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1. Modeling of sodium nitrite and water transport in pork meat

Author

Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos - Departament de Tecnologia d'Aliments, INSTITUT DE RECERCA I TECNOLOGIA AGROALIMENTARIES, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Gómez, J., Sanjuán Pellicer, María Nieves, Arnau, J., Bon Corbín, José, Clemente Polo, Gabriela, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos - Departament de Tecnologia d'Aliments, INSTITUT DE RECERCA I TECNOLOGIA AGROALIMENTARIES, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Gómez, J., Sanjuán Pellicer, María Nieves, Arnau, J., Bon Corbín, José, and Clemente Polo, Gabriela

Abstract

[EN] Four models were used to simulate nitrite uptake and water loss during pork meat curing with sodium nitrite: three empirical ones (the Azuara, the Peleg and the Zugarramurdi and Lupin) and one theoretical (the diffusional). By means of the Azuara and the Peleg models, the equilibrium moisture content and the equilibrium nitrite content were properly identified. Zugarramurdi and Lupin's model did not provide information about process parameters. The effective diffusivities of water (Dwe) and nitrite (DNe) were calculated. The activation energy (ENa and Ewa) was evaluated from the parameters of both the Peleg and the diffusional models. The results were similar; the Peleg model having the advantage of simplicity of calculation. The effect of meat anisotropy was confirmed from the diffusional model; the perpendicular transport of nitrite is easier than the parallel. This study highlighted the importance of choosing the most appropriate model depending on the objective to be achieved.

Published
2019

3. GCN5 modulates salicylic acid homeostasis by regulating H3K14ac levels at the 5′ and 3′ ends of its target genes

Author

Ruggieri, Valentino, Alexiou, Konstantinos, Morata, Jordi, Argyris, Jason, Pujol, Marta, Yano, Ryoichi, Nonaka, Satoko, Ezura, Hiroshi, Cigliano, Riccardo Aiese, Sanseverino, Walter, Puigdomenech, Pere, Casacuberta, Josep, Kirienko, Anna, Porozov, Yuri, Malkov, Nikita, Akhtemova, Gulnara, Le Signor, Christine, Thompson, Richard, Saffray, Christine, Dalmais, Marion, Tikhonovich, Igor, Dolgikh, Elena, Boucheham, Anouar, Sommard, Vivien, Zehraoui, Farida, Batouche, Mohamed, Israeli, David, Tahi, Fariza, Jacob, Pierre, Avni, Adi, Ligerot, Yasmine, De Saint Germain, Alexandre, Waldie, Tanya, Kadakia, Nikita, Pillot, Jean-Paul, Prigge, Michael, Aubert, Gregoire, Leyser, Ottoline, Estelle, Mark, Debellé, Frederic, Rameau, Catherine, GOUZY, Jerome, Badouin, Hélène, Lemainque, Arnaud, Vergne, Philippe, Moja, Sandrine, Choisne, Nathalie, Pont, Caroline, Carrere, Sebastien, Caissard, Jean-Claude, Couloux, Arnaud, Cottret, Ludovic, Aury, Jean-Marc, Szécsi, Judit, Madoui, Mohammed-Amin, Yang, Shu-Hua, Piola, Florence, Larrieu, Antoine, Perez, Magali, Labadie, Karine, Perrier, Lauriane, govetto, Benjamin, LABROUSSE, Yoan, Villand, Priscilla, Bardoux, Claudia, Boltz, Véronique, Lopez-Roques, Celine, Heitzler, Pascal, Vernoux, Teva, Quesneville, Hadi, Boualem, Adnane, Liu, Chang, Le Bris, Manuel, Salse, Jerome, Baudino, Sylvie, Wincker, Patrick, François, Léa, Verdenaud, Marion, Fu, Xiaopeng, Ruleman, Darcy, Dubois, Annick, Vandenbussche, Michiel, Raymond, Olivier, Just, Jérémy, Bendahmane, Mohammed, Giner, Ana, Pascual, Laura, Bourgeois, Michael, Gyetvai, Gabor, Rios, Pablo, Picó, Belén, Troadec, Christelle, Bendahmane, Abdel, Garcia-Mas, Jordi, MARTIN-HERNANDEZ, Ana Montserrat, Kim, Soonkap, Piquerez, Sophie, Ramirez-Prado, Juan, Mastorakis, Emmanouil, Veluchamy, Alaguraj, Latrasse, David, Manza-Mianza, Deborah, Brik-Chaouche, Rim, Huang, Ying, Rodriguez-Granados, Natalia, Concia, Lorenzo, Blein, Thomas, Citerne, Sylvie, Bendahmane, Abdelhafid, Bergounioux, Catherine, Crespi, Martin, Mahfouz, Magdy, Raynaud, Cécile, Hirt, Heribert, Ntoukakis, Vardis, BENHAMED, Moussa, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), IRTA, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics, University of Tsukuba, Sequentia Biotech SL, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, University Salah Boubnider Constantine 3, Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord (LIPN), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIRE laboratory, Constantine, University of Constantine, GENETHON 3, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Laboratoire de chimie organique et organométallique (LCOO), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Biology [La Jolla], University of California-University of California, UMR 0441 INRA / CNRS : Laboratoire de Biologie moléculaire des relations plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sexe et évolution, Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales (LBVPAM), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Département de chirurgie, CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Plant Integrative Biology [Nothingham] (CPIB), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GeT PlaGe, Genotoul, Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Huazhong Agricultural University, Division of Biology [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GAFL), Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Economics and Management [Beijing] (BUAA), Beihang University, Institut de biotechnologie des plantes (IBP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Warwick [Coventry], AgroParisTech, and ANR-18-CE20-0015,EPICLIPSE,Dynamique des marques épigénétiques dans les cellules hôtes infectées et subversion de l'épigénome par le pathogène.(2018)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Transcription, Genetic, AcademicSubjects/SCI00010, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Biology, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, Histones, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Genetics, Homeostasis, Plant Immunity, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Epigenetics, Promoter Regions, Genetic, QH426, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Histone Acetyltransferases, 030304 developmental biology, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, Arabidopsis Proteins, Lysine, Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics, Acetylation, Biotic stress, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Cell biology, Chromatin, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), Histone, Acetyltransferase, Transcription Coactivator, biology.protein, 5' Untranslated Regions, Salicylic Acid, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The modification of histones by acetyl groups has a key role in the regulation of chromatin structure and transcription. The Arabidopsis thaliana histone acetyltransferase GCN5 regulates histone modifications as part of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 Acetyltransferase (SAGA) transcriptional coactivator complex. GCN5 was previously shown to acetylate lysine 14 of histone 3 (H3K14ac) in the promoter regions of its target genes even though GCN5 binding did not systematically correlate with gene activation. Here, we explored the mechanism through which GCN5 controls transcription. First, we fine-mapped its GCN5 binding sites genome-wide and then used several global methodologies (ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq and RNA-seq) to assess the effect of GCN5 loss-of-function on the expression and epigenetic regulation of its target genes. These analyses provided evidence that GCN5 has a dual role in the regulation of H3K14ac levels in their 5′ and 3′ ends of its target genes. While the gcn5 mutation led to a genome-wide decrease of H3K14ac in the 5′ end of the GCN5 down-regulated targets, it also led to an increase of H3K14ac in the 3′ ends of GCN5 up-regulated targets. Furthermore, genome-wide changes in H3K14ac levels in the gcn5 mutant correlated with changes in H3K9ac at both 5′ and 3′ ends, providing evidence for a molecular link between the depositions of these two histone modifications. To understand the biological relevance of these regulations, we showed that GCN5 participates in the responses to biotic stress by repressing salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-mediated immunity, highlighting the role of this protein in the regulation of the crosstalk between diverse developmental and stress-responsive physiological programs. Hence, our results demonstrate that GCN5, through the modulation of H3K14ac levels on its targets, controls the balance between biotic and abiotic stress responses and is a master regulator of plant-environmental interactions.

Published
2020

4. Age and growth of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis in the western Mediterranean Sea

Author

Maite Vázquez-Luis, Patricia Prado, Jose Tena-Medialdea, Salud Deudero, Nardo Vicente, José Rafael García-March, Sebastián Hernandis, Universidad Catolica de Valencia (UCV), Centro de Investigación Marina de Santa Pola (CIMAR), Aquatic Ecosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Producció Animal, Aigües Marines i Continentals, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, and Elsevier

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Western Mediterranean, 2417.05 Biología Marina, Medio Marino y Protección Ambiental, Von bertalanffy, media_common.quotation_subject, Endangered species, Conservation, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pinna nobilis, Mass mortality, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Mediterranean sea, Die-off, 14. Life underwater, Pen-shell, Model-growth, Global change, media_common, Species, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Bivalve, Longevity, Estuary, General Medicine, Mussel, biology.organism_classification, Coastal lagoon, Pollution, 3105.12 Ordenación y Conservación de la Fauna Silvestre, Habitat, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

The present work, which is the first comparative study of the growth of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis in the western Mediterranean, encompasses 12 populations of this species living in different environments in France and Spain. Two hundred nine shells were processed and used to obtain growth records from the posterior adductor muscle scar. Size-at-age data were fitted to the Von Bertalanffy growth model. Considerable variability in growth parameters and age was detected among the populations. The results show that the only two fan mussel populations remaining in Spain, which live in an estuary and a coastal lagoon, occupy habitats that are optimal for fast growth, but individuals show low longevity, complicating the long-term conservation of the species. Multivariate analyses groups the populations into three groups (SO, EO and LG), and a general model is proposed for each group; the model can be used as an approximation to calculate the ages of individuals living in similar environments, Sí

Published
2020

5. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of pea protein isolate as a function of pH, food matrices, autoclaving, high-pressure and re-heat treatments

Author

Catherine M.G.C. Renard, M. Dolors Guàrdia, Laura Laguna, Pierre Picouet, Anwesha Sarkar, Food Colloids and Processing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Groupe de Recherche en Agroalimentaire sur les Produits et les Procédés (GRAPPE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Food Processing and Engineering, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 311754, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), European Commission, USC 1422 Groupe de Recherche en Agroalimentaire sur les Produits et les Procédés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Sarkar, Anwesha, and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
HPP, Autoclave, Digestibility, Puree, Pea protein, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Proteolysis, Sodium, chemistry.chemical_element, purée, aliment enrichi, Pascalization, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, medicine, protéine de pois, Food science, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 2. Zero hunger, Aqueous solution, medicine.diagnostic_test, digestion gastrique in vitro, food and beverages, digestibilité intestinale, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, Isoelectric point, chemistry, connaissance theorique, traitement thermique, Food Science
Abstract

This study investigated the influence of pH and processing conditions (autoclave at 93 °C/13 min or high pressure processing (HPP) at 600 MPa/5 min without/with follow-up reheating at 80 °C/30 min) on the digestibility of pea protein isolate. Both aqueous solutions and real food matrices (apple and carrot purees) containing pea protein was examined at 37 °C. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion was followed using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, titrimetric techniques and theoretical calculations. Pea protein with HPP followed by re-heating showed the highest rate of proteolysis in gastric conditions. In case of sequential intestinal digestion of the gastric chyme, pea protein at pH 6.2 demonstrated higher degree and rate of digestibility as compared to that at pH 3.6, the latter being close to the isoelectric point of pea protein. However, autoclave treatments overshadowed such pH effects. Processing-induced enhancement in digestibility might be attributed to the unfolding of the globular pea protein subunits. Pea protein in the carrot puree was more digestible than in the apple puree, due to apple procyanidins binding to pea protein. These new findings might have important implications in designing the process parameters and selection of appropriate food matrices for delivering pea protein., The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. Kbbe- 311754 (OPTIFEL).

Published
2017

6. Phenotypic insecticide resistance in arbovirus mosquito vectors in Catalonia and its capital Barcelona (Spain)

Author

Silvie Huijben, Nonito Pagès, Carles Aranda, Sandra Talavera, Krijn P. Paaijmans, Roger Eritja, Marco Brustollin, Producció Animal, Sanitat Animal, ISGlobal, Centre de Recerca en Epidemiologia Ambiental (CREAL), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Penn State System-Penn State System, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal CReSA, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Servei de Control de Mosquits, Consell Comarcal del Baix Llobregat, Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Programa Recercaixa 2011, Branco Weiss Fellowship, and Huijben, Silvie

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, Veterinary medicine, Viral Diseases, Insecticides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease Vectors, Mosquitoes, Geographical locations, Malalties víriques, Dengue fever, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Pathology and laboratory medicine, Multidisciplinary, Résistance aux insecticides, biology, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Medical microbiology, 3. Good health, Insects, Europe, Vecteur de maladie, Infectious Diseases, Arboviral Infections, S50 - Santé humaine, Viruses, Medicine, Pathogens, Agrochemicals, West Nile virus, L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, Research Article, Virus diseases, Aedes albopictus, Catalonia, Arthropoda, Culex, Science, 030231 tropical medicine, Arbovirus, Microbiology, Ddt, 03 medical and health sciences, Culex pipiens, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, European Union, Transmission des maladies, Aedes, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, Organisms, Viral pathogens, Outbreak, Catalunya, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Invertebrates, Insect Vectors, Microbial pathogens, Barcelona (Catalonia), Species Interactions, Barcelona (Catalunya), 030104 developmental biology, Culicidae, Spain, Vector (epidemiology), People and places, Arboviruses
Abstract

A range of mosquito species that belong to the Culicidae family are responsible for the worldwide transmission of infectious arboviral diseases such as dengue fever, Zika, West Nile fever and Chikungunya fever. Spain is at risk of arbovirus outbreaks, as various arboviral diseases are frequently introduced and it has established competent vector populations. Autochthonous human cases of West Nile virus have been reported infrequently since 2004, and since October 2018 three autochthonous human case of dengue fever have been confirmed. In response to an outbreak of any arboviral disease, space spraying or fogging will be implemented to control adult mosquito populations. To ensure adulticiding is cost-effective, the insecticide susceptibility status of vectors throughout Catalonia, an autonomous region in north-eastern Spain, was assessed through standardized WHO tube and CDC bottle bioassays. All Culex pipiens populations tested were resistant to at least one of the pyrethroids tested, whereas Aedes albopictus populations were susceptible to all pyrethroids tested. More detailed studies on the Cx. pipiens populations from the Barcelona area (the capital and largest city of Catalonia) revealed resistance to all four classes of public health insecticides available (pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates and organochlorides). All Ae. albopictus populations were susceptible to those classes, except for one of the tests performed with pirimiphos-methyl (an organophosphate). Pyrethroids are currently the first line chemical class to be used in space spray operations in response to an outbreak of an arboviral disease. While pyrethroids can be effective in reducing Ae. albopictus populations, this class may not be effective to control Cx. pipiens populations.

Published
2019

7. A comprehensive genome variation map of melon identifies multiple domestication events and loci influencing agronomic traits

Author

Jordi Garcia-Mas, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Elad Oren, Hanno Schaefer, Amit Gur, Zhu Yingchun, He Yuhua, Diandian Ou, Sanwen Huang, Nurit Katzir, Kong Weihu, Li Na, Lara Pereira, Sun Dexi, Jason Argyris, Runze Wang, Toni Gabaldón, Qiushi Fu, Zhao Guangwei, Jiabing Ji, Zhonghua Zhang, Shengjie Zhao, Qun Lian, Jian Zhang, Antonio J. Monforte, Wang Jiming, Yong Xu, Huaisong Wang, Marta Pujol, Michel Pitrat, Wei Fan, Liu Junpu, Yang Zhong, Wang Pingyong, Tao Lin, Xu Yongyang, Zhangjun Fei, Xu Zhihong, Shang Jianli, Irene Julca, Valentino Ruggieri, Catherine Dogimont, Ma Shuangwu, Carlos Mayobre, Producció Vegetal, Genòmica i Biotecnologia, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Qingdao Agricultural University, Institut de Recerca I Tecnología Agroalimentaries, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Instituto de Biologia Molecular Y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centre for Genomic Regulation [Barcelona] (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Centro Nacional de Analisis Genomico [Barcelona] (CNAG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Dongguk University, Seoul (Department of Energy & Materials Engineering), State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricutural University, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Agricultural Research Organisation (ARO), Volcani Center, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Plant Biodiversity Research, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Boyce Thompson Institute [Ithaca], Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University (CAU), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Agriculture Research System of China, Guandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Institute of Food and Agriculture (US), European Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, German Research Foundation, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
cucumber cucumis-sativus, Melon, Quantitative Trait Loci, cloning, population-structure, wide association, Genomics, tomato, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Subspecies, Genome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, diversity, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Crop, Domestication, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, Plant breeding, gene, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, tool, 15. Life on land, humanities, color, Computational biology and bioinformatics, Cucurbitaceae, Plant Breeding, Phenotype, Evolutionary biology, Plant sciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome, Plant, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Melon is an economically important fruit crop that has been cultivated for thousands of years; however, the genetic basis and history of its domestication still remain largely unknown. Here we report a comprehensive map of the genomic variation in melon derived from the resequencing of 1,175 accessions, which represent the global diversity of the species. Our results suggest that three independent domestication events occurred in melon, two in India and one in Africa. We detected two independent sets of domestication sweeps, resulting in diverse characteristics of the two subspecies melo and agrestis during melon breeding. Genome-wide association studies for 16 agronomic traits identified 208 loci significantly associated with fruit mass, quality and morphological characters. This study sheds light on the domestication history of melon and provides a valuable resource for genomics-assisted breeding of this important crop., This work was supported by funding from the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (to Yongyang Xu, S.H., Z.Z. and H.W.), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-25 to Yongyang Xu and H.W.), the Leading Talents of Guangdong Province Program (00201515 to S.H.), the Shenzhen Municipal (The Peacock Plan KQTD2016113010482651 to S.H.), the Dapeng district government, National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772304 to Z.Z.), the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong (2018B020202007 to S.H.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31530066 to S.H.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0101007 to S.H.), USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative (2015-51181-24285 to Z.F.), the European Research Council (ERC-SEXYPARTH to A.B.), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (AGL2015–64625-C2-1-R to J.G.-M.), Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D 2016–2010 (SEV-2015–0533 to J.G.-M.), the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya to J.G.-M. and the German Science Foundation (SPP1991 Taxon-OMICS to H.S.).

Published
2019

8. Can we save a marine species affected by a highly infective, highly lethal, waterborne disease from extinction?

Author

Claire Peyran, M. Guimerans, Salud Deudero, J. Bernal, Francisca Gimenez-Casalduero, José Tena, Aurelio Ortega, E. Nebot-Colomer, Jesús M. Torres, Amalia Grau, M. López-Sanmartín, Jordi Sánchez, Santiago Jiménez, J.L. Crespo, Andres Izquierdo, José María Valencia, Serge Planes, Diego Moreno, Javier Navas, Diego K. Kersting, T. Morage, S. Henandis, M. Pérez, Gaetano Catanese, Neus Sanmartí, Nardo Vicente, Maite Vázquez-Luis, Elvira Álvarez, Agustín Barrajón, José Rafael García-March, D. López, Iris E. Hendriks, Patricia Prado, C. Téllez, Producció Animal, Aigües Marines i Continentals, Universidad Catolica de Valencia (UCV), University of Sassari, Centro de Investigación Marina de Santa Pola (CIMAR), Ayto. de Santa Pola y Universidad de Alicante, IRTA-Aquatic Ecosystems, I.F.A.P.A. Centro 'Agua del Pino', Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca, AUTRES, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Málaga., Biologie et écologie tropicale et méditerranéenne [2007-2010] (BETM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Freie Universität Berlin, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Agencia del Medio Ambiente y Agua de Andalucía, Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Girona Biomedical Research Institute, Josep Trueta University Hospital, Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Barcelona, Fundación Oceanográfic de la Comunitat Valenciana [Spain], Junta de Andalucia, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Universidad Catolica de Valencia, Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aquatic Ecosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Biología Marina, Ministerio de Transición Ecológica (España), Fondation Prince Albert II de Monaco, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Sentinel species, Population, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pinna nobilis, Mass mortality, Haplosporidium pinnae, medicine, Zoología, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Keystone species, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, education.field_of_study, Extinction, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Global warming, Waterborne diseases, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Parasite, Mediterranean endemism, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Protozoan, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

Anthropogenic drivers and global warming are altering the occurrence of infectious marine diseases, some of which produce mass mortalities with considerable ecosystemic and economic costs. The Mediterranean Sea is considered a laboratory to examine global processes, and the fan mussel Pinna nobilis a sentinel species within it. Since September 2016, fan mussels suffer a die-off, very likely provoked by the protozoan Haplosporidium pinnae. Population dynamic surveys, rescue programmes, larvae collector installation and protection of infected adults from predators, have increased knowledge about the factors conditioning the spread of the die-off; previous model simulations indicate that water temperature and salinity seem to be related to the manifestation of the disease, which at the end are strongly influenced by climate change and anthropogenic actions. The absence of natural recruitment implies that fan mussel populations are not recovering, but the survival of populations living in paralic environments provides an opportunity to study the disease and its conditioning factors. The fan mussel disease outbreak provides a case example for how climate change may mediate host-protozoan dynamics and poses several questions: are we witnessing the potential extinction of a sentinel species? Can we avoid it by applying active measures? If so, which measures will be more effective? How many other more overlooked species might experience a massive and unnoticed die-off before it is too late to implement any preservation action? This is especially relevant because the loss of keystone species can drive to community effects that influence marine ecosystem processes., This research was partially funded by the Spanish Ministry for the Ecological Transition, project 28-5310 “Rescate de 215 ejemplares de nacra (Pinna nobilis) y su mantenimiento en 5 centros especializados en el marco del Proyecto UFE IP-PAF INTEMARES (LIFE15 IPE ES 012)”, “Gestión integrada, innovadora y participativa de la Red Natura 2000 en el medio marino español” as well as those agreements and contracts with the participating entities (IFAPA, IRTA, IEO) derived from this project, and by the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation to project BF/HEM 15-1662, “The study, protection and possible breeding of pen shell (Pinna nobilis) in the Boka Kotorska Bay”. Maite Vázquez-Luis was supported by the postdoctoral contract, Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación (IJCI-2016-29329) of Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades. G. Catanese was supported by a research contract from the INIA-CCAA (DOC INIA 8/2013) MINECO programme. The M. López-Sanmartín contract is co-financed by the State Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013–2016, MINECO, ref. PTA215-11709-I.

Published
2020

9. The potential of High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) of natural samples as a source of primary taxonomic information for reference libraries of diatom barcodes

Author

Martyn Kelly, Wolf-Henning Kusber, Rosa Trobajo, Nélida Abarca, André Piuz, Regine Jahn, David G. Mann, Valentin Vasselon, Maria Kahlert, Kálmán Tapolczai, François Keck, Jonas Zimmermann, Frédéric Rimet, Agnès Bouchez, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Free University of Berlin (FU), Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Bowburn Consultancy, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Museum Histoire naturelle, Aquatic Ecosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Agence francaise pour la biodiversite, DNAqua-Net (European Cost Action) CA15219, Producció Animal, and Aigües Marines i Continentals

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, ecosystem assessment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, Computational biology, Barcode, 01 natural sciences, DNA barcoding, DNA sequencing, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, bacillariophyta, water framework directive, pollution, data traceability, algae, biology, Phylogenetic tree, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, biology.organism_classification, Stop codon, 030104 developmental biology, Taxon, Diatom, biomonitoring, metabarcoding, Identification (biology), eDNA
Abstract

Diatoms are used routinely to assess pollution level in rivers and lakes. Current methods are based on identification by light microscopy, which is laborious. An alternative is to identify species based on short DNA fragments and High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS). However a potential limitation is the incomplete coverage of species in reference barcode libraries. Usually these libraries are compiled by isolating cells, before culturing and sequencing them, which is tedious and often unsuccessful. Here we propose the use of rbcL sequences from environmental samples analysed by HTS. We set several criteria to ensure good sequence quality and correspondence with the target species observed in microscopy: the sequence needed to be abundant in the sample, and with no insertions nor deletions or stop codon, phylogenetic neighbour taxa had to correspond to neighbour taxonomic taxa expected from morphological observations. Four species from tropical rivers are given as examples, including one that is new to science. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2018

10. Avoiding quantification bias in metabarcoding: Application of a cell biovolume correction factor in diatom molecular biomonitoring

Author

Méline Corniquel, Kálmán Tapolczai, Frédéric Rimet, Stéphan Jacquet, Isabelle Domaizon, Valentin Vasselon, Rosa Trobajo, Agnès Bouchez, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Producció Animal, Aigües Marines i Continentals, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Aquatic Ecosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, and Agence Francaise pour la Biodiversite (AFB)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, 574 - Ecologia general i biodiversitat, Biology, gene copy number variation, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, freshwater ecosystem, 03 medical and health sciences, quantitative metabarcoding, Biomonitoring, biovolume correction factor, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecological Modeling, fungi, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 030104 developmental biology, Diatom, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, benthic diatom, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Benthic diatom
Abstract

International audience; 1. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in developing environmental DNA metabarcoding. However, its ability to quantify species relative abundance remains uncertain, limiting its application for biomonitoring. In diatoms, although the rbcL gene appears to be a suitable barcode for diatoms, providing relevant qualitative data to describe taxonomic composition, improvement of species quantifica-tion is still required. 2. Here, we hypothesized that rbcL copy number is correlated with diatom cell biovol-ume (as previously described for the 18S gene) and that a correction factor (CF) based on cell biovolume should be applied to improve taxa quantification. We carried out a laboratory experiment using pure cultures of eight diatom species with contrasted cell biovolumes in order to (1) verify the relationship between rbcL copy numbers (estimated by qPCR) and diatom cell biovolumes and (2) define a potential CF. In order to evaluate CF efficiency, five mock communities were created by mixing different amounts of DNA from the eight species, and were sequenced using HTS and targeting the same rbcL barcode. 3. As expected, the correction of DNA reads proportions by the CF improved the congruence between morphological and molecular inventories. Final validation of the CF was obtained on environmental samples (metabarcoding data from 80 ben-thic biofilms) for which the application of CF allowed differences between molecular and morphological water quality indices to be reduced by 47%. 4. Overall, our results highlight the usefulness of applying a CF factor, which is effective in reducing over-estimation of high biovolume species, correcting quantitative biases in diatom metabarcoding studies and improving final water quality assessment. K E Y W O R D S benthic diatom, biovolume correction factor, freshwater ecosystems, gene copy number variation, quantitative metabarcoding

Published
2017

11. Report of the Special Committee on Registration of Algal and Plant Names (including fossils)

Author

Willem F. Prud'homme van Reine, Xian-Chun Zhang, Hidetoshi Nagamasu, Jiřina Dašková, Jiří Kvaček, Peter F. Stevens, Richard C. K. Chung, Hugh F. Glen, Michelle J. Price, Ali A. Dönmez, Gideon F. Smith, Niels Klazenga, Valéry Malécot, Kanchi N. Gandhi, Liliana Katinas, Wolf-Henning Kusber, Craig W. Schneider, Dmitry V. Geltman, Paul M. Kirk, Alan Paton, Mark F. Watson, Stefan Dressler, Alexander N. Sennikov, Alexander B. Doweld, Zhu-Liang Yang, Irina V. Belyaeva, Fred R. Barrie, David J. Patterson, Nicky Nicolson, Mary E. Barkworth, Werner Greuter, Karol Marhold, Regine Jahn, Martin J. Head, Gerrit Davidse, Malapati K. Janarthanam, David G. Mann, Christina Flann, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Intermountain Herbarium, Utah State University (USU), Herbarium, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Missouri Botanical Garden, Herbarium, Botany Department, Department of Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Science Directorate, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, The Herbarium, Forest Biodiversity Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Department of Palaeontology, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-The Natural History Museum (NHM), Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, University of South Bohemia, Gaertnerian Institution, National Institute of Carpology, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Herbarium Senckenbergianum, Naturmuseum, Species 2000, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Herbaria, Harvard University [Cambridge], Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Box 1781, Orto botanico di Palermo, Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Free University of Berlin (FU), Department of Earth Sciences [St. Catharines], Brock University [Canada], Department of Botany, Goa University, División Plantas Vasculares [La Plata], Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo [La Plata] (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Aquatic Ecosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Institute of Botany, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Biodiversity Informatics, School of Biological Sciences [Sydney], The University of Sydney, Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève, Department of Biology, Trinity College (TCD), Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute, the Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow, Russia] (RAS), Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, University of Coimbra, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Kunming Institute of Botany [CAS] (KIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), The National Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Registration, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Library science, Plant Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Botanical nomenclature, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], registration, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Nomenclature, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Code, 15. Life on land, International Botanical Congress, International code, ddc:580, Nomenclature Section, Mandate, Plant names registration
Abstract

The Special Committee on Registration of Algal and Plant Names (including fossils) was established at the XVIII International Botanical Congress (IBC) in Melbourne in 2011, its mandate being to consider what would be involved in registering algal and plant names (including fossils), using a procedure analogous to that for fungal names agreed upon in Melbourne and included as Art. 42 in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Because experience with voluntary registration was key to persuading mycologists of the advantages of mandatory registration, we began by asking institutions with a history of nomenclatural indexing to develop mechanisms that would permit registration. The task proved more difficult than anticipated, but considerable progress has been made, as is described in this report. It also became evident that the Nomenclature Section needs a structure that will allow ongoing discussion of registration and associated issues. Simultaneously with this report we are submitting four proposals that would provide such a structure. Fil: Barkworth, Mary E.. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Watson, Mark. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Barrie, Fred R.. Field Museum of National History; Estados Unidos Fil: Belyaeva, Irina V.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Chung, Richard C. K.. Forest Research Institute Malaysia; Malasia Fil: Dašková, Jiřina. National Museum; República Checa Fil: Davidse, Gerrit. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos Fil: Dönmez, Ali A.. Hacettepe Üniversitesi; Turquía Fil: Alexander B. Doweld. National Institute of Carpology; Rusia Fil: Dressler, Stefan. Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum; Alemania Fil: Flann, Christina. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos Fil: Gandhi, Kanchi. Harvard University; Estados Unidos Fil: Geltman, Dmitry. Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Rusia Fil: Glen, Hugh F.. Forest Hills; Sudáfrica Fil: Greuter, Werner. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Head, Martin J.. Brock University; Canadá Fil: Jahn, Regine. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Janarthanam, Malapati K.. Goa University; India Fil: Katinas, Liliana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Plantas Vasculares; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Kirk, Paul M.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Klazenga, Niels. Royal Botanic Gardens; Australia Fil: Kusber, Wolf Henning. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Kvaček, Jiří. National Museum; República Checa Fil: Malécot, Valéry. Université d’Angers; Francia Fil: Mann, David G.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido. Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology; España Fil: Marhold, Karol. Charles University; República Checa Fil: Nagamasu, Hidetoshi. Kyoto University; Japón Fil: Nicolson, Nicky. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Paton, Alan. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Patterson, David J.. University of Sydney; Australia Fil: Price, Michelle J.. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève; Italia Fil: Prud'homme van Reine, Willem F.. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos Fil: Schneider, Craig W.. Trinity College; Estados Unidos Fil: Sennikov, Alexander. University of Helsinski; Finlandia Fil: Smith, Gideon F.. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; Sudáfrica Fil: Stevens, Peter F.. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos. University of Missouri-St; Estados Unidos Fil: Yang, Zhu-Liang. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China Fil: Zhang, Xian-Chun. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China Fil: Zuccarello, Giuseppe C.. Victoria University of Wellington; Nueva Zelanda

Published
2016

12. The Effects of Weaning Methods on Gut Microbiota Composition and Horse Physiology

Author

Aline Foury, Philippe Gérard, Léa Lansade, Maria Ballester, Fabrice Reigner, Guillaume Sallé, Diane Esquerre, Julie Rivière, Núria Mach, Sandra Kittelmann, Marie-Pierre Moisan, Marco Moroldo, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Saclay, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeur0), Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, UR Infectiologie animale et Santé publique (UR IASP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal - Institut de Recerca, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire (LGC), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Producció Animal, Genètica i Millora Animal, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonds Eperon, Institut Francais du Cheval et de PEquitation, Association du Cheval Arabe, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, food.ingredient, horse, gut microbia, maternal separation, stress, weaning, 040301 veterinary sciences, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gut flora, medicine.disease_cause, digestive system, lcsh:Physiology, Coprococcus, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Physiology (medical), Prevotella, medicine, Weaning, Eubacterium, Original Research, 2. Zero hunger, gut microbiota, lcsh:QP1-981, biology, Streptococcus, Ruminococcus, Horse, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology
Abstract

Weaning has been described as one of the most stressful events in the life of horses. Given the importance of the interaction between the gut-brain axis and gut microbiota under stress, we evaluated (i) the effect of two different weaning methods on the composition of gut microbiota across time and (ii) how the shifts of gut microbiota composition after weaning affect the host. A total of 34 foals were randomly subjected to a progressive (P) or an abrupt (A) weaning method. In the P method, mares were separated from foals at progressively increasing intervals every day, starting from five min during the fourth week prior to weaning and ending with 6 h during the last week before weaning. In the A method, mares and foals were never separated prior to weaning (0 d). Different host phenotypes and gut microbiota composition were studied across 6 age strata (days −30, 0, 3, 5, 7, and 30 after weaning) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results revealed that the beneficial species belonging to Prevotella, Paraprevotella, and Ruminococcus were more abundant in the A group prior to weaning compared to the P group, suggesting that the gut microbiota in the A cohort was better adapted to weaning. Streptococcus, on the other hand, showed the opposite pattern after weaning. Fungal loads, which are thought to increase the capacity for fermenting the complex polysaccharides from diet, were higher in P relative to A. Beyond the effects of weaning methods, maternal separation at weaning markedly shifted the composition of the gut microbiota in all foals, which fell into three distinct community types at 3 days post-weaning. Most genera in community type 2 (i.e., Eubacterium, Coprococcus, Clostridium XI, and Blautia spp.) were negatively correlated with salivary cortisol levels, but positively correlated with telomere length and N-butyrate production. Average daily gain was also greater in the foals harboring a community type 2 microbiota. Therefore, community type 2 is likely to cnfer better stress response adaptation following weaning. This study identified potential microbial biomarkers that could predict the likelihood for physiological adaptations to weaning in horses, although causality remains to be addressed. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2017

13. Dielectric properties of milk during ultra-heat treatment

Author

Xavier Felipe, Pere Gou, Antoni Barlabe, Israel Muñoz, Pierre Picouet, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Food Processing and Engineering, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Groupe de Recherche en Agroalimentaire sur les Produits et les Procédés (GRAPPE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Université Bretagne Loire (COMUE) (UBL), Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), CERCA programme from Generalitat de Catalunya, European Project: 613732,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,ENTHALPY(2013), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. RF&MW - Grup de Recerca de sistemes, dispositius i materials de RF i microones, and Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA)

Subjects
Materials science, Salt content, Milk hygiene, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Assaigs de materials, Analytical chemistry, 663/664 - Aliments i nutrició. Enologia. Olis. Greixos, Dielectric, Llet -- Higiene, Dielèctrics, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Cow milk, dielectric heating, Física::Termodinàmica::Altes temperatures [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Dielectric heating, Ionic conductivity, Penetration depth, Dielectrics--Spectra, UHT, Ultra-high-temperature processing, milk, Dielectric loss factor, ash content, Materials--Electric properties, Llet -- Tractament, food and beverages, Ash content, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Materials -- Propietats elèctriques, 040401 food science, Enginyeria agroalimentària::Indústries agroalimentàries::Indústria de la llet [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Milk, dielectric properties, Materials--Testing, Dielectric properties, Milk--Cooling, Food Science
Abstract

Dielectric properties are important for predicting dielectric heating of foodstuffs. The dielectric properties of three types of milk (raw, skimmed and concentrated non-fat) were analyzed at high frequencies between 10 MHz and 2450 MHz for producing temperatures between 20 °C and 150 °C. The study of cow milk dielectric constants (ε′ and ε″) at conditions above 100 °C is needed to evaluate dielectric sterilization of milk. The dielectric constant (ε′) was found to decrease with frequency at all temperatures but increase with temperature at low frequencies and decrease with temperature at high frequencies. The dielectric loss factor (ε″) decreased with frequency and increased with temperature in almost the entire range of frequencies. Ionic conduction was the dominant mechanism across most of the frequency range. For milk samples with higher ash content (related to salt content), ε′ was higher at low frequencies and lower at high frequencies, whereas ε″ was higher for all frequencies. Penetration depth was lower for milk samples with higher ash content. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Published
2017

14. A mutation in the melon Vacuolar Protein Sorting 41prevents systemic infection of Cucumber mosaic virus

Author

Belén Picó, Laura Pascual, Christelle Troadec, Ana Montserrat Martín-Hernández, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Michael Bourgeois, Ana Giner, Jordi Garcia-Mas, Pablo Ríos, Gabor Gyetvai, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Unidad de Genética, Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Klein Wanzlebener Saatzucht (KWS SAAT AG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Program Saclay Plant Sciences (SPS, ANR-10-LABX-40) and the European Research Council (ERC-SEXYPARTH). This work was supported by grants AGL2009-12698-C02-01 and AGL2012-40130-C02-01 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish Ministry of Econom and Competitiveness, through the 'Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D' 2016-2019 (SEV‐2015‐0533)' and the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya, KWS SAAT SE & Co.KGaA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Producció Vegetal, Genòmica i Biotecnologia, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), and Martin-hernandez, Ana Montserrat

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, TILLING, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutant, Protein trafficking, Hops, lcsh:Medicine, Transport, Biology, Secretory pathway, Genes, Plant, Cucumovirus, Recessive resistance, Gene, Virus, Article, Tethering complexes, Cucumber mosaic virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Plant-Viruses, Plant virus, Sequence, Movement protein, lcsh:Science, Biotic, Disease Resistance, Plant Diseases, Vacuolar protein sorting, Multidisciplinary, lcsh:R, Chromosome Mapping, Computational Biology, food and beverages, Virology, 3. Good health, Cucurbitaceae, GENETICA, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Mutation, lcsh:Q, Movement Protein
Abstract

In the melon exotic accession PI 161375, the gene cmv1, confers recessive resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strains of subgroup II. cmv1 prevents the systemic infection by restricting the virus to the bundle sheath cells and impeding viral loading to the phloem. Here we report the fine mapping and cloning of cmv1. Screening of an F2 population reduced the cmv1 region to a 132 Kb interval that includes a Vacuolar Protein Sorting 41 gene. CmVPS41 is conserved among plants, animals and yeast and is required for post-Golgi vesicle trafficking towards the vacuole. We have validated CmVPS41 as the gene responsible for the resistance, both by generating CMV susceptible transgenic melon plants, expressing the susceptible allele in the resistant cultivar and by characterizing CmVPS41 TILLING mutants with reduced susceptibility to CMV. Finally, a core collection of 52 melon accessions allowed us to identify a single amino acid substitution (L348R) as the only polymorphism associated with the resistant phenotype. CmVPS41 is the first natural recessive resistance gene found to be involved in viral transport and its cellular function suggests that CMV might use CmVPS41 for its own transport towards the phloem., The TILLING platform is supported by the Program Saclay Plant Sciences (SPS, ANR-10-LABX-40) and the European Research Council (ERC-SEXYPARTH). This work was supported by grants AGL2009-12698-C02-01 and AGL2012-40130-C02-01 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish Ministry of Econom and Competitiveness, through the “Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D” 2016-2019 (SEV‐2015‐0533)” and the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.

Published
2017

15. Integration of liver gene co-expression networks and eGWAs analyses highlighted candidate regulators implicated in lipid metabolism in pigs

Author

Maria Ballester, Jordi Corominas, Ana Isabel Fernández, Manuel Revilla, Anna Castelló, Jordi Estellé, Josep María Folch, Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Producció Animal, Genètica i Millora Animal, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Centre IRTA-Lleida, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, European Project: 609398,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,AGREENSKILLSPLUS(2014), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), and Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA)

Subjects
Male, EXPRESSION, PSEUDOKINASES, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene regulatory network, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome, Article, FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION, PATHWAY, PORCINE, 03 medical and health sciences, MEAT QUALITY TRAITS, TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS, GENOME, ASSOCIATION, MUSCLE, Gene expression, Animals, Gene Regulatory Networks, Gene, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, 0402 animal and dairy science, Lipid metabolism, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Lipid Metabolism, 040201 dairy & animal science, Gene expression profiling, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Liver, Nuclear receptor, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

In the present study, liver co-expression networks and expression Genome Wide Association Study (eGWAS) were performed to identify DNA variants and molecular pathways implicated in the functional regulatory mechanisms of meat quality traits in pigs. With this purpose, the liver mRNA expression of 44 candidates genes related with lipid metabolism was analysed in 111 Iberian x Landrace backcross animals. The eGWAS identified 92 eSNPs located in seven chromosomal regions and associated with eight genes: CROT, CYP2U1, DGAT1, EGF, FABP1, FABP5, PLA2G12A, and PPARA. Remarkably, cis-eSNPs associated with FABP1 gene expression which may be determining the C18:2(n-6)/C18:3(n-3) ratio in backfat through the multiple interaction of DNA variants and genes were identified. Furthermore, a hotspot on SSC8 associated with the gene expression of eight genes was identified and the TBCK gene was pointed out as candidate gene regulating it. Our results also suggested that the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway plays an important role in the control of the analysed genes highlighting nuclear receptors as the NR3C1 or PPARA. Finally, sex-dimorphism associated with hepatic lipid metabolism was identified with over-representation of female-biased genes. These results increase our knowledge of the genetic architecture underlying fat composition traits., This work was funded by MINECO AGL2011-29821-C02 and AGL2014-56369-C2 grants. M. Ballester is financially supported by a Ramon y Cajal contract (RYC-2013-12573) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. J. Corominas was funded by a FPI PhD grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education (BES-2009-081223). M. Revilla was funded by a Formació i Contractació de Personal Investigador Novell (FI-DGR) PhD grant from Generalitat de Catalunya (ECO/1639/2013).

Published
2017

16. QTL analyses in multiple populations employed for the fine mapping and identification of candidate genes at a locus affecting sugar accumulation in melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Author

Jason M. Argyris, Aurora Díaz, Valentino Ruggieri, Marta Fernández, Torben Jahrmann, Yves Gibon, Belén Picó, Ana M. Martín-Hernández, Antonio J. Monforte, Jordi Garcia-Mas, Producció Vegetal, Genòmica i Biotecnologia, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Semillas Fitó S.A., Partenaires INRAE, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Sucrose, Melon, QTL, BEL1-like, NILs, candidate genes, fine-mapping, melon, sucrose, sugar, Locus (genetics), Plant Science, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, Candidate genes, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, Sugar, Gene, Original Research, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Vegetal Biology, Fine-mapping, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, GENETICA, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cucumis, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

[EN] Sugar content is the major determinant of both fruit quality and consumer acceptance in melon (Cucumis melo L), and is a primary target for crop improvement. Nearisogenic lines (NILs) derived from the intraspecific cross between a "Piel de Sapo" (PS) type and the exotic cultivar "Songwhan Charmi" (SC), and several populations generated from the cross of PS x Ames 24294 ("Trigonus"), a wild melon, were used to identify QTL related to sugar and organic acid composition. Seventy-eight QTL were detected across several locations and different years, with three important clusters related to sugar content located on chromosomes 4, 5, and 7. Two PS x SC NILs (SC5-1 and SC5-2) sharing a common genomic interval of 1.7Mb at the top of chromosome 5 contained QTL reducing soluble solids content (SSC) and sucrose content by an average of 29 and 68%, respectively. This cluster collocated with QTL affecting sugar content identified in other studies in lines developed from the PS x SC cross and supported the presence of a stable consensus locus involved in sugar accumulation that we named SUCQSC5.1. QTL reducing soluble solids and sucrose content identified in the "Trigonus" mapping populations, as well as QTL identified in previous studies from other ssp. agrestis sources, collocated with SUCQSC5.1, suggesting that they may be allelic and implying a role in domestication. In subNILs derived from the PS x SC5-1 cross, SUCQSC5.1 reduced SSC and sucrose content by an average of 18 and 34%, respectively, and was fine-mapped to a 56.1 kb interval containing four genes. Expression analysis of the candidate genes in mature fruit showed differences between the subNILs with PS alleles that were "high" sugar and SC alleles of "low" sugar phenotypes for MELO3C014519, encoding a putative BEL1-like homeodomain protein. Sequence differences in the gene predicted to affect protein function were restricted to SC and other ssp. agrestis cultivar groups. These results provide the basis for further investigation of genes affecting sugar accumulation in melon., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity grants AGL2015-64625-C2-1-R and PIM2010PKB-00691, Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2016-2020 and the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya to JG, AGL2015-64625-C2-R to AJM. AD was supported by a Jae-Doc contract from CSIC.

Published
2017

17. Role of inbreeding depression, non-inbred dominance deviations and random year-season effect in genetic trends for prolificacy in closed rabbit lines

Author

R. Martínez, Andres Legarra, Manuel Baselga, Juan Sánchez, E.N. Fernández, Catedra Mejora & Conservac Recursos Genet, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Inst Invest Prod Agr Ambiente & Salud, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], rabbit, Model fitting, inbreeding, Best linear unbiased prediction, Biology, dominance, prolificacy, 03 medical and health sciences, Food Animals, Statistics, Inbreeding depression, Animals, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Selection, Genetic, Dominance (genetics), Genes, Dominant, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Inbreeding Depression, Models, Statistical, Models, Genetic, Ecology, Confounding, 0402 animal and dairy science, Genetic Variation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Collinearity, Fixed effects model, 040201 dairy & animal science, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Fertility, Phenotype, Animal Science and Zoology, Rabbits, Seasons, genetic response, Inbreeding, random contemporary group
Abstract

International audience; In closed rabbit lines selected for prolificacy at the Polytechnic University of Valencia, genetic responses are predicted using BLUP. With a standard additive BLUP model and year-season (YS) effects fitted as fixed, genetic trends were overestimated compared to responses estimated using control populations obtained from frozen embryos. In these lines, there is a confounding between genetic trend, YS effects and inbreeding, and the role of dominance is uncertain. This is a common situation in data from reproductively closed selection lines. This paper fits different genetic evaluation models to data of these lines, aiming to identify the source of these biases: dominance, inbreeding depression and/or an ill-conditioned model due to the strong collinearity between YS, inbreeding and genetic trend. The study involved three maternal lines (A, V and H) and analysed two traits, total born (TB) and the number of kits at weaning (NW). Models fitting YS effect as fixed or random were implemented, in addition to additive genetic, permanent environment effects and non-inbred dominance deviations effects. When YS was fitted as a fixed effect, the genetic trends were overestimated compared to control populations, inbreeding had an apparent positive effect on litter size and the environmental trends were negative. When YS was fitted as random, the genetic trends were compatible with control populations results, inbreeding had a negative effect (lower prolificacy) and environmental trends were flat. The model fitting random YS, inbreeding and non-inbred dominance deviations yielded the following ratios of additive and dominance variances to total variance for NW: 0.06 and 0.01 for line A, 0.06 and 0.00 for line V and 0.01 and 0.08 for line H. Except for line H, dominance deviations seem to be of low relevance. When it is confounded with inbreeding as in these lines, fitting YS effect as random allows correct estimation of genetic trends.

Published
2017

18. Classical Genetics and Breeding

Author

Ignasi Batlle, Federico Dicenta, Company, Rafel Socias I., Gradziel, Thomas M., Michelle Wirthensohn, henri Duval, Vargas, Francisco J., Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA), Dept Plant Sci, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], University of Adelaide, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

19. Pedigree-based estimation of covariance between dominance deviations and additive genetic effects in closed rabbit lines considering inbreeding and using a computationally simpler equivalent model

Author

Juan Sánchez, Andres Legarra, Manuel Baselga, E.N. Fernández, R. Martínez, Catedra Mejora & Conservac Recursos Genet, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Inst Invest Prod Agr Ambiente & Salud, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, pig, sheep, Restricted maximum likelihood, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Population Dynamics, rabbit, inbreeding, selection, Biology, heritability, dominance, prolificacy, genetic parameter, genomic, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Food Animals, Statistics, Additive genetic effects, Animals, Computer Simulation, education, Genes, Dominant, Genetics, education.field_of_study, Models, Genetic, 0402 animal and dairy science, Linear model, Computational Biology, Genetic Variation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Heritability, Covariance, 040201 dairy & animal science, Pedigree, 030104 developmental biology, symbols, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, Rabbits, Inbreeding, Gibbs sampling
Abstract

Inbreeding generates covariances between additive and dominance effects (breeding values and dominance deviations). In this work, we developed and applied models for estimation of dominance and additive genetic variances and their covariance, a model that we call "full dominance," from pedigree and phenotypic data. Estimates with this model such as presented here are very scarce both in livestock and in wild genetics. First, we estimated pedigree-based condensed probabilities of identity using recursion. Second, we developed an equivalent linear model in which variance components can be estimated using closed-form algorithms such as REML or Gibbs sampling and existing software. Third, we present a new method to refer the estimated variance components to meaningful parameters in a particular population, i.e., final partially inbred generations as opposed to outbred base populations. We applied these developments to three closed rabbit lines (A, V and H) selected for number of weaned at the Polytechnic University of Valencia. Pedigree and phenotypes are complete and span 43, 39 and 14 generations, respectively. Estimates of broad-sense heritability are 0.07, 0.07 and 0.05 at the base versus 0.07, 0.07 and 0.09 in the final generations. Narrow-sense heritability estimates are 0.06, 0.06 and 0.02 at the base versus 0.04, 0.04 and 0.01 at the final generations. There is also a reduction in the genotypic variance due to the negative additive-dominance correlation. Thus, the contribution of dominance variation is fairly large and increases with inbreeding and (over)compensates for the loss in additive variation. In addition, estimates of the additive-dominance correlation are -0.37, -0.31 and 0.00, in agreement with the few published estimates and theoretical considerations.

Published
2017

20. Development and evaluation of the Axiom® IStraw35 384HT array for the allo-octoploid cultivated strawberry Fragaria ×ananassa

Author

Béatrice Denoyes, E. van de Weg, Nahla V. Bassil, Steven J. Knapp, Richard J. Harrison, J.M. Hidalgo, Iraida Amaya, Sujeet Verma, Lise L. Mahoney, Vance M. Whitaker, Zhen Fan, Amparo Monfort, Thomas M. Davis, University of Florida [Gainesville], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), East Malling Research, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, IFAPA-Centro de Churriana, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Genotyping, Breeding program, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Horticulture, Biology, Breeding, IStraw90, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, PBR Biodiversiteit en Genetische Variatie, physiologie végétale, plante fruitière, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), fragaria x ananassa, Snp markers, Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), SNP, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, business.industry, Fragaria, PE&RC, Biotechnology, 030104 developmental biology, orchard crops, genotyping, breeding, Quality check, Lower cost, EPS, business, PBR Biodiversity and genetic variation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

UMR 1332 - Equipe OrFE; The Axiom® IStraw90 SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) array was developed to enable high-throughput genotyping in allo-octoploid cultivated strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa). However, high cost ($ 80-105 sample-1) limits throughput for certain applications. On average the IStraw90 has yielded 50 to 60% usable data points, defined as PHR (Poly High Resolution) and NMH (No Minor Homozygote) marker classes. Thus, an array is needed with a higher percentage of usable data points at a lower cost. We initiated an effort to identify IStraw90 SNP markers that were genetically mapped in one or more strawberry populations from research programs around the world. Seven programs participated in this endeavor. A total of 41,183 SNP probes were submitted to Affymetrix for quality check, 38,506 of which were accommodated on the Axiom® IStraw35 384HT design. In order to assess the performance of the Axiom® IStraw35 384HT array, 384 DNA samples from the University of Florida strawberry breeding program were assayed at a cost of $ 50 per sample, all inclusive. The performance of the array met expectations. More than 87% of markers belonged to the PHR and NMH categories. This array is expected to provide high-quality genome scanning at a more affordable price for strawberry researchers worldwide.

Published
2016

21. Proposals to provide for registration of new names and nomenclatural acts (276-279)

Author

Barkworth, Mary E., Watson, Mark, Barrie, Fred R., Belyaeva, Irina V., Chung, Richard C. K., Daskova, Jirina, Davidse, Gerrit, Donmez, Ali A., Doweld, Alexander B., Dressler, Stefan, Flann, Christina, Gandhi, Kanchi, Geltman, Dmitry, Glen, Hugh F., Greuter, Werner, Head, Martin J., Jahn, Regine, Janarthanam, Malapati K., Katinas, Liliana, Kirk, Paul M., Klazenga, Niels, Kusber, Wolf-Henning, Kvacek, Jiri, Malécot, Valéry, Mann, David G., Marhold, Karol, Nagamasu, Hidetoshi, Nicolson, Nicky, Paton, Alan, Patterson, David J., Price, Michelle J., van Reine, Willem F. Prud'homme, Schneider, Craig W., Sennikov, Alexander, Smith, Gideon F., Stevens, Peter F., Yang, Zhu-Liang, Zhang, Xian-Chun, Zuccarello, Giuseppe C., Intermountain Herbarium, Utah State University (USU), Herbarium, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Missouri Botanical Garden, Herbarium, Botany Department, Department of Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Herbarium, Science Directorate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Forest Biodiversity Division, Herbarium, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Department of Palaeontology, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-The Natural History Museum (NHM), Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, University of South Bohemia, Gaertnerian Institution, National Institute of Carpology, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Herbarium Senckenbergianum, Species 2000, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Herbaria, Harvard University [Cambridge], Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Box 1781, Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Free University of Berlin (FU), Orto botanico di Palermo, Department of Earth Sciences [St. Catharines], Brock University [Canada], Department of Botany, Goa University, División Plantas Vasculares [La Plata], Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo [La Plata] (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Aquatic Ecosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Institute of Botany, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University. Ismailia. Egypt, The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Biodiversity Informatics, School of Biological Sciences [Sydney], The University of Sydney, Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève, Netherland Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Department of Biology, Trinity College (TCD), Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute, the Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow, Russia] (RAS), Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, University of Coimbra, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Kunming Institute of Botany [CAS] (KIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), The National Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), School of Biological Sciences [Clayton], Monash University [Clayton], and Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

The Melbourne Congress of 2011 authorized a Special Committeeon Registration of Algal and Plant Names (including fossils), whichwas established the following year (Wilson in Taxon 61: 878–879.2012). Its explicit mandate was “to consider what would be involved inregistering algal and plant names (including fossils), using a procedureanalogous to that for fungal names agreed upon in Melbourne andincluded in the Code as Art. 42”, but expectations at the NomenclatureSection in Melbourne went farther than that. There was the hope thatregistration systems for at least some of the main groups would soonbe set up, to be used and tested on a voluntary basis and, if found tobe generally accepted, would persuade the subsequent Congress inShenzhen, in 2017, to declare registration of new names an additionalrequirement for valid publication.

Published
2016

22. Systems biology approach provides novel insights into gene networks controlling tenderness and meat quality traits across French beef breeds

Author

RAMAYO CALDAS, Yuliaxis, Renand, Gilles, Ballester, Maria, Saintilan, Romain, Rocha, Dominique, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, European Project: 609398,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,AGREENSKILLSPLUS(2014), and Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages
Abstract

Systems biology approach provides novel insights into gene networks controlling tenderness and meat quality traits across French beef breeds. 35. Conference of the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG)

Published
2016

23. Culicoides Midge Bites Modulate the Host Response and Impact on Bluetongue Virus Infection in Sheep

Author

Cristina Lorca-Oró, Nonito Pagès, Stéphan Zientara, Bernard Charley, Céline Urien, Cyril Viarouge, Luc Jouneau, Emmanuel Bréard, Joan Pujols, Albert Bensaid, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil, David Solanes, Sandra Talavera, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal CReSA, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Virologie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)

Subjects
Vaccine evaluation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, bluetongue virusculicoidesinfection in sheep, Ceratopogonidae, Body Temperature, Bites and Stings, lcsh:Science, 2. Zero hunger, Infectivity, Multidisciplinary, biology, Transmission (medicine), Viral Load, Culicoides, Innate Immunity, 3. Good health, Host-Pathogen Interaction, Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Diseases, Needles, Medicine, Viral load, Research Article, bluetongue virus culicoides infection in sheep, Llengua blava, Immunology, Viremia, Bluetongue, Microbiology, Virus, Cell Line, Host-Parasite Interactions, Virology, medicine, Animals, Biology, Immunity to Infections, Inflammation, Blood Cells, Sheep, lcsh:R, Immunity, Vectors and Hosts, Veterinary Virology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Immunity, Humoral, Gene Expression Regulation, Midge, Veterinary Science, lcsh:Q, Interferons, Bluetongue virus, Viral Transmission and Infection
Abstract

Many haematophagous insects produce factors that help their blood meal and coincidently favor pathogen transmission. However nothing is known about the ability of Culicoides midges to interfere with the infectivity of the viruses they transmit. Among these, Bluetongue Virus (BTV) induces a hemorrhagic fever- type disease and its recent emergence in Europe had a major economical impact. We observed that needle inoculation of BTV8 in the site of uninfected C. nubeculosus feeding reduced viraemia and clinical disease intensity compared to plain needle inoculation. The sheep that developed the highest local inflammatory reaction had the lowest viral load, suggesting that the inflammatory response to midge bites may participate in the individual sensitivity to BTV viraemia development. Conversely compared to needle inoculation, inoculation of BTV8 by infected C. nubeculosus bites promoted viraemia and clinical symptom expression, in association with delayed IFN- induced gene expression and retarded neutralizing antibody responses. The effects of uninfected and infected midge bites on BTV viraemia and on the host response indicate that BTV transmission by infected midges is the most reliable experimental method to study the physio-pathological events relevant to a natural infection and to pertinent vaccine evaluation in the target species. It also leads the way to identify the promoting viral infectivity factors of infected Culicoides in order to possibly develop new control strategies against BTV and other Culicoides transmitted viruses.

Published
2014

24. Development and validation of a genotype 3 recombinant protein-based immunoassay for hepatitis E virus serology in swine

Author

W.H.M. van der Poel, J.A. van der Goot, Nicole Pavio, Bas Engel, Marga Martín, M. van Es, Central Veterinary Institute, Wageningen, University and Research Centre, National Centre for Zoonoses Research, University of Liverpool, Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Virologie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Departament de Sanitat i d’Anatomia Animals, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Biometris, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)

Subjects
Physiology, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Biochemistry, Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris, Serology, Zoonosis, Hepatitis E virus, Genotype, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, lcsh:QH301-705.5, 0303 health sciences, lcsh:R5-920, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, General Neuroscience, Bacteriologie, ELISA, virus diseases, General Medicine, Bacteriology, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics, Hepatitis E, Recombinant Proteins, 3. Good health, Virology & Molecular Biology, Hepatitis, Viral, Animal, Antibody, lcsh:Medicine (General), Baculoviridae, Immunology, Genetic Vectors, Biophysics, Ocean Engineering, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, Open Reading Frames, Antigen, medicine, Animals, Serologic Tests, Clinical Investigation, Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, 030304 developmental biology, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Bacteriology, Bayes Theorem, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Virology, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek, digestive system diseases, Virologie & Moleculaire Biologie, lcsh:Biology (General), Immunoassay, Bacteriologie, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek, biology.protein, WIAS, sequences, business
Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is classified within the family Hepeviridae, genus Hepevirus. HEV genotype 3 (Gt3) infections are endemic in pigs in Western Europe and in North and South America and cause zoonotic infections in humans. Several serological assays to detect HEV antibodies in pigs have been developed, at first mainly based on HEV genotype 1 (Gt1) antigens. To develop a sensitive HEV Gt3 ELISA, a recombinant baculovirus expression product of HEV Gt3 open reading frame-2 was produced and coated onto polystyrene ELISA plates. After incubation of porcine sera, bound HEV antibodies were detected with anti-porcine anti-IgG and anti-IgM conjugates. For primary estimation of sensitivity and specificity of the assay, sets of sera were used from pigs experimentally infected with HEV Gt3. For further validation of the assay and to set the cutoff value, a batch of 1100 pig sera was used. All pig sera were tested using the developed HEV Gt3 assay and two other serologic assays based on HEV Gt1 antigens. Since there is no gold standard available for HEV antibody testing, further validation and a definite setting of the cutoff of the developed HEV Gt3 assay were performed using a statistical approach based on Bayes' theorem. The developed and validated HEV antibody assay showed effective detection of HEV-specific antibodies. This assay can contribute to an improved detection of HEV antibodies and enable more reliable estimates of the prevalence of HEV Gt3 in swine in different regions.

Published
2014

25. Using the product threshold model for estimating separately the effect of temperature on male and female fertility

Author

L, Tusell, I, David, L, Bodin, A, Legarra, O, Rafel, M, López-Bejar, M, Piles, Station d'Amélioration Génétique des Animaux (SAGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), and This research was supported by the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, Madrid, Spain) project RTA2005-00088-CO2. Part of it was carried out during a visit of the first author to INRA (Castanet-Tolosan, France), Toulouse. Llibertat Tusell Palomero received a fellowship from the INIA. The authors are grateful to the staff of Unitat de Cunicultura, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries (Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain) for their valuable cooperation.

Subjects
Male, fertility, Hot Temperature, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], product threshold model, rabbit, temperature, Models, Biological, heat stress, Animals, Female, Rabbits, Spermatogenesis, Insemination, Artificial
Abstract

International audience; Animals under environmental thermal stress conditions have reduced fertility due to impairment of some mechanisms involved in their reproductive performance that are different in males and females. As a consequence, the most sensitive periods of time and the magnitude of effect of temperature on fertility can differ between sexes. The objective of this study was to estimate separately the effect of temperature in different periods around the insemination time on male and on female fertility by using the product threshold model. This model assumes that an observed reproduction outcome is the result of the product of 2 unobserved variables corresponding to the unobserved fertilities of the 2 individuals involved in the mating. A total of 7,625 AI records from rabbits belonging to a line selected for growth rate and indoor daily temperature records were used. The average maximum daily temperature and the proportion of days in which the maximum temperature was greater than 25°C were used as temperature descriptors. These descriptors were calculated for several periods around the day of AI. In the case of males, 4 periods of time covered different stages of the spermatogenesis, the transit through the epididymus of the sperm, and the day of AI. For females, 5 periods of time covered the phases of preovulatory follicular maturation including day of AI and ovulation, fertilization and peri-implantational stage of the embryos, embryonic and early fetal periods of gestation, and finally, late gestation until birth. The effect of the different temperature descriptors was estimated in the corresponding male and female liabilities in a set of threshold product models. The temperature of the day of AI seems to be the most relevant temperature descriptor affecting male fertility because greater temperature records on the day of AI caused a decrease in male fertility (−6% in male fertility rate with respect to thermoneutrality). Departures from the thermal zone in temperature descriptors covering several periods before AI until early gestation had a negative effect on female fertility, with the pre- and peri-implantational period of the embryos being especially sensitive (from −5 to −6% in female fertility rate with respect to thermoneutrality). The latest period of gestation was unaffected by the temperature. Overall, magnitude and persistency of the temperatures reached in the conditions of this study do not seem to be great enough to have a large effect on male and female rabbit fertility.

Published
2011

26. Oogenesis in teleosts: How fish eggs are formed

Author

Joan Cerdà, Julien Bobe, Esther Lubzens, Graham Young, Department of Marine Biology, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University (WSU), Station commune de Recherches en Ichtyophysiologie, Biodiversité et Environnement (SCRIBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratory of Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Institute of Research and Technology, Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Institut Fédératif de Recherche - Génétique Fonctionnelle Agronomie et Santé (IFR 140 GFAS)

Subjects
Ovulation, Oocyte, Paracrine and autocrine factors, medicine.medical_specialty, food.ingredient, endocrine, media_common.quotation_subject, Hydration, atresia, Biology, Primordial germ-cell, Oogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, Paracrine signalling, Follicle, Endocrinology, food, Yolk, Internal medicine, medicine, 14. Life underwater, oocyte, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vitellogenesis endocrine, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Atresia, primordial germ cell, ovulation, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, paracrine and autocrine factors, Animal Science and Zoology, Vitellogenesis, Oocyte differentiation, vitellogenesis, hydration
Abstract

Special issue Fish Reproduction.-- 23 pages, 8 figures, One of the major objectives of the aquaculture industry is the production of a large number of viable eggs with high survival. Major achievements have been made in recent years in improving protocols for higher efficiency of egg production and viability of progeny. Main gaps remain, however, in understanding the dynamic processes associated with oogenesis, the formation of an egg, from the time that germ cells turn into oogonia, until the release of ova during spawning in teleosts. Recent studies on primordial germ-cells, yolk protein precursors and their processing within the developing oocyte, the deposition of vitamins in eggs, structure and function of egg envelopes and oocyte maturation processes, further reveal the complexity of oogenesis. Moreover, numerous circulating endocrine and locally-acting paracrine and autocrine factors regulate the various stages of oocyte development and maturation. Though it is clear that the major regulators during vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation are the pituitary gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and sex steroids, the picture emerging from recent studies is of complex hormonal cross-talk at all stages between the developing oocyte and its surrounding follicle layers to ensure coordination of the various processes that are involved in the production of a fertilizable egg. In this review we aim at highlighting recent advances on teleost fish oocyte differentiation, maturation and ovulation, including those involved in the degeneration and reabsorption of ovarian follicles (atresia). The role of blood-borne and local ovarian factors in the regulation of the key steps of development reveal new aspects associated with egg formation, The research conducted by Joan Cerdà, was supported by: the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN; AGL2007-60262). The European Commission (Q5RS-2002-00784-CRYOCYTE, MRTN-CT-2006-035995-Aqua(glycero)porins) and Aquaculture R&D and Innovation Reference Network (XRAq) (Generalitat de Catalonia, Spain). The research performed by Esther Lubzens was funded by the Israel Science Foundation (ISF grant 1128/04 and 1195/07) and the review was written with the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Department d’Innovació, Universitats I Empresa to EL

Published
2010

27. Sélection de semis de Prunus amygdalus comme porte-greffe de l'amandier

Author

Simard, Marie-Hélène, Olivier, G., Vargas, F.J., Romero, M.A., Gomes Pereira, J., Maia de Souza, R., Isaakidis, A., Génétique et Horticulture (GenHort), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Station de Recherches Fuitières Méditéranéennes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departament d'Arboricultura Meditèrarania, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Estaçào Nacional de Fruticultura de Viera Natividade, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Institut d'Arboriculture Fruitière, National Agricultural Research Foundation, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária = National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research [Oeiras, Portugal] (INIAV), and National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, sélection, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Prunus amygdalus, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, culture en sec, Porte-greffe de semis
Abstract

Sélection de semis de [i]Prunus amygdalus[/i] comme porte-greffe de l'amandier

Published
1997

28. Food determines ephemerous and non-stable gut microbiome communities in juvenile wild and farmed Mediterranean fish.

Author

Viver T, Ruiz A, Bertomeu E, Martorell-Barceló M, Urdiain M, Grau A, Signaroli M, Barcelo-Serra M, Aspillaga E, Pons A, Rodgers C, Gisbert E, Furones D, Alós J, Catalán IA, and Rossello-Mora R

Subjects
Animals, Bacteria, Animal Feed analysis, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Microbiota, Sea Bream metabolism
Abstract

Novel insights were provided by contrasting the composition of wild and farmed fish gut microbiomes because the latter had essentially different environmental conditions from those in the wild. This was reflected in the gut microbiome of the wild Sparus aurata and Xyrichtys novacula studied here, which showed highly diverse microbial community structures, dominated by Proteobacteria, mostly related to an aerobic or microaerophilic metabolism, but with some common shared major species, such as Ralstonia sp. On the other hand, farmed non-fasted S. aurata individuals had a microbial structure that mirrored the microbial composition of their food source, which was most likely anaerobic, since several members of the genus Lactobacillus, probably revived from the feed and enriched in the gut, dominated the communities. The most striking observation was that after a short fasting period (86 h), farmed gilthead seabream almost lost their whole gut microbiome, and the resident community associated with the mucosa had a very much reduced diversity that was highly dominated by a single potentially aerobic species Micrococcus sp., closely related to M. flavus. The results pointed to the fact that, at least for the juvenile S. aurata studied, most of the microbes in the gut were transient and highly dependent on the feed source, and that only after fasting for at least 2 days could the resident microbiome in the intestinal mucosa be determined. Since an important role of this transient microbiome in relation to fish metabolism could not be discarded, the methodological approach needs to be well designed in order not to bias the results. The results have important implications for fish gut studies that could explain the diversity and occasional contradictory results published in relation to the stability of marine fish gut microbiomes, and might provide important information for feed formulation in the aquaculture industry., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that there are no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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29. Vibrio eleionomae sp. nov., isolated from shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei ) pond water.

Author

Enciso-Ibarra J, Roque A, Bolán-Mejia C, Enciso-Ibarra K, González-Castillo A, and Gomez-Gil B

Subjects
Animals, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Ponds, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Fatty Acids chemistry, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Base Composition, Water, Penaeidae, Vibrio
Abstract

A novel Vibrio strain (CAIM 722 T =SW9 T =DSM 24596 T ) was isolated in 2003 from water of a shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei ) culture pond located in Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico, and taxonomically characterized using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence clustered within those of the genus Vibrio , showing high similarity to the type strains of the Porteresiae clade. Multilocus sequence analysis using eight housekeeping genes ( ftsZ , gapA , gyrB , mreB , pyrH , recA , rpoA , topA and 16S rRNA) and phylogenetic analysis with 139 single-copy genes showed that the strain forms an independent branch. Whole genome sequencing and genomic analyses (average nucleotide identity, OrthoANI, average amino acid identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization) produced values well below the thresholds for species delineation with all methods tested. In addition, a phenotypic characterization was performed to support the description and differentiation of the novel strain from related taxa. The results obtained demonstrate that the strain represent a novel species, for which the name Vibrio eleionomae sp. nov. is proposed.

Published
2023
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30. A meta-analysis for assessing the contributions of trypsin and chymotrypsin as the two major endoproteases in protein hydrolysis in fish intestine.

Author

Solovyev M, Kashinskaya E, and Gisbert E

Subjects
Animals, Trypsin metabolism, Hydrolysis, Intestines, Fishes metabolism, Peptide Hydrolases, Chymotrypsin metabolism, Proteins
Abstract

For the majority of fish species, regardless of being gastric or agastric, trypsin and chymotrypsin are known as the two main alkaline proteases responsible for the initial stage of protein hydrolysis in the fish intestine. Although the critical role of these proteases for protein hydrolysis in fish intestine is without doubt, the relative input of each enzyme in protein hydrolysis is still unclear. Data used in the present study has been retrieved from a bibliographic search using the Dimensions application (https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication tool). Retrieved articles were carefully inspected to identify whether they contained the description of the development of ontogenetic activities for trypsin, chymotrypsin, and total alkaline proteases in fish intestine. From the list of consulted articles, 21 studies were chosen based on correlation coefficients (Pearson correlation test), and four groups of fish were identified with high significant correlation between 1) the activity of chymotrypsin and total alkaline proteases; 2) the activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and total alkaline proteases; 3) the activity of trypsin and total alkaline proteases, and 4) mainly negative correlation between trypsin, chymotrypsin, and total alkaline proteases. These results indicated that the relative inputs of trypsin and chymotrypsin in protein hydrolysis may vary significantly among different fish species, which is a crucial point for proper understanding of species-specific digestive traits in both natural and aquaculture scenarios., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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31. Feeding regimes affected the circadian rhythms of pancreatic digestive enzymes and somatic growth in flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) fry.

Author

Solovyev M and Gisbert E

Subjects
Animal Feed, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Animals, Biomass, Circadian Rhythm physiology, Digestion physiology, Eating physiology, Feeding Behavior physiology, Fisheries, Pancreas enzymology, Smegmamorpha growth & development, Spain, Smegmamorpha physiology
Abstract

The effect of different feeding regimes on the circadian rhythms of pancreatic digestive enzyme activities was evaluated in Mugil cephalus fry weighting 0.34 ± 0.01 g. Feeding regimes (feeding ration = 3% stocked biomass) differed on the number of meals offered per day: one, two and ten meals per day (R1, R2 and R3, respectively). The number of meals per day affected somatic growth; in particular, fry from the R3 group (0.80 ± 0.01 g) grew better than their congeners from R2 (0.70 ± 0.01 g) and R1 (0.63 ± 0.01 g) groups (P < 0.05). Feeding behaviour was modulated by the feeding regime, being the maximal gut fullness values found just after meal distribution in R1 and R2 groups, whereas this trend was not observed when feed was offered continuously during light hours (R3). Fry from R1 and R2 groups showed hyperphagia as they tended to store in their gut as much as possible feed particles to be later digested due to the limited daily meals. This strategy negatively affected feed digestion due to inappropriate enzyme to substrate ratio, changes in digestive enzyme activities and chyme transit times, which ultimately impaired growth performance. Enzyme activities were modulated by the number of meals, the more frequent the meals offered, the lower enzyme activities, supporting the hypothesis that digestive function is adapted to obtain a maximum benefit of the ingested nutrients. Present results showed that feeding grey mullet fry continuously during day light hours optimized feed digestion and promoted fry growth., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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32. Veronia nyctiphanis gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from the Stomach of the Euphausiid Nyctiphanes simplex (Hansen, 1911) in the Gulf of California, and Reclassification of Enterovibrio pacificus as Veronia pacifica comb. nov.

Author

Gomez-Gil B, González-Castillo A, Aguilar-Méndez MJ, López-Cortés A, Gómez-Gutiérrez J, Roque A, Lang E, and Enciso-Ibarra J

Subjects
Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids, Female, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Stomach, Euphausiacea, Vibrionaceae genetics
Abstract

The bacterial strain 42Xb2  T was isolated from a female adult krill Nyctiphanes simplex infected with the apostome parasitoid ciliate Pseudocollinia brintoni in January 2007 in the Gulf of California. The strain has the morphological, phenotypic, and molecular characteristics of the bacteria of the family Vibrionaceae. The 16S rRNA gene sequence has a similarity of 97.7% with Enterovibrio pacificus SW014  T and 96.1% similarity with Enterovibrio norvegicus LMG 19839  T . A phylogenomic and a multilocus sequence analyses placed this strain close to the genera Enterovibrio, Grimontia, and Salinivibrio, but clearly forming a separate branch from these bacterial genera. Genomic analyses presented further support this result. A novel genus Veronia gen. nov. and a species Veronia nyctiphanis sp. nov. is here described with CAIM 600  T (= DSM 24592  T  = CECT 7578  T ) as the type strain. Morphological, physiological, and genetic evidence presented here support the unification of Enterovibrio pacificus and Veronia nyctiphanis in the new genus Veronia. Enterovibrio pacificus is reclassified as Veronia pacifica. V. pacifica is assigned as the type species of the new genus Veronia.Genome Sequencing Data The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the genome sequence of Veronia nyctiphanis CAIM 600  T is PEIB01 and of Enterovibrio pacificus CAIM 1920  T is LYBM01. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of V. nyctiphanis CAIM 600  T is JX129353., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2021
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33. Consumer liking of M. longissimus lumborum from New Zealand pasture-finished lamb is influenced by intramuscular fat.

Author

Realini CE, Pavan E, Johnson PL, Font-I-Furnols M, Jacob N, Agnew M, Craigie CR, and Moon CD

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Fatty Acids analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle, Skeletal chemistry, New Zealand, Sheep, Domestic, Adipose Tissue, Consumer Behavior, Red Meat analysis
Abstract

Palatability of meat is known to be affected by intramuscular fat (IMF), but the effect in relatively low-fat New Zealand lamb is unknown. This study evaluated the eating quality of 108 loins (M. longissimus lumborum) from a single flock of ewe-lambs. Loins ranged from 1.09-5.68% IMF and were stratified into 6 groups: 1.65, 2.12, 2.65, 3.20, 3.58 and 4.40%. Consumers' (n = 165) overall liking of lamb increased significantly at around 3% IMF, achieving maximum scores at 4% IMF. One consumer cluster (n = 111) showed a linear increase in overall liking with increasing IMF%, regarded as 'IMF lovers: the more the better', while a second cluster (n = 54) preferred 2.5-3.5% IMF, described as 'IMF optimizers: just the right amount'. IMF% was modestly correlated (~ + 0.25) with all sensory attributes except juiciness. Liking scores were modestly correlated with monounsaturated (~ + 0.25) and polyunsaturated (~ - 0.20) fatty acids. Results suggest aiming for IMF% levels in New Zealand lamb beyond 3% to maximize eating quality for premium markets in particular., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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34. Toxic marine microalgae and noxious blooms in the Mediterranean Sea: A contribution to the Global HAB Status Report.

Author

Zingone A, Escalera L, Aligizaki K, Fernández-Tejedor M, Ismael A, Montresor M, Mozetič P, Taş S, and Totti C

Subjects
Animals, Black Sea, Harmful Algal Bloom, Mediterranean Sea, Dinoflagellida, Microalgae
Abstract

We review the spatial distribution of toxic marine microalgal species and the impacts of all types of harmful algal events (Harmful Algal Blooms, HABs) in the Mediterranean Sea (MS), including the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, coastal lagoons and transitional waters, based on two databases compiled in the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). Eighty-four potentially toxic species have been detected in the MS (2,350 records), of which 16 described from these waters between 1860 and 2014 and a few suspected to have been introduced. More than half of these species (46) produce toxins that may affect human health, the remainders ichthyotoxic substances (29) or other types of toxins (9). Nevertheless, toxicity-related events are not frequent in the MS (308 records in 31 years), and mainly consist of impacts on aquaculture, caused by the dinoflagellates Dinophysis and Alexandrium, along with a few actual shellfish poisoning cases. Pseudo-nitzschia blooms are widespread, but domoic acid in shellfish rarely exceeds regulatory levels. Fish kills are probably less sporadic than reported, representing a problem at a few places along the southern MS coasts and in the Ebro River Delta. Since the last decade of the 20 th century, blooms of the benthic dinoflagellates Ostreopsis cf. ovata have regularly occurred all along rocky shores of the MS, at times with human health problems caused by toxic aerosol. New records of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa, until now reported for the westernmost and easternmost MS coasts, raise concerns about the risk of ciguatera, a syndrome so far known only for subtropical and tropical areas. Recent discoveries are the dinoflagellates Vulcanodinium rugosum, responsible for the presence of pinnatoxins in French lagoons' shellfish, and the azaspiracid-producers Azadinium spp. Mucilages and discolorations have a major impact on tourism in summer. Reports of toxic species and HABs have apparently increased in the MS over the last half century, which is likely related to the increased awareness and monitoring operations rather than to an actual increase of these phenomena. Indeed, while the case of Ostreopsis appears as a sudden upsurge rather than a trend, no actual increase of toxic or noxious events has so far emerged in intensively studied areas, such as the French and Spanish coasts or the Adriatic Sea. Moreover, some cases of decrease are reported, e.g., for Alexandrium minutum blooms disappearing from the Harbour of Alexandria. Overall, main HAB risks derive from cases of massive development of microalgal biomass and consequent impacts of reduced coastal water quality on tourism, which represents the largest part of the marine economy along the MS coasts., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2021
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35. Using an electronic nose and volatilome analysis to differentiate sparkling wines obtained under different conditions of temperature, ageing time and yeast formats.

Author

Martínez-García R, Moreno J, Bellincontro A, Centioni L, Puig-Pujol A, Peinado RA, Mauricio JC, and García-Martínez T

Subjects
Temperature, Time Factors, Electronic Nose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Volatile Organic Compounds analysis, Wine analysis
Abstract

Effect of yeast inoculation format (F), temperature (T), and "on lees" ageing time (t) factors were evaluated on the composition of sparkling wines by a quantitative fingerprint obtained from volatile metabolites and the response of an electronic nose (E-nose). Wines elaborated according the traditional method at 10 and 14 °C, free cells and yeast biocapsules formats were monitored at 15 and 24 months of ageing time. Sixty-six volatiles identified and quantified in the eight sampling lots were subjected to a pattern recognition technique. A dual criterion based on univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis (PLS-DA) through the variable importance projection (VIP) values, allowed to identify ten volatiles as potential markers for T factor, eleven for t and twelve for F factors. The discriminant models based on E-nose dataset enable a 100% correct classification of samples, in relation with t and F factors and the 83% for T factor., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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36. Cosmopolitan Distribution of Endozoicomonas -Like Organisms and Other Intracellular Microcolonies of Bacteria Causing Infection in Marine Mollusks.

Author

Cano I, Ryder D, Webb SC, Jones BJ, Brosnahan CL, Carrasco N, Bodinier B, Furones D, Pretto T, Carella F, Chollet B, Arzul I, Cheslett D, Collins E, Lohrmann KB, Valdivia AL, Ward G, Carballal MJ, Villalba A, Marigómez I, Mortensen S, Christison K, Kevin WC, Bustos E, Christie L, Green M, and Feist SW

Abstract

Intracellular microcolonies of bacteria (IMC), in some cases developing large extracellular cysts (bacterial aggregates), infecting primarily gill and digestive gland, have been historically reported in a wide diversity of economically important mollusk species worldwide, sometimes associated with severe lesions and mass mortality events. As an effort to characterize those organisms, traditionally named as Rickettsia or Chlamydia -like organisms, 1950 specimens comprising 22 mollusk species were collected over 10 countries and after histology examination, a selection of 99 samples involving 20 species were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed Endozoicomonadaceae sequences in all the mollusk species analyzed. Geographical differences in the distribution of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and a particular OTU associated with pathology in king scallop (OTU&#95;2) were observed. The presence of Endozoicomonadaceae sequences in the IMC was visually confirmed by in situ hybridization (ISH) in eight selected samples. Sequencing data also indicated other symbiotic bacteria. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of those OTUs revealed a novel microbial diversity associated with molluskan IMC infection distributed among different taxa, including the phylum Spirochetes, the families Anaplasmataceae and Simkaniaceae , the genera Mycoplasma and Francisella , and sulfur-oxidizing endosymbionts. Sequences like Francisella halioticida/philomiragia and Candidatus Brownia rhizoecola were also obtained, however, in the absence of ISH studies, the association between those organisms and the IMCs were not confirmed. The sequences identified in this study will allow for further molecular characterization of the microbial community associated with IMC infection in marine mollusks and their correlation with severity of the lesions to clarify their role as endosymbionts, commensals or true pathogens., (Copyright © 2020 Cano, Ryder, Webb, Jones, Brosnahan, Carrasco, Bodinier, Furones, Pretto, Carella, Chollet, Arzul, Cheslett, Collins, Lohrmann, Valdivia, Ward, Carballal, Villalba, Marigómez, Mortensen, Christison, Kevin, Bustos, Christie, Green and Feist.)

Published
2020
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37. Use of a flor yeast strain for the second fermentation of sparkling wines: Effect of endogenous CO 2 over-pressure on the volatilome.

Author

Martínez-García R, Roldán-Romero Y, Moreno J, Puig-Pujol A, Mauricio JC, and García-Martínez T

Subjects
Carbon Dioxide analysis, Esters analysis, Odorants analysis, Pressure, Carbon Dioxide chemistry, Fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Wine analysis
Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae flor yeast is used for the first time in sparkling wine-making. Twenty-six oenological variables and fifty-three volatile metabolites are quantified in the middle (P = 3 bar) and at the end (P = 6 bar) of the second fermentation, carried out in open and closed bottles. A heat-map of volatiles and the fingerprints obtained for ten chemical families and ten odorant series visualize the changes for each condition. Terpenes, fatty acids and volatile phenols increased their contents by pressure effect at the end of the study by 25.0, 7.8 and 2.2%, respectively. The remaining families decrease between 17.4% and 30.1% for furanic compounds and esters in the same stage. A Principal Component Analysis established that nine volatiles are mainly affected by pressure and five by fermentation stage. The use of ethanol-tolerant flor yeasts constitutes an innovative procedure for the enhancement of the sparkling wines diversification., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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38. Annotated 18S and 28S rDNA reference sequences of taxa in the planktonic diatom family Chaetocerotaceae.

Author

Gaonkar CC, Piredda R, Minucci C, Mann DG, Montresor M, Sarno D, and Kooistra WHCF

Subjects
Biodiversity, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic, DNA, Ribosomal genetics, Diatoms classification, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Plankton classification, Plankton genetics, Diatoms genetics, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S genetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 28S genetics
Abstract

The species-rich diatom family Chaetocerotaceae is common in the coastal marine phytoplankton worldwide where it is responsible for a substantial part of the primary production. Despite its relevance for the global cycling of carbon and silica, many species are still described only morphologically, and numerous specimens do not fit any described taxa. Nowadays, studies to assess plankton biodiversity deploy high throughput sequencing metabarcoding of the 18S rDNA V4 region, but to translate the gathered metabarcodes into biologically meaningful taxa, there is a need for reference barcodes. However, 18S reference barcodes for this important family are still relatively scarce. We provide 18S rDNA and partial 28S rDNA reference sequences of 443 morphologically characterized chaetocerotacean strains. We gathered 164 of the 216 18S sequences and 244 of the 413 28S sequences of strains from the Gulf of Naples, Atlantic France, and Chile. Inferred phylogenies showed 84 terminal taxa in seven principal clades. Two of these clades included terminal taxa whose rDNA sequences contained spliceosomal and Group IC1 introns. Regarding the commonly used metabarcode markers in planktonic diversity studies, all terminal taxa can be discriminated with the 18S V4 hypervariable region; its primers fit their targets in all but two species, and the V4-tree topology is similar to that of the 18S. Hence V4-metabarcodes of unknown Chaetocerotaceae are assignable to the family. Regarding the V9 hypervariable region, most terminal taxa can be discriminated, but several contain introns in their primer targets. Moreover, poor phylogenetic resolution of the V9 region affects placement of metabarcodes of putative but unknown chaetocerotacean taxa, and hence, uncertainty in taxonomic assignment, even of higher taxa., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2018
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39. Surveying selected European feed and livestock production chains for features enabling the case-specific post-market monitoring of livestock for intake and potential health impacts of animal feeds derived from genetically modified crops.

Author

Kleter G, McFarland S, Bach A, Bernabucci U, Bikker P, Busani L, Kok E, Kostov K, Nadal A, Pla M, Ronchi B, Terre M, and Einspanier R

Subjects
Animal Diseases diagnosis, Animals, Aquaculture, European Union, Food Labeling, Food Safety, Plants, Genetically Modified genetics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Animal Diseases prevention & control, Animal Feed adverse effects, Animal Husbandry legislation & jurisprudence, Crops, Agricultural, Livestock, Plants, Genetically Modified adverse effects, Product Surveillance, Postmarketing
Abstract

This review, which has been prepared within the frame of the European Union (EU)-funded project MARLON, surveys the organisation and characteristics of specific livestock and feed production chains (conventional, organic, GM-free) within the EU, with an emphasis on controls, regulations, traceability, and common production practices. Furthermore, an overview of the origin of animal feed used in the EU as well as an examination of the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in feed is provided. From the data, it shows that livestock is traceable at the herd or individual level, depending on the species. Husbandry practices can vary widely according to geography and animal species, whilst controls and checks are in place for notifiable diseases and general health symptoms (such as mortality, disease, productive performance). For feeds, it would be possible only to make coarse estimates, at best, for the amount of GM feed ingredients that an animal is exposed to. Labeling requirements are apparently correctly followed. Provided that confounding factors are taken into account, practices such as organic agriculture that explicitly involve the use of non-GM feeds could be used for comparison to those involving the use of GM feed., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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40. Transient fibrosis resolves via fibroblast inactivation in the regenerating zebrafish heart.

Author

Sánchez-Iranzo H, Galardi-Castilla M, Sanz-Morejón A, González-Rosa JM, Costa R, Ernst A, Sainz de Aja J, Langa X, and Mercader N

Subjects
Animals, Animals, Genetically Modified, Base Sequence, Cell Adhesion Molecules biosynthesis, Cell Lineage, Cold Temperature adverse effects, Collagen Type XII biosynthesis, Collagen Type XII genetics, Endocardium pathology, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Fibrosis, Gene Expression Regulation, Genes, Reporter, Heart Injuries genetics, Heart Injuries physiopathology, Myocardium pathology, Myocytes, Cardiac metabolism, Myocytes, Cardiac pathology, RNA, Messenger biosynthesis, Transcriptome, Zebrafish, Zebrafish Proteins biosynthesis, Zebrafish Proteins genetics, Fibroblasts physiology, Heart physiology, Regeneration physiology
Abstract

In the zebrafish ( Danio rerio ), regeneration and fibrosis after cardiac injury are not mutually exclusive responses. Upon cardiac cryoinjury, collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins accumulate at the injury site. However, in contrast to the situation in mammals, fibrosis is transient in zebrafish and its regression is concomitant with regrowth of the myocardial wall. Little is known about the cells producing this fibrotic tissue or how it resolves. Using novel genetic tools to mark periostin b - and collagen 1alpha2 ( col1a2 )-expressing cells in combination with transcriptome analysis, we explored the sources of activated fibroblasts and traced their fate. We describe that during fibrosis regression, fibroblasts are not fully eliminated but become inactivated. Unexpectedly, limiting the fibrotic response by genetic ablation of col1a2 -expressing cells impaired cardiomyocyte proliferation. We conclude that ECM-producing cells are key players in the regenerative process and suggest that antifibrotic therapies might be less efficient than strategies targeting fibroblast inactivation., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)

Published
2018
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41. Consumer acceptance of minced meat patties from boars in four European countries.

Author

Aluwé M, Aaslyng M, Backus G, Bonneau M, Chevillon P, Haugen JE, Meier-Dinkel L, Mörlein D, Oliver MA, Snoek HM, Tuyttens FAM, and Font-I-Furnols M

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Androstenes analysis, Animals, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Orchiectomy veterinary, Skatole analysis, Smell, Swine, Taste, Consumer Behavior, Red Meat analysis
Abstract

A consumer study was performed in four EU countries to further clarify the acceptability of meat with boar taint. In Denmark, France, Italy and Poland, a total of 476 female consumers evaluated 8 meat patties from boars with varying levels of skatole (0.10-0.40μg/g fat tissue) and androstenone (0.47-2.00 μg/g fat tissue), in a pair-wise comparison with patties from castrates. Boar meat patties were always less preferred than the castrate meat patties, regardless of the level of androstenone and skatole. Acceptability of the boar meat patties decreased with increasing skatole level. In samples with low skatole levels, higher levels of androstenone also reduced acceptability among androstenone sensitive consumers. No clear threshold levels for androstenone and skatole could be identified. Maps presenting the reduction in preference due to increasing levels of skatole and androstenone, and corrected for the general acceptance of the meat product were developed, taking into account androstenone sensitivity. Further work is needed, covering the whole range of androstenone and skatole levels found in entire male pigs and for a wider set of meat products., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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42. Lipase and Phospholipase Activity Methods for Marine Organisms.

Author

Nolasco-Soria H, Moyano-López F, Vega-Villasante F, Del Monte-Martínez A, Espinosa-Chaurand D, Gisbert E, and Nolasco-Alzaga HR

Subjects
Caprylates metabolism, Colorimetry methods, Kinetics, Lipase chemistry, Phosphatidylcholines metabolism, Phospholipases chemistry, Substrate Specificity, Aquatic Organisms enzymology, Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Assays methods, Lipase metabolism, Phospholipases metabolism
Abstract

Lipases are very important enzymes having a role in fat digestion and lipid metabolism in marine animals, plants, and microorganisms. The methods for measuring lipase and phospholipase activity have been applied in several studies; however, considering that lipases are water-soluble molecules and their substrates are generally water-insoluble molecules, several steps are required for measuring their digestion products. After a general review of the main type of methods used in marine lipase studies, and experimental procedures, a proposal of new or improved methods is described in order to facilitate the lipase activity measurements in marine organisms.

Published
2018
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43. Role of inbreeding depression, non-inbred dominance deviations and random year-season effect in genetic trends for prolificacy in closed rabbit lines.

Author

Fernández EN, Sánchez JP, Martínez R, Legarra A, and Baselga M

Subjects
Animals, Genes, Dominant, Genetic Variation, Inbreeding, Models, Genetic, Models, Statistical, Phenotype, Rabbits physiology, Seasons, Fertility, Inbreeding Depression, Rabbits genetics, Selection, Genetic
Abstract

In closed rabbit lines selected for prolificacy at the Polytechnic University of Valencia, genetic responses are predicted using BLUP. With a standard additive BLUP model and year-season (YS) effects fitted as fixed, genetic trends were overestimated compared to responses estimated using control populations obtained from frozen embryos. In these lines, there is a confounding between genetic trend, YS effects and inbreeding, and the role of dominance is uncertain. This is a common situation in data from reproductively closed selection lines. This paper fits different genetic evaluation models to data of these lines, aiming to identify the source of these biases: dominance, inbreeding depression and/or an ill-conditioned model due to the strong collinearity between YS, inbreeding and genetic trend. The study involved three maternal lines (A, V and H) and analysed two traits, total born (TB) and the number of kits at weaning (NW). Models fitting YS effect as fixed or random were implemented, in addition to additive genetic, permanent environment effects and non-inbred dominance deviations effects. When YS was fitted as a fixed effect, the genetic trends were overestimated compared to control populations, inbreeding had an apparent positive effect on litter size and the environmental trends were negative. When YS was fitted as random, the genetic trends were compatible with control populations results, inbreeding had a negative effect (lower prolificacy) and environmental trends were flat. The model fitting random YS, inbreeding and non-inbred dominance deviations yielded the following ratios of additive and dominance variances to total variance for NW: 0.06 and 0.01 for line A, 0.06 and 0.00 for line V and 0.01 and 0.08 for line H. Except for line H, dominance deviations seem to be of low relevance. When it is confounded with inbreeding as in these lines, fitting YS effect as random allows correct estimation of genetic trends., (© 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)

Published
2017
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44. Pedigree-based estimation of covariance between dominance deviations and additive genetic effects in closed rabbit lines considering inbreeding and using a computationally simpler equivalent model.

Author

Fernández EN, Legarra A, Martínez R, Sánchez JP, and Baselga M

Subjects
Animals, Female, Genetic Variation, Male, Pedigree, Population Dynamics, Rabbits, Computational Biology methods, Computer Simulation, Genes, Dominant, Inbreeding, Models, Genetic
Abstract

Inbreeding generates covariances between additive and dominance effects (breeding values and dominance deviations). In this work, we developed and applied models for estimation of dominance and additive genetic variances and their covariance, a model that we call "full dominance," from pedigree and phenotypic data. Estimates with this model such as presented here are very scarce both in livestock and in wild genetics. First, we estimated pedigree-based condensed probabilities of identity using recursion. Second, we developed an equivalent linear model in which variance components can be estimated using closed-form algorithms such as REML or Gibbs sampling and existing software. Third, we present a new method to refer the estimated variance components to meaningful parameters in a particular population, i.e., final partially inbred generations as opposed to outbred base populations. We applied these developments to three closed rabbit lines (A, V and H) selected for number of weaned at the Polytechnic University of Valencia. Pedigree and phenotypes are complete and span 43, 39 and 14 generations, respectively. Estimates of broad-sense heritability are 0.07, 0.07 and 0.05 at the base versus 0.07, 0.07 and 0.09 in the final generations. Narrow-sense heritability estimates are 0.06, 0.06 and 0.02 at the base versus 0.04, 0.04 and 0.01 at the final generations. There is also a reduction in the genotypic variance due to the negative additive-dominance correlation. Thus, the contribution of dominance variation is fairly large and increases with inbreeding and (over)compensates for the loss in additive variation. In addition, estimates of the additive-dominance correlation are -0.37, -0.31 and 0.00, in agreement with the few published estimates and theoretical considerations., (© 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)

Published
2017
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45. A Recombinant Potato virus Y Infectious Clone Tagged with the Rosea1 Visual Marker (PVY-Ros1) Facilitates the Analysis of Viral Infectivity and Allows the Production of Large Amounts of Anthocyanins in Plants.

Author

Cordero T, Mohamed MA, López-Moya JJ, and Daròs JA

Abstract

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major threat to the cultivation of potato and other solanaceous plants. By inserting a cDNA coding for the Antirrhinum majus Rosea1 transcription factor into a PVY infectious clone, we created a biotechnological tool (PVY-Ros1) that allows infection by this relevant plant virus to be tracked by the naked eye with no need for complex instrumentation. Rosea1 is an MYB-type transcription factor whose expression activates the biosynthesis of anthocyanin pigments in a dose-specific and cell-autonomous manner. Our experiments showed that the mechanical inoculation of solanaceous plants with PVY-Ros1 induced the formation of red infection foci in inoculated tissue and solid dark red pigmentation in systemically infected tissue, which allows disease progression to be easily monitored. By using silver nanoparticles, a nanomaterial with exciting antimicrobial properties, we proved the benefits of PVY-Ros1 to analyze novel antiviral treatments in plants. PVY-Ros1 was also helpful for visually monitoring the virus transmission process by an aphid vector. Most importantly, the anthocyanin analysis of infected tobacco tissues demonstrated that PVY-Ros1 is an excellent biotechnological tool for molecular farming because it induces the accumulation of larger amounts of anthocyanins, antioxidant compounds of nutritional, pharmaceutical and industrial interest, than those that naturally accumulate in some fruits and vegetables well known for their high anthocyanin content. Hence these results support the notion that the virus-mediated expression of regulatory factors and enzymes in plants facilitates easy quick plant metabolism engineering.

Published
2017
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46. Influence of time, storage temperature and freeze/thaw cycles on the activity of digestive enzymes from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

Author

Solovyev M and Gisbert E

Subjects
Animals, Digestion, Enzyme Stability, Intestines enzymology, Microvilli enzymology, Pancreas enzymology, Stomach enzymology, Hydrolases metabolism, Sea Bream, Temperature
Abstract

In this study, we tested the effects of long-term storage (2 years) at -20 °C and short-term storage (several hours) in ice and freeze/thaw cycles on the activities of pancreatic, gastric and intestinal (brush border and cytosolic) digestive enzymes in a teleost fish species. The results revealed a significant lose in activity of pancreatic (trypsin, chymotrypsin, total alkaline proteases and α-amylase) and intestinal cytosolic (leucine-alanine peptidase) enzymes between 140 and 270 days of storage at -20 °C, whereas in contrast, the activity of all the assayed brush border enzymes remained constant during the first 2 years of storage at -20 °C. During short-term storage conditions, the most stable enzymes assayed were those of the enterocytes of the brush border, which did not show any change in activity after being held for 5 h in ice. Five freezing and thawing cycles did not affect the activity of the intestinal brush border enzymes and the cytosolic ones, whereas the activity of trypsin, α-amylase and bile-salt-activated lipase was significantly affected by the number of freezing and thawing cycles. No changes in pepsin activity were found in samples exposed to 1 and 2 freezing and thawing cycles.

Published
2016
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47. Molecular and functional characterization of Bemisia tabaci aquaporins reveals the water channel diversity of hemipteran insects.

Author

Van Ekert E, Chauvigné F, Finn RN, Mathew LG, Hull JJ, Cerdà J, and Fabrick JA

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Aquaporins chemistry, Aquaporins metabolism, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Complementary genetics, DNA, Complementary metabolism, Female, Hemiptera metabolism, Insect Proteins chemistry, Insect Proteins metabolism, Larva growth & development, Larva metabolism, Male, Phylogeny, Sequence Alignment, Aquaporins genetics, Hemiptera genetics, Insect Proteins genetics
Abstract

The Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an economically important pest of food, fiber, and ornamental crops. This pest has evolved a number of adaptations to overcome physiological challenges, including 1) the ability to regulate osmotic stress between gut lumen and hemolymph after imbibing large quantities of a low nitrogen, sugar-rich liquid diet; 2) the ability to avoid or prevent dehydration and desiccation, particularly during egg hatching and molting; and 3) to be adapted for survival at elevated temperatures. One superfamily of proteins involved in the maintenance of fluid homeostasis in many organisms includes the aquaporins, which are integral membrane channel proteins that aid in the rapid flux of water and other small solutes across biological membranes. Here, we show that B. tabaci has eight aquaporins (BtAqps), of which seven belong to the classical aquaporin 4-related grade of channels, including Bib, Drip, Prip, and Eglps and one that belongs to the unorthodox grade of aquaporin 12-like channels. B. tabaci has further expanded its repertoire of water channels through the expression of three BtDrip2 amino-terminal splice variants, while other hemipteran species express amino- or carboxyl-terminal isoforms of Drip, Prip, and Eglps. Each BtAqp has unique transcript expression profiles, cellular localization, and/or substrate preference. Our phylogenetic and functional data reveal that hemipteran insects lost the classical glp genes, but have compensated for this by duplicating the eglp genes early in their evolution to comprise at least three separate clades of glycerol transporters., (Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2016
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48. Physiological Basis and Transcriptional Profiling of Three Salt-Tolerant Mutant Lines of Rice.

Author

Domingo C, Lalanne E, Catalá MM, Pla E, Reig-Valiente JL, and Talón M

Abstract

Salinity is a complex trait that affects growth and productivity in many crops, including rice. Mutation induction, a useful tool to generate salt tolerant plants, enables the analysis of plants with similar genetic background, facilitating the understanding of the salt tolerance mechanisms. In this work, we generated three salt tolerant mutant lines by irradiation of a salt-sensitive cultivar plants and screened M2 plants at seedling stage in the presence of high salinity. These three lines, SaT20, SaS62 , and SaT58 , showed different responses to salinity, but exhibited similar phenotype to wild type plants, except SaT20 that displayed shorter height when grown in the absence of salt. Under salt conditions, all three mutants and the parental line showed similar reduction in yield, although relevant differences in other physiological parameters, such as Na + accumulation in healthy leaves of SaT20 , were registered. Microarray analyses of gene expression profiles in roots revealed the occurrence of common and specific responses in the mutants. The three mutants showed up-regulation of responsive genes, the activation of oxido-reduction process and the inhibition of ion transport. The participation of jasmonate in the plant response to salt was evident by down-regulation of a gene coding for a jasmonate O-methyltransferase. Genes dealing with lipid transport and metabolism were, in general, up-regulated except in SaS62 , that also exhibited down-regulation of genes involved in ion transport and Ca 2+ signal transduction. The two most tolerant varieties, SaS62 and SaT20 , displayed lower levels of transcripts involved in K + uptake. The physiological study and the description of the expression analysis evidenced that the three lines showed different responses to salt: SaT20 showed a high Na + content in leaves, SaS62 presented an inhibition of lipid metabolism and ion transport and SaT58 differs in both features in the response to salinity. The analysis of these salt tolerant mutants illustrates the complexity of this trait evidencing the breadth of the plant responses to salinity including simultaneous cooperation of alternative or complementary mechanisms.

Published
2016
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49. Development of a new welfare assessment protocol for practical application in long-term dog shelters.

Author

Barnard S, Pedernera C, Candeloro L, Ferri N, Velarde A, and Dalla Villa P

Subjects
Animals, Dogs, Europe, Feasibility Studies, Housing, Animal statistics & numerical data, Time Factors, Animal Welfare organization & administration, Animal Welfare standards, Housing, Animal standards
Abstract

In many European shelters, dogs may spend many years confined. A poor environment and inappropriate management may lead to a low quality of life. The absence of harmonised European regulatory frameworks defining the minimum requirements for shelter facilities makes the definition of welfare standards for kennelled dogs challenging. Here, a new protocol was developed and tested to help identify the main welfare issues for shelter dogs. Twenty-six indicators were identified including management, resource and animal based measures. Accuracy and interobserver reliability were checked between four assessors. The protocol was applied in 29 shelters (n=1308 dogs) in six European countries. Overall prevalence of poor health conditions was below 10%. Test-retest reliability and validity of the protocol were investigated with encouraging results. A logistic regression was carried out to assess the potential of the protocol as a tool to identify welfare hazards in shelter environments. Inappropriate space allowance, for example, was found to be a risk factor potentially affecting the animal's cleanliness, skin condition and body condition. The protocol was designed to be concise and easy to implement. Systematic data collection could help identify welfare problems that are likely to arise in certain shelter designs and thus determine improvement in animal care standards., (British Veterinary Association.)

Published
2016
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50. Interaction between milk allowance and fat content of the starter feed on performance of Holstein calves.

Author

Araujo G, Terré M, and Bach A

Subjects
Animals, Blood Glucose metabolism, Body Weight, Cattle, Dietary Fats analysis, Dietary Proteins administration & dosage, Dietary Proteins analysis, Glucose Tolerance Test, Insulin Resistance, Male, Milk Substitutes chemistry, Weaning, Animal Feed analysis, Dietary Fats administration & dosage, Milk chemistry
Abstract

Sixty-six Holstein male calves [42 ± 6.0 kg of body weight (BW) and 12 ± 3.1 d of age] were housed individually and allocated to 1 of 4 treatments following a 2 × 2 factorial complete randomized design to assess the potential interaction between milk replacer (MR) allowance and fat content in the starter feed. Thus, 4 treatments were evaluated: a low-fat (4.1% fat; LF) starter feed offered along with 4 L/d of MR (4 LF), a high-fat (11.2% fat; HF) starter feed plus 4 L/d of MR (4 HF), a LF starter feed offered with 6 L/d of MR (6LF), and an HF starter feed offered with 6 L/d of MR (6 HF). Calves were fed either 4 or 6 L/d of MR (25% crude protein and 19.2% fat) in 2 offers (0800 and 1630 h) and had ad libitum access to either an LF or an HF starter feed (21.4 and 22.3% crude protein). Calves were weaned at wk 6 of study by halving the daily MR allowance for 1 wk. Individual MR and starter feed intakes were recorded daily and BW was determined weekly. A glucose tolerance test was performed on d 30 of study to evaluate the effects of increased energy provision on glucose metabolism. Apparent feed digestibility was measured for the last 5 d of study. Overall, fat content of starter feed had no effect on solid feed intake. However, during wk 8 of study (after weaning), calves in the LF treatment had greater starter feed intake than HF calves. Calves on 6 L/d of MR had greater BW than calves fed 4 L/d from the second week of study until weaning. After weaning, 6 LF calves had lesser BW than 6 HF calves. Calves on 6 L/d of MR had greater average daily gain than calves fed 4 L/d, and 6 HF calves tended to have the greatest average daily gain. Glucose clearance rate tended to be lesser for HF than for LF calves. In conclusion, offering 6 L/d of MR increased growth performance before weaning and, when offering 6 L/d of MR, feeding a high-fat starter feed resulted in the greatest BW after weaning., (Copyright © 2014 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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