Search

I denne artikel ser vi nærmere på de strukturelle styrker, der danner grundlaget for Danmarksdigitale styrker med udbredelsen af offentlige digitale services og forbrugere, som accelerer i at tagedigitale services til sig. Igennem et institutionelt perspektiv fremhæver artiklen nogle af deegenskaber, som karakteriserer digital innovation af bankservices i Danmark. De væsentligstefaktorer, som artiklen peger på, er de offentlige investeringer i digital infrastruktur, som skabendetroværdige produkter som NEMID-login hos borgere. Vi fremhæver eksempler på dette mellem deetablerede banker på det danske marked og den nye digitale bank Lunar. Artiklens nyskabelse er, atden bidrager med ‘bricolage-perspektivet’ på nye digitale bankservices, hvor eksisterende ressourcergenanvendes på nye måder og i nye konstellationer gennem partnerskaber. Strukturer som dannergrundlag for, at digital innovation kan ske i samarbejder, i netværk og partnerskaber som en formfor samarbejdsdrevet entreprenørskab. Artiklen bygger videre på et institutioneltinnovationsperspektiv, som tilbyder en ny måde at skildre og forstå nøglen til Danmarks digitaleinnovation på i et konkurrenceprægede miljø. I denne artikel ser vi nærmere på de strukturelle styrker, der danner grundlaget for Danmarks digitale styrker med udbredelsen af offentlige digitale services og forbrugere, som accelerer i at tage digitale services til sig. Artiklens nyskabelse er at den bidrager med ‘bricolage-perspektivet’ på nye digitale bankservices, hvor eksisterende ressourcer genanvendes på nye måder og i nye konstellationer gennem partnerskaber. Strukturer som danner grundlag for at digital innovation kan ske i samarbejder, i netværk partnerskaber som en form for samarbejdsdrevet entreprenørskab. Artiklen bygger videre på et institutionelt innovationsperspektiv, som tilbyder en ny måde at skildre og forstå nøglen til Danmarks digitale innovation på i et konkurrenceprægede miljø.

I Norge ble det i årene 2006-2009 gjennomført en omfattende reform med etablering av en ny arbeids- og velferdstjenestene (NAV). Reformen ble gjort til gjenstand for en omfattende evaluering, EVANAV, over flere år. I evalueringens siste fase ble det iverksatt en evaluering av evalueringen av reformen. Målet med denne metaevalueringen av EVANAV , var å lære av erfaringene og å komme med anbefalinger til hva en bør være oppmerksom på ved lignende, fremtidige evalueringer. Med utgangspunkt i data fra metaevalueringen undersøker vi i denne artikkelen de mange delvis motstridende behovene og interessene som var involvert i evalueringen. I EVANAV ble dette blant annet ivaretatt i formuleringen av fire mål som tilgodeser ulike behov. Basert på evalueringsteori og teori om institusjonelle felt bidrar analysen til en bedre forståelse av hva evaluering er, og hvordan ulike utfordringer knyttet til evaluering av store komplekse reformer kan forstås og håndteres. Vi trekker opp et skille mellom evaluering som ledd i profesjonell praksis, management-orientert evaluering og evaluering som forskning, hvorav de to siste er relevante for å belyse de ulike interessene i EVANAV.

The breakdown of housing markets in the years 2007-2008 had deep impact on the gravity of the recent financial crisis. Still there is a lack of studies in the media coverage of that market during the period. This thesis examines the Danish media coverage of the housing market before (2004), during (2007) and after (2010) the burst of the Danish housing bubble. Applying institutional theory and indexing theory, particularly the work of Daniel C. Hallin, the purpose of this thesis is not just to describe the media coverage, but also to explore the possible institutional explanations for the characteristics of the media coverage in this period. With a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods, the thesis finds that changes in coverage are vanishingly small during the years examined. No matter the situation of the housing market, the Danish newspapers apply a framing of the market as subject to just rational decisions of the private agents and tend to highlight the positive consequences and possibilities of the actual market situation. Equally, the professional agents of the market like banks and mortgage institutes dominate in the sense of newspaper sources, and the stories are restricted to the business sections of the newspapers. In the view of the indexing theory, the media coverage of the housing market in the examined period reflects a high level of political and public consensus that the market was well functioning and not in need of any regulation and/or support, even after the burst of the bubble. The very scarce use of political sources and angles all three years further emphasizes this point. In such situations, the objective journalism tend to be supportive of the consensus view by only reporting about the economic dimensions of the market and not acting critically, eg. by raising questions about the need of regulation of the market. The political debates about housing market are restricted to specific cases mostly regarding the Danish mortgage system and its regulation. But in these cases the newspapers seem to frame the content in a way that supports the Danish mortgage system and also in this sense the newspapers contribute to maintain the consensus view of a healthy housing market. The thesis ends up suggesting further studies in the emergence of a dominant economic framing of the housing market in the media. In this context, future studies could highlight the increasing significance of financial aspects of the economy in today’s business journalism and the increasing reliance on service journalism.

Forestillingen om, at ledelsesopgaven varierer alt efter hvilket lederniveau, der fokuseres på, trækker spor tilbage til en række tidlige ledelsesteoretikere. I de senere år har tilgangen på ny tiltrukket sig opmærksomhed såvel i praksisfeltet som blandt forskere, nok tydeligst illustreret via udbredelse af Leadership Pipeline modellen. Forskningslitteraturen om Leadership Pipeline er imidlertid beskeden. Med teoretisk ammunition fra ”idé på rejse” perspektivet og et multi-level case studie i den danske offentlige sektor belyser artiklen udbredelse og implementering af Leadership Pipeline. Ved at anvende skiftende teoretiske begreber og henholdsvis zoome-ind (organisationsniveau) og zoome-ud (feltniveau) viser artiklen, hvordan en række gensidigt forbundne teoretiserings- og translationsaktiviteter sikrede Leadership Pipeline legitimitet og fremskyndede dens udbredelse samtidig med, at forskellige praksisvarianter af Leadership Pipeline udkrystalliserede sig i offentlige organisationer med hver deres kendetegn og problemdefinitioner. Med afsæt i denne empiri argumenterer vi for, at implementering af Leadership Pipeline udspillede sig i overlappende teoretiserings- og translationsaktiviteter, der forstærkede hinanden, og at der i praksis ikke var én, men flere idéer om Leadership Pipeline, der rejste på tværs af felter og organisationer.

This thesis examines the business development carried out by municipalities in Denmark. The aim of the thesis is to examine the capacity of the municipalities to act and provide an acceptable service for the local business industry. The municipalities in Denmark are very important for the conditions of the local business industry and therefore the growth and economic development in Denmark. Municipalities have the authority when it comes to rules that affect the daily work of the local companies. Companies are frequently in contact with the municipalities, and they can therefore be described as the entrance of the companies to the public administration system in Denmark. The framework of the thesis is institutional theory, and in this perspective the aim is to examine how the institutional environment (rules, norms and values) and technical environment (the local companies as consumers) affect the business structure of the municipalities. In this perspective different conditions occur which together explain the capacity of the municipalities to act and shape their own business structure. In this thesis we can conclude that the relationship between the institutional and technical environments can be described as favourable, given that the environments aim for a homogenous business structure in many cases and therefore demand the same conditions from the municipalities. Furthermore we can conclude that the municipalities that act within and in accordance with the institutional environment can be seen as legitimate. On the other hand municipalities will also need to gain acceptance from the technical environment in order to create a satisfactory business structure for the local companies. Since the relationship between the institutional and technical environments can be seen as favourable, it is likely that legitimate municipalities will also gain acceptance from the companies. It is therefore finally concluded that municipalities that act in accordance with the institutional environment have a high probability of creating a satisfying business structure by getting acceptance from the local companies.

Specialet handler om medarbejdernes skøn i forbindelse med udbredelse af bølge 1 af obligatorisk digital selvbetjening.

The focus of this thesis is a fundamental change to public sector management theory and the derived change in the practice of public front line workers. The New Public Manage-ment (NPM) approach covers the dominant form of management with which shifting governments have managed the public sector in Denmark since the middle of the eighties. In recent years, a new approach to public management has surfaced characterized by a strong element of collaborative innovation. In the thesis, I work with institutional logics theory and conceptualize these two approaches to public sector management as the NPM-logic and the SI-logic (SI is an abbreviation of the Danish concept: “Samarbejdsdrevet innovation” – collaborative innovation). When joined these two logics possess incongruities, which I identify and analyze through a case study. In it, I link the two logics to the practices of social workers caring for elderly people in the Danish municipality of Slagelse. The study is based on qualitative methods, and while it tries to grasp the dynamics of a new overall approach to public management, it also takes into account the contextual knowledge created in the case study. The product of the thesis is therefore a generic framework for understanding change in the practice of front line workers through exemplification in specific practices from the case study. On this basis, change can be understood in an inter-institutional perspective, where the NPM-logic, the SI-logic and the contextual “care-logic” constitute the realm of possibility in which the social workers construct their perception of appropriate behavior. Hence, the introduction of the SI-logic can be said to expand the realm of possibility for the social workers, thereby affording them the means for change to their practice. Conversely, this expansion of the social workers’ realm of possibility creates new organizational challenges because demands arise regarding time and space for professional reflection among the social workers to recognize their new role. Furthermore, there is a demand for new leadership in order to follow up on and coordinate the more complex assignments that result from the new role of the social workers in the organization.

The Danish welfare society is facing a series of complex societal issues, which the public authorities cannot solve single-handedly. To face this challenge in a strategic manner, the authorities can benefit by establishing and managing policy networks, and hereby nourish the creation of collaborative innovation. Thus the aim of this thesis is to investigate what impact authorities, as meta-governing actors, and policy networks, as self-governing actors, have on the creation of such collaborative innovation. The thesis concludes that the two investigated policy networks and the meta-governance have a limited impact on the creation of collaborative innovation. Some of the approved ideas can potentially create collaborative innovation, but the policy networks cannot be held accountable, and therefore it is found that the investigated policy networks do not fulfil their potential. Furthermore it is concluded that even though the exercised meta-governance do not hinder the creation of collaborative innovation, it also does not cultivate it. The thesis’ aim is to investigate the problem through a theoretical guided case study. Therefore the investigation departs from the thesis’ theoretical framework, which is constructed of theory regarding: network, innovation and learning. The theoretical framework succeeds in explaining how to comprehend and create collaborative innovation, and how this can be done in policy networks and through meta-governance.

Specialet omhandler de udfordringer det danske arbejdsmarkedssystem (den danske model) står over for, som et resultat af EF-Domstolens afgørelser i Laval- og Rüffert-sagerne. Vi undersøger hvorvidt de eksisterende institutionelle strukturer på arbejdsmarkedet er truet af 1.) antallet af udstationerede østarbejdere i bygge- og anlægssektoren og 2.) de to nævnte afgørelser, hvor EF-Domstolen fastslog, at retten til at retten til at konflikte er en hindring for den fri bevægelighed af arbejdskraft.

Specialet diskuterer, hvilke begrænsninger har LFA i forhold til ledelse af projekter, og med hvilke metoder og teknikker disse kan afhjælpes? Til dette anvendes en teoretisk ramme sammensat af den sociologiske ny-institutionalisme samt Max Boisots teori om informationsrummet og læringscyklus.

African countries , from the African Information Society Initiative forum of 1995, have been working on facilitating a centralized e-government initiative. The system of implementing e-government services road map handed down by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa to African countries has been the inspiration for the institutional and operational reforms driving e-government in Africa. This paper, using the Institutional theory explores the challenges of introducing these new e-government, institutional culture into an already existing cultural relationship between African governments and ICTs. The paper adopts a qualitative approach in the data collection and analysis. This paper concludes that a successful western e-government structure can only succeed, if deliberate measures are taken to make sure the new institution harmonizes with the existing institutional culture and norms.