sensors to detect discharges, are also discussed. These measures aim to improve the operational stability and luminosity of SuperKEKB, contributing to the experiment's success., Comment: 17 pages, 25 figures

Published
2024

5. A detailed study of the very-high-energy Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gavira, L., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jiménez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Context: There are currently three pulsars firmly detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), two of them reaching TeV energies, challenging models of very-high-energy (VHE) emission in pulsars. More precise observations are needed to better characterize pulsar emission at these energies. The LST-1 is the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope, that will be part of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). Its improved performance over previous IACTs makes it well suited for studying pulsars. Aims: To study the Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1, improving and complementing the results from other telescopes. These observations can also be used to characterize the potential of the LST-1 to study other pulsars and detect new ones. Methods: We analyzed a total of $\sim$103 hours of gamma-ray observations of the Crab pulsar conducted with the LST-1 in the period from September 2020 to January 2023. The observations were carried out at zenith angles less than 50 degrees. A new analysis of the Fermi-LAT data was also performed, including $\sim$14 years of observations. Results: The Crab pulsar phaseogram, long-term light-curve, and phase-resolved spectra are reconstructed with the LST-1 from 20 GeV to 450 GeV for P1 and up to 700 GeV for P2. The pulsed emission is detected with a significance of 15.2$\sigma$. The two characteristic emission peaks of the Crab pulsar are clearly detected (>10$\sigma$), as well as the so-called bridge emission (5.7$\sigma$). We find that both peaks are well described by power laws, with spectral indices of $\sim$3.44 and $\sim$3.03 respectively. The joint analysis of Fermi-LAT and LST-1 data shows a good agreement between both instruments in the overlapping energy range. The detailed results obtained in the first observations of the Crab pulsar with LST-1 show the potential that CTAO will have to study this type of sources., Comment: Accepted by A&A

Published
2024

6. Reinterpreting Economic Complexity: A co-clustering approach

Author

Bottai, Carlo, Di Iorio, Jacopo, and Iori, Martina

Subjects
Economics - General Economics, Statistics - Applications, Statistics - Machine Learning, 91B82, 91B62, 91B60, 62P20, 62H30
Abstract

Economic growth results from countries' accumulation of organizational and technological capabilities. The Economic and Product Complexity Indices, introduced as an attempt to measure these capabilities from a country's basket of exported products, have become popular to study economic development, the geography of innovation, and industrial policies. Despite this reception, the interpretation of these indicators proved difficult. Although the original Method of Reflections suggested a direct interconnection between country and product metrics, it has been proved that the Economic and Product Complexity Indices result from a spectral clustering algorithm that separately groups similar countries or similar products, respectively. This recent approach to economic and product complexity conflicts with the original one and treats separately countries and products. However, building on previous interpretations of the indices and the recent evolution in spectral clustering, we show that these indices simultaneously identify two co-clusters of similar countries and products. This viewpoint reconciles the spectral clustering interpretation of the indices with the original Method of Reflections interpretation. By proving the often neglected intimate relationship between country and product complexity, this approach emphasizes the role of a selected set of products in determining economic development while extending the range of applications of these indicators in economics., Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

7. Bilevel optimization with sustainability perspective: a survey on applications

Author

Caselli, Giulia, Iori, Manuel, and Ljubić, Ivana

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

Bilevel optimization, a well-established field for modeling hierarchical decision-making problems, has recently intersected with sustainability studies and practices, resulting in a series of works focusing on bilevel optimization problems involving multiple decision makers with diverse economic, environmental, and social objectives. This survey offers a comprehensive overview of sustainable bilevel optimization applications. First, we introduce the main concepts related to the nature of bilevel optimization problems and present some typical mathematical formulations for bilevel pricing problems that cover the majority of the collected applications. Then, we review the most relevant works published in sustainable bilevel optimization, giving a classification based on the application domains and their association with well-known operations research problems, while briefly discussing the proposed solution methodologies. We survey applications on transportation and logistics, production planning and manufacturing, water, waste, and agriculture management, supply chains, and disaster prevention and response. Finally, we outline a list of open questions and opportunities for future research in this domain.

Published
2024

8. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version

Published
2024
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24. Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data

Author

Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Bošnjak, Ž., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Busetto, G., Ordaz, A. Campoy, Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carrasco, M. S., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cornelia, A., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Del Popolo, A., Deleglise, G., Delfino, M., Mendez, C. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Pilato, A., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Díaz, C., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. Garcia, Garcia, E., Garczarczyk, M., López, R. J. García, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Jacquemont, M., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jobst, E., Jormanainen, J., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Linhoff, M., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Lyard, E., Lezáun, M. Láinez, López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mang, N., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Martí, J., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Mićanović, S., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neronov, A., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Satalecka, K., Sato, M., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Šarić, T., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, L., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Walter, R., Wei, Z., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Aims. LST-1, the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, is concluding its commissioning in Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma. The proximity of LST-1 (Large-Sized Telescope 1) to the two MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes permits observations of the same gamma-ray events with both systems. Methods. We describe the joint LST-1+MAGIC analysis pipeline and use simultaneous Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of the three-telescope system. The addition of the LST-1 telescope allows the recovery of events in which one of the MAGIC images is too dim to survive analysis quality cuts. Results. Thanks to the resulting increase in the collection area and stronger background rejection, we find a significant improvement in sensitivity, allowing the detection of 30% weaker fluxes in the energy range between 200 GeV and 3 TeV. The spectrum of the Crab Nebula, reconstructed in the energy range ~60 GeV to ~10 TeV, is in agreement with previous measurements., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2023
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25. Semantic Scene Difference Detection in Daily Life Patroling by Mobile Robots using Pre-Trained Large-Scale Vision-Language Model

Author

Obinata, Yoshiki, Kawaharazuka, Kento, Kanazawa, Naoaki, Yamaguchi, Naoya, Tsukamoto, Naoto, Yanokura, Iori, Kitagawa, Shingo, Shinjo, Koki, Okada, Kei, and Inaba, Masayuki

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

It is important for daily life support robots to detect changes in their environment and perform tasks. In the field of anomaly detection in computer vision, probabilistic and deep learning methods have been used to calculate the image distance. These methods calculate distances by focusing on image pixels. In contrast, this study aims to detect semantic changes in the daily life environment using the current development of large-scale vision-language models. Using its Visual Question Answering (VQA) model, we propose a method to detect semantic changes by applying multiple questions to a reference image and a current image and obtaining answers in the form of sentences. Unlike deep learning-based methods in anomaly detection, this method does not require any training or fine-tuning, is not affected by noise, and is sensitive to semantic state changes in the real world. In our experiments, we demonstrated the effectiveness of this method by applying it to a patrol task in a real-life environment using a mobile robot, Fetch Mobile Manipulator. In the future, it may be possible to add explanatory power to changes in the daily life environment through spoken language., Comment: Accepted to 2023 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2023)

Published
2023

26. Prospects for $\gamma$-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Abe, K., Abe, S., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Angüner, E. O., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Araya, M., Arcaro, C., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasíbar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Stuani, L. Augusto, Baack, D., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballester, O., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batista, P. I., Batkovic, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Medrano, J. Bernete, Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bi, B., Biederbeck, N., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Bradascio, F., Braiding, C., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Brunetti, G., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Bylund, T., Calisse, P. G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capalbi, M., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Laadim, F. De Frondat, Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., De Martino, D., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., De Simone, N., de Souza, V., del Valle, M. V., Delagnes, E., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Anjos, R. D. C. dos, Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Dumora, D., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Faure, A., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Gaggero, D., Galanti, G., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gaug, M., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Giesbrecht, J., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glicenstein, J. -F., Göksu, H., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Granot, J., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grenier, I., Grolleron, G., Grube, J., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hie, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoang, J., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrupec122, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jarnot, C., Jean, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kantzas, D., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluźniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Leitgeb, F., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Markoff, S., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Melkumyan, D., Mello, A. J. T. S., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morik, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Neyroud, N., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., O'Brien, P., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patel, S. R., Patricelli, B., Pavlović, D., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Peron, G., Persic, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pintore, F., Pirola, G., Pita, S., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Polo, M., Pons, E., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Punch, M., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Recchia, S., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Righi, C., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Russo, F., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Scherer, A., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Schwefer, G., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seiji, S., Semikoz, D., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Sguera, V., Shang, R. Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sinha, A., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Suomijärvi, T., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tanaka, S. J., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Terrier, R., Teshima, M., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Tosti, L., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Touzard, V., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Truzzi, S., Tsiahina, A., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., Wechakama, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhdanov, V. I., Živec, M., Zuriaga-Puig, J., and Luque, P. De la Torre

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Galaxy clusters are expected to be dark matter (DM) reservoirs and storage rooms for the cosmic-ray protons (CRp) that accumulate along the cluster's formation history. Accordingly, they are excellent targets to search for signals of DM annihilation and decay at gamma-ray energies and are predicted to be sources of large-scale gamma-ray emission due to hadronic interactions in the intracluster medium. We estimate the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to detect diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster. We perform a detailed spatial and spectral modelling of the expected signal for the DM and the CRp components. For each, we compute the expected CTA sensitivity. The observing strategy of Perseus is also discussed. In the absence of a diffuse signal (non-detection), CTA should constrain the CRp to thermal energy ratio within the radius $R_{500}$ down to about $X_{500}<3\times 10^{-3}$, for a spatial CRp distribution that follows the thermal gas and a CRp spectral index $\alpha_{\rm CRp}=2.3$. Under the optimistic assumption of a pure hadronic origin of the Perseus radio mini-halo and depending on the assumed magnetic field profile, CTA should measure $\alpha_{\rm CRp}$ down to about $\Delta\alpha_{\rm CRp}\simeq 0.1$ and the CRp spatial distribution with 10% precision. Regarding DM, CTA should improve the current ground-based gamma-ray DM limits from clusters observations on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross-section by a factor of up to $\sim 5$, depending on the modelling of DM halo substructure. In the case of decay of DM particles, CTA will explore a new region of the parameter space, reaching models with $\tau_{\chi}>10^{27}$s for DM masses above 1 TeV. These constraints will provide unprecedented sensitivity to the physics of both CRp acceleration and transport at cluster scale and to TeV DM particle models, especially in the decay scenario., Comment: 93 pages (including author list, appendix and references), 143 figures. Submitted to JCAP

Published
2023
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27. Rejuvenation of human mesenchymal stem cells using a nonintegrative and conditionally removable Sendai virus vector

Author

Mitsuo Oshimura, Toshiaki Tabata, Narumi Uno, Shuta Takata, Genki Hichiwa, Iori Kanazawa, Takeshi Endo, Kazuhisa Honma, Yayan Wang, Kanako Kazuki, Haochen Tu, Yuichi Iida, Satoshi Abe, and Yasuhiro Kazuki

Subjects
Human mesenchymal stem cell, Sendai virus vector, Rejuvenation, Extended lifespan, Regenerative medicine, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with extended lifespan and differentiation potential that can recapitulate in vivo characteristics could significantly contribute to basic research, drug development, and cell therapy. Specifically, they could ensure a stable supply of specific cellular resources, and possibly extracellular vesicles. Here, we established a technology for extending the lifespan while maintaining differentiation potential, termed “rejuvenation,” of hMSCs (rej-hMSCs) using nonintegrative and conditionally removable temperature-sensitive Sendai virus (SeV) vectors. Various immortalizing factors (i.e., Bmi-1, hTERT, SV40T, and/or HPV E6/E7) were first introduced by the SeV vector into the cells. A combination of three SeVs with Bmi-1, hTERT, or SV40T conferred markedly improved cell proliferation and cloning ability while maintaining differentiation potential and a normal karyotype. An extended lifespan was also demonstrated in other cell types. The rejuvenation of long-passaged or aged hMSCs was also confirmed. SeV vectors were rapidly removed as a function of cell doubling by increasing the temperature from 35 °C to 37 °C or higher, while proliferative ability was maintained. Following FACS sorting, the complete removal of SeV vectors was confirmed by qPCR analyses. Therefore, our cell rejuvenation technology could contribute to research and clinical applications by enabling the supply of modified cells without damaging host chromosomes.

Published
2024
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28. Preventing illegal seafood trade using machine-learning assisted microbiome analysis

Author

Luca Peruzza, Francesco Cicala, Massimo Milan, Giulia Dalla Rovere, Tomaso Patarnello, Luciano Boffo, Morgan Smits, Silvia Iori, Angelo De Bortoli, Federica Schiavon, Aurelio Zentilin, Piero Fariselli, Barbara Cardazzo, and Luca Bargelloni

Subjects
Machine learning, Food traceability, Microbiota 16S, Manila clam, North Adriatic sea, Illegal unreported unregulated (IUU) fishing, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Background Seafood is increasingly traded worldwide, but its supply chain is particularly prone to frauds. To increase consumer confidence, prevent illegal trade, and provide independent validation for eco-labelling, accurate tools for seafood traceability are needed. Here we show that the use of microbiome profiling (MP) coupled with machine learning (ML) allows precise tracing the origin of Manila clams harvested in areas separated by small geographic distances. The study was designed to represent a real-world scenario. Clams were collected in different seasons across the most important production area in Europe (lagoons along the northern Adriatic coast) to cover the known seasonal variation in microbiome composition for the species. DNA extracted from samples underwent the same depuration process as commercial products (i.e. at least 12 h in open flow systems). Results Machine learning-based analysis of microbiome profiles was carried out using two completely independent sets of data (collected at the same locations but in different years), one for training the algorithm, and the other for testing its accuracy and assessing the temporal stability signal. Briefly, gills (GI) and digestive gland (DG) of clams were collected in summer and winter over two different years (i.e. from 2018 to 2020) in one banned area and four farming sites. 16S DNA metabarcoding was performed on clam tissues and the obtained amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) table was used as input for ML MP. The best-predicting performances were obtained using the combined information of GI and DG (consensus analysis), showing a Cohen K-score > 0.95 when the target was the classification of samples collected from the banned area and those harvested at farming sites. Classification of the four different farming areas showed slightly lower accuracy with a 0.76 score. Conclusions We show here that MP coupled with ML is an effective tool to trace the origin of shellfish products. The tool is extremely robust against seasonal and inter-annual variability, as well as product depuration, and is ready for implementation in routine assessment to prevent the trade of illegally harvested or mislabeled shellfish.

Published
2024
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29. BEATS: BEAmline for synchrotron X-ray microTomography at SESAME

Author

Gianluca Iori, Mustafa Alzu'bi, Anas Abbadi, Yazeed Al Momani, Abdel Rahman Hasoneh, Pierre Van Vaerenbergh, Ivan Cudin, Jordi Marcos, Abdalla Ahmad, Anas Mohammad, Salman Matalgah, Ibrahim Foudeh, Mohammad Al Najdawi, Adel Amro, Abid Ur Rehman, Mohammad Abugharbiyeh, Rami Khrais, Amro Aljadaa, Mohammad Nour, Hussam Al Mohammad, Farouq Al Omari, Majeda Salama, María José García Fusté, Juan Reyes-Herrera, Christian Morawe, Maher Attal, Samira Kasaei, Charalambos Chrysostomou, Tomasz Kołodziej, Mateusz Boruchowski, Paweł Nowak, Jarosław Wiechecki, Anis Fatima, Andrea Ghigo, Adriana I. Wawrzyniak, Kirsi Lorentz, Giorgio Paolucci, Frank Lehner, Michael Krisch, Marco Stampanoni, Alexander Rack, Axel Kaprolat, and Andrea Lausi

Subjects
x-ray imaging, computed tomography, x-ray phase-contrast, microscopy, radiography, synchrotron radiation, cultural heritage, materials science, biomedical imaging, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798, Crystallography, QD901-999
Abstract

The ID10 beamline of the SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) synchrotron light source in Jordan was inaugurated in June 2023 and is now open to scientific users. The beamline, which was designed and installed within the European Horizon 2020 project BEAmline for Tomography at SESAME (BEATS), provides full-field X-ray radiography and microtomography imaging with monochromatic or polychromatic X-rays up to photon energies of 100 keV. The photon source generated by a 2.9 T wavelength shifter with variable gap, and a double-multilayer monochromator system allow versatile application for experiments requiring either an X-ray beam with high intensity and flux, and/or a partially spatial coherent beam for phase-contrast applications. Sample manipulation and X-ray detection systems are designed to allow scanning samples with different size, weight and material, providing image voxel sizes from 13 µm down to 0.33 µm. A state-of-the-art computing infrastructure for data collection, three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction and data analysis allows the visualization and exploration of results online within a few seconds from the completion of a scan. Insights from 3D X-ray imaging are key to the investigation of specimens from archaeology and cultural heritage, biology and health sciences, materials science and engineering, earth, environmental sciences and more. Microtomography scans and preliminary results obtained at the beamline demonstrate that the new beamline ID10-BEATS expands significantly the range of scientific applications that can be targeted at SESAME.

Published
2024
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30. Assessing Benefits: A Comparative Evaluation of English-Japanese Online Intercultural Exchanges (OIE) before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Iori Hamada and Shimako Iwasaki

Abstract

The pandemic-induced shift to online learning has increased the relevance of Online Intercultural Exchanges (OIE) as a means to navigate student mobility challenges. Our study investigates the role of OIE in the internationalisation of higher education, focusing on how students' perceptions of the benefits of internationalisation through OIE have shifted from the pre-pandemic to the pandemic period. We analysed an English-Japanese OIE programme conducted by an Australian and a Japanese university from 2018 to 2022, noting students self-reported higher gains in learning engagement and outcomes during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. Our research, guided by the frameworks of 'Internationalisation at Home' (IaH) and 'Internationalisation at a Distance' (IaD), highlights the potential of OIE as an effective model that addresses the diverse needs of a student body transcending the traditional dichotomy of 'home' and 'abroad'.

Published
2024
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31. Foundation Model based Open Vocabulary Task Planning and Executive System for General Purpose Service Robots

Author

Obinata, Yoshiki, Kanazawa, Naoaki, Kawaharazuka, Kento, Yanokura, Iori, Kim, Soonhyo, Okada, Kei, and Inaba, Masayuki

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

This paper describes a strategy for implementing a robotic system capable of performing General Purpose Service Robot (GPSR) tasks in robocup@home. The GPSR task is that a real robot hears a variety of commands in spoken language and executes a task in a daily life environment. To achieve the task, we integrate foundation models based inference system and a state machine task executable. The foundation models plan the task and detect objects with open vocabulary, and a state machine task executable manages each robot's actions. This system works stable, and we took first place in the RoboCup@home Japan Open 2022's GPSR with 130 points, more than 85 points ahead of the other teams., Comment: In review

Published
2023

32. Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Large-Sized Telescope Prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borghese, A., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Cassol, F., Cauz, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., D'Amico, G., Dalchenko, M., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Garcia, E., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, F., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giro, E., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jacquemont, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Marusevec, P., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Mrakovcic, K., Murase, K., Nagai, A., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nickel, L., Nievas, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okazaki, N., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pérez, A., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Ruiz, J. E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Spolon, A., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Sunada, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tejedor, L. A., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Uhlrich, G., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zywucka, N., Bernloehr, K., Gueta, O., Kosack, K., Maier, G., Watson, J., Rijeka, University of, Physics, Department of, Rijeka, Croatia, Physics, Institute for Theoretical, Astrophysics, Würzburg, Universität, Nord, Campus Hubland, Würzburg, Germany, Physik, Institut für Theoretische, IV, Lehrstuhl, Plasma-Astroteilchenphysik, Bochum, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, La Sapienza, INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy, ILANCE, Laboratory, CNRS - University of Tokyo International Research, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan, Program, Physics, Science, Graduate School of Advanced, Engineering, University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Vergata, INFN Sezione di Roma Tor, Physics, Faculty of, Informatics, Applied, Lodz, University of, Lodz, Poland, Split, University of, FESB, Split, University, Yamagata, Yamagata, University, Tohoku, Institute, Astronomical, Aobaku, Sendai, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of, Osijek, dell'Aquila, INFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche - Università degli Studi, Institute, Gran Sasso Science, L'Aquila, Oiwakecho, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto, Astronomy, Department of, Geneva, University of, Versoix, Switzerland, Sciences, Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of, Prague, Republic, Czech, Science, Faculty of, University, Ibaraki, Mito, Ibaraki, University, Waseda, Shinjuku, Tokyo, di Trieste, INFN Sezione, di Trieste, Università degli Studi, Trieste, INFN, di Siena, Università degli Studi, Fisiche, Dipartimento di Scienze, dell'Ambiente, della Terra e, di Fisica, Sezione, Siena, de Jaén, Escuela Politécnica Superior, de Jaén, Universidad, Lagunillas, Campus Las, Jaén, Spain, Physics, Saha Institute of Nuclear, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India, Research, Institute for Nuclear, Energy, Nuclear, Sciences, Bulgarian Academy of, Sofia, Bulgaria, Sciences, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of, Praha, di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica 'E. Segrè' Università degli Studi, Scienze, via delle, Palermo, de Electronica, Grupo, de Madrid, Universidad Complutense, Complutense, Av., Madrid, Physics, Department of Applied, Zagreb, University of, Zagreb, Center, Hiroshima Astrophysical Science, Higashi-Hiroshima, RIKEN, Physical, Institute of, Research, Chemical, Wako, Saitama, University, Charles, Particle, Institute of, Physics, Nuclear, Physics, Division of, Astronomy, Science, Graduate School of, University, Kyoto, Sakyo-ku, Research, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental, University, Nagoya, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Institute, Kobayashi-Maskawa, Particles, for the Origin of, Universe, the, Technology, Graduate School of, Industrial, Sciences, Social, University, Tokushima, Tokushima, Sciences, Department of Physical, University, Aoyama Gakuin, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, IRFU, CEA, Paris-Saclay, Université, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, University, Saitama, Sakura-ku, city, Saitama, di Torino, Dipartimento di Fisica - Universitá degli Studi, Torino, University, Konan, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan), Heidelberg, Zeuthen, Saclay, CEA, Merisiers, Orme des, and France)

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

CTA (Cherenkov Telescope Array) is the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies. The Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) is located at the Northern site of CTA, on the Canary Island of La Palma. LSTs are designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, down to $\simeq 20$ GeV. LST-1 started performing astronomical observations in November 2019, during its commissioning phase, and it has been taking data since then. We present the first LST-1 observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard candle of very-high energy gamma-ray astronomy, and use them, together with simulations, to assess the basic performance parameters of the telescope. The data sample consists of around 36 hours of observations at low zenith angles collected between November 2020 and March 2022. LST-1 has reached the expected performance during its commissioning period - only a minor adjustment of the preexisting simulations was needed to match the telescope behavior. The energy threshold at trigger level is estimated to be around 20 GeV, rising to $\simeq 30$ GeV after data analysis. Performance parameters depend strongly on energy, and on the strength of the gamma-ray selection cuts in the analysis: angular resolution ranges from 0.12 to 0.40 degrees, and energy resolution from 15 to 50%. Flux sensitivity is around 1.1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 250 GeV for a 50-h observation (12% for 30 minutes). The spectral energy distribution (in the 0.03 - 30 TeV range) and the light curve obtained for the Crab Nebula agree with previous measurements, considering statistical and systematic uncertainties. A clear periodic signal is also detected from the pulsar at the center of the Nebula., Comment: Accepted in ApJ. v3: updated author list and acknowledgements, fixed typos and other minor issues

Published
2023

34. Effectiveness of primary series, first, and second booster vaccination of monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and severe diseases during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 epidemic in Japan: vaccine effectiveness real-time surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 (VERSUS)

Author

Haruka Maeda, Nobuo Saito, Ataru Igarashi, Masayuki Ishida, Mayumi Terada, Shingo Masuda, Ryosuke Osawa, Naoto Hosokawa, Kei Nakashima, Hiroshi Kamura, Haruki Imura, Hiroki Inoue, Suguru Matsuzaka, Yukihiro Sugimoto, Osamu Kuwamitsu, Iori Motohashi, Toru Morikawa, Rentaro Oda, Yuiko Hoshina, Takashi Matono, Osamu Teshigahara, Eiichiro Sando, Sadaharu Asami, Satoshi Kudo, Noboru Akizuki, Yoshikazu Muto, Tomoichiro Hayakawa, Tomoo Kishaba, Yasuji Ohara, Yoshinao Kubo, Motoi Suzuki, and Konosuke Morimoto

Subjects
BA.5, COVID-19, Japan, SARS-CoV-2, vaccine effectiveness, monovalent, Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground This study aimed to evaluate VE of primary, first, and second booster ancestral-strain monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccination against symptomatic infections and severe diseases in Japan.Methods We conducted a test-negative case-control study. We included medically attended episodes and hospitalizations involving individuals aged [Formula: see text]16 with signs and symptoms from July to November 2022, when Omicron BA.5 was dominant nationwide. To evaluate VE, we calculated adjusted ORs of vaccination among test-positive versus test-negative individuals using a mixed-effects logistic regression.Results For VE against symptomatic infections among individuals aged 16 to 59, VE of primary vaccination at > 180 days was 26.1% (95% CI: 10.6–38.8%); VE of the first booster was 58.5% (48.4–66.7%) at [Formula: see text]90 days, decreasing to 41.1% (29.5–50.8%) at 91 to 180 days. For individuals aged [Formula: see text]60, VE of the first booster was 42.8% (1.7–66.7%) at [Formula: see text]90 days, dropping to 15.4% (−25.9–43.2%) at 91 to 180 days, and then increasing to 44.0% (16.4–62.5%) after the second booster. For VE against severe diseases, VE of the first and second booster was 77.3% (61.2–86.7%) at [Formula: see text]90 days and 55.9% (23.4–74.6%) afterward.Conclusion mRNA booster vaccination provided moderate protection against symptomatic infections and high-level protection against severe diseases during the BA.5 epidemic in Japan.

Published
2024
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38. Busulfan-fludarabine versus busulfan-cyclophosphamide for allogeneic transplant in acute myeloid leukemia: long term analysis of GITMO AML-R2 trial

Author

Cavallaro, Gianluca, Grassi, Anna, Pavoni, Chiara, Micò, Maria Caterina, Busca, Alessandro, Cavattoni, Irene Maria, Santarone, Stella, Borghero, Carlo, Olivieri, Attilio, Milone, Giuseppe, Chiusolo, Patrizia, Musto, Pellegrino, Saccardi, Riccardo, Patriarca, Francesca, Pane, Fabrizio, Saporiti, Giorgia, Rivela, Paolo, Terruzzi, Elisabetta, Cerretti, Raffaella, Marotta, Giuseppe, Carella, Angelo Michele, Nagler, Arnon, Russo, Domenico, Corradini, Paolo, Bernasconi, Paolo, Iori, Anna Paola, Castagna, Luca, Mordini, Nicola, Oldani, Elena, Di Grazia, Carmen, Bacigalupo, Andrea, and Rambaldi, Alessandro

Published
2024
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43. CCL18, CHI3L1, ANG2, IL-6 systemic levels are associated with the extent of lung damage and radiomic features in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Ferrigno, Ilaria, Verzellesi, Laura, Ottone, Marta, Bonacini, Martina, Rossi, Alessandro, Besutti, Giulia, Bonelli, Efrem, Colla, Rossana, Facciolongo, Nicola, Teopompi, Elisabetta, Massari, Marco, Mancuso, Pamela, Ferrari, Anna Maria, Pattacini, Pierpaolo, Trojani, Valeria, Bertolini, Marco, Botti, Andrea, Zerbini, Alessandro, Giorgi Rossi, Paolo, Iori, Mauro, Salvarani, Carlo, and Croci, Stefania

Published
2024
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44. Hagfish genome elucidates vertebrate whole-genome duplication events and their evolutionary consequences

Author

Yu, Daqi, Ren, Yandong, Uesaka, Masahiro, Beavan, Alan J. S., Muffato, Matthieu, Shen, Jieyu, Li, Yongxin, Sato, Iori, Wan, Wenting, Clark, James W., Keating, Joseph N., Carlisle, Emily M., Dearden, Richard P., Giles, Sam, Randle, Emma, Sansom, Robert S., Feuda, Roberto, Fleming, James F., Sugahara, Fumiaki, Cummins, Carla, Patricio, Mateus, Akanni, Wasiu, D’Aniello, Salvatore, Bertolucci, Cristiano, Irie, Naoki, Alev, Cantas, Sheng, Guojun, de Mendoza, Alex, Maeso, Ignacio, Irimia, Manuel, Fromm, Bastian, Peterson, Kevin J., Das, Sabyasachi, Hirano, Masayuki, Rast, Jonathan P., Cooper, Max D., Paps, Jordi, Pisani, Davide, Kuratani, Shigeru, Martin, Fergal J., Wang, Wen, Donoghue, Philip C. J., Zhang, Yong E., and Pascual-Anaya, Juan

Published
2024
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45. Magnetic phase diagram in three-dimensional triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Sr$_3$CoTa$_2$O$_9$ with small easy-axis anisotropy

Author

Nishizawa, Iori, Kurita, Nobuyuki, Tanaka, Hidekazu, and Goto, Takayuki

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We report the results of low-temperature magnetization and specific heat measurements of Sr$_3$CoTa$_2$O$_9$ powder, in which Co$^{2+}$ ions with effective spin-1/2 form a uniform triangular lattice in the $ab$ plane. It was found that Sr$_3$CoTa$_2$O$_9$ undergoes successive antiferromagnetic transitions at $T_{\rm N1}\,{=}\,0.97~{\rm K}$ and $T_{\rm N2}\,{=}\,0.79~{\rm K}$ at zero magnetic field. As the magnetic field increases, both $T_{\rm N1}$ and $T_{\rm N2}$ decrease monotonically. The obtained magnetic field vs temperature phase diagram together with a sharp magnetization anomaly at a saturation field of ${\mu_0}H_{\rm s}\,{=}\,2.3~{\rm T}$ indicates that Sr$_3$CoTa$_2$O$_9$ is described as a spin-1/2 three-dimensional triangular-lattice antiferromagnet with a weak easy-axis anisotropy. We discuss the characteristics of the magnetic phase diagram, which approximates the phase diagram for the magnetic field perpendicular to the $c$ axis., Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

Published
2023
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46. Symbolic-Numeric Computation of Integrals in Successive Galerkin Approximation of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation

Author

Iori, Tomoyuki

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

This paper proposes an efficient symbolic-numeric method to compute the integrals in the successive Galerkin approximation (SGA) of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. A solution of the HJB equation is first approximated with a linear combination of the Hermite polynomials. The coefficients of the combination are then computed by iteratively solving a linear equation, which consists of the integrals of the Hermite polynomials multiplied by nonlinear functions. The recursive structure of the Hermite polynomials is inherited by the integrals, and their recurrence relations can be computed by using the symbolic computation of differential operators. By using the recurrence relations, all the integrals can be computed from a part of them that are numerically evaluated. A numerical example is provided to show the efficiency of the proposed method compared to a standard numerical integration method., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the IEEE Control Systems Letters and the 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

Published
2023

47. Busulfan-fludarabine versus busulfan-cyclophosphamide for allogeneic transplant in acute myeloid leukemia: long term analysis of GITMO AML-R2 trial

Author

Gianluca Cavallaro, Anna Grassi, Chiara Pavoni, Maria Caterina Micò, Alessandro Busca, Irene Maria Cavattoni, Stella Santarone, Carlo Borghero, Attilio Olivieri, Giuseppe Milone, Patrizia Chiusolo, Pellegrino Musto, Riccardo Saccardi, Francesca Patriarca, Fabrizio Pane, Giorgia Saporiti, Paolo Rivela, Elisabetta Terruzzi, Raffaella Cerretti, Giuseppe Marotta, Angelo Michele Carella, Arnon Nagler, Domenico Russo, Paolo Corradini, Paolo Bernasconi, Anna Paola Iori, Luca Castagna, Nicola Mordini, Elena Oldani, Carmen Di Grazia, Andrea Bacigalupo, and Alessandro Rambaldi

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract We report the long-term results of a randomized trial (GITMO, AML-R2), comparing 1:1 the combination of busulfan and cyclophosphamide (BuCy2, n = 125) and the combination of busulfan and fludarabine (BuFlu, n = 127) as conditioning regimen in acute myeloid leukemia patients (median age 51 years, range 40–65) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With a median follow-up of 6 years, significantly better non-relapse mortality (NRM) was confirmed in BuFlu recipients, which is sustained up to 4 years after transplant (10% vs. 20%, p = 0.0388). This difference was higher in patients older than 51 years (11% in BuFlu vs. 27% in BuCy2, p = 0.0262). The cumulative incidence of relapse, which was the first cause of death in the entire study population, did not differ between the two randomized arms. Similarly, the leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) were not different in the two cohorts, even when stratifying patients per median age. Graft-and relapse-free survival (GRFS) in BuFlu arm vs. the BuCy2 arm was 25% vs. 20% at 4 years and 20% vs. 17% at 10 years. Hence, the benefit gained by NRM reduction is not offsets by an increased relapse. Leukemia relapse remains a major concern, urging the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Published
2024
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48. A sensitivity-based estimation method for investigating control co-design relevance

Author

J. Iori, C. L. Bottasso, and M. K. McWilliam

Subjects
Renewable energy sources, TJ807-830
Abstract

Control co-design is a promising approach for wind turbine design due to the importance of the controller in power production, stability, load alleviation, and the resulting coupled effects on the sizing of the turbine components. However, the high computational effort required to solve optimization problems with added control design variables is a major obstacle to quantifying the benefit of this approach. In this work, we propose a methodology to identify if a design problem can benefit from control co-design. The estimation method, based on post-optimum sensitivity analysis, quantifies how the optimal objective value varies with a change in control tuning. The performance of the method is evaluated on a tower design optimization problem, where fatigue load constraints are a major driver, and using a linear quadratic regulator targeting fatigue load alleviation. We use the gradient-based multi-disciplinary optimization framework Cp-max. Fatigue damage is evaluated with time-domain simulations corresponding to the certification standards. The estimation method applied to the optimal tower mass and optimal cost of energy show good agreement with the results of the control co-design optimization while using only a fraction of the computational effort. Our results additionally show that there may be little benefit to using control co-design in the presence of an active frequency constraint. However, for a soft–soft tower configuration where the resonance can be avoided with active control, using control co-design results in a taller tower with reduced mass.

Published
2024
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49. Cadence-Based Pedometer App With Financial Incentives to Enhance Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Development and Single-Arm Feasibility Study

Author

Kosuke Hayashi, Hiromitsu Imai, Ichiro Oikawa, Yugo Ishihara, Hirokazu Wakuda, Iori Miura, Shingo Uenohara, Asuka Kuwae, Megumi Kai, Ken'ichi Furuya, and Naoto Uemura

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundHigh levels of physical activity are key to improving health outcomes, yet many people fail to take action. Using pedometers to target steps per day and providing financial incentives is a simple and scalable approach to promoting public health. However, conventional pedometers do not account for “intensity” and “duration,” making it challenging to efficiently increase people’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), which is expected to improve health outcomes. Based on these rationales, we developed a smartphone app that sets step cadence as a goal (defined as a daily challenge of walking more than 1500 steps in 15 minutes twice a day, which is a heuristic threshold for moderate physical activity) and provides financial incentive when the challenge is met. ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of our novel app and explore whether its use can increase users’ daily MVPA. MethodsA single-arm pre-post study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of the app. A total of 15 participants used app 1 (an app without financial incentives) for the first period (4 weeks) and then switched to app 2 (an app with financial incentives) for the second period (4 weeks). The primary outcome was the difference between the first and second periods in the number of successful challenge attempts per week. Secondary outcomes were differences between the first and second periods in daily steps and distance walked. Exploratory outcomes included the difference between the first and second periods in daily “heart points” as measured by Google Fit, a publicly available app that measures users’ daily MVPA. ResultsThe number of successful challenge attempts per week increased significantly compared to the first period (5.6 times per week vs 0.7 times per week; P

Published
2024
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50. Medication adherence among Japanese patients with developmental disabilities: a survey study

Author

Mutsumi Ando, Iori Taki, Taigi Yamazaki, and Noriko Hida

Subjects
developmental disabilities, pharmacotherapy, medication adherence, medication instructions, medication record book, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

AimDevelopmental disabilities (DD) often persist into adulthood, necessitating early and continuous treatment. Although pharmacotherapy is a viable treatment option, managing medication can be challenging. Prior research has not explored medication use among patients with DD in Japan. Thus, this study aimed to identify the medication challenges faced by these patients.MethodsA questionnaire survey was administered to 200 outpatients to collect data on the number of prescribed medications, the timing of administration, the frequency of missed doses, and the use of medication notebooks. This was a prospective observational study without intervention and a random sampling.ResultsThe survey revealed that 57.0% of the participants were non-adherent to their medication regimen. Specifically, medication non-adherence rates were 44.7% among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 86.9% for those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 30.4% for patients with comorbid ASD and ADHD. Despite 48.3% of the participants taking measures to prevent forgetting their medication, 65.3% of them still failed to take their medication as prescribed. The possession rate of medication record books was 96.0%.ConclusionThe study indicates that the frequency of medication non-adherence among patients with DD in Japan mirrors that in other countries. Patients who reported taking preventative measures still experienced high rates of non-adherence, suggesting limited effectiveness of these strategies. It is essential to develop more effective measures to improve adherence, enhance disease awareness, and increase understanding of medication instructions. The high possession rate of medication record books suggests they could play a significant role in managing DD, and their use is expected to increase in the future.

Published
2024
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