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The psychological and neuropsychological development can be constructed in very different ways depending on the educational conditions and the organization of individuals' activities. The objective of the present text is to assess the acquisition and internalization characteristics of school actions in institutionally abused schoolchildren, through the utilization of psychological and neuropsychological analysis levels. The study is exploratory, cross-sectional, and descriptive. Ten Mexican children institutionalized due to neglect and with a history of abuse, enrolled in the elementary educational level, were evaluated. The results demonstrate inadequate internalization of intellectual actions, absence of cognitive motives, and functional compromise of the psychophysiological mechanism of regulation and control. The need for a systematic organization of actions based on the process of internalization to promote the teaching-learning process of intellectual actions, the identification of the presence or absence of psychological prerequisites for accessing school content, as well as the type of tasks sensitive for studying subjects with high levels of deprivation is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During its twenty-year history as a globally popular lifestyle sport, parkour has undergone institutionalization, professionalization and commercialization. In this article, the analysis of these changes is based on interviews conducted with Finnish traceurs who have long experience in parkour as practitioners and coaches, with some of them having parkour as their main occupation. Earlier research with the same participants provides the background to the subject and offers an overview of the development of the Finnish parkour scene. Special attention is paid to the ways in which indoor facilities and parkour parks have changed traceurs' relationships with urban public spaces. These changes are analysed by applying the concepts of tight and loose spaces. The study shows how some participants strongly connected parkour to its original roots, whereas others emphasized its physical elements and were not that concerned about the sportization of the discipline. Due to the increased popularity of indoor facilities and parkour parks, parkour's visibility in public spaces had diminished, which had decreased encounters between traceurs and other users of the same space and thus decreased parkour's potential to loosen urban spaces – to make them more tolerant towards different ways of being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. L'offre à long terme d'interventions de promotion de la santé (IPS) en milieu scolaire peut se révéler bénéfique pour la santé des enfants. Toutefois, on en sait peu sur les facteurs associés à cette institutionnalisation dans les écoles. Dans cette étude, nous avons dégagé les corrélats de l'institutionnalisation des IPS offertes dans les écoles primaires du Québec (Canada). Méthodologie. Dans le cadre d'entrevues téléphoniques structurées en deux parties réalisées sur trois années scolaires (2016-2019), des directeurs et directrices d'écoles primaires (ou leurs représentants désignés) du Québec devaient choisir une IPS de référence ayant été offerte au moins une fois dans leur école dans les trois années précédentes. Ils devaient ensuite indiquer si l'IPS avait été institutionnalisée (c.-à-d. si elle figurait explicitement dans le projet éducatif de l'école, par exemple sous la forme d'objectifs éducatifs accompagnés des mesures permettant leur atteinte). Nous avons analysé les associations entre, d'une part, l'institutionnalisation des IPS et, d'autre part, dix caractéristiques liées aux écoles et seize caractéristiques liées aux IPS à l'aide d'analyses de régression logistique univariées et multivariées. Résultats. Les informateurs clés des écoles (n = 163) ont fait état de 147 IPS différentes ayant été offertes dans leur école dans les trois années précédentes et 56 % de ces IPS avaient été institutionnalisées. Trois dimensions de la culture de l'école - soit 1) la participation des parents et de la collectivité à la vie scolaire, 2) l'engagement de l'école et du personnel enseignant à l'égard de la santé des élèves et 3) l'environnement physique de l'école - étaient associées positivement à l'institutionnalisation des IPS. En ce qui a trait aux caractéristiques liées aux IPS, ce sont le nombre de compétences visées par celles-ci, le nombre de stratégies d'enseignement utilisées, les modifications apportées à l'IPS avant ou pendant sa mise en oeuvre et le succès perçu de l'IPS qui ont présenté une association positive avec l'institutionnalisation des IPS. Le fait d'inviter les familles ou les groupes communautaires à participer à l'IPS était inversement associé à l'institutionnalisation. Conclusion. Une meilleure compréhension des facteurs liés à l'institutionnalisation des IPS pourrait éclairer l'élaboration d'IPS présentant un potentiel de durabilité en milieu scolaire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The 2022 adoption of a new policy framework on community support in social housing in Québec speaks to a convergence of a multitude of community, government, and municipal actors around this practice. This qualitative study delves into the process by which this approach was institutionalized to demonstrate how community support became a central norm of the social housing field in the province. Drawing from literature on the welfare mix, we situate this phenomenon in the broader context of the transformation of the welfare state, in which nonprofit organizations played an increasing role in providing social housing to vulnerable populations (e.g., people at risk of home-lessness). This article demonstrates how power dynamics and negotiations between the state and the third sector were, in this case, a major source of institutional change over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Le phénomène participatif est de plus en plus présent dans le discours public français. Cette institutionnalisation discursive de la participation s’appuie notamment sur le développement d’une rhétorique constitutionnelle déployée par le discours des dirigeants politiques eux-mêmes. Ce constat, fondé sur une analyse empirique du cas français, invite à s’interroger sur les effets de cette trajectoire constitutionnelle du phénomène participatif. L’hypothèse centrale de cet article est que cette institutionnalisation de la participation à travers la rhétorique politique et constitutionnelle participe à la préservation des intérêts d’une élite dirigeante. L’analyse de discours politiques français met en évidence des mécanismes sémantiques et syntaxiques de cloisonnement de l’imaginaire participatif. Agissant comme une novlangue, cette rhétorique constitutionnelle vient neutraliser le phénomène participatif. Celui-ci est assimilé et reformulé par le paradigme représentatif dominant. Cette aliénation de l’imaginaire participatif a, de ce fait, un effet analgésique et réduit les possibilités de transformation sociopolitique plus radicales.

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Collaborative housing (habitat participatif) became a new category of public policies. This integration is uneven and takes several shapes. By studying the case of Nantes and focusing on the various actors (State, city councils and intermunicipal structures, property developpers of social housing, professionnal counsellors) involved in the development of this form of housing, we show the general schemes (competition between cities, deliberativ imperative, etc.) and the more singular mechanisms (rivalry between municipal representatives, interests of some property developpers, etc.) at work in theses local institutionnalisations. This analysis demonstrates the rôle played by the political et economical interests of the actors involved in the definition of collaborative housing in this local arena. In Nantes, the “democratisation” of collaborative housing, visible in its integration in the social home ownership policy, depends more on the political strategy of the city councillor in charge of housing and on the economical interest of property developpers than on a ideological choice.

Copyright of Interventions Économiques is the property of Association d'Economie Politique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Notre travail s’articule sur les effets juridiques de l’union de fait en droit congolais. Il ressort que la majorité de la population de cette dernière forme leur famille en union de fait. Cependant, elle est totalement ignorée par le système juridique du pays. Elle est le règne de l’absence de règle, de la liberté individuelle, pourtant, elle crée une situation contractuelle dont les partenaires n’ont pas rempli les conditions légales pour son imposabilité aux tiers. Certes qu’il existe plusieurs facteurs qui favorisent l’union de fait notamment : le mariage précédent non encore dissout pour l’une ou des deux personnes, le refus de l’institution du mariage et de ses effets civils, le coût excessif de la dot, l’interdiction, la prohibition de mariage due à la parenté et à l’alliance. Compte tenu des traits de ressemblance entre le mariage et l’union de fait, cette dernière a des conditions de validité qui sont : les conditions de fond qui comprend le consentement et la capacité et les conditions de forme qui est la liberté « vive la liberté ». Dans la gestion quotidienne du foyer, les intéressés engendrent des droits et des obligations notamment la contribution aux charges du ménage, la solidarité des dettes y afférentes. Le Code de la famille congolais n´ayant pas institutionnalisé l’union de fait, il y a l’inexistence du régime légal, l’absence de devoirs pécuniaires et l’absence sur l’effet sur la personne. Ce qui laisse présager une insécurité juridique pour les personnes qui vivent sous ce régime. A l’occasion d’une rupture ou d’un décès que le droit intervient dans le concubinage, quand il appert de liquider les intérêts en présence, tout en se rapportant au fait que les deux ont vécu ensemble comme concubins. En République Démocratique du Congo, cette matière est réglée par l’acte uniforme sur le droit des sociétés commerciales et du groupement d’intérêt économique adopté le 30 janvier 2014. L’article 868 de l’acte précité dispose qu’en cas de séparation ou de décès des concubins les moyens de parvenir à un partage entre eux est de considérer qu’il a existé entre eux une société créée de fait, un contrat du travail, l’enrichissement sans cause et y a eu possession d’état d’époux.

The rapid growth of restorative justice (RJ) has brought myths into the literature. K. Daly's "Restorative Justice: The Real Story" (Punishment and Society 4(1), 55–79, 2002) is among the most important demythologization attempts in the literature. This article revisits the four myths that were discussed in this seminal article: (1) RJ is an oppositional concept to retributive justice; (2) RJ is rooted in Indigenous justice and the past dominant form of justice; (3) RJ is a care response as opposed to a justice response; and (4) RJ has the potential to transform people. This article first examines whether these four myths remain pervasive in the post-2002 RJ literature. Reviewing the post-2002 literature suggests that demythologization has almost taken place. The article then seeks to highlight theoretical gaps in the post-2002 RJ. Corresponding to the four myths identified, it offers four areas of RJ that warrant further debate and research: (1) institutionalization of RJ, (2) decolonization of RJ, (3) the role of masculinity in RJ, and (4) how RJ works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chaque année, le caucus pour la science politique critique de l'Association américaine de science politique accorde le prix Richard Cloward et Frances Fox Piven à un groupe militant dans la région de la réunion annuelle de l'Association américaine de science politique (APSA). En 2022, l'APSA a eu lieu à Montréal, au Québec, au Canada. Cette année, le lauréat du prix est Hoodstock, une organisation ancrée dans les mouvements sociaux, qui vise à éliminer les inégalités systémiques et à construire des communautés solidaires, inclusives, sécuritaires et dynamiques. L'auteure et intervieweuse est diplômée de la maîtrise en sciences politiques de l'Université McGill, où elle a effectué son mémoire de maîtresse sur le pouvoir collectif et l'organisation intersectionnelle à Montréal.1 Dans l'article suivant, elle interviewe une cofondatrice de Hoodstock, Nargess Mustapha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work intends to highlight several points for a study of the circulation, reception, imagining, praxis, and institutionalization of psychoanalysis in post-1959 Cuba. Rather than focusing on traditional historiographical logic, it aims to weave together contextual, social, economic, and political elements that could relate to the way in which this system of ideas was perceived, assimilated, and at the same time, relatively marginalized in this Caribbean land. We seek several points of comparison with other Latin American countries and lay the groundwork for an in-depth study. Works on this subject in Latin America are taken as a reference point, specifically in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. This work distinguishes itself by emphasizing the imaginary relationship, social praxis, and institutionalization, to attempt to understand the difficulties of the insertion of psychoanalysis on the island. This first installment runs until approximately 1980, while the second continues the trajectory from the 1980s to the mid-2000s, a period of relative rebirth in psychoanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: La décision d'entrée en établissement d'un sujet âgé en perte d'autonomie est complexe. Les freins à la décision d'orientation en établissement expliquent en partie des durées d'hospitalisation longues et à l'origine de dépense de santé inadéquates. Plusieurs de ces freins ont été identifiés dans la littérature (complexité médicale, troubles psycho-comportementaux, vulnérabilité sociale...). À partir d'une expérimentation qui vise la coordination des acteurs lors d'une « réunion de concertation inter-établissement » dédiée à la décision d'entrée de patients âgés ne trouvant pas de solution dans l'immédiat, l'objectif de ce travail est d'identifier les freins à l'orientation des patients en Ehpad. Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive mono-centrique analysant des données prospectives recueillies entre janvier 2017 et fin juin 2019. Les durées moyennes d'hospitalisation avant le départ en institution sont relativement homogènes en fonction des différents critères de complexité définis sauf pour la dépendance lourde et l'obésité où dans ces situations il existe des durées moyennes d'hospitalisation plus longues. L'absence de critère de complexité n'est pas obligatoirement associée à un raccourcissement du séjour hospitalier. La CORIE permet de créer des synergies entre les acteurs d'un même bassin gérontologique et facilite l'entrée en établissement des cas complexes. The decision to admit an older adult with loss of autonomy to an institution is complex. There are many obstacles to the decision to be referred to an institution and it partly explain long hospital stays and inadequate health care spending. Several of these obstacles have been identified in the literature (medical complexity, psycho-behavioural disorders, social vulnerability, etc.). This work is based on an experiment that aimed at coordinating the players during an "inter-hospital consultation meeting" dedicated to the decision to admit older patients who cannot find a solution immediately. This work aim to identify the obstacles to the referral of patients to HITH services. This is a single-centre descriptive study. It analyses prospective data collected between January 2017 and the end of June 2019. The average length of hospitalisation before leaving the institution is relatively homogeneous according to the different complexity criteria defined, except for heavy dependence and obesity, where in these situations there are longer average lengths of hospitalisation. The absence of complexity criteria is not necessarily associated with a shorter hospital stay. The commission makes it possible to create synergies between players in the same gerontological basin and facilitates the admission of complex cases to hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this article, we identified patterns and variations that occurred over time in decision-making routines and in the operational conditions of the municipal councils of social welfare in Brazil through experiences with different contextual cuts, considering the period of institutional consolidation of the policy in the 2000s and the change of orientation that it suffered after 2016. Accordingly, we identified groups of councils with similar profiles in their characteristics and based on that we present an index to measure the effectiveness of these instances in the social welfare policy. The data is from the SUAS Census (2012-2018) and allows us to offer a diagnosis of the institutionalization of the set of municipal councils throughout a historical series, a challenge rarely faced by the studies on participatory institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La présente recherche tend à montrer que la propension d’un acte de langage à devenir fait institutionnel et ainsi à « se faire politique » tient à sa « force illocutoire complexe » et à la construction d’un implicite institutionnel (Anquetil, à paraître). En prenant appui sur l’exemple d’ALERTER, nous déterminerons comment le processus d’institutionnalisation en trois phases – 1. l’assignation d’une fonction agentive aux faits institutionnels ; 2 la construction d’une croyance et intentionnalité collectives ; 3. la construction d’une éthique politique – influe sur le marquage de l’acte de langage et fragilise la possibilité d’en saisir les données à l’aide d’outils de fouille textuelle.

This research is a case study aimed at documenting and developping a better understanding of the creation of the section, then the department of communication at the University of Montreal. Through an analysis of administrative documents available in the University's archives of this period (8 archives retained), we will analyze how communication was disciplined and institutionalized in this particular case. The main result is the update of two very distinct successive projects of teaching communication at UdeM and an observation on how they succeeded each other in the administrative process. The sociology of science is used in particular to characterize the divergences between these programs concerning the respective places of theoretical and professional communication in the teaching offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Dans cet entretien, Louis-Karl Picard-Sioui revient sur la genèse et la mission de l’organisme culturel Kwahiatonhk!, responsable du Salon du livre des Premières Nations ainsi que d’un site web regroupant des ressources sur la littérature autochtone francophone. Il aborde les questions de l’institutionnalisation de la littérature autochtone du Québec de même que l’éthique des relations à développer entre chercheur.e.s et écrivain.e.s en vue de favoriser l’essor de la littérature des Premières Nations.

This article reviews the tension between autonomy and politicization during the institutionalization of Chilean sociology (1957–1973), based upon the career trajectories of two of its main actors: Clodomiro Almeyda (University of Chile, UCH) and Roger Vekemans (Catholic University, CU) and the reassessment of accounts given by the first practitioners of Chilean sociology. Almeyda played a pivotal role as director of the UCH School of Sociology, while maintaining a strong political-militant commitment as leader of the Socialist Party. Meanwhile, Vekemans, the founder and first director of the CU School, was an exceptional example of intersecting theoretical contributions and public-political advocacy, being a bridge between the social sciences and the social doctrine of the Catholic Church. Both men's career trajectories are a good reflection of the politicization prevalent in the discipline at the time of its institutionalization. However, their career trajectories simultaneously show an ambivalent effect of politics in the consolidation of the sociological field, for, although they assumed a certain degree of influence from exogenous factors on the nomos of sociology, they also facilitated a strong connection between society and sociology at the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present study considers the experience of the new Christian religion in the context of the Roman Empire of the first century, seeking to highlight several aspects of its earliest institutionalization. Primitive Christianity was not a singular movement but was instead reflected in the existence of many small domestic communities without an orthodoxy standardized in faith, an ecclesiastical hierarchy, or centralized institutions. The study will reveal the ways in which Christianity spread through the imperial and synagogal infrastructures, as well as through the use of Greek cultural references. It will also discuss the dominant types of Christian organization, which would benefit from the socially entrenched arrangement of the old patriarchal house as a framework for the centralized and hierarchized institutional development to take root in Christianity, in a manner analogous to imperial bureaucratic architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The application of the principles of New Public Management to the school institution produces the emergence of new professions. Chili, since 2003, was one of the first countries to generalize certification procedures for its schools and thus create a new area of professional activity, that of quality consultation. The research to be reported here relates to the experience of a group of chilean quality consultants. These consultation practices, the tools they mobilize and the institutional transformations they produce constitute a new ground for education research. Although there are many publications on the international dissemination of quality management in education systems, there is no specific work on the work done by consultants. The results of the research show how these consultants mobilize the technical objects that constitute their « toolbox » to influence the involvement of school leaders and their teams in the process of institutionalizing the piloting through the quality of the education system. It is therefore also a question of showing how the support of schools towards quality certification affects the implication of the consultants themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with intellectual disabilities (ID) continue to report unmet housing needs. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the extent of research on housing for people with ID, and the complexities of people's housing experiences. A search yielded 44 studies conducted from 2009 to 2018, meeting the study inclusion criteria. The study findings were analyzed thematically, using an ecological systems framework, which examines the inter-relationships between individual experiences and their contexts, such as within families, organizations, communities and socio-political settings. Cross-study comparisons were conducted using qualitative matrices. Regarding housing types, the use of large institutions to house people with ID continues in most countries and countries are at various stages in the deinstitutionalization process. Supported housing was the most promising housing type related to positive outcomes; however, it is highly dependent on availability of affordable housing stock and individualized supports. Study findings show that people's experiences vary greatly and interact with differences in severity of disability, income levels, country of origin, and mental health. Across housing types, people report stigma and loneliness. This article highlights study findings alongside systems-level themes and identifies areas for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to understand the institutionalization process of imprisoned subjects, identifying subjective effects and strategies they use in serving the sentence. It also contextualizes the work of the Psychology professional in the Brazilian prison system and the debate with the Courts around the criminological examination. The study has a genealogical approach, using interviews and document analysis. The participants are three professionals and three inmates of a male prison located in a southern state of Brazil. The analyses showed that prison, as a total institution, provokes a rupture with the outside world and the previous reality of the inmates and that they abandon their identity and assume an institutional identity. Conducts are prescribed that legitimize hierarchies, and a language that signals to belong to the group is shared. Generally, the family is supportive, but the distance between it and the prisoners is a source of suffering for them, who create adaptation tactics for institutional coexistence. The perspective of freedom provokes feelings of joy and fear because the ex-prisoner stereotype remains with them after serving the sentence. The Criminal Execution Law provides the criminological examination in order to establish a program for the individualization of the sentence and progression of the regime but, the Federal Council of Psychology is against its elaboration by psychologists regarding the criminological prognosis of recidivism, the measurement of dangerousness, and the establishment of a causal link from the crime-offender binomial, and argues for monitoring the prisoner from the perspective of humanization, overcoming the punitive paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Science Information is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As recently as 2008, a major reference work in the sociology of religion could (correctly) describe the study of atheism, secularity, and nonreligion as 'meager, fragmentary, and unappreciated'. Only a decade later, this situation has been radically transformed. Not only is there a substantial, ever-growing, and constantly diversifying (methodologically, theoretically, geographically) research literature, but 'nonreligion studies' now possesses a full 'academic architecture' of conferences, journals, monograph series, professional communities, and grant successes. Over this period, the study of nonreligion has become increasingly institutionalized as an established subfield of the sociology of religion. This has not simply come about by magic. On the contrary, there are very good sociological reasons i) why, for over a century, nonreligion failed to take off (outside of certain, telling milieux) as an area of sustained sociological interest; and ii) why and how this has – seemingly so rapidly – changed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of a research whose objective was to analyze the impact of the institutionalized life in the identification project of adolescent girls who were about to leave a foster home. The case study of one of the participants is here presented. The teenager in question comes from a family involved in organized crime. The objective is to analyze the identification registers that the young woman has been able to take from the institution for the development of her identification project and to generate reflections on the usefulness of this type of assistance centers for minors without parental care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Quebec, the participation of community organizations in the development of social policies at the provincial level since the 1970s is a well-known and well documented empirical reality. Using the notion of institutional work as developed by sociological institutionalism, we demonstrate how actors from the third sector have been able to play an active role in the institutionalization of some of their practices, thus accomplishing work towards the creation of institutions. Basing ourselves on three case studies on innovative practices in the health and social services (the Carpe Diem approach, the autonomous management of medication, and community support for social housing), we highlight two forms of institutional work exercised by these actors: the constitution of normative networks, which favors the change of policy norms in a given field, and the construction of identities, which conditions collective action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Résumé: Avec le vieillissement de la population française, le nombre des personnes âgées institutionnalisées augmente. Si la majorité dit bien vivre en résidence, les syndromes dépressifs ne sont pas rares. La littérature a identifié de nombreux facteurs influençant le vécu de l'entrée en institution, mais il n'existe pas de trajectoire stéréotypée permettant le succès de ce processus. Cet article a pour objectif de décrire quelques expériences singulières et de mieux comprendre cette transition. French population is growing old, involving an increase in the number of institutionalized elderly people. Even if the majority states to be fine living in a nursing home, depressive syndromes are not rare. Studies have identified many factors that affect how residents experience their admission in a nursing home. However, there is no conventional way of successfully managing the entry process. This article aims at describing some unique experiences and understanding this transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environment around Brazilian participatory institutions is marked by a certain stagnation, based on its historical ties to left-wing parties. After the 2018 elections, it became necessary to pay attention to active experiences in conservative governments. This paper analyzes a supralocal experience, institutionalized by a right-wing government, that has a trajectory spanning 20 years: the Popular Consultation, in Rio Grande do Sul. The theoretical basis of this work discusses the scaling-up and the institutionalization of participation. The methodology is qualitative, with emphasis on process tracing. The results show that the scaling-up was insufficient to ensure a broad change in the political system. However, Popular Consultation is an innovative way to promote supra-local participation and deliberation, based on a good enough governance perspective. Institutionalization is fundamental to explaining its resilience to changes of government. Finally, this case signals that if the participatory institution shows results in terms of the efficiency of public management and does not have the ambition to change the pre-established status quo, the participation mechanism can be tolerated and encouraged in conservative governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of ALTER: European Journal of Disability Research, Journal Europeen de Erche sur le Handicap is the property of European Society for Disability Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the last few decades, the vision of old age and ageing has transformed it self, giving rise to concerns with the creation of environments favorable to the elderly population, in particular, the institutionalized on a permanent basis. Today, we live under the paradigm of active ageing, a process that values the combination of the individual and his environment as well as, the relationship created between them. This relationship shapes positive trajectories of ageing and social and cultural participation, as a vital experience of leisure and human development, where accessibility (s) stands out as an essential factor. Based on these assumptions, we wanted to understand how the participation and enjoyment of socio-cultural and artistic activities, in spaces outside residential institutions for the elderly, can constitute in privileged contexts of active ageing, of building idleness and development experiences for individuals residing in the institucions. This article is organized in two fundamental parts: in a first part, consists in a theoretical framework, discussing the process of active ageing in the specific scope of social and cultural participation; will also be held a discussion around the concept of idleness, analyzing it from the humanist perspective and as a central element in a healthy and active old age; Finally, will be analysed the importance of accessibility (s) as a determinant element of social and cultural participation of institutionalized elderly people. In the second part, the results obtained in a qualitative research conducted with 25 elderly people permanently institutionalized in five residential structures in the region of Leiria, Portugal, will be discussed. Thus, through the use of semi-structured interviews, we perceive that the active participation in activities of a sociocultural and artistic nature and the usufruct of this kind of activities are perceived by the institutionalized elderly people as an essential element in the process of active aging, in the experience of leisure experiences and in the feeling of well-being. However, this sociocultural and artistic participation is felt to be truly beneficial only if it takes into account the issues of accessibility, an aspect that is referred to as essential in the process of identity (re) construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'enseignement de la philosophie dans et par l'École africaine est servile et aliénant, parce qu'il perpétue la domination de l'Occident-colonisateur, nonobstant la décolonisation. Il s'agit d'un pseudo-enseignement, puisqu'au-delà de son côté idéologique, il stérilise l'esprit critique et créatif des apprenants, ensevelit ceux-ci dans le suaire du mécanisme reproducteur des cultures et des valeurs exogènes. L'aliénation philosophique prend ainsi en otage l'autonomie du sujet philosophant dans un univers où le référent local est considéré comme un obstacle épistémologique. La philosophie prend du coup l'allure d'un discours abstrait coupé des réalités qu'elle prétend élucider. Au lieu de servir les intérêts des élèves et étudiants pour qui elle a été institutionnalisée, elle sert plutôt ceux des puissances extérieures. Toutefois, au seuil du vingt et unième siècle, l'actualité philosophique africaine contraste considérablement avec la vieille École, grâce à l'engagement de certains décideurs politiques et intellectuels qui promeuvent l'autodétermination, la reconsidération des traditions africaines et la mise sur pied de nouveaux systèmes politiques et éducatifs susceptibles de booster le développement local. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]