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1. A European aerosol phenomenology - 7: High-time resolution chemical characteristics of submicron particulate matter across Europe

Author

Bressi, M., Cavalli, F., Putaud, J.P., Fröhlich, R., Petit, J.-E., Aas, W., Äijälä, M., Alastuey, A., Allan, J.D., Aurela, M., Berico, M., Bougiatioti, A., Bukowiecki, N., Canonaco, F., Crenn, V., Dusanter, S., Ehn, M., Elsasser, M., Flentje, H., Graf, P., Green, D.C., Heikkinen, L., Hermann, H., Holzinger, R., Hueglin, C., Keernik, H., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kubelová, L., Lunder, C., Maasikmets, M., Makeš, O., Malaguti, A., Mihalopoulos, N., Nicolas, J.B., O'Dowd, C., Ovadnevaite, J., Petralia, E., Poulain, L., Priestman, M., Riffault, V., Ripoll, A., Schlag, P., Schwarz, J., Sciare, J., Slowik, J., Sosedova, Y., Stavroulas, I., Teinemaa, E., Via, M., Vodička, P., Williams, P.I., Wiedensohler, A., Young, D.E., Zhang, S., Favez, O., Minguillón, M.C., Prevot, A.S.H., Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Energy, Resources & Technological Change, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), University of Helsinki, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEAES), University of Manchester [Manchester], Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory [Heraklion] (ECPL), Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), German Meteorological Service, EMPA Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EMPA), King‘s College London, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research [Utrecht] (IMAU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Estonian Environmental Research Center, Tallinn, Estonia, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Troposphäre (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, CESNET [Prague], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Landwirtschaftliches Zentrum, Tallinn University, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Centre for Climate and Air Pollution Studies [Galway] (C-CAPS), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé (ICPEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Institute of Chemical Technology [Prague] (ICT), Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Department of Earth Sciences [Manchester], Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment Strategic Institute Program, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Météo-France, EMME-CARE, UK National Research Council, UK Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), Greek Operational Programme' Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation' (NSRF 2014–2020), European Regional Development Fund, French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, French CNRS, French Regional Council 'Hauts-de-France', Czech ACTRIS-CZ RI (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001315), EPA Ireland, Irish Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment (DCCAE), German Federal Environmental Agency, French ADEME, COST COLOSSAL CA16109, PRISMA project (CGL2012-39623-C02-1), ClearfLo project (NE/H008136/1), 'Panhellenic infrastructure for atmospheric composition and climate change, PANACEA' (MIS 5021516), CPER CLIMIBIO, CPER IRENI, Czech MEYS’s project (LTC18068), German Ultrafine Aerosol Network GUAN (F&E 370343200, F&E 371143232), ChArMEx project, ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011), European Project: 262254,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2010-1,ACTRIS(2011), European Project: 654109,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,ACTRIS-2(2015), European Project: 603445,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2013-two-stage,BACCHUS(2013), Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Energy, Resources & Technological Change, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE - IMT Nord Europe), Department of Physics, European Commission, Alastuey, Andrés [0000-0002-5453-5495], Minguillón, María Cruz [0000-0002-5464-0391], Alastuey, Andrés, and Minguillón, María Cruz

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Chemical composition, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Environmental pollution, German, Meteorology. Climatology, 11. Sustainability, ddc:550, Aerosoles, AMS, ORGANIC AEROSOL, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, media_common, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Time resolution, Mass sprectrometry, TD172-193.5, SOURCE APPORTIONMENT, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, language, MONTSEC SOUTHERN PYRENEES, Phenomenology, Research center, Chemical compositions, Entrepreneurship, Higher education, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, AIR-QUALITY, European Regional Development Fund, Library science, 114 Physical sciences, SPECIATION MONITOR, Political science, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Aerosol, 1172 Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, RESOLVED MEASUREMENTS, Government, Mass spectrometry, business.industry, COMPONENTS, language.human_language, CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS, 13. Climate action, MASS-SPECTROMETER, QC851-999, business
Abstract

Similarities and differences in the submicron atmospheric aerosol chemical composition are analyzed from a unique set of measurements performed at 21 sites across Europe for at least one year. These sites are located between 35 and 62°N and 10° W – 26°E, and represent various types of settings (remote, coastal, rural, industrial, urban). Measurements were all carried out on-line with a 30-min time resolution using mass spectroscopy based instruments known as Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitors (ACSM) and Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS) and following common measurement guidelines. Data regarding organics, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium concentrations, as well as the sum of them called non-refractory submicron aerosol mass concentration ([NR-PM1]) are discussed. NR-PM1 concentrations generally increase from remote to urban sites. They are mostly larger in the mid-latitude band than in southern and northern Europe. On average, organics account for the major part (36–64%) of NR-PM1 followed by sulfate (12–44%) and nitrate (6–35%). The annual mean chemical composition of NR-PM1 at rural (or regional background) sites and urban background sites are very similar. Considering rural and regional background sites only, nitrate contribution is higher and sulfate contribution is lower in mid-latitude Europe compared to northern and southern Europe. Large seasonal variations in concentrations (μg/m³) of one or more components of NR-PM1 can be observed at all sites, as well as in the chemical composition of NR-PM1 (%) at most sites. Significant diel cycles in the contribution to [NR-PM1] of organics, sulfate, and nitrate can be observed at a majority of sites both in winter and summer. Early morning minima in organics in concomitance with maxima in nitrate are common features at regional and urban background sites. Daily variations are much smaller at a number of coastal and rural sites. Looking at NR-PM1 chemical composition as a function of NR-PM1 mass concentration reveals that although organics account for the major fraction of NR-PM1 at all concentration levels at most sites, nitrate contribution generally increases with NR-PM1 mass concentration and predominates when NR-PM1 mass concentrations exceed 40 μg/m³ at half of the sites., This study was partially supported by the European Union's projects ACTRIS (EU FP7-262254) and ACTRIS-2 (EU Horizon 2020–654109). COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL, Chemical On-Line cOmpoSition and Source Apportionment of fine aerosoL, is acknowledged. The ACSM observations at Birkenes was funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment Strategic Institute Program. IDAEA-CSIC (3 datasets: BCN, MSA, MSY) was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds under the PRISMA project (CGL 2012-39623-C02-1). The London measurements were supported by the UK National Research Council through the ClearfLo project and a PhD studentship (grant refs. NE/H008136/1 and NE/I528142/1) and the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). ECPL personel, namely Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Aikaterini Bougiatioti and Iasonas Stavroulas acknowledge support by the project “Panhellenic infrastructure for atmospheric composition and climate change, PANACEA” (MIS 5021516) which is implemented under the Action “Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure”, funded by the Operational Programme” Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation” (NSRF 2014–2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund). IMT Lille Douai acknowledges financial support from the CaPPA (Chemical and Physical Properties of the Atmosphere) project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the PIA (Programme d'Investissement d'Avenir) under contract ANR-11-LABX-0005-01, and two CPER projects funded by the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, the CNRS, the Regional Council “Hauts-de-France” and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF): Climibio, and IRENI (additionally financed by the Communauté Urbaine de Dunkerque). S. Zhang thanks IMT Lille Douai and the Regional Council “Hauts-de-France” for her PhD grant. Prague co-authors would like to acknowledge a Czech MEYS's project under INTER-EXCELENCE INTERCOST program under grant agreement LTC18068 and from European Regional Development Fund-Project under the grant ACTRIS-CZ RI (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001315). EPA Ireland, Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment (DCCAE) and the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) project BACCHUS under grant agreement n_603445 are acknowledged for research support at Mace Head. The physical measurements were also funded by the German Ultrafine Aerosol Network GUAN, which was jointly established with help of the German Federal Environment Ministry (BMU) grants F&E 370343200 (German title: “Erfassung der Zahl feiner und ultrafeiner Partikel in der Auβenluft”), 2008–2010, and F&E 371143232 (German title: “Trendanalysen gesundheitsgefährdender Fein-und Ultrafeinstaubfraktionen unter Nutzung der im German Ultrafine Aerosol Network (GUAN) ermittelten Immissionsdaten durch Fortführung und Interpretation der Messreihen”) 2012–2014. We also acknowledge the WCCAP (World Calibration Center for Aerosol Physics) as part of the WMO-GAW program. The WCCAP is base-funded by the German Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Germany. Support by the European Regional Development Funds (EFRE – Europe funds Saxony) is gratefully acknowledged. Atmospheric measurements performed in Corsica is part of the ChArMEx project supported by CNRS-INSU, ADEME, Météo-France and CEA in the framework of the multidisciplinary programme MISTRALS (Mediterranean Integrated Studies aT Regional And Local Scales; http://mistrals-home.org/, last access: June 10, 2020). Final data processing of these measurements has been supported by the EMME-CARE (Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East Climate and Atmosphere Research Center) which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 856612 and the Cyprus Government. The measurements in Switzerland were supported by the Federal Office for the Environment. We thank the International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations Jungfraujoch and Gornergrat (HFSJG) for the opportunity to perform experiments on the Jungfraujoch.

Published
2021
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2. Tailored flux pinning in superconductor/ferromagnet multilayers with engineered magnetic domain morphology from stripes to skyrmions

Author

Javier E. Villegas, Xavier Palermo, Florian Godel, Alexandre I. Buzdin, Jacobo Santamaria, Sophie Collin, Nicolas Reyren, Anke Sander, Vincent Cros, Salvatore Mesoraca, A. V. Samokhvalov, Karim Bouzehouane, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Manufacturing Department (MGEP), Mondragon Unibertsitatea, Centre de physique moléculaire optique et hertzienne (CPMOH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-15-CE24-0008,SUPERTRONICS,Control de courants supraconducteurs via des effets de spin et de champ: fondements pour une électronique non conventionnelle(2015), ANR-17-CE30-0018,Optofluxonics,Manipulation optique de quanta de flux individuels dans les supraconducteurs et applications(2017), ANR-11-IDEX-0003,IPS,Idex Paris-Saclay(2011), European Project: 647100,H2020,ERC-2014-CoG,SUSPINTRONICS(2015), and THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Superconductivity, Flux pinning, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Magnetic domain, Skyrmion, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Stacking, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Vortex, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Ferromagnetism, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Thin film, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; Superconductor/Ferromagnet (S/F) hybrid systems show interesting magneto-transport behaviors that result from the transfer of properties between both constituents. For instance, magnetic memory can be transferred from the F into the S through the pinning of superconducting vortices by the ferromagnetic textures. The ability to tailor this type of induced behavior is important to broaden its range of application. Here we show that engineering the F magnetization reversal allows tuning the strength of the vortex pinning (and memory) effects, as well as the field range in which they appear. This is done by using magnetic multilayers in which Co thin films are combined with different heavy metals (Ru, Ir, Pt). By choosing the materials, thicknesses, and stacking order of the layers, we can design the characteristic domain size and morphology, from out-of-plane magnetized stripe domains to much smaller magnetic skyrmions. These changes strongly affect the magneto-transport properties. The underlying mechanisms are identified by comparing the experimental results to a magnetic pinning model. * javier.villegas@cnrs-thales.fr 2

Published
2020
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3. Quasiparticle tunnel electroresistance in superconducting junctions

Author

Alexandre I. Buzdin, Maria Varela, Gyanendra Singh, Jesus Santamaria, R. El Hage, J. Grandal, Juan Trastoy, Xavier Palermo, Anke Sander, K. Seurre, V. Rouco, J. Briatico, Nicolas Bergeal, Karim Bouzehouane, Cheryl Feuillet-Palma, Carlos León, Stéphane Collin, Javier E. Villegas, Jerome Lesueur, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica and ISOM (ETSI Telecomunicacion), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Ciudad Universitaria, Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine (LOMA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kansas State University, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (UMR 8213) (LPEM), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES

Subjects
Electronic properties and materials, Materials science, Science, Oxide, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Superconducting properties and materials, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, Surfaces, interfaces and thin films, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, Polarization (electrochemistry), lcsh:Science, Quantum tunnelling, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Superconductivity, Multidisciplinary, Condensed matter physics, Física de materiales, Conductance, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Ferroelectricity, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], chemistry, Física del estado sólido, Quasiparticle, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The term tunnel electroresistance (TER) denotes a fast, non-volatile, reversible resistance switching triggered by voltage pulses in ferroelectric tunnel junctions. It is explained by subtle mechanisms connected to the voltage-induced reversal of the ferroelectric polarization. Here we demonstrate that effects functionally indistinguishable from the TER can be produced in a simpler junction scheme—a direct contact between a metal and an oxide—through a different mechanism: a reversible redox reaction that modifies the oxide’s ground-state. This is shown in junctions based on a cuprate superconductor, whose ground-state is sensitive to the oxygen stoichiometry and can be tracked in operando via changes in the conductance spectra. Furthermore, we find that electrochemistry is the governing mechanism even if a ferroelectric is placed between the metal and the oxide. Finally, we extend the concept of electroresistance to the tunnelling of superconducting quasiparticles, for which the switching effects are much stronger than for normal electrons. Besides providing crucial understanding, our results provide a basis for non-volatile Josephson memory devices., The non-volatile switching of tunnel electroresistance in ferroelectric junctions provides the basis for memory and neuromorphic computing devices. Rouco et al. show tunnel electroresistance in superconductor-based junctions that arises from a redox rather than ferroelectric mechanism and is enhanced by superconductivity.

Published
2020
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4. Magnetic vortex nucleation and annihilation in bi-stable ultra-small ferromagnetic particles

Author

Javier Sesé, M. J. Martínez-Pérez, Dieter Koelle, Etienne Snoeck, Reinhold Kleiner, J. Lin, B. Müller, Luis A. Rodríguez, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Gobierno de Aragón, European Commission, German Research Foundation, China Scholarship Council, Universidad de Zaragoza, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Interférométrie, In situ et Instrumentation pour la Microscopie Electronique (CEMES-I3EM), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut II-Experimentalphysik II, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Magnetometer, Nucleation, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Vortex state, Vortex, law.invention, Magnetization, Hysteresis, Ferromagnetism, law, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Ground state, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Vortex-mediated magnetization reversal in individual ultra-small (∼100 nm) ferromagnetic particles at low temperatures is studied by nanoSQUID magnetometry. At zero applied bias field, the flux-closure magnetic state (vortex) and the quasi uniform configuration are bi-stable. This stems from the extremely small size of the nanoparticles that lies very close to the limit of single-domain formation. The analysis of the temperature-dependent (from 0.3 to 70 K) hysteresis of the magnetization allows us to infer the nature of the ground state magnetization configuration. The latter corresponds to a vortex state as also confirmed by electron holography experiments. Based on the simultaneous analysis of the vortex nucleation and annihilation data, we estimate the magnitude of the energy barriers separating the quasi single-domain and the vortex state and their field dependence. For this purpose, we use a modified power-law scaling of the energy barriers as a function of the applied bias field. These studies are essential to test the thermal and temporal stability of flux-closure states stabilized in ultra-small ferromagnets., This work was partly funded through the Spanish MINECO (MAT2015-73914-JIN and MAT2015-64083-R), the Aragón Regional Government through project E09_17R (Construyendo Europa desde Aragón), the European Union Seventh Framework Program under Grant Agreement 312483-ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative–I3) and the COST action NANOCOHYBRI (Grant No. CA 16218). B. M. acknowledges funding by the German Academic Scholarship Foundation, and J. Lin acknowledges funding by the Chinese Research Council (CRC). E. S. acknowledges the French National Research Agency under the “Investissement d'Avenir” program reference no. ANR-10-EQPX-38-01. We acknowledge K. Guslienko for fruitful discussions and the use of Servicio General de Apoyo a la Investigación-SAI, Universidad de Zaragoza.

Published
2020
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5. Contemporary Presentation and Management of Valvular Heart Disease The EURObservational Research Programme Valvular Heart Disease II Survey

Author

Iung, B., Delgado, V., Rosenhek, R., Price, S., Prendergast, B., Wendler, O., Bonis, M. de, Tribouilloy, C., Evangelista, A., Bogachev-Prokophiev, A., Apor, A., Ince, H., Laroche, C., Popescu, B.A., Pierard, L., Haude, M., Hindricks, G., Ruschitzka, F., Windecker, S., Bax, J.J., Maggioni, A., Vahanian, A., Mekhaldi, S., Lemaitre, K., Authier, S., Druais, H., Goda, A., Mascherbauer, J., Samadov, F., Pasquet, A., Linhartova, K., Ihlemann, N., Abdelhamid, M., Saraste, A., Kostovska, E.S., Bajraktari, G., Mirrakhimov, E., Erglis, A., Mizariene, V., Cassar, D., Tomkiewicz-Pajak, L., Ribeiras, R., Popescu, B., Beleslin, B., Simkova, I., Dogan, S.M., Rahman-Haley, S., Shirka, E., Dado, E., Zera, E., Bica, L., Heger, M., Muslumova, F., Jahangirov, T., Ahmedov, T., Husseynov, S., Cosyns, B., Camp, G. van, Sindelarova, S., Branny, M., Parenicova, I., Vondrackova, D.J., Homza, M., Ostransky, J., Hasan-Ali, H., Abdelhady, Y., Hassan, M., Soliman, H., Mostafa, A.E., Moaaz, M., Kazamel, G., Sadek, Y., Eltobgi, S., Kamal, D., Kylmala, M., Turpeinen, A., Monin, J.L., Jobic, Y., Attias, D., Magne, J., Marechaux, S., Donal, E., Biere, L., Bernard, A., Daudin, M., Khounlaboud, M., Habib, G., Bardet, H., Audonnet, M., Thuny, F., Plurien, F., Berenfeld, A., Gervais, R., Sorbets, E., Charbonnier, A., Bauer, F., Menager-Gangloff, C., Gjerakorska-Radovikj, M., Jordanova, S., Caglayan, E., Hambrecht, R., Akin, I., Maier, L., Nickenig, G., Scholtz, W., Schulze, P.C., Heintzen, M., Er, F., Sigusch, H., Spargias, K., Kamperidis, V., Sachpekidis, V., Bellos, V., Kanakakis, I., Papafaklis, M., Makris, A., Poulimenos, L., Katsaros, A., Lampropoulos, K., Bartha, E., Zsary, A., Jebelovszki, E., Cziraki, A., Borsanyi, T., Lupkovics, G., Jarai, Z., Ibrahimi, P., Arapova, R., Laahunova, E., Sime, I., Rancane, G., Radauskaite, G., Raugaliene, R., Xuereb, R.G., Djaberi, R., Komar, M., Szymanski, P., Zaborska, B., Mizia-Stec, K., Regulski, M., Bogacki, P., Sedziwy, E., Komor, K., Myszor, J., Joao, I., Martins, R., Cabral, S., Gago, P., Cardoso, G., Almeida, I., Antunes, N., Carvalho, S., Galrinho, A., Freitas, A., Grigorica, L., Mitre, A., Ionac, A., Tint, D., Popescu, A., Petris, A.O., Onut, R., Pop, C., Usurelu, C., Beyer, R., Militaru, C., Eminovici, G., Arsenescu-Georgescu, C., Irtyuga, O., Semenova, E., Boldyrev, S., Kozmin, D., Gross, Y., Zotov, A., Kuznetsov, D., Nemchenko, E., Kulumbegov, O., Jakubov, R., Stefanov, S., Schneider, Y., Tsechanovich, V., Gamzaev, A., Fomenko, M., Mayorova, O., Skripkina, E., Safina, V., Slastin, Y., Koroleva, T., Polyaeva, L., Tarasenko, I., Alekseeva, S., Magamet, V., Medvedev, I., Khilova, L., Verevetinov, A., Stojsic-Milosavljevic, A., Nikolic, N.M., Ostric, D.K., Ruzicic, D., Pavlovic, S., Milosavljevic, J., Jovovic, L., Margoczy, R., Valocik, G., Studencan, M., Iglesias, F.C., Mendez, I., Gomez, A.G., Sanchez Fernandez, P.L., Valenzuela, G.M., Cladellas, M., Villegas, D.V., Moral, S., Gallego, I.M., Paya, R., Caballero, L., Paton, R.R., Esteban, E., Iglesia-Carreno, C., Alberca, M.T., Valle, A., Molina-Mora, M.J., Castro, N., Sayar, N., Demirtas, A.O., Yesilay, A., Demir, S., Bozkurt, A., Kanar, B., Gudul, N.E., Yildirim, T., Taylan, G., Mert, K.U., Yilmaztepe, M.A., Mert, G.O., Cosansu, K., Sayin, M.R., Karabag, T., EORP VHD II Investigators, Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Department of Imaging Royal Brompton Hospital, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital [London], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Lukaskrankenhaus, Universität Leipzig, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Research Center [Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri] (ANMCO Research Center), Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri [Firenze] (ANMCO), Service de cardiologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Uppsala University, SAFRAN Group, Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes - Faculté de Médecine (UR Médecine), Université de Rennes (UR), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire de Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde (PMRM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer (LabEx LipSTIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), CHU de Saint-Brieuc, Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] (CHU), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse [Caen] (UNICANCER/CRLC), Normandie Université (NU)-UNICANCER-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Institut de la Vision, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, University of Latvia (LU), Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali = Department of Materials Science [Milano-Bicocca], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), MDM Laboratory, IMM-CNR, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Réseaux épuration et qualité des eaux (UR REBX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACAO AGRARIA E VETERINARIA VILA DO CONDE PRT, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université de Médecine Carol Davila, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases 'Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu' [Bucharest, Romania], Département Intelligence Ambiante et Systèmes Interactifs (DIASI), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Department of photonics engineering, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Clinical sciences, Cardio-vascular diseases, Cardiology, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes 1 - Faculté de Médecine (UR1 Médecine), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Université d'Angers (UA), Iung, Bernard, Delgado, Victoria, Rosenhek, Raphael, Price, Susanna, Prendergast, Bernard, Wendler, Olaf, De Bonis, Michele, Tribouilloy, Christophe, Evangelista, Arturo, Bogachev-Prokophiev, Alexander, Apor, Astrid, Ince, Hüseyin, Laroche, Cécile, Popescu, Bogdan A, Piérard, Luc, Haude, Michael, Hindricks, Gerhard, Ruschitzka, Frank, Windecker, Stephan, Bax, Jeroen J, Maggioni, Aldo, and Vahanian, Alec

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, heart valve diseases, valvular surgery, Cardiologists, 0302 clinical medicine, Time-to-Treatment/trends, Referral and Consultation/trends, Heart Valve Diseases/diagnosis, Medicine, echocardiography, 03.02. Klinikai orvostan, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Practice Patterns, Physicians', 610 Medicine & health, Referral and Consultation, valvular heart disease, Middle Aged, Europe, Practice Guidelines as Topic, cardiovascular system, Healthcare Disparities/trends, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, Female, Guideline Adherence, Presentation (obstetrics), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, guideline, Cardiologists/trends, medicine.medical_specialty, transcatheter intervention, Clinical Decision-Making, Time-to-Treatment, Europe/epidemiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), Guideline Adherence/trends, Humans, Healthcare Disparities, Intensive care medicine, Aged, business.industry, medicine.disease, Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends, Health Care Surveys, business, aged, 80 and over, guidelines as topic
Abstract

Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity and has been subject to important changes in management. The VHD II survey was designed by the EURObservational Research Programme of the European Society of Cardiology to analyze actual management of VHD and to compare practice with guidelines. Methods: Patients with severe native VHD or previous valvular intervention were enrolled prospectively across 28 countries over a 3-month period in 2017. Indications for intervention were considered concordant if the intervention was performed or scheduled in symptomatic patients, corresponding to Class I recommendations specified in the 2012 European Society of Cardiology and in the 2014 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology VHD guidelines. Results: A total of 7247 patients (4483 hospitalized, 2764 outpatients) were included in 222 centers. Median age was 71 years (interquartile range, 62–80 years); 1917 patients (26.5%) were ≥80 years; and 3416 were female (47.1%). Severe native VHD was present in 5219 patients (72.0%): aortic stenosis in 2152 (41.2% of native VHD), aortic regurgitation in 279 (5.3%), mitral stenosis in 234 (4.5%), mitral regurgitation in 1114 (21.3%; primary in 746 and secondary in 368), multiple left-sided VHD in 1297 (24.9%), and right-sided VHD in 143 (2.7%). Two thousand twenty-eight patients (28.0%) had undergone previous valvular intervention. Intervention was performed in 37.0% and scheduled in 26.8% of patients with native VHD. The decision for intervention was concordant with Class I recommendations in symptomatic patients with severe single left-sided native VHD in 79.4% (95% CI, 77.1–81.6) for aortic stenosis, 77.6% (95% CI, 69.9–84.0) for aortic regurgitation, 68.5% (95% CI, 60.8–75.4) for mitral stenosis, and 71.0% (95% CI, 66.4–75.3) for primary mitral regurgitation. Valvular interventions were performed in 2150 patients during the survey; of them, 47.8% of patients with single left-sided native VHD were in New York Heart Association class III or IV. Transcatheter procedures were performed in 38.7% of patients with aortic stenosis and 16.7% of those with mitral regurgitation. Conclusions: Despite good concordance between Class I recommendations and practice in patients with aortic VHD, the suboptimal number in mitral VHD and late referral for valvular interventions suggest the need to improve further guideline implementation.

Published
2019
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6. Hierarchical Porous Polybenzimidazole Microsieves: An Efficient Architecture for Anhydrous Proton Transport via Polyionic Liquids

Author

Anne Julbe, Reyes Mallada, Parashuram Kallem, Erik J. Vriezekolk, Maria Pilar Pina, Martin Drobek, Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Divinylbenzene, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Membrane, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Polymerization, Proton transport, Ionic liquid, Moiety, Organic chemistry, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Porosity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Proton conductor
Abstract

Liquid-induced phase-separation micromolding (LIPSµM) has been successfully used for manufacturing hierarchical porous polybenzimidazole (HPBI) microsieves (42-46% porosity, 30-40 µm thick) with a specific pore architecture (pattern of macropores: ~9 µm in size, perforated, dispersed in a porous matrix with a 50-100 nm pore size). Using these microsieves, proton-exchange membranes were fabricated by the infiltration of a 1H-3-vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide liquid and divinylbenzene (as a cross-linker), followed by in situ UV polymerization. Our approach relies on the separation of the ion conducting function from the structural support function. Thus, the polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) moiety plays the role of a proton conductor, whereas the HPBI microsieve ensures the mechanical resistance of the system. The influence of the porous support architecture on both proton transport performance and mechanical strength has been specifically investigated by means of comparison with straight macroporous (36% porosity) and randomly nanoporous (68% porosity) PBI counterparts. The most attractive results were obtained with the poly[1-(3H-imidazolium)ethylene]bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide PIL cross-linked with 1% divinylbenzene supported on HPBI membranes with a 21-µm-thick skin layer, achieving conductivity values up to 85 mS cm-1 at 200 °C under anhydrous conditions and in the absence of mineral acids.

Published
2017
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7. High-Temperature-Superconducting Weak Link Defined by the Ferroelectric Field Effect

Author

V. Rouco, Juan Trastoy, R. Bernard, Vincent Garcia, Laura Begon-Lours, J. Santamaría, Stéphane Fusil, Manuel Bibes, Eric Jacquet, Anke Sander, A. Barthélémy, Javier E. Villegas, Karim Bouzehouane, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie à l'Environnement (LACE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, and University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza]

Subjects
Superconductivity, Josephson effect, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Doping, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Field effect, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Ferroelectricity, Overlayer, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Planar, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Cuprate, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

In all-oxide ferroelectric (FE) - superconductor (S) bilayers, due to the low carrier concentration of oxides compared to transition metals, the FE interfacial polarization charges induce an accumulation (or depletion) of charge carriers in the S. This leads either to an enhancement or a depression of its critical temperature depending on FE polarization direction.Here we exploit this effect at a local scale to define planar weak-links in high-temperature superconducting wires. This is realized in BiFeO3(FE)/YBa2Cu3O7(S)bilayers in which the remnant FE domain structure is written at will by locally applying voltage pulses with a conductive-tip atomic force microscope. In this fashion, the FE domain pattern defines a spatial modulation of superconductivity. This allows us to write a device whose electrical transport shows different temperature regimes and magnetic field matching effects that are characteristic of Josephson coupled weak-links. This illustrates the potential of the ferroelectric approach for the realization of high-temperature superconducting devices.

Published
2017
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8. Printed Cantilevers and MOS Gas Sensors for Hazardous Gas Detection at Room Temperature

Author

Claude Lucat, Van Son Nguyen, Hélène Debéda, Maria Pina Pilar, Fernando Almazán, Véronique Jubera, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and The american ceramic society

Subjects
Cantilever, Materials science, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Resonator, Hazardous waste, 0103 physical sciences, Screen printing, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016
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9. High-resolution imaging of remanent state and magnetization reversal of superdomain structures in high-density cobalt antidot arrays

Author

M. R. Ibarra, Javier Sesé, Fernando Bartolomé, L.M. García, Christophe Gatel, Etienne Snoeck, Juan Bartolomé, Julia Herrero-Albillos, C. Castán-Guerrero, Luis A. Rodríguez, César Magén, Universidad de Zaragossa, Interférométrie, In situ et Instrumentation pour la Microscopie Electronique (CEMES-I3EM), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratorio TASC (IOM CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Centra de Huesca, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón [Saragoza, España] (ICMA-CSIC), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université de Saragosse

Subjects
PACS numbers: 68.37.Lp, 81.16.Rf, 75.60.Jk, 75. 78.Cd, Materials science, Bioengineering, in situ Lorentz microscopy, magnetic superdomains, Magnetization, Lattice (order), transmission electron microscopy, Perpendicular, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Saturation (magnetic), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed matter physics, Mechanical Engineering, General Chemistry, Nanomagnet, Magnetic field, magnetic antidot arrays, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, Remanence, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], magnetization reversal
Abstract

Remanent state and magnetization reversal processes of a series of cobalt antidot arrays with a fixed hole diameter (d ¿ 55 nm) and an array periodicity (p) ranging between 95 and 524 nm were studied by in situ Lorentz microscopy (LM) as a function of the magnetic field. At remanence, defocused LM images showed the periodicity dependence of the magnetic states inside the lattice. A remarkable transition was observed in the type of domain structures as a function of p: for the large periodicities (p > 300 nm), conventional 90° and 180° domain walls were formed, whereas in small-period antidot arrays (p lE 160 nm) magnetic superdomain walls (SDWs) were nucleated to separate regions with different average magnetization direction, the so-called magnetic superdomains. In the SDW regime, a low-frequency Fourier filtering method was implemented to allow a quantitative analysis of the LM images by the transport of intensity equation method. In situ LM experiments under applied magnetic fields were performed to study the reversal magnetization process in a particular array (p = 160 nm), and clear differences were observed as a function of the magnetic field orientation. The switching process under magnetic fields parallel to the horizontal antidot rows occurs in two stages: the system first nucleates and propagates horizontal SDWs, parallel to the field. Then, at higher magnetic fields, vertical SDWs, perpendicular to the field, appear before saturation. When the magnetic field is applied at 45° with respect to the antidot rows, both horizontal and vertical SDWs are nucleated and propagated simultaneously. All the experiments were successfully correlated with micromagnetic simulations. The current study sheds new light on the magnetization reversal processes of antidot arrays and opens new possibilities of exploiting the potential of high-resolution in situ LM and new data analysis procedures to probe magnetization processes in nanomagnetism, particularly in periodic arrays of nanomagnets., This work was partially supported (including FEDER funding) by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation (MINECO) through projects MAT2011-28532-C03-02, MAT2011-23791 and MAT2012-38318-CO3; by the Aragón Regional Government through Projects E26 (MAGNA), E34 (IMANA), and CTPP4/11; and by the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, Reference 312483-ESTEEM2. C. Castán-Guerrero acknowledges a JAE-Predoc grant from CSIC.

Published
2014
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10. VOC detection with screen-printed piezoelectric cantilevers coated with PEUT and nanoporous sensitive layers. Comparison with silicon cantilevers

Author

Debéda, Hélène, Lakhmi, Riadh, Clément, Pierrick, Llobet, E., Pina, M.P., Urbiztondo, M.A., Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica, Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], and Dufour, Isabelle

Subjects
[SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

11. mtDNA variation in the Buryat population of the Barguzin Valley: New insights into the micro-evolutionary history of the Baikal area

Author

Gibert, A., Theves, C., Ricaut, F., Dambueva, I., Bazarov, B., Moral, M, Crubezy, E., Perrucho, M., Felix-Sanchez, M., Sevin, A., Gibert, M., Moral, P., Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Aging, Mitochondrial DNA, Physiology, Epidemiology, Population, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Sample (statistics), mitochondrial DNA, Biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Ethnicity, Genetics, Humans, Local population, Genetic variability, education, Phylogeny, Demography, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Base Sequence, Geography, Phylogenetic tree, mongol, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Genetic Variation, North-western buryat, Gene Pool, Siberia, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Evolutionary biology, Sample Size, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, admixture, turkic–tungusic speakers, Restriction fragment length polymorphism
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Southern Siberian populations, including the Buryat, have been of great interest in investigating the exchanges between Eastern and Western Eurasia and understanding the peopling of Siberia and the New World. AIM: Previous studies mainly employed a phylogenetic approach, and thus used pooled samples to detect a maximum of variability. As different sampling strategies may result in different pictures of a population's evolutionary history, we proposed in this study to focus on a local Buryat population selected on the basis of geographical, archaeological and ethno-historical data. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study investigated a local population from the Barguzin Valley, on the north-western shores of Lake Baikal identified as the most likely place of Buryat origin. We analysed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) RFLPs markers, HVS-I and HVS-II sequences to discuss the genetic variability of this population, and to compare our local sample with pooled Buryat samples and neighbouring Siberian populations. RESULTS: The Barguzin Buryat sample shows depressed neutrality scores compared to the pooled Buryat sample, and different genetic affinities with the Mongol and Turco-Evenk populations. CONCLUSION: These results underline the need to use local samples, in addition to pooled samples, to investigate the history of human populations at the micro-evolutionary level.

Published
2010
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12. The ins and outs of population relationships in west-Mediterranean islands: data from autosomal Alu polymorphisms and Alu/STR compound systems

Author

Magdalena Gayà-Vidal, Giuseppe Vona, Josep Santamaria, Marc Via, Esther Esteban, Pedro Moral, Emili González-Pérez, Laurent Varesi, Instituto Universitario de Investigacion de Nanocienca de Aragon, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Gene Flow, MESH: Mediterranean Islands, Population, MESH: Population Groups, Alu element, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic Heterogeneity, Mediterranean Islands, Genetic drift, Gene Frequency, Population Groups, Alu Elements, MESH: Polymorphism, Genetic, Genetics, Ethnicity, MESH: Gene Frequency, Humans, education, MESH: Genetic Drift, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Gene Flow, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Alu Elements, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Polymorphism, Genetic, MESH: Humans, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Genetic heterogeneity, 030305 genetics & heredity, Haplotype, Genetic Drift, MESH: Genetic Heterogeneity, MESH: Tandem Repeat Sequences, Geography, Evolutionary biology, Tandem Repeat Sequences, MESH: Ethnic Groups
Abstract

International audience; The islands of the West Mediterranean have played a central role in numerous archaeological, historical and anthropological studies due to their active participation in the history of main Mediterranean civilisations. However, genetic data failed to fit in both their degree of internal differentiation and relationships. A set of 18 Alu markers and three short tandem repeats (STRs) closely linked to the CD4, F13B and DM Alu have been analysed in seven samples from Majorca, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily to explore some of these issues. Our samples show a high genetic heterogeneity inside and among islands for the Alu data. Global differentiation among islands (F(ST) 2.2%) is slightly higher than that described for Europeans and North Africans. Both the estimated divergence times among samples and the high population heterogeneity revealed by Alu data are compatible with population differences since the first islands' settlement in the Paleolithic period. However, the high within-population diversities and the remarkable homogeneity observed in both STR and Alu/STR haplotype variation indicated that, at least since Neolithic times, gene flow has been acting in west Mediterranean. Genetic drift in west-coast Sardinia and gene flow in west Sicily have contributed to their general differentiation, whereas Corsica, Majorca and east Sicily seem to reflect more recent historical relationships from continental south Europe.

Published
2007
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