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The link between process tracing method and the data collection technique of elite interviewing is discussed. The merits of using non-probability sampling approaches to elite interviewing through the process tracing method are presented.

Objective: To determine the agreement between lay interviewers and experts in the diagnosis of migraine by questionnaire. Subjects: A population based sample of 1188 individuals aged 64 to 73 years. [...]

This article provides an analysis of a Dyadic Adjustment Scale questionnaire with a Confict Tactics Scale questionnaire when conducting a study on domestic violence. The authors found that both questionnaires overdiagnosed spousal distress when compared with interviews.

Gay men infected with HIV but not developing AIDS showed differing attitudes about their situation. In the first round of interviews 10 years after infection, the men were essentially concerned with changes in their lives since infection; 6 years later, focus was on uncertainty and uniqueness.

This paper attempts to breathe a little life into one of the most moribund corners of the methodological literature, namely the 'debate' on interview strategy and the supposed opposition between 'structured' and 'unstructured' approaches. From the very beginning, we tend to learn about interviewing as an issue concerning the pros and cons of each respective strategy. The choice of interviewing style is thus presented as a matter of inclination towards standardization versus sensitivity, enumeration versus emancipation, anonymity versus ardour, and so forth. All such distinctions are essentially method-driven and have resulted in extensive technical literatures on how to achieve the chosen ends. Forgotten, therefore, in most of the literature is the very purpose of the interview - namely to advance data in order to inspire/validate/falsify/ modify sociological explanation. This paper proposes a theory-driven approach to the construction of the interview. It takes on board two contemporary approaches to sociological understanding, namely a realist theory of explanation and a structurationist theory of social being, and attempts to incorporate their principles into the basic structure of the interview. The paper is illustrated with examples from the author's research with prisoners, and so hopes to inspire a dons and cons approach to the interview.

Clinical practice has long supported the use of structured interviews with both perpetrators and victims of sexual offenses. However, empirical studies have not examined the differential utility of structured interviews and self-report questionnaires for obtaining information about sex offenders' modus operandi. This investigation compared the ability of these two assessment approaches to provide details regarding sexual offenders' modus operandi from the perspective of victims, incarcerated offenders, and offenders in outpatient treatment. Study findings indicated that structured interviews and questionnaires yielded consistent information for most items across participant groups. For modus operandi items that were not consistently reported, more information was obtained via the questionnaire format. However, in one instance, the interview format obtained significantly more information about incarcerated offenders' use of threats and coercion to gain victim cooperation in sexual activity. Implications for child sexual abuse prevention, offender and victim treatment, and future research are discussed.

One hundred and eighteen inmates enrolled in a comprehensive residential drug treatment program were administered the Drug Lifestyle Screening Interview (DLSI) and followed for 2 years. A marginally significant predictive effect was observed in which subjects achieving elevated DLSI scores ([greater than or equal to]12) displayed more subsequent alcohol and drug misuse than lower scoring subjects, 21.7 versus 9.7%. The Lifestyle Criminality Screening Form (LCSF) enjoyed a somewhat stronger predictive relationship with future outcome in that 27.3% of the high scoring subjects (LCSF score [greater than or equal to]10) subsequently misused alcohol or other drugs as opposed to only 4.4% of the low scoring subjects. Regression analysis also revealed die superiority of the LCSF in predicting future outcome. These findings suggest that criminal background should be taken into account when evaluating the relapse potential of drug-involved offenders once they leave treatment., INTRODUCTION The Drug Lifestyle Screening Interview (DLSI) provides clinicians with a reliable and potentially functional technique for assessing the lifestyle that presumably evolves out of a person's abuse of various [...]

This study examines the test-retest reliability of two interview schedules (computer- and clinician-administered) in diagnosing lifetime comorbidity in treated substance abusers. The Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule (C-DIS) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) were both administered to 173 substance abusers after random assignment to one of two groups. Within I to 2 weeks, subjects in the first group repeated the C-DIS and subjects in the second group were reinterviewed by a different clinician, blind to the results of the initial SCID. Both instruments showed good to excellent reliability for DSM-III-R psychoactive substance use disorders with kappas ranging from .50 to .89 for individual disorders. However, the reliability of comorbid other mental disorders was substantially poorer on both instruments, particularly the SCID. C-DIS kappas ranged from -.05 for generalized anxiety to .70-for simple phobia. SCID kappas ranged from .31 for panic disorder to .83 for antisocial personality disorder. Anxiety disorders as a category, some phobic disorders, and antisocial personality disorder showed acceptable levels of test-retest reliability on both instruments. There was a trend for borderline or threshold cases to account for some of the disagreement on the C-DIS. Differences of opinion between clinicians on organicity accounted for some of the disagreements on panic disorder and major depression. The C-DIS, unlike the SCID, tended to diagnose more disorders at initial interview, perhaps a result of its tedious probe structure. Nether instrument should be administered only once to provide a reliable lifetime diagnostic profile of comorbidity in substance abusers., INTRODUCTION The terms 'comorbidity' or 'dual diagnosis' are used to describe the co-occurrence of psychoactive substance use and other mental disorders within the same individual. The Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) [...]

Fifty-seven boxes were recently returned to the Kurdish city of Sulaimaniya in Zeit trucks--large Russian military vehicles--by the Iraqi government authorities. Each box contained a dead child, eyes gouged out [...]

Data from doctor-patient communication in medical interviews are analyzed to explore whether interruptions serve as indicators of dominance and power. It is observed that physicians use interruptions as a symbol of status and power irrespective of gender, and that they result in longer interviews.

The development of a methodology to evaluate the effectiveness of interviews and private reports, as tools for inducing event recall in children, is described.

The types of interactional trouble that arise from narrative variation in institutional interviews are examined. Victims' narratives taking different shapes and paralegal responding to them in different pragmalinguistic ways are shown.

The participants in broadcast news interviews displaying their orientations to a social distribution of knowledge regarding newsworthy events and actors are investigated. The aspects of question design establishing relevance for interviewees' responses and shaping news content are examined.

The healing effects of storytelling, particularly in times of acute life crises based on research interviews with survivors of the Shoah and their families, in the context of counseling such families, are discussed. The limits in this kind of biographical-narrative interviews with people experiencing such acute life crises are presented.

Qualitative research using unstructured interactive interviews provides the participants with the ability to control the interview, but may cause some emotional distress. The literature regarding the evidence of the benefits and risks related to the use of qualitative interview for sensitive topics is studied, and it results in the conclusion that the risks involved in these interviews are of the same intensity as one experiences in everyday life.

Advice about developing a dossier that will get job candidates noticed is given. Suggestions for telephone and campus interviews are also mentioned.

The types of interactional trouble that arise from narrative variation in institutional interviews are examined. Victims' narratives taking different shapes and paralegal responding to them in different pragmalinguistic ways are shown.

The participants in broadcast news interviews displaying their orientations to a social distribution of knowledge regarding newsworthy events and actors are investigated. The aspects of question design establishing relevance for interviewees' responses and shaping news content are examined.

What wine is so sparkling, what so fragrant, what so intoxicating, as possibility!--Kierkegaard With Pope Francis we have new wine calling for new wineskins--so many 'firsts.' First pope to choose [...]