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INTRODUCTION: Ethics consultations are often needed at difficult junctures of medical care. However, data on the nature of how patient characteristics, including race/ethnicity, language, and diagnosis, affect ethics consult outcomes are lacking. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients who were seen by the Ethics Consult Service between 2017 and 2021 at a large tertiary academic center with the aim of determining whether patient demographic and clinical factors were associated with the timing of ethics consult requests and recommendations of the ethics team. RESULTS: We found that patients admitted for COVID-19 had significantly longer median times to consult from admission compared with other primary diagnoses (19 vs 8 days respectively, p = 0.015). Spanish-speaking patients had longer median times to consult from admission compared to English speaking patients (20 vs 7 days respectively, p = 0.008), indicating that language barriers may play a role in the timing of ethics consultation. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the need to consider clinical and demographic features when planning and prioritizing ethics consultations at large institutions to enhance consult efficiency, resource utilization, and patient experience and autonomy.

Although India's organ donation rate is less than 1 per million population, significant disparities exist between the regions and centres within the country, leading to varying consent rates among different organ donation centres. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the experience of transplant coordinators and their barriers and facilitators in the deceased organ donation process across various organ donation centres in India. A phenomenological study using interviews was conducted among fourteen transplant coordinators purposefully recruited from public and private organ donation centres in India, with experience between six years and more than a decade. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Five themes were identified namely: (1) supportive management policies, (2) infrastructure for the deceased organ donation process, (3) delays in the processing time, (4) active involvement in the identification process, and (5) explaining the concept of brain death. The study identifies that implementation priorities include strengthening teamwork, streamlining processes, optimising infrastructure for sensitive discussions, efficient donor identification, and empathetic handling of donor families' grief stages. Collaborating with law enforcement, applying successful medico-legal strategies, improving family communication, and clarifying brain death concepts ethically and legally can boost consent rates, fostering informed decisions and possibly achieving self-sufficiency in deceased organ donation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine how universities worldwide use TikTok, 7,880 TikTok posts from 118 institutional university profiles were reviewed and categorized through a systematic review. The results show an initial effort by universities to search for institutional content, although from 2021 onwards an increase in playful content focused on the university community is reported, making evident the need to exploit the platform with the corresponding narrative style, aesthetics, and particular times, thus connecting more efficiently with its target audience and betting on consolidating this community both in the real and digital terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the links between accumulation and socio-metabolic regimes by studying French capitalism from socio-economic and material perspectives since 1948. We characterize its social metabolism both in domestic and footprint approaches. The periodization of accumulation regimes in terms of Fordism and finance-led capitalism translates into material terms. The offshore materiality of finance-led capitalism partly substitutes for and partly complements the more domestic materiality inherited from Fordism. The transition phase between the two socio-metabolic regimes clearly corresponds to the emergence of the offshoring–financialization nexus of French capitalism, indicating the shift from Fordism to finance-led capitalism. We highlight strong inter-linkages between accumulation and material dynamics and discuss how materials may be instrumental in shaping accumulation regimes. We therefore introduce the concept of accumulation–metabolism nexus. This work illustrates the relevance of combining institutionalist macroeconomics with Material Flow Analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction minerals are vital to the supply of raw materials, especially for the construction industry, one of the world's most essential and oldest industries. However, construction minerals mines pose challenges to sustainable development due to their impacts on the sustainable development principle, including four pillars: social, economic, environmental, and institutional. Unmanaged mines will affect sustainability, so a systemic approach is needed to analyze and evaluate sustainability using indicators or attributes of each dimension. This research sought to construct the relationship between social, economic, environmental, and institutional leverage attributes and dimension sustainability. Therefore, we developed system dynamics models to describe the dynamism of dimension sustainability in the case of the construction minerals mine in Jeneberang River in three scenarios based on actual sustainability conditions. The simulation results show that the sustainability index value of Scenario 3 is the worst, which means all dimensions will be less and unsustainable. Meanwhile, Scenario 2 is the best scenario, where all dimensions of sustainability index values will increase and become relatively sustainable and sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Although India’s organ donation rate is less than 1 per million population, significant disparities exist between the regions and centres within the country, leading to varying consent rates among different organ donation centres. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the experience of transplant coordinators and their barriers and facilitators in the deceased organ donation process across various organ donation centres in India. A phenomenological study using interviews was conducted among fourteen transplant coordinators purposefully recruited from public and private organ donation centres in India, with experience between six years and more than a decade. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Five themes were identified namely: (1) supportive management policies, (2) infrastructure for the deceased organ donation process, (3) delays in the processing time, (4) active involvement in the identification process, and (5) explaining the concept of brain death. The study identifies that implementation priorities include strengthening teamwork, streamlining processes, optimising infrastructure for sensitive discussions, efficient donor identification, and empathetic handling of donor families’ grief stages. Collaborating with law enforcement, applying successful medico-legal strategies, improving family communication, and clarifying brain death concepts ethically and legally can boost consent rates, fostering informed decisions and possibly achieving self-sufficiency in deceased organ donation.

Aim: To synthesise international literature to identify mechanisms that maintain racism in nursing and understand the factors that contribute to designing and implementing anti‐racist praxis to inform nursing in Aotearoa New Zealand. Design: An integrative literature review was undertaken, integrating Indigenous Kaupapa Māori methodologies to ensure a cultural and philosophical lens. Methods: Peer‐reviewed literature published, between January 2011 and July 2023 were sourced. Of 1296 articles, 16 met the inclusion criteria and 4 were identified via citation chaining. In total, 20 articles were included. The Johns Hopkins Research Evidence Tool was applied, findings extracted, and thematic analysis completed utilising Indigenous Kaupapa Māori principles. Data Sources: Databases, including CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed and Aus/NZ Reference Centre, were searched in July 2023. Results: Two key themes were identified: (1) colonial active resistance to change; and (2) transformational, visionary, and proactive nursing. Conclusion: Nurses are well‐positioned to confront the structures that maintain racism in health and education systems but are often actors in maintaining status quo. Anti‐racist praxis can be a mechanism for nurses to reimagine, redefine and transform nursing care, leadership, and nursing education to begin to eradicate racism. Reporting Method: This integrative review adhered to the 2020 Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) method. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. Implications for the Profession: Racism remains prevalent in nursing and the healthcare system. It is necessary to implement anti‐racist praxis and policies that resist, deconstruct, and dismantle power and racism while validating Indigenous values, beliefs and practices. This is vital to deliver equitable health care. Impact: This integrative review presents lived realities and knowledge of Indigenous and racially minoritised nurses and scholars, alongside nursing allies to inform anti‐racist praxis. This evidence signifies that it is time to walk the walk to challenge the colonising systems and processes that hold racism in place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs are required to provide advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) in the core inpatient rotation areas of hospital/health system pharmacy and inpatient general medicine patient care. Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy (C/SOPs) nationwide are increasingly utilizing blended or longitudinal APPE models to offer experiential opportunities; however, there is a gap in the literature to support programs with delineating rotation-specific competencies when integrating two or more rotations together. Utilizing a survey instrument, PharmD students at two C/SOPs reported their onsite inpatient rotation sub-competency activities achieved within the four competency areas of Hospital/Health Pharmacy Systems, Medication Safety and Quality, Clinical Applications, and Professional Practice, which are listed in Appendix C of the 2016 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Standards Guidance Document. Unpaired two-sample t-tests were performed to compare proportions of sub-competency activity occurrence in the two rotation settings. In total, 168 students reported inpatient activities related to the four competency areas, with 95–100% reporting their involvement in one or more sub-competency opportunities within each area. Of the 26 sub-competencies compared, 73% significantly facilitated the development of competency to a greater extent for one APPE inpatient rotation type over the other (p < 0.05). The findings can be utilized by C/SOPs to support the delineation of rotation-specific competencies when blending inpatient experiential opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on evaluating the process and impact of the empowerment programme on the local community, considering participation as well as the level of success in improving the skills, knowledge, and economic independence of the community. Through a qualitative approach, data was collected from observations, interviews, and documentation to gain an in-depth understanding of how the programme affected social and economic transformation at the local level. The results showed The institutional training program in Samarinda has also contributed to empowering communities, improving living standards, reducing inequality, and addressing unemployment. The results of this study are expected to provide insights into the effectiveness of institutional development strategies in the context of human resource development at the region level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to analyze 1) waste management in terms of the institutional capacity aspect involved in waste management, and 2) analyze the objectives of the waste management program to overcome problems that occur in the sustainability of waste management. A qualitative approach was used by conducting a Focus Group Discussion with seven selected respondents and then analyzed using a quantitative approach using Interpretive Structural Modeling. The results show that the key factor from the relevant agencies, or the most crucial in determining the sustainability of waste management in Kambu District, Kendari City, is the Kendari City Cleanliness and Parks Service, which is assisted by government involvement in Kendari City. Therefore, waste management requires good institutional synergy to ensure the sustainability of waste management by conducting activities based on program objectives in the environmental cleanliness improvement program as the key factor. This can increase community involvement by reducing the volume of waste, utilizing waste recycling, and reusing waste, which can increase people's incomes. Another important element to ensure sustainable waste management is the improvement and maintenance of waste management facilities and infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of technology and the COVID-19 pandemic has altered the higher education landscape by highlighting online education platforms, thus bringing transformation to the teaching and learning process. Drawing from the dynamic capability theory, this study examines whether institutional, technology and human resources are determinants for the performance of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Malaysia. A quantitative approach was employed in this study, specifically utilising a structured questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 217 educators in Malaysian public and private HEIs. Data were analysed using the SmartPLS software. The empirical results reveal that institutional and technology resources significantly influence the performance of ODL in the HEIs. These results suggest that the ODL practices could be improved with dynamic resources supported by the HEIs. A sustainable ODL implementation would increase access to academic advancement for educators and students. The study's findings underscore the importance of sustainable education for HEIs, emphasising the need for robust policies and standards, efficient procedures, modern infrastructure, advanced information systems, and strong management support to ensure the long-term success of ODL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACTTo restore the degraded watersheds, the government of Ethiopia has recently introduced and adopted participatory natural resources management (PNRM) in different regions of the country. This study aimed at investigating the effects of the various independent variables derived from demographic, socio-economic, biophysical, institutional, and cognitive factors on the perceptions and the attitudes of local people towards the PNRM introduced in the Jemma Watershed, North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia. Semi-structured questionnaire comprised of closed- and open-ended questions was developed and administered to a total of n = 420 random households in five purposely selected Kebeles of the Jemma Watershed. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression techniques were used to analyze and interpret the household survey data. The descriptive results revealed that majority of the respondents (92.19%) agreed that they had the responsibility to protect and manage the natural resources in the Jemma Watershed. Consequently, about 83% of the respondents had already accepted the PNRM program introduced in the study watershed. The results of the multiple linear regression models revealed that several independent variables derived from demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, and cognitive factors had significant effects on the perceptions of the local people towards ‘the concept of PNRM’ (68% variance explained), ‘the presence of PNRM practice’ (61% variance explained), and ‘the problems with the existing PNRM system’ (72% variance explained). The study further uncovered that several independent variables derived from demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, and cognitive factors significantly affected the attitudes of the local people towards ‘managing the natural resources through participatory approach’ (63% variance explained), ‘having the responsibility to protect and manage the natural resources’ (75% variance explained), and ‘accepting the concept and the practice of the PNRM’ (65% variance explained). As there are still some respondents who are yet unsure to fully accept PNRM, creating public awareness on the PNRM and integrated watershed management program and practice is crucial to alleviate the problems of deforestation and land degradation, thereby enhancing the sustainable use of the natural resources in the Jemma Watershed.

While extensive research exists on immigrants as workers and migrant laborers, studies on immigrants as entrepreneurs in emerging economies are only beginning to emerge. This article addresses the limited knowledge on how immigrant entrepreneurs' agency, particularly their motivations, influences their enterprise growth. It provides a novel, in-depth analysis of how immigrant entrepreneurs leverage self-efficacy and social capital to navigate the challenges posed by the regulatory institutional environment. The study was conducted in South Africa using primary survey data, analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicate that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a positive and significant impact on the growth and innovation performance of immigrant enterprises. However, the moderating effects of institutional factors were not significant in this relationship. This study underscores the importance of key drivers of immigrant entrepreneurship within emerging market contexts. The insights gained may be adapted by immigrant entrepreneurs to their specific local environments. The originality of this research lies in establishing closer empirical connections between previously unlinked factors in the study of immigrant entrepreneurship within an African market context.

The study presents a comparative analysis of emission scenarios proposed by key institutions, including Shell, British Petroleum (BP), the International Energy Agency (IEA), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), within the framework of the Paris Agreement's ambitious goals. The Agreement seeks to limit global temperature rise to below 2 °C, ideally to 1.5 °C. Using a comprehensive analytical framework, the study evaluates each institution's projected carbon pathways, energy compositions, and policy recommendations. The findings reveal that IPCC scenarios demonstrate the strongest alignment with the Paris Agreement's targets, emphasizing a rapid transition to renewable energy and stringent mitigation measures. In contrast, the scenarios put forward by Shell and BP, although showing significant carbon reductions, remain heavily dependent on fossil fuels, raising concerns about the ability to meet the 1.5 °C and 2 °C targets. The IEA scenarios provide a middle ground, promoting decarbonization while still supporting natural gas as a transitional energy source. Disparities in transparency and methodological consistency are also identified across the scenarios, with the IPCC leading in clarity and scientific rigor. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of harmonizing the strengths of different institutional approaches, while addressing the respective limitations, to ensure that the global community can stay on track to meet or exceed the climate objectives outlined in the Paris Agreement's. The study concludes that collective action, accelerated technological advancement, and policy shifts are crucial to achieving a sustainable, Net Zero future.

Trust in Australian political institutions has declined markedly since 2007. Trust scholars and social capital theorists argue that institutional trust affects social trust, which implies that declining trust in political institutions should also reduce social trust. However, using data from the Australian Election Study, World Values Survey and HILDA panel study, I find no evidence of any aggregate-level decline in Australian social trust since 2007. While this could be a result of the 'coup era' in Australian politics from 2010 to 2018, a better explanation is that social trust remained high because permanent changes in trust occur primarily among younger people. A long-term decline through generational replacement therefore remains possible. This challenges both social capital theory and institutional theories of social trust, but would explain the experiences of other advanced democracies during episodes of political crisis, including New Zealand, Greece, Finland, Japan, Sweden, Spain and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to provide an overview of the systematic findings of dozens of pieces of literature compiled to strengthen the variables in this research. The research method applied in this scientific article is a structured literature review. Relevant scientific articles were selected, identified, and evaluated during the literature review process. Determination of study scope was carried out using the PICO (population/problem, intervention, comparison) framework, which provides a score to determine study boundaries. Providing research results that are far from perfect as an illustration of the research results and also a reference for continuing this research with various types of the same variables with different objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health is the key to well-being for mankind. Hospitals are health service institutions for the community so they must be able to improve services that are better and affordable by the community. Regional hospitals as health service institutions managed by local governments have their own institutions. This article aims to find out the various institutional changes in regional hospitals. The method used is literature review with a qualitative approach. The data source used is secondary which comes from the documentation of various books, journals, or other documents. The data presented using the Miles and Huberman interactive model includes (1) data reduction, (2) data presentation, and (3) conclusion drawing/verification. The data presented shows that regional hospital institutions in Indonesia often undergo changes. Such as the change from Regional Technical Institution (LTD) to Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) or BLUD, and finally [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current social and economic outlook at EU-27 level is showing some concerning trends, as it seems that the social outcomes are lagging behind economic results, at a time when the latter are on a declining and concerning trend, as well, due to the inflationary pressures recorded over the last couple of years. Extreme far-right movements gain momentum in countries regarded up to now as stable and consolidated democracies, and the New Member States seem to pick the signals and head towards their own nationalistic and extremist movements, be they far-right or far-left biased. EU-27 had to manage multiple challenges over the last period (2014-2024), aimed at combating climate change, reducing poverty and strengthening the middle-class which was subjected to increased pressures leading to polarization. The issue of polarization brings with it questions related to how the EU-27 citizens are faring, how economic and social measures are implemented and harmonized in combating inequity and inequality. The present paper aims to underpin some of the key issues that have to be dealt with, by including into consideration the CSR-factor which, despite initiatives, has not gained sufficient momentum at EU-27 level. The methodology is based on comparative statistics regarding some indicators relevant for both the social and the economic dimension of the EU-27, for selected central and eastern European countries sharing some similarities as regards geography and historical background. The conclusions show that, in the new context of the ESG-Agenda, and based on the fact that CSR is still a rather new initiative at EU-level, the selected New Member-States have a unique opportunity of using their experience in performing two transitions during a century and a half for making use of CSR tools in a way that might be translated also at EU-27 level. The argument is that their transition from one economic and social system to another, twice in the same century (after the Second World War, and by the end of the eighties), makes these countries to be better equipped for making informed decisions impacting labor market, including by using CSR tools. At the same time, they are also most challenged, as the difficulties they are faced with give way to perceiving sometimes levels of corruption that are exaggerated, and not corresponding to the reality, to considering the private sector (still) as more of a threat than an opportunity, especially for those occupation that become increasingly more obsolete in the context of the digital economy. Moreover, CSR instruments should focus more on young adults – born after the end of the eighties – who are more vulnerable when faced with the ‘histories’ told by either the far-right or far-left propaganda. In brief, in the absence of judicious CSR initiatives in both public and private sector, aiming simultaneously at both social and economic indicators, and according to the current state-of-play, with the emphasis on social, the risks are on increase when trying to reconcile economic growth, combating climate change and poverty alleviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a defining catastrophe for many communities across the world. This study focuses on a small, urban community in the United States at the regional epicenter of the pandemic with high rates of illness, death, financial hardships, and a halt to in-person school and services that lasted over a year. Drawing on institutional theory with a focus on environmental jolts and leadership sensemaking, we conducted a thematic analysis of 20 interviews with cross-sector community leaders, including city officials, school district administrators, directors of community-based organizations, and church leaders to evaluate how they made sense of COVID-19 disruptions and framed their responses to the environmental jolt caused by the pandemic in Spring, 2021. Findings illustrate how leaders framed the jolt as highlighting existing issues, maintained a focus on priorities and purpose pre-dating disruptions, and emphasized opportunities emerging from the crisis. We discuss how leaders engaged in sensemaking both as a form of stabilization, providing a rationale for maintaining pre-pandemic priorities, and as a way to motivate and leverage opportunity through an emphasis on the silver lining of the jolt. We close with implications of these findings for ongoing and future responses to environmental jolts and crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Factors influencing the formation of the socio-economic role of small agribusiness, directions for establishing the institutional and organizational-economic structure of small-scale enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and Poland are singled out. An analysis of the activities of small agribusiness entities was carried out using statistical data from GUS (Central Statistical Office of Poland) and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for the period from 2010 to 2020. The trends in running a craft business were disclosed. It has been demonstrated that the development of the agricultural sector is dominated by the direct freedom of decision-making and choice of producers. It was established that small agribusiness in Ukraine and Poland can meet the requirements of a competitive environment and function effectively under the conditions of coronavirus and war in Ukraine. The purpose of our research is to theoretically and methodologically justify scientific provisions and develop recommendations that will accumulate specific institutional and technological capabilities to produce necessary raw materials and create agri-food products in Ukraine and Poland. The methodological basis of the research includes fundamental principles of economic theory, management, and studies of scholars regarding the socio-economic role of small agribusiness in the conditions of war in Ukraine. Observation, sampling, and grouping methods were used for the theoretical justification in identifying problems in the development of small agricultural businesses; generalization and comparative analysis were employed to form the institutional and organizational-economic functionality of small-scale enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and rural areas, refine the conceptual framework, and draw conclusions and proposals on the selected topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the complex relationship between economic transformation/restructuring and the energy transition within the Chinese context between 2010 and 2020, with the primary motivation being to address China's urgent energy transition challenge. The entropy weight method used in this study yields statistically significant insights, such as China's notable shift toward cleaner energy sources and its dramatic decrease in coal consumption. This study also highlights how economic reforms play a role in the energy transition and in relation to these environmental objectives. This study also highlights the importance of investing in the renewable energy sector and technological innovation. They also show the regional disparities in these movements. These results also suggest a clear set of policy implications, the need to coordinate economic transformations toward sustainable energy with policies aimed at fostering innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The Census of Populations and Dwellings’ is the five yearly population count of Aotearoa New Zealand. Best available populations (BAP) are subnational projections based on census data and demographic assumptions developed for healthcare planning and funding allocation but are also used as the denominator for health indicator monitoring. Pacific people are systematically undercounted, but the impact on health statistics is not well studied. For COVID-19 vaccination coverage, health service user (HSU) data were considered a more reliable denominator than BAP but introduced new biases. We aimed to understand how the choice of denominator population impacts estimates of population size and health system performance for Pacific people at a local level. Methods We described how declining census response rates affected population data quality. We compared BAP and HSU data at district level. For the indicators ‘access to primary care’ and ‘cervical cancer screening uptake’ we replaced currently used BAP denominators with HSU and examined the impact for different ethnic groups in different geographic districts. Results Overall Census 2018 response declined by 10%, but for Māori and Pacific people by 21% and 23%, respectively. This inequitably affected BAP accuracy. Census undercount was highest in the district with the largest Pacific populations, where HSU exceeded BAP most. Notably, ‘access to primary care’ for Pacific people in this district consistently exceeds 100%. Using BAP, both health indicators are currently estimated as highest for Pacific people compared to other ethnic groups, but when based on HSU, they dropped to lowest. Similar, but less pronounced trends occurred in other districts. Changes in trends over time for both indicators coincided mostly with adjustments in BAP, rather than changes in the numerators. Conclusions The current use of BAP denominators for health statistics does not enable reliable monitoring of key health indicators for Pacific people. HSU denominators are also unsuitable for monitoring health. Exploring the feasibility of a real-time population register is strongly recommended as a new, transparent, way of obtaining more reliable, timely population data to guide policymaking and underpin a more equitable health system under the health reforms. Meanwhile, reporting of ethnic specific outcomes need to include a clear assessment of the potential for bias due to inaccurate population estimates.

This study aims to examine the Analysis of the Effect of Leverage, Profitability, Firm Size, Sales Growth and Institutional Ownership on Tax Avoidance. The object of this research is a manufacturing company in the consumer goods industry sector (goods consumer industry). The sample used in this study was 115 samples consisting of 23 companies for 5 years. With purposive sampling technique, the method used is multiple regression analysis, classical assumption test and descriptive statistics. The results showed that Leverage had no effect on tax avoidance, Profitability had a positive effect on tax avoidance, Firm size had no effect on tax avoidance, Sales Growth had a negative effect on tax avoidance, and Institutional ownership had no effect on tax avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the influence of several variables, namely: (1) CSR, (2) family ownership, (3) institutional ownership on tax avoidance which is moderated by business strategy. The population in this study was 171 manufacturing companies registered on the IDX with 3 years of observation, a population of 513 financial reports was obtained. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique, so that a sample of 48 companies was obtained over 3 years and 144 financial reports were obtained as research samples. The data collection technique used is documentation study via idx.co.id. Data were analyzed using the Stata application. The research results found that CSR and institutional ownership have a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance, while family ownership has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance, business strategy strengthens the negative effect of CSR and institutional ownership on tax avoidance, while business strategy weakens the positive effect of family ownership on tax avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study in hand was undertaken to explore the determinants which are effecting promotion of research culture at university level. Although many factors are effecting but the most relevant determinants affect was checked which are environmental and institutional determinants. The populationwas comprised of 1477 the faculty members of BZ University, Multan & Islamia University Bahawalpur as well as Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan and University of Science and technology, Bannu. The selected sample from the population was comprised of 253 faculty members hailing from the abovementioned higher education institutions out of 1477 was selected for study. The research design was quantitative in which survey questionnaires were distributed for data collection. T-test and ANOVA were used for analysis of data. The results offered significant information for reaching the conclusion, and making the desired decisions. Also, some recommendations have been extracted from results offered to the policy-makers and future researchers about research issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyze local government strategies in advancing social accountability regarding the environmental impact of Slaughterhouses in Semarang City, Indonesia. It also highlighted the significant challenges experienced by managers in fulfilling social accountability. This social accountability is necessary because it relates to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), which have become a global commitment, with a particular focus on point 11 concerning sustainable cities and communities. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, observation, scientific literature, government official reports, and actual news using a qualitative approach case study. This study identified several policy problems, including the technical requirements for a hygienic, clean, and healthy environment that had not been met at the Semarang City Slaughterhouse. In addition, there was no preventive mechanism from the manager to identify diseases in animals before being slaughtered. The institutional changes of the slaughterhouse, through several regional regulations, had also not succeeded in realising social accountability due to the negative environmental aspects caused. The community lacked a bargaining value and the right channel to pressure the slaughterhouse to carry out social accountability for environmental management. Therefore, this study suggested that the institutional approach and emphasis from CSOs/NGOs will have more impact in realising social accountability for environmental management in public organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the institutional development of the Olympic movement in the Philippines from the American period to the contemporary era as it operates within the values of 'Excellence, Respect and Friendship' of Olympism. Using Bowen's document analysis as a qualitative tool, the paper highlights the institutional changes and policy reforms in the Philippine sports governance in the development of the Olympic movement with emphasis on the promotion of athlete welfare in the Philippines. As an added dimension, the paper offers a passing review of the recent Olympic athletes' protest in the Philippines and analyses the underlying assumptions of Filipino athletes' passivity on social issues. Furthermore, the paper examines the significance of the Philippines Olympic Committee (POC) Athletes' Commission in addressing the athletes' rights and welfare as it interrelates and aligns itself with the goals and objectives of the International Olympic Committee Athletes' Commission. More importantly, the paper proposes an Input-Process-Output-Outcome/Result (IPOOR) Model to measure the success of the POC Athletes' Commission qualitatively in terms of the three levels of analysis espoused by the IOC Athlete's Commission namely, input, output, and results, as ways forward in the promotion and development of the strategies, programmes, and projects of the Philippine Olympic movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public trust based on service quality in organizations assumes that high public trust influences people to follow government policies, respect the law, and strengthen democracy and social stability. Conversely, low public trust can influence people to reject government policies, doubt the integrity of government institutions, and weaken democracy and social stability. The results of this Conference Paper explain public trust based on the quality of service in the police institution. Data, information, and knowledge regarding the locus of the Makassar City Resort Police (Polrestabes) were obtained through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions. The data were analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. The results of the study found that the quality of digital-based public services implemented in the institutions studied was able to change the image of the people served. A positive image of the community is built from the provision of physical evidence (tangibles) that meets expectations, empathy that underlies the desire to serve (responsiveness), and attention and ethics of moral behavior (assurance) in providing services to build trust (reliability) and positive appreciation as a form of external responsibility (accountability) from institutions to service recipients. The dimensions of the quality of public services are actualized in several main aspects as the basis of public trust in the Indonesian City Police Resort (Kapolrestabes) with high levels of achievement, namely in the dimensions of responsiveness, professionalism, transparency, community involvement, as well as security and justice. The performance of these institutions has an impact on increasing public trust in the Indonesian National Police (Polri), both individually and institutionally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organic and agroecological production, by promoting sustainable water management, contributes to the conservation of water resources. This affinity underscores the need for institutional interaction between the two sectors. In this perspective, the central objective of this article is to map and quantify the spatial distribution of organic production by hydrographic basins and sub-basins in the State of Paraná and to demonstrate aspects of intersectoral institutional coordination focusing on basin plans and the composition of their respective Hydrographic Basin Committees. The concentration of organic producers is higher in the Upper Iguaçu, Ribeira, Middle and Lower Iguaçu, and Upper Tibagi basins. The integration of water resources themes into plans and structures related to organic production is more significant than the reverse. In the basin plans of Upper Iguaçu and Ribeira Affluents, Litorânea, and Paraná 3, there are specific actions aimed at promoting organic production and agroecology. In the composition of the Hydrographic Basin Committees of the State of Paraná, the segment associated with organic production that is most present is the governmental, followed by representations linked to traditional communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In sustainable development and the development of business management in the new business condition, a new model of reporting is needed for reflecting all the internal and external organization effects, past and future of the companies' operations. Sustainability reporting provides an opportunity for more and better participation in the direction of sustainable development and provides the possibility of accountability in dimensions that have always been demanded by society and people. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of isomorphism dimensions on the pressure of stakeholders and then its effect on improving the level of environmental reporting to have an effectiveness sustainable development. In the direction of the development of sustainability, the principles of isomorphism theory as the initiator of many new approaches can affect the effectiveness of the implementation and implementation of environmental reporting based on sustainable development. Managerial reporting reforms can be explained from the perspective of new organizational theory. The theory of isomorphism with the concept of institutional homogeneity is useful in understanding financial reporting reforms because these reforms are carried out not only because of the optimal use of public resources but also because of political power and institutional legitimacy. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection method. To obtain data related to "environmental management reporting" and "dimensions of isomorphism", the questionnaire of Asiri et al. was used. The scoring of all questionnaires is based on the Likert scale. To test the hypotheses of the research, a sample of financial managers and senior management of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2022 has been selected. Due to the nature of the research, the large size of the population and the impossibility of surveying the entire statistical population, convenience sampling method was used. The sample size was also determined using Morgan's table of 300 people and for this purpose, the same number of questionnaires were collected. To test the hypotheses and research model, the data obtained from distributed questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods (such as sample, mean and standard deviation). In the inferential part to test the research hypotheses, the data was analyzed using the conceptual model through structural equation modeling and using PLS software. In this research, environmental management accounting is considered as a dependent hidden variable. The mentioned index is equal to the amount of points that people give in response to the relevant questionnaire. Also, independent hidden variables include environment-focused human resource management and environment-focused technology. Results: In this research, the effect of different dimensions of institutional isomorphism, including normative, mimetic and coercive dimensions, on institutional isomorphism, and in the next step, the effect of institutional isomorphism on the level of environmental reporting based on the principles of sustainable development has been investigated. Research hypotheses have been formulated in line with the theory of legitimacy, the theory of stakeholders and the theory of information economy, and it has been shown that in the companies listed to the Tehran Stock Exchange, coercive and normative isomorphism has led to the promotion of institutional isomorphism, and mimetic isomorphism has an effect on institutional isomorphism. Also, institutional isomorphism has led to the improvement of environmental management reporting in the path of achieving sustainable development goals. Institutional isomorphism has shown various types of pressure from interest groups and through different means, which will lead to changes in the structure of an organization and will create a kind of homogeneity among organizations. Institutional isomorphism with its mechanisms encourages or forces companies to implement environmental requirements in the path of sustainable development. The implementation and application of such requirements requires a suitable information system and its reports can lead to appropriate decisions in different organizational dimensions. Conclusion: Coercive homomorphism appears as a result of official and unofficial pressures through the acceptance of national and international guidelines and laws. For example, these institutions may prescribe conditions for the development of cooperation. While normative isomorphism manifests itself as a result of professionalism and organizations reaching the belief that systems such as environmental reporting has major benefits for the organization and society. There have been no such discussions in imitation. These results are in accordance with the stakeholder pressure theory and the new institutional holistic theory, which deals with providing an institutional theory based on the lack of resources and technological capabilities based on institutional isomorphism. Strengthening the use of information systems focused on the environment, which is done by training and strengthening employees' awareness of its methods, promotes the main indicators of sustainable development. This issue can be due to legal pressures from the government, following environmental laws, meeting the needs of environmental policies for the purposes of corporate governance. In this regard, isomorphism as a limiting process makes organizations comply with the sustainable development performance framework. Companies will also be structurally forced to submit reports and environmental measures and take optimal decisions in this regard. Therefore, by creating a duality, on the one hand, isomorphism will limit companies in the path of financial and economic development, and on the other hand, it will improve sustainable development indicators. One of the functions of the developer is the establishment of green technologies based on sustainable development in order to improve environmental performance, and in the same way, the development of human resource management based on the environment. Based on the findings of this research, it is suggested that governments, by establishing laws and regulations or through unions, require companies to establish environment-based systems and environmental reporting. Also, the improvement of environment-based human resources management, such as performance evaluation systems and payment of bonuses and promotion of employees, and improvement of the organizational culture of environmental management accounting in companies should be given more attention. The business environment should be developed in such a way that the survival of businesses depends on meeting the goals of sustainable development and the environment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aging can cause reduced physical and mental ability, economic dependence, and depression in the elderly, lowering their quality of life. The study aims to determine depression prevalence and assess quality of life among geriatric populations in Old Age Homes. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the elderly (age≥60 years) residing in an old age home (n=90) in district Bhopal (M.P). Multistage simple random sampling was used to select the study participants in all elderly people living in the OAH were included. The tools used are Geriatric Depression ScaleHindi (GDS-H) to estimate the level of depression and The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) in Hindi to assess the quality of life. Results: The prevalence of depression in OAH nearly 90 percent were suffering from depression either mild (61.11 percent) or severe (27.78 percent). Conclusion: This study also revealed that the level of depression is inversely proportional to the quality of life. As the level of depression increases the quality of life of an elderly individual decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the establishment of Yugoslavia as a state that consisted of several nations such as Croats, Slovenes, Bosnians, Albanians, Macedonians and Serbs, there will constantly be attempts to dominate other nations. For Serbia, the Yugoslav state will only be a tool for Serbian domination, which, in turn, stimulated Croatian national opposition. Nationalism will come to the fore mostly from the years 1844 with the infamous "Nacertania" program until the end of the Second World War. Serbian nationalism will also be emphasized during Tito's leadership, with the program of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1986 and its implementation by Slobodan Milosevic. The Serbs never stopped these forms of war even with the ethnic Albanians of Kosovo and the Albanians who lived in other territories in the former Yugoslavia, but they managed to adapt them, depending on the political currents in the world, and continued the ethnocide that can be taken as an example flagrant application of silent fascism that acted in the institutional framework, without any serious reaction from the outside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inequities in the incidence and outcomes of first episode psychosis (FEP) for Indigenous peoples are impacted by multiple institutional systems. This study examines Indigenous experiences of these systems to gain an understanding of how to improve institutional responses to FEP inequity. Methods: Critical race theory informed the methods used. Twenty-three participants participated in four focus group interviews, and thirteen individual interviews, including nine Māori youth and young adults with FEP, ten family members, and four Māori health professionals. Participants were asked about lifetime experiences of institutions (health, social, and criminal-justice). An adapted WHO framework for addressing mental health inequities was used to organize and analyse the first round of structural coding, followed by descriptive and pattern coding. Results: Two themes were identified. The first theme signposted opportunities for institutional intervention. Participants critique being processed quickly through institutions that are driven by socio-political agendas, namely perceived risk, threat or crisis. Subsequently, opportunities for meaningful intervention were missed. The second theme identified scope for family orientated responses across sectors. Participants described short-term social interventions and institutional structures that focused on individuals rather than families, emphasizing the need to broaden cross-sector scope to structural interventions for families. Discussion: The findings highlight institutional responses are focused on organisational drivers and downstream issues, that fail to address the fabric of the family social-environmental conditions that maintain Indigenous exposure to psychosis risk and poor outcomes. A pathway to equity would require a shared framework of social responsibility across sectors, that targets structural factors responsive to Indigenous family needs.

Granting special autonomy to Aceh Province is the government's response to support sustainable development in post-conflict. This study aims to optimize the management of Otsus funds for the overall welfare of the Acehnese people, with the ultimate goal of achieving independence. This study focuses on explaining and addressing issues related to managing the special autonomy fund and strengthening institutions to realize sustainable development and prosperity for the Acehnese. Descriptive qualitative research methodology was employed, involving data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The analysis utilizes the accountability and transparency theory to evaluate fund management practices in Aceh. Findings revealed that the special autonomy fund has not been effectively implemented due to weak institutional capacity, hindering sustainable development and welfare. Transparent fund management aligned with good governance has not been optimally achieved. The dominance of local political elites in policy-making has led to ineffective government management of the special autonomy fund, while bureaucratic efforts have yielded limited results. Nonetheless, Aceh has undergone some changes over the past 15 years, although not yet significant.

In the United States, Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs are required to provide advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) in the core inpatient rotation areas of hospital/health system pharmacy and inpatient general medicine patient care. Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy (C/SOPs) nationwide are increasingly utilizing blended or longitudinal APPE models to offer experiential opportunities; however, there is a gap in the literature to support programs with delineating rotation-specific competencies when integrating two or more rotations together. Utilizing a survey instrument, PharmD students at two C/SOPs reported their onsite inpatient rotation sub-competency activities achieved within the four competency areas of Hospital/Health Pharmacy Systems, Medication Safety and Quality, Clinical Applications, and Professional Practice, which are listed in Appendix C of the 2016 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Standards Guidance Document. Unpaired two-sample t-tests were performed to compare proportions of sub-competency activity occurrence in the two rotation settings. In total, 168 students reported inpatient activities related to the four competency areas, with 95–100% reporting their involvement in one or more sub-competency opportunities within each area. Of the 26 sub-competencies compared, 73% significantly facilitated the development of competency to a greater extent for one APPE inpatient rotation type over the other (p < 0.05). The findings can be utilized by C/SOPs to support the delineation of rotation-specific competencies when blending inpatient experiential opportunities.

Management crises, hazards, and disasters should be carried out with an integrated and patterned approach through the formulation of clear regulations and efficient coordination of disaster management institutions. Both will provide effective management in responding to crises, averting hazards, and managing disasters that have the potential to occur across various countries. In developed countries where regulations are well structured, using mitigation protocols, all parties have understood their duties, functions, and responsibilities in dealing with these risks. However, in countries where unstructured regulation is unstructured, there are complexities and multiple interpretations of regulations and there are intersections of institutional authority, which creates vulnerabilities in dealing with risk. This study concludes the importance of an integrated risk mitigation system, both in terms of rules and regulatory formulation as well as coordination of institutions in one container. In addition to these factors, economic, sociological, and demographic characteristics in a country are also structural conditions that determine the optimal implementation of regulations and institutional coordination.

This evaluation research aims to analyze the performance achievements of the nine regional development priorities which are translated into programs and activities of basic service obligatory affairs, non-basic service obligatory affairs, and optional affairs. The quantitative data used comes from the District Head's LKPJ 2022. On the other hand, the qualitative data comes from the results of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observations, both direct and indirect. Evaluation analysis techniques include four stages, namely need assessment, program planning, formative evaluation, and evaluation. The results of the study show that the performance achievements are in the good category (83.67 percent). The performance results are determined by institutional, bureaucratic, leadership, and strategic factors. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that (a) adequate technical guidelines for the implementation of programs and activities be issued, (b) communication, information, and education on the provisions of the rules that serve as a reference for the implementation of programs and activities to be carried out more intensively, (c) the competency of ASN is continuously improved continuous, planned and integrated, (d) aspects of IQ in the form of vision, PQ in the form of work discipline, EQ in the form of passion and SQ aspects in the form of awareness of conscience need attention in placing leadership positions, and (e) vision and goals Organizations need to be revitalized continuously and adapted to the results of external and internal environmental analysis, and developments in science and technology.

The social differentiation of society, its division into a huge number of social groups, each of which has specific economic, cultural and other interests, creates a need for representation and consideration of these interests in public administration courses. It is about establishing stable communication channels between society and the state. One of the most effective and widespread channels of such interaction is a political party. Transformations in Ukrainian society, changes in social development orientations, and modern military realities force us to pay close attention to political governance and, in particular, to parties as one of the main subjects of state governance. Political parties act as mechanisms of political acquisition of power through elections and influence the formation of state policy and decisions. Political parties appeared as a result of the development of parliamentarism, ideologies and the birth of democratic traditions in the 19th century. They became important in the context of the transition to democratic forms of government, replacing totalitarian, monarchical and authoritarian systems. The development of political parties is connected with economic progress and social development. Today, the presence of structured and multifunctional political parties is a sign of high development of society, civic culture and tolerance. They exist in most countries and in all political systems. The role of political parties is to create public policy and participate in public administration. The influence of political parties on state activity varies depending on the form of government and the type of electoral system in different countries. The study of power and management is impossible without analyzing the activities of political parties in power structures. They are the focus of attention when studying state policy and political processes. Ukraine also has a developed institution of political parties that participate in the formation of state policy and influence public administration. Given the importance of these processes, political parties are the focus of this article.

This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and leverage variables on dividend policy. The population is food and beverage companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2021 period. The sample of this research was determined by sampling method based on the criteria of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and the publication of complete reports and data including data from variables that have been studied during the 2017-2021 research period. This research uses quantitative data with multiple linear regression techniques. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique and resulted in a sample of 20 companies. Quantitative analysis includes classical assumption tests (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test), multiple linear regression test, model feasibility test via t-test, F test, and coefficient of determination. Based on the research results, show that managerial ownership does not affect dividend policy, institutional ownership has a positive effect on dividend policy, and leverage has a positive effect on dividend policy. Based on the research results that have been explained, it can be concluded that managerial ownership has no effect on dividend policy, and institutional ownership and leverage have a positive effect on the dividend policy of food and beverage companies listed on the IDX for the 2017-2021 period.

Education for sustainable development recognizes the ways, in which teachers improve education, by utilizing their skills to the fullest extent and reconsidering the conditions of the teaching profession. The relationship between teachers' professional identity and teachers' emotions is an issue that needs to be studied as a basis for improving the effectiveness of their professional activities. Thus, a standardized questionnaire was used to describe the characteristics of Vietnamese secondary teachers and the influence of teacher professional identity (TPI) on working emotions. The study was conducted in Vietnam using two survey instruments aimed to determine the role of TPI contribution in the different dimensions of teachers' emotions (anger, fear, joy, love and sadness). Findings revealed that a higher level of TPI social dimension was among participating Vietnamese teachers, and a lower level was towards career with negative emotions such as anger, fear and sadness. In addition, higher levels of the institutional dimension of TPI were associated with lower levels of teachers' feeling of joy in their career; and when the level of the personal dimension of TPI was higher, teachers' sense of love towards their profession was higher. Three implications of the study are proposed to help promote teacher identity, in ways that contribute to positive emotion in executing their teaching task. In other words, when teachers had a higher motivation, satisfaction, and commitment, they could perceive teaching as a noble job and be full of positivity. This made teachers ready for professional development in compliance with sustainability education goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]