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Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: this study aimed to evaluate whether low-salt low-protein diet (LPD) supplemented with 10 g of inulin could lower serum toxin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), thereby providing evidence for adjusting dietary prescriptions of inhospital patients and outpatient nutrition consultants. Methods: we randomized 54 patients with CKD into two groups. Dietary protein intake compliance was evaluated using a 3-day dietary diary and 24-h urine nitrogen levels. The primary outcomes were indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), and secondary outcomes included inflammation marker levels, nutritional status, and renal function. We assessed 89 patients for eligibility, and a total of 45 patients completed the study, including 23 and 22 in the inulin-added and control groups, respectively. Results: PCS values decreased in both groups after intervention: inulin-added group, ΔPCS -1.33 (-4.88, -0.63) µg/mL vs. LPD group, -4.7 (-3.78, 3.69) µg/mL (p = 0.058). PCS values reduced from 7.52 to 4.02 µg/mL (p < 0.001) in the inulin-added group (p < 0.001). Moreover, IS decreased from 3.42 (2.53, 6.01) µg/mL to 2.83 (1.67, 4.74) µg/mL after adding inulin; ΔIS was -0.64 (-1.48, 0.00) µg/mL, and a significant difference was observed compared with the control group (p = 0.004). The inflammation index decreased after intervention. Conclusion: dietary fiber supplementation may reduce serum IS and PCS levels and modulate their inflammatory status in predialysis CKD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. La lechería especializada de trópico alto colombiano presenta elevados costos de producción, emisiones de metano y contaminación por nitrógeno en el suelo y agua; empleo de plaguicidas en las praderas, así como una producción de leche que aún no alcanza altos estándares de calidad. Lo anterior, requiere un cambio estructural en el modelo de producción con un enfoque de sustentabilidad. Además de otros aspectos, la ganadería sostenible requiere mayor complementariedad y diversidad de especies forrajeras, arbustivas y arbóreas adaptadas a las en condiciones de trópico de altura. Objetivo. Recopilar información a través de acción participativa y de innovación rural por los productores y avances de investigación de las especies Axonopus catarinensis y Smallanthus sonchifolius, forrajeras herbáceas con posible potencial productivo y ambiental (en etapa preliminar), para su integración en sistemas silvopastoriles del trópico alto colombiano. Desarrollo. A. catarinensis y S. sonchifolius son especies que podrían ser utilizadas en la alimentación básica y suplementación energética respectivamente, de vacas lecheras en el trópico alto colombiano. Aunque no existe información científica para estas condiciones, la referencia de algunos productores menciona que estas especies tal vez pueden mejorar la producción y la calidad de la leche con efectos en la economía familiar. Además, pueden contribuir a la generación de productos lácteos con atributos funcionales benéficos, que impacten en la salud humana. Conclusión. A. catarinensis y S. sonchifolius son especies que pueden tener un potencial forrajero y nutricional para incluirse en los sistemas silvopastoriles de producción lechera en el trópico alto colombiano.

The research aimed at the development of lactose-free hibiscus functional ice cream with the addition of inulin, and evaluated the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory acceptance characteristics. Two ice cream formulations with different inulin concentrations were developed: Formulation 1 (F1), hibiscus ice cream with 3% inulin addition, and Formulation 2 (F2), hibiscus ice cream with 6% inulin addition. The formulations showed the results in the analysis: moisture (F1: 63.31±4.29%; F2: 66.75±0.35%); lipids (F1: 3.74±0.73%; F2: 3.77±0.23%); ash (F1: 0.86±0.14%; F2: 0.98±0.27%); protein (F1: 1.34±0.09%; F2: 1.22±0.23%); crude fiber (F1: 0.76±0.18%; F2: 0.77±0.08%) - and did not differ statistically from each other (p <0.05). Most judges rated the samples as "liked moderately". It is concluded that hibiscus ice creams with the addition of inulin showed interesting results, which indicate the feasibility of developing the product that can meet specific and restricted diets, in addition to presenting nutritional and sensory quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: la asociación del alto consumo de carnes rojas procesadas con el cáncer colorrectal hace que los consumidores empiecen a demandar productos cárnicos con un perfil nutricional mejorado. Objetivo: diseñar una carne de hamburguesa comercializable, a base de pechuga de pollo, fuente de fibra y baja en grasa con buena aceptación por los consumidores. Materiales y métodos: con base en una formulación estándar de hamburguesa, se hicieron tres formulaciones con adición de fibra como reemplazante de grasa: F1 contenía fibra de cidra (Sechium edule); F2, de zanahoria (Daucus carota); y F3, de inulina. Se calculó la composición nutricional teórica y se realizó una prueba de aceptación por consumidores con una escala de nueve puntos. Resultados: la formulación más aceptada y con mayor contenido de fibra fue la que contenía inulina, con un puntaje de 7,7±1,4 y diferencias significativas, según la prueba T3 de Dunett, con las formulaciones F2 (p=0,001) y F1 (p=0,000), cuyos promedios de aceptación fueron similares: 6,0±2,5 puntos para F2 y 5,9±2,2 para F1 (p=0,931). Las formulaciones con fibra contenían menos grasa y calorías que la formulación control. Conclusión: es posible lograr derivados cárnicos con reducción del contenido de grasa y aporte de fibra sensorialmente aceptados.

The aim of the study was to review the scientific literature on health-promoting substances in topinambour such as: essential amino acids, peptides, proteins, dietary fiber, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, choline and lecithin, and phytochemicals. Thanks to these substances, Jerusalem artichoke is considered a functional food, the nutritional values of which have a beneficial effect on many body functions. In addition to the nutritional function, it exhibits dietary and prebiotic properties, consisting in improving health and reducing the incidence of many diseases. It is considered a laxative, choleretic, diuretic, tonic to the stomach thanks to inulin, a prebiotic inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines. Health-promoting substances make Helianthus tuberosus especially recommended for people with gastric and duodenal ulcers and for diabetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the effect of the three inulin levels (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%) supplemented as a substitute for an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP, zinc bacitracin) and control in guinea pigs raised for human consumption. Fifty 14-day-old male guinea pigs were used. Productive parameters (weight gain, total dry matter intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) and intestinal morphology of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum at slaughter (70 days of age) were evaluated. An inverse relationship was observed between inulin levels and FCR (linear effect; P = 0.006). There was no statistically significant effect of the treatments on total dry matter intake and weight gain (P > 0.05). A linear effect of the inulin level on the villi's length (VL), villi's width (VW), and length/depth ratio (VL/DC) in the duodenum; VW in the jejunum; and VL in the ileum (P <0 .05) was reported. In conclusion, a linear effect of the increasing doses of inulin was found on the FCR and the morphological parameters of the duodenum's integrity, and no differences in the effects of the inulin added to the diet and the treatment with AGP were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La alcachofa es un vegetal muy apreciado en la dieta mediterránea debido a sus altos valores nutricionales y farmacológicos. La alcachofa presenta un alto contenido en minerales, vitaminas y compuestos fenólicos. Además, contiene altos niveles de inulina, carbohidrato no digerible en tracto gastrointestinal humano, que ejerce una acción prebiótica interesante sobre algunas bacterias de la microbiota intestinal. El consumo de inulina ha sido asociado al crecimiento de bacterias que producen ácido láctico y aumenta la cantidad de Bifidobacterium y Akkermancia muciniphila, entre otras, y disminuye los cocos grampositivos en humanos y ratones. Los efectos que la ingesta de inulina ejerce sobre la conducta y la cognición varían según la dosis, ya sea combinada con alimentos o no, y el tiempo durante el cual se consume. Aunque la inulina ha sido ampliamente estudiada en alimentación, existen pocos estudios sobre el efecto que ésta ejerce sobre el comportamiento y la salud mental. Por lo tanto, futuros estudios deberían considerar el posible efecto beneficioso de la ingesta de inulina sobre las diferentes enfermedades mentales.

Consumers are becoming increasingly demanding in the search for foods that, in addition to being nutritious, promote health and well-being. Thus, the dairy industry has sought to develop products with these characteristics, functional foods. Therefore, the objective of this work was the elaboration and physical-chemical and sensorial characterization of tamarind yoghurts enriched with prebiotics (inulin and fructooligosaccharide). Three formulations were prepared: A (without addition of prebiotics), B (plus 3% inulin) and C (with 3% fructooligosaccharide), which in turn were submitted to physical-chemical analyzes of moisture, ashes, pH, titratable acidity and lipids; and the sensory analysis of acceptance and purchase intention. From the results, it can be noticed that there was no statistical difference in the evaluated parameters, except for the moisture content, which showed a difference between the samples. Regarding the results of the sensory evaluation, it was observed that, statistically, the addition of prebiotics did not promote significant interference (p < 0.05) in any of the sensorial aspects evaluated, showing that all the samples were well accepted, with > 70%. The formulations with addition of the prebiotics obtained similar acceptances to the standard product, besides presenting good expectations of commercialization. In this way, it was possible to perceive the viability of the addition of prebiotics in tamarind-flavored yogurt formulations, contributing to the diversification of the dairy sector and functional foods.

Background: The association between increased consumption of processed red meat and colorectal cancer has driven the demand for meat products with improved nutritional profiles. Objective: To design commercialized hamburger meat that contains chicken breast as the base, fiber, reduced fat, and is accepted by consumers. Materials and Methods: Three formulations were created with a standard hamburger base and additional fiber as a fat replacement: F1 contained fiber from citron (Sechium edule); F2, from carrots (Daucus carota); and F3 from inulin. The theoretical nutritional composition was calculated and a consumer acceptance test was performed on a scale of nine points. Results: The most accepted formulation by consumers with the highest fiber content was the hamburger containing inulin, rated at 7.7±1.4 points. According to the Dunett T3 test, significant differences were reached by F1 (p=0.000) and F2 (p=0.001). They also had similar acceptance averages: F1 (5.9±2.2 points; p=0,000) and F2 (6.0±2.5 points; p=0.001) (p=0.931). The formulations containing added fiber were lowest in fat and calories when compared to the control formulation. Conclusion: It is possible to achieve meat derivatives with reduced fat and added fiber that are sensorily accepted by consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los alimentos funcionales actualmente tienen una alta demanda en el mercado, lo cual constituye un desafío importante para la industria alimentaria. Es por ello, que el objetivo del presente trabajo fue elaborar un producto cárnico funcional a partir de inulina logrando sustituir grasa y obtener un efecto prebiótico. Para ello se realizaron experimentos con combinaciones de inulina (0 a 12 %) y grasa (8 a 12 %), empleando almidón de papa al 4% en las formulaciones. A fin de evaluar las salchichas obtenidas en cada experimento se determinó: composición fisicoquímica, análisis de perfil textura, análisis microbiológicos y evaluación sensorial. Tomando como base criterios reológicos y sensoriales, la combinación con un 6.67% de inulina y 8,73% de grasa resultó ser la mejor variante. Se caracterizó el material de envase y se determinó la vida útil de las salchichas seleccionadas envasadas al vacío, estudiando dos tratamientos posteriores: uno refrigeradas y el otro repasteurizadas-refrigeradas manteniendo en ambos casos una temperatura de 2-4 °C. Las muestras se caracterizaron al inicio y final del ensayo desde el punto de vista fisicoquímico y reológico, durante todo el estudio se realizaron análisis microbiológicos y evaluación sensorial, que mediante criterio aceptación y rechazo se determinó una vida útil de 26 días para las salchichas envasadas al vacío refrigeradas y 112 días para las muestras repasteurizadas-refrigeradas mediante el gráfico de riesgos de Weibull.

Antecedentes: actualmente, existe un creciente interés en investigar los componentes de los alimentos que tengan la característica de la saciedad. Algunos constituyentes de la fibra dietética presentan esta característica, como la inulina, que corresponde a un prebiótico. Objetivo: analizar y discutir el efecto de la inulina en la saciedad en humanos. Materiales y métodos: se hizo una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases Scielo, Science Direct, Pubmed, Oxford Journals, revisando artículos de nutrición y alimentos. Resultados: se revisaron estudios en diversos grupos poblacionales, con diferentes métodos de evaluación de la saciedad y diversas dosis de inulina. Los resultados obtenidos fueron controversiales, en algunos casos se demostró efecto en la saciedad; y en otros, no; por lo tanto, no es posible afirmar que la inulina tenga el efecto de generar saciedad en humanos; se observa un efecto potenciador de la saciedad al ser añadido a algunas preparaciones que producen saciedad individualmente. Conclusiones: no es posible afirmar que la inulina tenga el efecto de generar saciedad en humanos.

With society’s growing concern about eating healthy foods, the food industry constantly seeks to develop less calorie products, associated with the presence of ingredients with functional properties. Thus, taking advantage of the wide acceptance of yogurt, the industry has been using it as a vehicle for inclusion of prebiotic compounds. Therefore, the objective of this work was the preparation and characterization, physicochemical and sensory, of light yogurts sweetened with honey and supplemented with prebiotics inulin and fructooligosaccharides. Three formulations were prepared: A (control – free of prebiotics), B (with addition of 3% inulin) and C (3% of fructooligosaccharides) that were submitted to physical and chemical analysis of moisture, ash, pH, titratable acidity and lipids; and sensory analysis of acceptance and purchase intent. The results were statistically similar for all physical and chemical parameters assessed, except moisture. Concerning the sensory analysis, it was observed that, statistically, the addition of prebiotics did not cause significant interference (p < 0.05) in the evaluated sensorial parameters, as all samples showed good acceptance with rates of over 70%, highlighting the similarity acceptance of samples supplemented with prebiotics in relation to the formulation control. Regarding the intention to purchase, formulation C stood out in a small numerical advantage, but not statistical, over the other formulations, being this the most viable for commercialization. Thus, it was possible to highlight the feasibility of including prebiotics in light yogurt sweetened with honey formulations in order to contribute to the diversification of the dairy sector and meet the population’s demands for healthy food.

Copyright of Zywnosc is the property of Polish Society of Food Technologists - Scientific Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zywnosc is the property of Polish Society of Food Technologists - Scientific Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Foods with probiotic or prebiotic bacteria are included in the category of foods containing bioactive compounds that have aroused interest because of the beneficial effect on health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chevrotin cheeses from caprine, bovine and mixed milk with the use of a prebiotic (inulin), associated to the use of a probiotic, Bifidobacterium lactis. Nine cheeses were allocated in a completely randomized design with factorial (3x3) in three types of milk and three levels of inulin (0.0%, 2,5% and 5,0%). Fatty acid analysis was performed. According to the results, the percentage of saturated fatty acids (AGS) increased linearly (p < 0.01) the concentration of the monounsaturated acids (MUFA) and the concentration of the polyunsaturated acids (PUFA). Thirty fatty acids were identified, including 17 saturated, 9 monounsaturated and 4 polyunsaturated. The composition of fatty acids in the different types of cheeses presented a higher content of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in goat and mixed cheeses and higher content of saturated fatty acids in cheeses with bovine milk.

Background and aims: Baccharis notosergila is presented as a productivity-reducing weed in the fields of the Salado river basin, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The aims of this work were: to describe the structure of the underground system, the origin of sprouts, locate the secretory structures and storage substance to understand the adaptation strategies of this species as well as its ability to withstand chemical and mechanical control. M&M: The collected material was examined with conventional optical microscopy techniques. Histochemical tests to identify secondary metabolites were performed, and crystals were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope. Results: The subterranean system found was a xylopodium which has high shoot bud-forming potential. Storage substance was found to be inulin. Test for starch was negative. Resins and lipids (oil drops) were identified in ducts of roots; tannins and crystals of calcium oxalate were also found in the xylopodium and roots. Conclusions: The presence of these characteristics on the underground systems could explain the frequency of this species in the floristic from Salado river basin in which alternate periods of high humidity and drought. The belowground bud bank would be important to B. notosergila survival in this area with extreme climatic factors, and its resistance to mechanical and chemical control. Understanding the anatomical features of these plants is one of the steps to appropriate management of this species in the Salado river basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Understanding the effect of inulin addition on microstructural changes and in vitro digestibility of starch in baked gluten-starch matrices" analyzes the effect of inulin on the structure and digestibility of starch in baked products. Baked gluten-starch samples with different percentages of inulin were used and evaluated using texture analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microtomography. The results showed that the addition of inulin reduced starch digestibility and produced changes in the structure of the matrices. This study contributes to understanding how inulin can affect the properties of starch in baked products. [Extracted from the article]

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la sustitución parcial de crema de leche por diferentes sustitutos de grasa en los parámetros funcionales del helado duro de vainilla. Se empleó un diseño de mezclas simplex con centroide. Se elaboraron siete tipos de helado sustituyendo el 4% de grasa por la combinación de inulina, oligofructosa y/o maltodextrina. A los helados se les evaluó parámetros funcionales como el overrun, tiempo de caída de primera gota (TCPG) y el porcentaje de derretimiento (%D). Se realizó un análisis de varianza, con que el que se obtuvo que las diferencias entre los resultados de incorporación de aire (overrun) no fueron significativas (p

Currently, health and well-being are focus of research in the food industry, which should contribute to the proper functioning of the human body and confer other beneficial functions to it, thus, evidence the consumption of functional foods, such as yogurt. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) is widely distributed in Brazil, and the fruit can be consumed after processing or added to other foods, such as yoghurt. Therefore, this study aims to elaborate yoghurts and supplements of prebiotics, to evaluate their sensory acceptance and physical and chemical characteristics. Four formulations of açaí yogurt were formulated: F1 (yogurt with fiber addition and 10% of pulp), F2 (yogurt without addition of fibers and 10% of pulp), F3 (yogurt with fiber addition and 20% of pulp) and F4 (fiberless yogurt with 20% pulp). The yogurts were submitted to pH, water activity, instrumental color, soluble solids (TSS), sensory acceptability and purchase intention analyzes. Higher concentrations of pulps obtained products with lower Luminosity values (L *), but there was no variation of the SST and pH. Thus, a product with good sensory acceptability and physical and chemical characteristics was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales is the property of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales del Centro Agropecuario Sena Buga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inulin and polydextrose are food ingredients that can be used as bulking agents to replace raw materials such as sugar. A mix design with eight experimental runs was used, taking as limits the inulin content (0-15% w/w) and the polydextrose content (0-15% w/w). The sensory variables measured were: creaminess, sweetness, atypical bitter aftertaste, snap and global quality, and the rheological: plastic viscosity and yield stress. In sensory evaluation expert judges were used. The rheological values were measured using an Anton Paar MCR rheometer with concentric cylinder rotational system. Mathematical models were adjusted for the sensory attributes, except for the variables plastic viscosity and yield stress. The best chocolate formulation was selected, optimizing the sensory characteristics. An optimal formulation with 6.4% w/w inulin and 8.6% w/w polydextrose was obtained that represents 50% of sugar reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enteric infections cause diarrhea and death of lambs during weaning, representing economic loss. These infections have been treated with antibiotics; however, their inadequate use causes bacterial resistance. Prebiotics and probiotics can be an alternative to using antibiotics in lambs during weaning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of prebiotic of the inulin of Agave tequilana and Lactobacillus casei on the growth, ruminal and hematological variables, and blood metabolites in weaned lambs. The experimental design was completely randomized and the averages of the treatments were compared using the Tukey test. Treatments (T) were randomly assigned to 30 weaned male lambs (Katahdin x Dorset, 20.6 ±0.2 kg LW): T1: control (base diet); T2: T1 + 2 % inulin; and T3: T1 + 2 % inulin + L. casei. Evaluations included daily weight gain (DWG), dry matter consumption (DMC), fecal consistency and ruminal and hematological variables and blood metabolites. At the end of the study fecal samples were collected for count of total coliforms and lactobacilli. There were no differences (p>0.05) in DWG, FC and ruminal variables. The combination of inulin and L. casei increased (p≤0.05) the percentage of basophils and the population of lactobacilli. The population of total coliforms in feces was higher (p≤0.05) in the control group. The concentration of serum cholesterol decreased (p≤0.05) 10 and 7 % in T3 and T2, with respect to the control group. The inulin of A. tequilana and L. casei increased the concentration of probiotic bacteria in the digestive tube and the cells of the immune system and decreased the incidence of diarrhea without affecting DMC and DWG of the lambs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the addition of prebiotics rice bran, inulin and hi-maize, on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus in alginate microparticles obtained by external ionic gelation followed by freeze-drying. The microparticles size ranged from 127.5μm to 234.6μm. Microparticles added from the different prebiotics demonstrated an increase in the protection of the microorganism, which presented greater viability against the gastrointestinal simulation. As for storage under different conditions, rice bran treatment at 25ºC kept probiotics viable for 30 days. Under storage conditions -18°C and 7°C, treatments containing prebiotics hi-maize and rice bran maintained viable probiotic microorganisms for a period of 60 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influences of inulin on pasting, textural, and rheological properties of sweet potato starch (SPS) were explored. Subsequently, the interactions between inulin and SPS were analyzed. Results showed that inulin could make the pasting temperature increase and all viscosity parameters of SPS-inulin blends decline. With the increased inulin, SPS gel hardness decreased; while both springiness and resilience first increased and then decreased, and reached to the maximum at an addition level of 5%. SPS-inulin blends paste displayed a pseudoplastic and shear-thinning property. Results of dynamic viscoelasticity indicated that inulin improved liquid-like characteristics of SPS-inulin blends pastes, and temperature of G' Max, G"Max increased with the increase in inulin. Additionally, the swelling of SPS granules was obviously inhibited by inulin, and granules were mostly concentrated in the smaller. Inulin also greatly decreased the leached amylose content (p < 0.05). The interaction between SPS and inulin was the hydrogen bond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Content of inulin type fructan by mean a standardized procedure and using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was determined. A multifactorial design 2^3 by using Statgraphics V. 16 software was employed. Three independent variables at two levelstemperature: 333 K y 353 K; time: 5 and 25 min, and water yacon ratio of 3 mL/200 g and 7 mL/200 g were selected. The maximum yield was of 18 %. The optimal conditions for extracting were, time: 24 min; temperature: 352 K; and water volume-yacon mass ratio was 6, 9 mL/200 g. By using SuperPro Designer software the industrial-production technology was designed for a batch process. For a 100 kg per day-processing plant of raw materials an economic analysis was performed, and net present value (NPV) of 200 005, an Internal Rate Return (ITR) of 40 %, and a payback period of 19 months were obtained. The fermentation products of inulin type fructan at the colon act as subtracts and signaling of molecules in the regulation of immune response, the glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism, reducing the hyperglycemia, obesity, and colorectal cancer risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was to investigate the effects of administrating bromelain, inulin, or a mixture of these ingredients on different fecal parameters in a rat model. Our results showed that taking bromelain (120 CDU/kg body weight) apparently increased fecal moisture by 18% and declined fecal mucinase activity (−36.3%). The incorporation of inulin (260 mg/kg body weight) could also result in some desirable changes including increased fecal moisture by 19%, declined fecal mucinase activity (−43.9%). The feeding of same amounts of bromelain and inulin could lead to significant increases in the presumptive counts of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli as well as the concentrations of various fecal short chain fatty acids (by 54-95%). This study suggested that the consumption of bromelain and inulin together might exert favorable effects in improving certain fecal parameters, and provide more hints for the development of functional food formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution looks at the possibility of replacing acid-thinned corn starch by chicory inulin as gelling coagents in gummy jellies made with gelatin. A creamy gel could be formed after stirring (70°C/10 min) an inulin water solution (240 g kg−1) without previous cooking. Starch replacement by inulin (90 g kg−1 raw mass) in jellies provided a slightly softer, springier and stickier texture, enhanced strawberry, sweet and sour flavors, and hardly affected the red color. Inulin/Oligosaccharides remained without be degraded to free sugars in jellies after processing (mixing at 80°C and pH 3.2 for 5 min and further drying at 30% relative humidity and 25°C for 24 h). Therefore, chicory inulin acted as stable and neutral flavoring ingredient and can be used as gelling coagent to develop gummy jellies enriched in dietary fiber with potential prebiotic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henri-François Gaultier de Claubry (1792-1878) fue un farmacéutico químico francés, conocido especialmente por haber descubierto el almidón como reactivo para el yodo (junto con Colin), la síntesis of ésteres orgánicos y haluros alquílicos, la separación de la inulina, la naturaleza del alcohol amílico, colorantes, métodos analíticos para venenos y el uso del cloruros como desinfectantes.

Se estudió el efecto del prebiótico inulina y ácido fúlvico, adicionados en el alimento, sobre el crecimiento, supervivencia, prevalencia de WSSV y sistema inmune de Litopenaeus vannamei. Para esto, se realizó un bioensayo, con tratamientos por triplicado, donde se probaron diferentes concentraciones de los aditivos. Se hizo un análisis de WSSV en organismos infectados con una carga viral relativamente alta utilizando la PCR sencilla y anidada. Al final del bioensayo se extrajo la hemolinfa y se estudió el sistema inmune en hemocitos a nivel bioquímico y genético (PCR cuantitativo). El peso final fue similar en todos los tratamientos y la supervivencia estuvo entre 66,7% y 93,3%. La prevalencia de WSSV disminuyó un 13% respecto al control. El número de hemocitos, la actividad de la fenoloxidasa y la concentración de anión superóxido fueron similares en todos los tratamientos. Los aditivos modularon la expresión de los genes transglutaminasa, superóxido dismutasa y profenoloxidasa, pero no la del receptor Toll. Los aditivos no afectan negativamente el crecimiento y protegen al camarón contra WSSV en organismos infectados con una carga viral relativamente alta. No se observó efecto de los aditivos en los efectores del sistema inmune estudiados a nivel bioquímico pero si modularon la expresión de algunos genes relacionados con el sistema inmune en L. vannamei.

En este trabajo se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica de películas de almidón de yuca plastificadas con glicerol e inulina a diferentes concentraciones. Las soluciones formadoras de película se prepararon con 3% de almidón de yuca, inulina al 0,1, 0,5 y 1,0%, y 30% de glicerol con respecto a la materia seca. Las películas al 0,5 y 1% presentaron una disminución del esfuerzo de tensión y un aumento significativo del porcentaje de elongación, lo que reveló un efecto plastificante al adicionar inulina a la película. Además parámetros como una disminución de la solubilidad a pH bajos y mayor viscosidad de las soluciones formadoras de película hacen que sean las más adecuadas para actuar como agente encapsulantes y como recubrimientos de materiales sólidos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most microorganisms that are considered as probiotics have received much attention in recent scientific research, supporting their important role in improving bowel function in both human and animal health. Probiotics have the ability to modulate the immune system of the host, compete for colonization with pathogenic microorganisms and improve digestion of food. One disadvantage in the use of probiotics in food processing is the low viability of probiotics that may be affected by environmental conditions including air, humidity and temperature. An alternative to avoid these effects is by developing protective conditions that ensure the viability and activity of these microorganisms during use and food application, ensuring they are released into the intestine where their action is required. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the influence of spray drying technique with maltodextrin and inulin on viability of a consortium of three types of probiotic bacteria widely used in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is currently a growing interest in researching components of foods that have satiety power. Some constituents of dietary fiber have this characteristic, like the inulin that corresponds to a prebiotic. Objetive: Analyze and comment the effect of inulin on satiety in humans. Materials and method: A bibliographic search was made at the Scielo, and Oxford Journals databases, reviewing nutrition, and food items. Results: Studies were reviewed in different population groups, with different methods of evaluation of satiety and various doses of inulin. Controversial results was obtained, some cases showed an effect on satiety and others did not, therefore it is not possible to affirm that inulin has the effect of satiety in humans; an increase in satiety effect is observed when added to some individually satiating preparations. Conclusion: It is not possible to affirm that inulin has the effect of generating satiety in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Constipation is an intestinal dysfunction. Prebiotics, such as inulin, can improve bowel function by positively influencing intestinal biota. Aim: To analyze the scientific evidence for the role of inulin in improving bowel function in patients with chronic constipation. Methods: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials was conducted, grounded on a literature search for the period 1995-2013 (descriptors: inulin & constipation) on PubMed, ScieLo and Central Trials Register Cochrane databases. A total of 24 articles were found, 5 of them were selected for this meta-analysis, involving 252 subjects (experimental group: n = 144, control group: n = 108). The quality of the studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. Results: We found a significant overall effect of inulin on stool frequency (DEM = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.04, 1.34), stool consistency (Bristol scale) (DEM = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.70, 1.45), transit time (DEM = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.99, -0.15) and hardness of stool (RR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.70). Pain and bloating do not improve with inulin intake. Conclusions: inulin intake has a positive effect on bowel function.

Context: The potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) induces nephrotoxicity by oxidative stress mechanisms. Aims: To study the potential protection of an aqueous extract of Allium sativum against the K2Cr2O7-induced nephrotoxicity and lipid oxidation in rats. Methods: Twenty four hours after treatment, biomarkers such as proteinuria, creatinine clearance, malondialdehyde production, specific enzyme activity of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and alanine aminopeptidase, and renal clearance of para-aminohippuric acid and inulin were measured. Results: The K2Cr2O7 caused significant renal dysfunction, but A. sativum extract prevented this condition by improving all measured biomarkers. Conclusions: A single injection of K2Cr2O7 induced nephrotoxicity in rats, but the supply of an Allium sativum aqueous extract prevented the disorders caused by this metal.

Neste trabalho, foi avaliado o impacto da adição de inulina na aceitação sensorial e nas características microbiológicas e físico-químicas de um leite fermentado probiótico concentrado com maçã. Foram desenvolvidas três diferentes formulações com leite UHT: integral [I]; desnatado [D]; e desnatado com 1% de inulina (p/p) [IN]. Para a fermentação, foram utilizadas as bactérias láticas: Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 e Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5. Para a concentração do produto (separação de soro), utilizou-se um dessorador com o produto a 4 ºC por 12 horas. Com relação ao índice de aceitabilidade, não foi observada diferença significativa (p < 0,05) entre as formulações I, D e IN, que apresentaram, respectivamente, 82,9%, 78,0% e 75,1%. As três formulações estudadas apresentaram uma boa aceitação sensorial sendo que: 98% dos provadores atribuíram notas variando de 6 (gostei ligeiramente) a 9 (gostei muitíssimo) para a formulação I; 88% para a formulação D; e 82% para a IN. Em relação à contagem de Bifidobacterium, no dia do processamento, o produto apresentou 1,4×10(8) UFC/g, bem superior a 10(6) UFC/g, mínimo exigido pela legislação para que o produto possa ter alegação funcional de alimento probiótico. Após uma semana de armazenagem refrigerada, a formulação IN continha 9,6×10(7) UFC/g. Não foi observada diferença significativa na contagem deste probiótico durante o período de análise. O que determinou o fim da vida útil do produto foi a contagem de bolores e leveduras. Com relação aos sólidos totais e umidade, observou-se diferença significativa apenas entre a formulação D e IN, a I não diferiu das demais. O teor de proteína da I foi de 5,4%, mais baixo que o da D e da IN, que foram de 6,2%. O teor de gordura foi significativamente maior na I, igual a 3,9%, enquanto que para a D e IN não foi observada diferença significativa. Com relação à acidez, observou-se que a da IN foi superior às demais e não foi observada diferença com relação ao teor de cinzas. Esta pesquisa demonstrou ser possível produzir leite fermentado probiótico concentrado de maçã com inulina com boa aceitação sensorial, dentro das especificações da legislação vigente.

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Copyright of Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rapid advance of science and social needs at the present time along with rising growth of the population, the emergence of new diseases has stimulated the need to find new products that meet the above conditions, so it becomes essential to find energy sources conducive to social environment, which are renewable without affecting the environment, given this, it is important to mention that the inulin be converted to become an element due to its various applications, it's a polysaccharide fructan type present in numerous plant species that has been extensively studied at the laboratory scale, considerate prebiotic agent based on a thorough analysis of its natural sources and usable properties such as its processing in products generated, hence making it industrially viable. The aim of this paper is to review scientific literature, identifying inulin as an important element in the global productive field, the possibilities of production and the potential applications that have not been considered at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]