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The research aimed to study genres of explaining the chain of transmission with apparent impurities according to Ibn Baz. The study used the narrative method. The research consisted of two sections on introducing Ibn Baz, the reasons, and Ibn Baz’s approach to explaining the chain of transmission with apparent impurities. The findings of this study revealed that Ibn Baz expands in Isnad justification (i.e. apparent rudes) based on the expansion of using the rude in its wide linguistic usage. The aspects of this were:narrator weakness and ignorance, and Apparent interruption. The researcher recommends to show the contribution of Hadith for Ibn Baz in general and Criticism of the Prophet's hadith in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuous treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor + immunotherapy against the PD1 is one option for upfront treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, but this is characterised by toxicity leading to treatment interruption or discontinuation. The TIDE-A investigated the axitinib withdrawal and avelumab maintenance in patients achieving a response during the combo treatment, reporting resolution of axitinib-related toxicity. The median progression-free survival was 23.8 mo, while the duration of treatment interruption was 16 wk. Combinations of VEGFR-TKIs plus ICI against PD1/PD-L1 are the standard first-line therapy for patients with mRCC, irrespective of the prognostic class. This study aims to investigate the feasibility and safety of withdrawing the VEGFR-TKI but continuing the anti- PD1/PD-L1 in patients who achieve response to their combination. This was a single-arm phase 2 trial in patients with treatment naïve mRCC with prior nephrectomy, without symptomatic/bulky disease and no liver metastases. Enrolled patients received axitinib+avelumab, after 36 weeks of therapy those who achieved tumor response interrupted axitinib and continued avelumab maintenance until disease progression. The primary endpoint was the rate of patients without progression eight weeks after the axitinib interruption. Secondary endpoints were the median value for progression free (mPFS) and overall survival (mOS) and the safety in the overall population. 79 patients were enrolled and 75 evaluated for efficacy. A total of 29 (38%) patients had axitinib withdrawn, as per the study design, with 72% of them having no progression after eight weeks and thus achieving the primary endpoint. The mPFS of the overall population was 24 months while the mOS was not reached. The ORR was 76% (12% CR, 64% PR), with 19% of patients having stable disease. In the patients who discontinued axitinib, the incidence of AEs of any grade was 59% and 3% for grade 3 or 4. This study was limited by the lack of the comparative arm. The TIDE-A study demonstrates that the withdrawal of VEGFR-TKI with ICI maintenance is feasible for selected mRCC patients with evidence of response to the VEGFR-TKI+ICI combination employed in first-line therapy. Axitinib interruption with avelumab maintenance led to decreased side effects and should be further investigated as a new strategy to delay tumor progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heidegger qualifies his work with the surprising assertion "I have no philosophy at all." In this paper, I argue that, to make sense of this odd claim, we must carefully investigate his reflections on philosophical showing. While Heidegger never finished the segment of Being and Time intended to address this issue explicitly, the clues he offers in the published portion of the text indicate that, for him, successful philosophical showing takes place not primarily through a coherent collection of philosophical assertions – that is, through "having a philosophy" – but rather through a certain well-placed interruption of these assertions: an interruption that, when employed in the right context and in the right manner, successfully points out certain particularly elusive phenomena. As I demonstrate, this mode of showing requires that we quite radically rethink what Heidegger is doing – and what we ourselves are doing – in philosophical inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artistic research in music often relies on a combination of thinking and experimenting in music and reflecting on these experiences outside musical time. However, the way in which out-of-time reflection can build on in-time musical thinking is rarely problematised. In this text, I develop a vision that relates critical and reflective ability in musical artistic research to the ability of the researcher to change or alternate positions in relation to the stream of musical events. Thus, a perspective of artistic research as an interruptive practice emerges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interruptions are often pervasive and require attentional shifts from the primary task. Limited data are available on the factors influencing individuals' efficiency in resuming from interruptions during digital reading. The reported investigation--conducted using the InteRead dataset--examined whether individual differences in visuo-spatial working memory capacity (vsWMC) and prior knowledge could influence resumption lag times during interrupted reading. Participants' vsWMC capacity was assessed using the symmetry span (SSPAN) task, while a pre-test questionnaire targeted their background knowledge about the text. While reading an extract from a Sherlock Holmes story, they were interrupted six times and asked to answer an opinion question. Our analyses revealed that the interaction between vsWMC and prior knowledge significantly predicted the time needed to resume reading following an interruption. The results from our analyses are discussed in relation to theoretical frameworks of task resumption and current research in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the widespread development and use of chatbots, there is a lack of audio-based interruption datasets. This study provides a dataset of 200 manually annotated interruptions from a broader set of 355 data points of overlapping utterances. The dataset is derived from the Group Affect and Performance dataset managed by the University of the Fraser Valley, Canada. It includes both audio files and transcripts, allowing for multi-modal analysis. Given the extensive literature and the varied definitions of interruptions, it was necessary to establish precise definitions. The study aims to provide a comprehensive dataset for researchers to build and improve interruption prediction models. The findings demonstrate that classification models can generalize well to identify interruptions based on this dataset's audio. This opens up research avenues with respect to interruption-related topics, ranging from multi-modal interruption classification using text and audio modalities to the analysis of group dynamics. Dataset:  https://zenodo.org/records/8318812. Dataset License: CC-BY-NC 4.0 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemiazygos continuation of a left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is an extremely rare developmental anomaly. We present the case of a male patient in whom this condition was incidentally discovered during a thoraco-abdominopelvic CT scan. With the widespread use of contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography, the detection of congenital IVC anomalies has become more accessible. These anomalies are often found incidentally during imaging performed for other clinical reasons. Awareness of this anomaly is crucial before any surgical or endovascular procedures to avoid potential complications.

The racial mismatch between the overwhelmingly white teaching force and an increasingly heterogeneous student population continues to widen (Boucher, M. (2016). Urban Education, 51(1), 82–107.) with pernicious implications for BIPOC students "who are systematically marginalized by the institution of schooling" (Kinloch, V., & Dixon, K. (2017). English Teaching: Practice & Critique, 16(3), p. 332). This article employs critical whiteness studies to examine one white teacher's progress toward antiracist praxis. By "problematizing the normality of hegemonic whiteness" (Matias et al.. (2014). Equity & Excellence in Education, 47(3), p.291), critical whiteness studies expose the ways that whiteness and white people's resistance to acknowledging their whiteness upholds racism and systems of racial injustice. Analysis uncovered two shifts: 1) from a deficit perspective to an asset-based stance, and 2) from a dominant culture curriculum to a culturally relevant and sustaining curriculum that centered family and community. The conclusion offers recommendations for integrating antiracist praxis into pedagogy and ways of being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to find out the dominant types of interruptions employed by participants and to find out the purposes of interruptions done by the participants of Ellen DeGeneres show. This research employed quantitative descriptive research. The subjects of this research were two of the most viewed videos uploaded from October-November 2020. The interruption employed by the participants and the purposes of interruptions done by the participants were classified using an instrument datasheet following Murata’s theory. The first results of this research show that interruptions types done by the participants of the Ellen DeGeneres show namely cooperative and intrusive, and the dominant types employed in the Ellen DeGeneres show was a cooperative interruption. The second result finding showed all that the purposes of interruptions done by the participants of the Ellen DeGeneres show namely agreement, assistance, clarification, disagreement, floor-taking, and tangentialization.

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Many cancer patients have not received timely treatment or even had treatment interruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate whether the prognosis of patients with breast cancer after surgery was affected by any interruptions in radiotherapy. Methods: The healthcare documents for breast cancer patients experiencing radiotherapy interruption after surgery, including treatment-related characteristics, and time of interruption, type of disease progression, and survival status, were collected between January and April 2020 during the Wuhan blockade. Results: The final number of patients included was 148, and neither the Kaplan- Meier (KM) survival curve nor the cross-tabulation analysis found statistical significance. Cox regression analysis also did not identify risk factors associated with PFS. Conclusions: The prognosis of patients with postoperative breast cancer may not be significantly impacted by the interruption of radiotherapy, given its integration with additional treatments like targeted and endocrine therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 2017 and 2019, I created three temporary artistic interventions in public spaces in which passers-by could discover, interact with or ignore different materials related to libraries as social, public systems. During my work with the first, Expired Outdoors (2017), serendipity emerged as a principle I became interested in exploring further. In two consecutive installations, serendipity gradually manifested itself both as an interface between my installations and their audience and as a creative strategy guiding my choices of contexts and materials. Upon invitation from editor Olga Schmedling, in this article I discuss aspects of serendipity in the three projects, proposing to understand serendipity as instances of interruption rather than as accidental discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless Sensor Network suffers from the problem of interruption in connectivity due to node's malfunctioning. Incompatible ecological surroundings where sensor nodes are being positioned along with their limited battery living are the main reasons of node's malfunction which splits the wireless sensor network into numerous parts. This consequence in network cut. This study article focuses on the issue of cuts and connectivity restoration in wireless sensor network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometriosis is a debilitating and incurable disease impacting one in ten women (including individuals assigned female at birth). Stirred by my battle with this disease, I devoted my doctoral research to exploring lived body experiences of endo in and through an embodied, improvisational painscape practice. This discussion hones in on the later stages of research development and eventual public presentation of Nether Space(s): a performance/exhibition marrying movement, kinaesthetic painting and embodied poetry into a cohesive painscape. Although Nether Space(s) exposes the often concealed or invisible suffering related to gendered disabilities like endometriosis, the negotiations with time, space, energy and expression likely resonate with individuals who endure various kinds of menstrual, reproductive or chronic pain. In disseminating the research journey, this article demonstrates how engaging with the physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual scars of unfathomable pain experiences implicitly necessitates the integration of interdisciplinary methodologies and critical perspectives. Specifically, I pinpoint how an artistic practice shaped and birthed from endo experiences champions improvisational prowess, feminist inquiry and crip identity. The shared imagery, poetry and personal accounts of the various creative outcomes associated with Nether Space(s), further reveal that an improvisational feminist-crip performance practice can facilitate embodied agency by cripping endo pain. Notably, idiosyncratic attributes of Nether Space(s), some of which include scar symbolism; alternative spatialities, temporalities or energies; or convergences of narrative and abstract, are unpacked through the lens of netherness – an original construct that emerged as a pivotal revelation of the research journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundQuality laboratory services are key in the healthcare system for successful diagnosis and patient care. Uninterrupted laboratory services are needed to meet the needs of all patients and clinical personnel, but studies in developing nations revealed that most clinicians were dissatisfied due to the lack of quality laboratory services and frequent interruptions.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the level of health laboratory service quality, service interruptions, and its predictors in public Hospitals in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia.MethodA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital and Jugel General Hospital between January and April 2024. Data collection utilized Standardized Stepwise Laboratory Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) checklists and questionnaires based on the Ethiopian Hospital Standard Transformation Guidelines. Data were entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 26. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, proportions, and means, were calculated. Binary and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify predictors with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and a cut-off p-values

Interruptions are often pervasive and require attentional shifts from the primary task. Limited data are available on the factors influencing individuals' efficiency in resuming from interruptions during digital reading. The reported investigation—conducted using the InteRead dataset—examined whether individual differences in visuo-spatial working memory capacity (vsWMC) and prior knowledge could influence resumption lag times during interrupted reading. Participants' vsWMC capacity was assessed using the symmetry span (SSPAN) task, while a pre-test questionnaire targeted their background knowledge about the text. While reading an extract from a Sherlock Holmes story, they were interrupted six times and asked to answer an opinion question. Our analyses revealed that the interaction between vsWMC and prior knowledge significantly predicted the time needed to resume reading following an interruption. The results from our analyses are discussed in relation to theoretical frameworks of task resumption and current research in the field.

Abstract In classic visual search, observers typically search for the presence of a target in a scene or display. In foraging tasks, there may be multiple targets in the same display (or “patch”). Observers typically search for and collect these target items in one patch until they decide to leave that patch and move to the next one. This is a highly rule-governed behavior. The current study investigated whether these rules are disrupted when the foraging is interrupted in various manners. In Experiment 1, the foraging was briefly interrupted and then resumed in the same patch. In Experiments 2 and 3, the foraging in each patch either ended voluntarily or compulsorily after a fixed amount of time. In these cases, foraging resumed in a patch only after all patches were visited. Overall, the rules of foraging remained largely intact, though Experiment 2 shows that foraging rules can be overridden by the demand characteristics of the task. The results show that participants tended to perform approximately consistently despite interruptions. The results suggest that foraging behavior in a relatively simple foraging environment is resilient and not easily disrupted by interruption.

Abstract Background Operating rooms are complex working environments with high workloads and high levels of cognitive demand. The first surgical count which occurs during the chaotic preoperative stage and is considered a critical phase, is a routine task in ORs. Interruptions often occur during the first surgical count; however, little is known about the first surgical counting interruptions. This study aimed to observe and analyse the sources, outcomes, frequency of the first surgical counting interruptions and responses to interruptions. Methods A retrospective observational study was carried out to examine the occurrence of the first surgical counting interruptions between 1st August 2023 and 30th September 2023. The data were collected using the “Surgical Counting Interruption Event Form”, which was developed by the researchers specifically for this study. Results A total of 66 circulating nurses (CNs) and scrub nurses (SNs) were observed across 1015 surgeries, with 4927.8 min of surgical count. The mean duration of the first surgical count was 4.85 min, with a range of 1.03 min to 9.51 min. In addition, 697 interruptions were identified, with full-term interruptions occurring an average of 8.7 times per hour. The most frequent source of interruption during the first surgical counts was instruments (N = 144, 20.7%). The first surgical counting interruptions mostly affected the CN (336 times; 48.2%), followed by the ORNs (including CNs and SNs) (243 times; 34.9%) and the SN (118 times; 16.9%). Most of the outcomes of interruptions were negative, and the majority of the nurses responded immediately to interruptions. Conclusions The frequency of the first surgical counting interruption is high. Managers should develop interventions for interruptions based on different surgical specialties and different nursing roles.

AbstractThis study presents the experimental findings investigating the effect of different interruptions on stress levels and validates indicators for interruption detection based on machine learning. Data were collected from one hundred and four subjects across simulated office-like tasks (i.e., writing and problem-solving) by four interruption types (i.e., distraction, intrusion, break, and multitasking). Behavioral data (RT and error rate), physiological signals (HR and EDR), and subjective ratings were recorded. Features based on ANOVA were extracted and entered into the classification models as inputs to examine how well different variables could be used to evaluate interruptions. Different stress outcomes were found on objective and subjective measures by interruption type. Also, we found that a combination of physiological signals, behavioral data, and subjective ratings provides the best accuracy. Additionally, the results suggest that task performance is a more reliable indicator than subjective ratings for interruption measurement and classification. This study uses methods that could be adapted for office workers, and the results provide preliminary support for developing an early interruption detection system. The methods employed in this research may benefit office staff, and the results offer preliminary support for developing an early interruption detection system to enhance worker health and company productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In classic visual search, observers typically search for the presence of a target in a scene or display. In foraging tasks, there may be multiple targets in the same display (or "patch"). Observers typically search for and collect these target items in one patch until they decide to leave that patch and move to the next one. This is a highly rule-governed behavior. The current study investigated whether these rules are disrupted when the foraging is interrupted in various manners. In Experiment 1, the foraging was briefly interrupted and then resumed in the same patch. In Experiments 2 and 3, the foraging in each patch either ended voluntarily or compulsorily after a fixed amount of time. In these cases, foraging resumed in a patch only after all patches were visited. Overall, the rules of foraging remained largely intact, though Experiment 2 shows that foraging rules can be overridden by the demand characteristics of the task. The results show that participants tended to perform approximately consistently despite interruptions. The results suggest that foraging behavior in a relatively simple foraging environment is resilient and not easily disrupted by interruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current measurement systems based on the IEEE-1159 standard have some limitations and robustness problems under noisy and fast-changing conditions. Besides, applying different methods for each Power Quality Disturbance (PQD) to every window is required but time-consuming and not feasible. Therefore, different kinds of two-stage methods, Detection and Classification (D&C), have been improved in many studies. Then, the required measurement can be performed to define disturbance. For this purpose, a new approach based on features of subcomponents with Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) to detect and classify PQDs is proposed. 21-class dataset including single and multiple PQDs under different noisy conditions was prepared randomly. Of this dataset, determined features were extracted and some of these were selected. Then, selected features were trained and tested with some MLAs in a workstation. Results obtained from comparative MLAs and the other classification methods show that the best MLA with related features is Random Forest with 96.97% while LightGBM, k-Nearest Neighbors, and XGBoost 96.85%, 96.73%, and 92.82% accuracy, respectively. Because the selected features, optimized parameters, and the related MLA were obtained by investigating for features provided from the PQDs in the whole parameter space, this approach brings the advantages of high accuracy, low D&C complexity, and computing load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to investigate fragmentation and interruption in Foucault’s concept of the subject, power and madness. The research explores the concept of fragmentation in modernity, particularly in relation to subjectivity, power, and madness. It discusses how the shift towards individualism and the erosion of traditional values have led to a sense of disconnection and fragmentation in society.The research states that fragmentation produces multiplicity of meanings and fragments the concept of the subject in which we have a new kind of fragmented subjectivity that is defined by multiplicity. While fragmentation of the subject can lead to madness, it gives an important linear narrative. The research also delves into the role of power in shaping subjectivity and the ways in which language and discourse contribute to fragmentation. Furthermore, it examines the connection between madness and language, as well as the exploration of madness in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition can alter soil microbial communities and further impact the structure and function of forest ecosystems. However, most studies are focused on positive or negative effects after nitrogen addition, and few studies pay attention to its interruption. In order to investigate whether interruption after different levels of short-term N additions still benefit soil health, we conducted a 2-year interruption after a 4-year short-term nitrogen addition (10 and 20 kg N·hm−2·yr−1) experiment; then, we compared soil microbial diversity and structure and analyzed soil physicochemical properties and their correlations before and after the interruption in Larix olgensis forest soil in northeast China. The results showed that soil ecological stabilization of Larix olgensis forest further improved after the interruption compared to pre-interruption. The TN, C:P, N:P, and C:N:P ratios increased significantly regardless of the previous nitrogen addition concentration, and soil nutrient cycling was further promoted. The relative abundance of the original beneficial microbial taxa Gemmatimonas, Sphingomonas, and Pseudolabrys increased; new beneficial bacteria Ellin6067, Massilia, Solirubrobacter, and Bradyrhizobium appeared, and the species of beneficial soil microorganisms were further improved. The results of this study elucidated the dynamics of the bacterial community before and after the interruption of short-term nitrogen addition and could provide data support and a reference basis for forest ecosystem restoration strategies and management under the background of global nitrogen deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Operating rooms are complex working environments with high workloads and high levels of cognitive demand. The first surgical count which occurs during the chaotic preoperative stage and is considered a critical phase, is a routine task in ORs. Interruptions often occur during the first surgical count; however, little is known about the first surgical counting interruptions. This study aimed to observe and analyse the sources, outcomes, frequency of the first surgical counting interruptions and responses to interruptions. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out to examine the occurrence of the first surgical counting interruptions between 1st August 2023 and 30th September 2023. The data were collected using the "Surgical Counting Interruption Event Form", which was developed by the researchers specifically for this study. Results: A total of 66 circulating nurses (CNs) and scrub nurses (SNs) were observed across 1015 surgeries, with 4927.8 min of surgical count. The mean duration of the first surgical count was 4.85 min, with a range of 1.03 min to 9.51 min. In addition, 697 interruptions were identified, with full-term interruptions occurring an average of 8.7 times per hour. The most frequent source of interruption during the first surgical counts was instruments (N = 144, 20.7%). The first surgical counting interruptions mostly affected the CN (336 times; 48.2%), followed by the ORNs (including CNs and SNs) (243 times; 34.9%) and the SN (118 times; 16.9%). Most of the outcomes of interruptions were negative, and the majority of the nurses responded immediately to interruptions. Conclusions: The frequency of the first surgical counting interruption is high. Managers should develop interventions for interruptions based on different surgical specialties and different nursing roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water resources variability and availability in a basin affect river flows and sustain river ecosystems. Climate change and human activities disrupt runoff sequences, causing water environmental issues like river channel interruptions. Therefore, determining ecological flow in changing environments is challenging in hydrological research. Based on an analysis of long-term changes in hydrological and meteorological variables and interruption conditions in the semi-arid Liu River Basin (LRB), this study summarizes the controlling factors of river interruption at different temporal and spatial scales and proposes a framework to determine ecological flow under changing environments. Hydrological model and the monthly optimal probability distribution were used to determine the optimal ecological runoff of LRB. The results showed that from 1956 to 2017, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in the basin showed no significant decreasing trend, but the streamflow significantly decreased, and the downstream interruption worsened, with an average annual interruption duration of 194 days at Xinmin Station from 1988 to 2017. The controlling factors of river interruption are as follows: (1) soil and water conservation measures in the upstream significantly reduce the runoff capacity; (2) the operation mode of the controlling reservoir in the middle reaches changes from "all-year discharge" to "winter storage and spring release" to "combined storage and supply," severing the hydraulic connection between upstream and downstream; and (3) siltation in the downstream river channel coupled with over-extraction of groundwater increases the seepage capacity of the river. The monthly ecological flow of Naodehai Reservoir was determined by considering the monthly seepage losses after reconstructing the natural runoff using the SWAT model and determining the optimal probability distribution function for monthly runoff. The findings are important for downstream LRB ecological restoration and for determining the ecological flow of other river basins in changing environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Have you ever been in the trenches of a complicated study only to be interrupted by a not-so urgent phone-call? We were, repeatedly– unfortunately. : To increase productivity of radiologists by quantifying the main source of interruptions (phone-calls) to the workflow of radiologists, and too assess the implemented solution. : To filter calls to the radiology consultant on duty, we introduced an automatic voicemail and custom call redirection system. Thus, instead of directly speaking with radiology consultants, clinicians were to first categorize their request and dial accordingly: 1. Inpatient requests, 2. Outpatient requests, 3. Directly speak with the consultant radiologist. Inpatient requests (1) and outpatient requests (2) were forwarded to MRI technologists or clerks, respectively. Calls were monitored in 15-minute increments continuously for an entire year (March 2022 until and including March 2023). Subsequently, both the frequency and category of requests were assessed. : 4803 calls were recorded in total: 3122 (65 %) were forwarded to a radiologist on duty. 870 (18.11 %) concerned inpatients, 274 (5.70 %) outpatients, 430 (8.95 %) dialed the wrong number, 107 (2.23 %) made no decision. Throughout the entire year the percentage of successfully avoided interruptions was relatively stable and fluctuated between low to high 30 % range (Mean per month 35 %, Median per month 34.45 %). : This is the first analysis of phone-call interruptions to consultant radiologists in an imaging department for 12 continuous months. More than 35 % of requests did not require the input of a specialist trained radiologist. Hence, installing an automated voicemail and custom call redirection system is a sustainable and simple solution to reduce phone-call interruptions by on average 35 % in radiology departments. This solution was well accepted by referring clinicians. The installation required a one-time investment of only 2h and did not cost any money. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Adverse surgical events are a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability worldwide. The cause of many such events can be attributed to interruptions in the operating room (OR), multitasking by surgeons, etc. The objective of this study was to observe the types and frequency of intraoperative workflow interruptions in our ORs. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April of 2023. An observational approach using an audio-video recording device was employed to record OR flow disruptions. One elective OR and one emergency OR under the Department of General Surgery were selected for the study. All open and laparoscopic surgeries conducted in the selected ORs were included. An Internet Protocol camera was installed in the selected ORs with a view of the entire room, including the anesthesia station. Audio-video recording was started after the first incision and stopped after closure of the surgical site. Result: Of the 51 cases that were studied, 45 (88.2%) were elective, and 18 (35.3%) were laparoscopic cases. They could be classified into 8 types of open procedures and 4 types of laparoscopic procedures. The mean maximum headcount inside the OR was 15.5 ± 3.6 and doors opened on average of 15.8 ± 6.0 times during a procedure. Other interruptions were surgeons attending phone calls (24, 47.1%), leaving the sterile area (21, 41.2%), technical disturbances (32, 62.7%), anesthetic interruptions (18, 35.3%), and faulty instruments (29, 56.9%). Elective procedures had a significantly higher average number of interruptions per operating hour than emergency procedures (17.5 ± 8.6 vs. 7.1 ± 2.9, p

Copyright of Teoría de la Educación. Revista Interuniversitaria is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Derecho Privado is the property of Fundacion Fernando Fueyo Laneri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Visual search, the process of trying to find a target presented among distractors, is a much-studied cognitive task. Less well-studied is the condition in which the search task is interrupted before the target is found. The consequences of such interruptions in visual search have been investigated across various disciplines, which has resulted in diverse and at times contradictory findings. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a more cohesive understanding of the effects of interruptions in visual search. For this purpose, we identified 28 studies that met our inclusion criteria. To facilitate a more organized and comprehensive analysis, we grouped the studies based on three dimensions: the search environment, the interruption aftermath, and the type of the interrupting event. While interruptions in visual search are variable and manifest differently across studies, our review provides a foundational scheme for a more cohesive understanding of the subject. This categorization serves as a starting point for exploring potential future directions, which we delineate in our conclusions.

Between 2017 and 2019, I created three temporary artistic interventions in public spaces in which passers-by could discover, interact with or ignore different materials related to libraries as social, public systems. During my work with the first, Expired Outdoors (2017), serendipity emerged as a principle I became interested in exploring further. In two consecutive installations, serendipity gradually manifested itself both as an interface between my installations and their audience and as a creative strategy guiding my choices of contexts and materials. Upon invitation from editor Olga Schmedling, in this article I discuss aspects of serendipity in the three projects, proposing to understand serendipity as instances of interruption rather than as accidental discovery.

Despite the widespread development and use of chatbots, there is a lack of audio-based interruption datasets. This study provides a dataset of 200 manually annotated interruptions from a broader set of 355 data points of overlapping utterances. The dataset is derived from the Group Affect and Performance dataset managed by the University of the Fraser Valley, Canada. It includes both audio files and transcripts, allowing for multi-modal analysis. Given the extensive literature and the varied definitions of interruptions, it was necessary to establish precise definitions. The study aims to provide a comprehensive dataset for researchers to build and improve interruption prediction models. The findings demonstrate that classification models can generalize well to identify interruptions based on this dataset’s audio. This opens up research avenues with respect to interruption-related topics, ranging from multi-modal interruption classification using text and audio modalities to the analysis of group dynamics.

Transmission lines are essential for access to clean and affordable energy sources, Sustainable Development Goal 7. Wildfires are an important factor in the degradation of the quality of public transmission service provision. This work sought to build a model to predict the outage of a transmission line when exposed to a wildfire. The characteristics analysed of the spans exposed to fires of twelve transmission lines at a voltage level of 500 kV in Brazil totalled 3,998 km. The logistic regression technique was used for the study. It was possible to reach a model with a hit rate higher than 73% for the occurrence of transmission line outages. The quantity of fire outbreaks, the climatic variables, and the type of biome of the spans were observed to be the best predictive variables available. The temperature rise can potentially increase the number of outages caused by wildfires.

This article contends that St. John of the Cross provides a helpful perspective on envisioning the redemptive possibilities of COVID-19 through the paradigm of "interruption." After reflecting on Old and New Testament stories of traumatic disruption, a biblical and theological foundation is established for redemptive outcomes of life-altering interruption. Next, John's dark night of the soul theology is discussed in relation to persistent seasons of physical and emotional challenge. Three interruptive qualities of his night—discomfort, disillusionment, and discouragement—reveal his perspective on its redeeming potential for Christian faith. Then, through interrogating contemporary notions of (1) happiness, (2) success, and (3) self-worth, John shows how they often work against the transforming capacity of faith. In doing so, COVID-19 can be envisioned as a gift of redemptive interruption. The article concludes with a summary of key points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long career of hiatus – as a heuristic and archaeological reality – in southern Africa’s past demonstrates how episodes of interruption (which differs from rupture) offer insight into expulsion. I emphasize the cadences of interruptions, associations with movement (or lack thereof) and violence, and the role of non-human participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2019 revolt in Chile touched and exposed the mythical violence involved in the establishment and preservation of political‐legal orders (Benjamin). The demand for the New Constitution and the (ineffective?) process of its elaboration could have been key moments of that exposition, but never its final destination or the legal body in which the revolt could have been hosted and translated. It was not the demands of the revolt that put the established legal‐political order in check but the constitution without Constitution of a collective and vital political power (potencia) that, once and again, resisted being subjected by force—by the force of instituted law—to the legal‐political pact within whose framework it was supposedly irrevocably destined to move, be recognized, and raise its demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifth generation (5G) networks support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB). The coexistence of URLLC and eMBB is often organized by non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), giving priority to URLLC and resulting in eMBB quality of service (QoS) degradation. In this paper, we address the issue of joint URLLC and eMBB transmission, focusing on the problem from the perspective of delay-tolerant eMBB. Due to the priority given to URLLC, we assume that an eMBB session may be interrupted if there are no free resources available for URLLC or delayed when a new eMBB session arrives. To make the scheme more flexible, we propose that interrupted and delayed eMBB sessions periodically check for free resources, rather than continuously. To analyze this scenario, we propose a retrial queuing system with two retrial buffers (orbits) for interrupted and delayed eMBB sessions. The stationary probability distribution, provided in matrix form by recursive formulas, is presented. The paper concludes with a numerical example showing that the scheme with two buffers, compared to one buffer, practically doubles the average number of active eMBB sessions while keeping the interruption probability below 0.001. We provide an illustration of the configuration of eMBB retrial rates to meet its QoS requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key clinical message: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is an antenatal anatomical defect characterized by pituitary insufficiency with symptomatology depending on associated hormonal deficits. Diagnosis is often delayed because many clinical findings. The gold standard for detection is pituitary MRI showing absence of pituitary stalk, anterior pituitary hypoplasia, and postpituitary ectopy. The treatment remains polyhormonal substitution. Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is an antenatal anatomical defect. It is characterized by pituitary insufficiency with symptomatology depending on associated hormonal deficits. Diagnosis of PSIS is often delayed probably because of various clinical characteristics findings. Pituitary imaging abnormality is a specific indicator of hypopituitarism. The symptomatological triad associates a very thin or interrupted pituitary stalk, an ectopic or absent pituitary gland and hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary gland. The gold standard for detection is pituitary MRI. Some genetic factors are associated with the disease. The treatment remains polyhormonal substitution depending on the associated deficits. We reported the case of a 14‐year‐old child with growth retardation in whom the biological work‐up and pituitary MRI concluded that the diagnosis was PSIS with growth hormone deficiency. The treatment implemented was a recombinant growth hormone treatment. The immediate outcome was marked by a regression of symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate is the property of University of Brasilia, Center for Sustainable Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Organizational research has long emphasized the importance of physical space in structuring opportunities for social interaction among workers. Using 14 months of field research during an office redesign at a large team-based sales company, I find that the adoption of non-territorial space—a change from assigned cubicles to an unassigned mix of spaces—substantially increased worker control over social interaction. Whereas the old territorial space rendered workers constantly accessible to others, the new non-territorial space altered information about workers' location and availability preferences, enabling new strategies for hiding in the space and signaling availability to others through workspace selection. This led to greater reliance on virtual or asynchronous communication technologies, and less unwanted interruption in the new non-territorial space. The findings identify how the non-territorial dimension of office space affects worker control over social interaction. They also reveal the social practices through which individuals actively use material and symbolic resources in the physical environment to avoid cognitive and temporal costs of unwanted interruption. The study complements dominant structural accounts with a richer theorization of individual agency—while physical spaces certainly structure opportunities for social interaction, they also structure the strategies that individuals can use to actively manage social interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lege Artis Medicine (LAM) is the property of LifeTime Media Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract In the extensive urban rail transit network, interruptions will lead to service delays on the current line and spread to other lines, forcing many passengers to wait, detour, or even give up their trips. This paper proposes an event-driven simulation method to evaluate the impact of interruptions on passenger flow distribution. With this method, passengers are regarded as individual agents who can obtain complete information about the current traffic situation, and the impact of the occurrence, duration, and recovery of interruption events on passengers’ travel decisions is analyzed in detail. Then, two modes are used to assign passenger paths: experience-based pre-trip mode and response-based entrap mode. In the simulation process, the train is regarded as an individual agent with a fixed capacity. With the advance of the simulation clock, the network loading is completed through the interaction of the three agents of passengers, platforms, and trains. Interruption events are considered triggers, affecting other agents by affecting network topology and train schedules. Finally, taking Chongqing Metro as an example, the accuracy and effectiveness of the model are analyzed and verified. And the impact of interruption on passenger flow distribution indicators such as inbound volume, outbound volume, and transfer volume is studied from both the individual and overall dimensions. The results show that this study provides an effective method for calculating the passenger flow distribution of an extensive urban rail transit network in the case of interruption.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease which requires prolonged treatment and having both medical and social dimensions. Adherence to treatment is very important issue in successful treatment of TB. Directly observed therapy was a key strategy in The Revised National TB Control Program. However, treatment interruption is very common. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the nature, extent, and reasons for interruption of treatment in Bhatar TB Unit (TU) of Purba Bardhaman district of West Bengal. Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with two components. The study was conducted in the area covered under Bhatar TU of Burdwan district of West Bengal. Complete enumeration technique was followed in the study. In the first component of the study, 231 study subjects were found by complete enumeration, out of which 26 were discarded due to incomplete records. In the other component, 90 study subjects were interviewed at the beginning of treatment and after treatment interruption, if any. Data were analyzed using RStudio. Results: Out of the group with only record review, 205 subjects were included in the study, out of which 160 (78.05%) were male and 45 (21.95%) were female. In the other group with both record review and interview, out of 90 subjects, 64 (71.1%) were male and 26 (28.9%) were female. Out of 295 cases, 270 (91.5%) were new and 25 (8.5%) were previously treated. Out of 295 subjects, 36 (12.2%) had interrupted treatment. Seven persons out of 36 had interrupted more than once. Thirty-four persons had interrupted in intensive phase of treatment. Thirty-two persons had taken 10–20 days before interruption of treatment. The most common reason for interruption of treatment was “Not willing to take tablets.” Among the other reasons were “Side effects,” “Hospitalization,” “Away from home,” etc. Conclusion: Non-compliance to anti-tubercular drugs remains an important issue in the elimination of TB.

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition can alter soil microbial communities and further impact the structure and function of forest ecosystems. However, most studies are focused on positive or negative effects after nitrogen addition, and few studies pay attention to its interruption. In order to investigate whether interruption after different levels of short-term N additions still benefit soil health, we conducted a 2-year interruption after a 4-year short-term nitrogen addition (10 and 20 kg N·hm−2·yr−1) experiment; then, we compared soil microbial diversity and structure and analyzed soil physicochemical properties and their correlations before and after the interruption in Larix olgensis forest soil in northeast China. The results showed that soil ecological stabilization of Larix olgensis forest further improved after the interruption compared to pre-interruption. The TN, C:P, N:P, and C:N:P ratios increased significantly regardless of the previous nitrogen addition concentration, and soil nutrient cycling was further promoted. The relative abundance of the original beneficial microbial taxa Gemmatimonas, Sphingomonas, and Pseudolabrys increased; new beneficial bacteria Ellin6067, Massilia, Solirubrobacter, and Bradyrhizobium appeared, and the species of beneficial soil microorganisms were further improved. The results of this study elucidated the dynamics of the bacterial community before and after the interruption of short-term nitrogen addition and could provide data support and a reference basis for forest ecosystem restoration strategies and management under the background of global nitrogen deposition.

Abstract If necropolitics, according to Achille Mbembe, involves “contemporary forms of subjugation of life to the powers of death,” necropoetics, as proposed here, involves the poetic and gestural interruption of necropolitics. Starting out from a gesture that simulates the act of killing, I ask what sort of anthropology and corresponding mode of writing would be entailed if one were to imaginatively align oneself with that gesture and others like it as they traverse temporal, contextual, and intertextual thresholds - including that between life and death - and the racialized histories recalled thereby. The counter-fabulatory approach taken herein, in pitting the poetic (Black) subtexts of the iterations of this gesture against the varied modes of discourse - ethnographic (part I), historical (part II) and anthropological (part III) - that would capture them, seeks to performatively interrupt the pretense of a neutral language through which necropolitics passes for the continuation of history as usual.