1. Fire hazard modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in eastern and central Europe
- Author
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A. Feurdean, B. Vannière, W. Finsinger, D. Warren, S. C. Connor, M. Forrest, J. Liakka, A. Panait, C. Werner, M. Andrič, P. Bobek, V. A. Carter, B. Davis, A.-C. Diaconu, E. Dietze, I. Feeser, G. Florescu, M. Gałka, T. Giesecke, S. Jahns, E. Jamrichová, K. Kajukało, J. Kaplan, M. Karpińska-Kołaczek, P. Kołaczek, P. Kuneš, D. Kupriyanov, M. Lamentowicz, C. Lemmen, E. K. Magyari, K. Marcisz, E. Marinova, A. Niamir, E. Novenko, M. Obremska, A. Pędziszewska, M. Pfeiffer, A. Poska, M. Rösch, M. Słowiński, M. Stančikaitė, M. Szal, J. Święta-Musznicka, I. Tanţău, M. Theuerkauf, S. Tonkov, O. Valkó, J. Vassiljev, S. Veski, I. Vincze, A. Wacnik, J. Wiethold, T. Hickler, Palaeo-ecologie, Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen] (NERSC), Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institut za arheologijo (ZRC SAZU), Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU - Institut za arheologijo, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut fûr Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Geography, University of Liverpool, Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Department of Biogeography and Paleoecology, Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Institute of Geology, University of Bern, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre [Vilnius], Department of Palaeobotany, Institute of Biology, Białystok University of Technology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, University of Sofia, Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), PAGES Global Charcoal Database, ANR-09-CEPL-0004,OBRESOC,Un observatoire rétrospectif d'une société archéologique: La trajectoire du néolithique Rubané.(2009), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', and Софийски университет = Sofia University more...
- Subjects
KA BP ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,IMPACT ,Climate ,lcsh:Life ,580 Plants (Botany) ,01 natural sciences ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,ddc:550 ,Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Holocene ,ddc:910 ,Biomass (ecology) ,Ecology ,lcsh:QE1-996.5 ,Geology ,Vegetation ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,[SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM] ,Management ,SUMMER ,Physical Sciences ,CHARCOAL RECORDS ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,010506 paleontology ,Evolution ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,REGIMES ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,Land cover ,Behavior and Systematics ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,MANAGEMENT ,Temperate climate ,Regimes ,Sedimentary ,[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Forest floor ,Science & Technology ,Fire regime ,Land use ,15. Life on land ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,CLIMATE ,MODEL ,lcsh:Geology ,SEDIMENTARY ,lcsh:QH501-531 ,Earth sciences ,13. Climate action ,Environmental science ,VEGETATION ,Physical geography ,lcsh:Ecology ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Model - Abstract
Wildfire occurrence is influenced by climate, vegetation and human activities. A key challenge for understanding the risk of fires is quantifying the mediating effect of vegetation on fire regimes. Here, we explore the relative importance of Holocene land cover, land use, dominant functional forest type, and climate dynamics on biomass burning in temperate and boreo-nemoral regions of central and eastern Europe over the past 12 kyr. We used an extensive data set of Holocene pollen and sedimentary charcoal records, in combination with climate simulations and statistical modelling. Biomass burning was highest during the early Holocene and lowest during the mid-Holocene in all three ecoregions (Atlantic, continental and boreo-nemoral) but was more spatially variable over the past 3–4 kyr. Although climate explained a significant variance in biomass burning during the early Holocene, tree cover was consistently the highest predictor of past biomass burning over the past 8 kyr. In temperate forests, biomass burning was high at ∼45 % tree cover and decreased to a minimum at between 60 % and 70 % tree cover. In needleleaf-dominated forests, biomass burning was highest at ∼ 60 %–65 % tree cover and steeply declined at >65 % tree cover. Biomass burning also increased when arable lands and grasslands reached ∼ 15 %–20 %, although this relationship was variable depending on land use practice via ignition sources, fuel type and quantities. Higher tree cover reduced the amount of solar radiation reaching the forest floor and could provide moister, more wind-protected microclimates underneath canopies, thereby decreasing fuel flammability. Tree cover at which biomass burning increased appears to be driven by warmer and drier summer conditions during the early Holocene and by increasing human influence on land cover during the late Holocene. We suggest that long-term fire hazard may be effectively reduced through land cover management, given that land cover has controlled fire regimes under the dynamic climates of the Holocene. more...
- Published
- 2020
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