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1. The potential effects of meat substitution on diet quality could be high if meat substitutes are optimized for nutritional composition—a modeling study in French adults (INCA3)

Author: Marion Salomé, François Mariotti, Marie-Charlotte Nicaud, Alison Dussiot, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Marie-Noëlle Maillard, Jean-François Huneau, Hélène Fouillet, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AgroParisTech, Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), and Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Dietary Fiber, Meat, Nutrition and Dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mathematical optimization, food and beverages, Medicine (miscellaneous), Plant-based substitutes, Nutrients, Diet, Nonlinear programming, Nutrient composition, Nutritive Value, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Diet quality
Abstract: International audience; Purpose. While consumer demand for meat substitutes is growing, their varied composition raises questions regarding their nutritional value. We aimed to identify and characterize the optimal composition of a meat substitute that would best improve diet quality after complete meat replacement.Methods. From an average individual representing the dietary intake of French adults (INCA3, n=1125), meat was replaced with an equivalent amount of a mostly pulse-based substitute, whose composition was based on a list of 159 possible plant ingredients and optimized non-linearly to maximize diet quality assessed with the PANDiet score (considering adequacy for 32 nutrients), while taking account of technological constraints and applying nutritional constraints to limit the risk of overt deficiency in 12 key nutrients.Results. The optimized meat substitute contained 13 minimally processed ingredients. When used to substitute meat, the PANDiet score increased by 5.7 points above its initial value before substitution (versus -3.1 to +1.5 points when using other substitutes on the market), mainly because of higher intakes of nutrients that are currently insufficiently consumed (e.g. alpha-linolenic acid, fiber, linoleic acid) and a lower SFA intake. The meat substitute also mostly compensated for the lower provision of some indispensable nutrients to which meat greatly contributed (e.g. vitamin B6, potassium, bioavailable iron), but it could not compensate for bioavailable zinc and vitamin B12. Conclusion. Choosing the correct ingredients can result in a nutritionally highly effective meat substitute that could compensate for reductions in many nutrients supplied by meat while providing key nutrients that are currently insufficiently consumed.
Published: 2022

2. Key Findings of the French BioNutriNet Project on Organic Food–Based Diets: Description, Determinants, and Relationships to Health and the Environment

Author: Jean-Pierre Cravedi, Louise Seconda, Pauline Rebouillat, Pilar Galan, Julia Baudry, Christine Boizot-Santai, Serge Hercberg, Sandrine Péneau, Denis Lairon, Joséphine Brunin, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Benjamin Allès, Philippe Pointereau, Laurent Debrauwer, Bruno Taupier-Letage, Rodolphe Vidal, Véronique Ducros, Louis-Georges Soler, Mathilde Touvier, Marie-Josèphe Amiot, Brigitte Langevin, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Metatoul AXIOM (E20 ), MetaboHUB-MetaToul, MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Association Solagro (Solagro), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Analyse de Xénobiotiques, Identification, Métabolisme (E20 Metatoul-AXIOM), MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Solagro, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: Observational data, Dietary greenhouse gas emissions, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Health Status, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Review, Environment, Dietary pesticide exposure, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Monetary diet cost, medicine, Humans, Sustainability indicators, 030212 general & internal medicine, 2. Zero hunger, Consumption (economics), 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Land use, Pesticide residue, medicine.disease, Obesity, Dietary scores, Diet, 3. Good health, Cumulative energy demand, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, 13. Climate action, Chronic diseases, Greenhouse gas, Organic farming, Food systems, Food, Organic, Business, Organic food consumption, Externality, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; Few studies have investigated the relationships between organic food consumption, dietary patterns, monetary diet cost, health, and the environment. To address these issues, a consortium of French epidemiologists, nutritionists, economists, and toxicologists launched the BioNutriNet project in 2013. In 2014, an FFQ documented the usual organic and nonorganic (conventional) food consumption of approximately 35,000 NutriNet-Santé participants. Then, individual organic and conventional food intakes were merged with price, environmental, and pesticide residue data sets, which distinguished between conventional and organic farming methods. Many studies were conducted to characterize organic consumers and their environmental impacts (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions, energy demand, and land use) and organic food consumption impacts on health. We observed that organic consumers had diets that were healthier and richer in plant-based food than nonorganic consumers. Their diets were associated with higher monetary costs, lower environmental impacts, and reduced exposure to certain pesticide residues. Regular consumption of organic food was associated with reduced risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes, postmenopausal breast cancer, and lymphoma. Although several observations have been confirmed by several studies conducted in other countries, our results should be replicated in other cultural settings and coupled with experimental studies to be able to draw causal conclusions. Finally, the main finding of the BioNutriNet project is that while organic food consumption could be associated with positive externalities on human health and the environment, organic-based diets should be accompanied by dietary shifts toward plant-based diets to allow for better planetary and human health.
Published: 2022

3. Surging bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance during the first wave of COVID–19: a study in a large multihospital institution in the Paris region

Author: Rishma Amarsy, David Trystram, Emmanuelle Cambau, Catherine Monteil, Sandra Fournier, Juliette Oliary, Helga Junot, Pierre Sabatier, Raphaël Porcher, Jérôme Robert, Vincent Jarlier, Guillaume Arlet, Laurence Armand Lefevre, Alexandra Aubry, Laurent Belec, Béatrice Bercot, Stéphane Bonacorsi, Vincent Calvez, Etienne Carbonnelle, Stéphane Chevaliez, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Constance Delaugerre, Diane Descamps, Florence Doucet-Populaire, Jean-Louis Gaillard, Antoine Garbarg- Chenon, Elyanne Gault, Jean-Louis Herrmann, Jérôme Le Goff, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Jean-Luc Mainardi, Anne-Geneviève Marcellin, Laurence Morand-Joubert, Xavier Nassif, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Anne-Marie Roque Afonso, Martin Rottman, Christine Rouzioux, Flore Rozenberg, François Simon, Nicolas Veziris, David Skurnik, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Guilene Barnaud, Typhaine Billard Pomares, Gaëlle Cuzon, Dominique Decré, Alexandra Doloy, Jean-Luc Donay, Laurence Drieux-Rouzet, Isabelle Durand, Agnès Ferroni, Vincent Fihman, Nicolas Fortineau, Camille Gomart, Nathalie Grall, Christelle Guillet Caruba, Françoise Jaureguy, Valérie Lalande, Luce Landraud, Véronique Leflon, Patricia Mariani, Liliana Mihaila, Didier Moissenet, Latifa Noussair, Isabelle Podglajen, Isabelle Poilane, Hélène Poupet, Emilie Rondinaud, Valérie Sivadon Tardy, Charlotte Verdet, Emmanuelle Vigier, Sophie Vimont Billarant, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Bactériologie et d'Hygiène Hospitalière [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Service de Biochimie Métabolique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and HAL-SU, Gestionnaire
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Klebsiella pneumoniae, medicine.drug_class, Cephalosporin, Bacteremia, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, medicine.disease_cause, Antimicrobial resistance, Blood culture, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antibiotic resistance, Internal medicine, Sepsis, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pandemics, Retrospective Studies, 0303 health sciences, Cross Infection, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, 030306 microbiology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Incidence (epidemiology), COVID-19, Bloodstream infection incidence, General Medicine, Enterobacter, biology.organism_classification, COVID-19, blood culture, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibiotic consumption, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Objectives: This study measured the impact of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19) (March–April 2020) on the incidence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) at Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), the largest multisite public healthcare institution in France. Methods: The number of patient admission blood cultures (BCs) collected, number of positive BCs, and antibiotic resistance and consumption were analysed retrospectively for the first quarter of 2020, and also for the first quarter of 2019 for comparison, in 25 APHP hospitals (ca. 14 000 beds). Results: Up to a fourth of patients admitted in March–April 2020 in these hospitals had COVID-19. The BSI rate per 100 admissions increased overall by 24% in March 2020 and 115% in April 2020, and separately for the major pathogens (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yeasts). A sharp increase in the rate of BSIs caused by microorganisms resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) was also observed in March–April 2020, particularly in K. pneumoniae, enterobacterial species naturally producing inducible AmpC (Enterobacter cloacae...), and P. aeruginosa. A concomitant increase in 3GC consumption occurred. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a strong impact on hospital management and also unfavourable effects on severe infections, antimicrobial resistance, and laboratory work diagnostics.
Published: 2022

4. Annual nationwide analysis of costs and post-operative outcomes after radical prostatectomy according to the surgical approach (open, laparoscopic, and robotic)

Author: Guilhem Roubaud, Eric Barret, Gilles Créhange, Mathieu Gauthé, Laurent Brureau, Charles-Edouard Lequeu, Romain Mathieu, Alain Ruffion, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Morgan Rouprêt, Gaëlle Fromont, Gaelle Fiard, Annabelle Grabia, Guillaume Ploussard, Charles Dariane, Paul Sargos, Raphaële Renard-Penna, Clinique La Croix du Sud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole (IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut Curie [Paris], Immunologie et Neurogénétique Expérimentales et Moléculaires (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe 5 : METHODS - Méthodes de l’évaluation thérapeutique des maladies chroniques (CRESS - U1153), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Ciblage thérapeutique en Oncologie (EA3738), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and Centre pour l'innovation en cancérologie de Lyon (CICLY)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Urology, medicine.medical_treatment, 030232 urology & nephrology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Indirect costs, 0302 clinical medicine, Robotic Surgical Procedures, law, Humans, Medicine, Post operative, Laparoscopy, Prostatectomy, Prostate cancer, Surgical approach, medicine.diagnostic_test, Volume, business.industry, Robotics, Radical prostatectomy, Intensive care unit, Treatment Outcome, Robotic systems, Cost driver, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Emergency medicine, business, Complication, Readmission
Abstract: International audience; Objective Annual countrywide data are scarce when comparing surgical approaches in terms of hospital stay outcomes and costs for radical prostatectomy (RP). We aimed to assess the impact of surgical approach on post-operative outcomes and costs after RP by comparing open (ORP), laparoscopic (LRP), and robot-assisted (RARP) RP in the French healthcare system. Patients and methods Data from all patients undergoing RP in France in 2020 were extracted from the central database of the national healthcare system. Primary endpoints were length of hospital stay (LOS including intensive care unit (ICU) stay if present), complications (estimated by severity index), hospital readmission rates (at 30 and 90 days), and direct costs of initial stay. Results and limitations A total of 19,018 RPs were performed consisting in ORP in 21.1%, LRP in 27.6%, and RARP in 51.3% of cases. RARP was associated with higher center volume (p < 0.001), lower complication rates (p < 0.001), shorter LOS (p < 0.001), and lower readmission rates (p = 0.004). RARP was associated with reduced direct stay costs (2286 euros) compared with ORP (4298 euros) and LRP (3101 euros). The main cost driver was length of stay. The main limitations were the lack of mid-term data, readmission details, and cost variations due to surgery system. Conclusions This nationwide analysis demonstrates the benefits of RARP in terms of post-operative short-term outcomes. Higher costs related to the robotic system appear to be balanced by patient care improvements and reduced direct costs due to shorter LOS.
Published: 2021

5. Concurrent Nanopore Next-Generation Sequencing of Hepatitis B and Delta Virus Genomes Directly From Patient Plasma

Author: Anne Motte, Céline Boschi, Ludivine Brechard, Jessica Grace Bengone-Abogourin, Philippe Colson, Isabelle Allemand, Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Gamétogénèse Apoptose et Génotoxicité - LGAG (Equipe - U967 INSERM), Stabilité génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations (SCSR (U_967)), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), ANR-10-IAHU-0003,Méditerranée Infection,I.H.U. Méditerranée Infection(2010), European Project, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), COMBE, Isabelle, Instituts Hospitalo-Universitaires - I.H.U. Méditerranée Infection - - Méditerranée Infection2010 - ANR-10-IAHU-0003 - IAHU - VALID, and FEDER PRIMI - INCOMING
Subjects: Delta, Hepatitis B virus, Clinical Biochemistry, Computational biology, Genome, Viral, Biology, Genome, DNA sequencing, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Nanopores, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, medicine, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Letter to the Editor, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 030306 microbiology, Biochemistry (medical), High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, General Medicine, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, 3. Good health, Nanopore, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Diagnostic Genetics, [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

6. Immunity to EBV as revealed by immunedeficiencies

Author: Benjamin Fournier, Sylvain Latour, Lymphocyte activation and susceptibility to EBV (Equpie Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Herpesvirus 4, Human, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, Cell Communication, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Immune control, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Smooth muscle, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Immunity, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, B-Lymphocytes, business.industry, Ebv infection, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Organ Specificity, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Disease Susceptibility, business, Biomarkers, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Epstein-Barr virus infection is the most common viral latent infection in humans and represents one prototypical model to study immunity to viral infections. In that respect, inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) or primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) predisposing to severe and chronic EBV infections provide peculiar examples to decipher-specific molecular and cellular components involved in the immune control of EBV-infected cells. Herein, we discuss the recent knowledge and concepts arising from these studies, with a particular focus on 'atypical' EBV infections when EBV enters T, NK and smooth muscle cells, instead of the common 'typical' infection of B cells.
Published: 2021

7. Dietary macronutrient intake according to sex and trait anxiety level among non-diabetic adults: a cross-sectional study

Author: Kose, Junko, Fezeu, Léopold K., Touvier, Mathilde, Péneau, Sandrine, Hercberg, Serge, Galan, Pilar, Andreeva, Valentina A., Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université Paris 13 (UP13), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Kose, Junko
Subjects: Adult, Male, RC620-627, Epidemiological study, Carbohydrates, Anxiety, Eating, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Research, Dietary intake, Protein, Infant, Newborn, Nutrients, Dietary Fats, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Fat, Female, Mental health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Dietary Proteins, Macronutrients, Energy Intake
Abstract: International audience; Abstract Background Studies suggest that anxiety is correlated with eating behavior, however, little is known about the association between anxiety status as predictor of dietary macronutrient intake. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sex-stratified cross-sectional associations of trait anxiety with intake of various macronutrients in a large population-based sample of non-diabetic adults. Methods N = 20,231 participants (mean age = 53.7 ± 13.6 years) of the NutriNet-Santé web-cohort, who had completed the trait anxiety subscale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-STAI; 2013–2016) were included in the analyses. Dietary intake was calculated from at least 3 self-administered 24-h dietary records. The associations of interest were assessed by multiple linear regression stratified by sex, owing to significant interaction tests. Results In total, 74.3% ( n = 15,033) of the sample were females who had a significantly higher mean T-STAI score than did males (39.0 versus 34.8; p
Published: 2021

8. Risk factors for therapeutic failure in the management of post-operative peritonitis: a post hoc analysis of the DURAPOP trial

Author: Karim Asehnoune, Sebastien Pease, Philippine Eloy, Alexandre Mignon, Marina Esposito-Farèse, Pascal Raclot, Sami Jaber, Joel Cousson, Soizic Gergaud, Hervé Dupont, Marc Beaussier, Josette Gally, Claude Girard, Melanie Levrard, Claude Meistelman, Gilles Blasco, Jean-Francois Payen, Philippe Gouin, Nathalie Grall, Olivier Collanges, Paer Abback, Thomas Lescot, Sigismond Lasocki, Thomas Gaillard, Sebastien Pily-Floury, Antoine Tesniere, Gaëtan Plantefève, Jean-François Georger, Benoit Veber, Philippe Montravers, Christian Auboyer, Marie-Christine Herault, Florent Wallet, Jean-François Perrier, Regis Bronchard, Yazine Mahjoub, Alain Lepape, Vincent Piriou, Thierry Floch, Emmanuel Samain, Emmanuel Weiss, Thomas Clavier, Mathieu Desmard, Philippe Seguin, Candice Tassin, Yoann Launey, Nouria Belhadj-Tahar, Raphaël Cinotti, Olivier Pajot, Guillaume Besch, Catherine Paugam, Boris Jung, Jean-Marc Delay, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires (PHERE (UMR_S_1152 / U1152)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre d'investigation Clinique [CHU Bichat] - Épidémiologie clinique (CIC 1425), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), DURAPOP trial group: Philippe Montravers, Regis Bronchard, Mathieu Desmard, Herve Dupont, Melanie Levrard, Yazine Mahjoub, Sigismond Lasocki, Soizic Gergaud, Thomas Gaillard, Gaetan Plantefeve, Olivier Pajot, Gilles Blasco, Emmanuel Samain, Guillaume Besch, Sebastien Pily-Floury, Catherine Paugam, Sebastien Pease, Paer Abback, Claude Girard, Jean-Francois Payen, Marie-Christine Herault, Sami Jaber, Boris Jung, Jean-Marc Delay, Josette Gally, Claude Meistelman, Jean-François Perrier, Karim Asehnoune, Raphael Cinotti, Antoine Tesniere, Alexandre Mignon, Thomas Lescot, Nouria Belhadj-Tahar, Marc Beaussier, Alain Lepape, Vincent Piriou, Florent Wallet, Candice Tassin, Joel Cousson, Pascal Raclot, Thierry Floch, Philippe Seguin, Yoann Launey, Benoit Veber, Philippe Gouin, Thomas Clavier, Christian Auboyer, Olivier Collanges, Jean-François Georger, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Simplification des soins chez les patients complexes - UR UPJV 7518 (SSPC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and MORNET, Dominique
Subjects: medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Penicillanic Acid, Logistic regression, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Risk Factors, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Penicillanic Acid, Prospective Studies, Original Research, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination, [SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Piperacillin/tazobactam, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), MESH: Piperacillin, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Peritonitis, Peritonitis, Tazobactam, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Post-hoc analysis, medicine, AcademicSubjects/MED00740, Humans, Renal replacement therapy, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacology, Piperacillin, MESH: Humans, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, MESH: Prospective Studies, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, business, AcademicSubjects/MED00230
Abstract: Background Therapeutic failure is a frequent issue in the management of post-operative peritonitis. Objectives A post hoc analysis of the prospective, multicentre DURAPOP trial analysed the risk factors for failures in post-operative peritonitis following adequate source control and empirical antibiotic therapy in critically ill patients. Patients and methods Overall failures assessed post-operatively between Day 8 and Day 45 were defined as a composite of death and/or surgical and/or microbiological failures. Risk factors for failures were assessed using logistic regression analyses. Results Among the 236 analysed patients, overall failures were reported in 141 (59.7%) patients, including 30 (12.7%) deaths, 81 (34.3%) surgical and 95 (40.2%) microbiological failures. In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors associated with overall failures were documented piperacillin/tazobactam therapy [adjusted OR (aOR) 2.10; 95% CI 1.17–3.75] and renal replacement therapy on the day of reoperation (aOR 2.96; 95% CI 1.05–8.34). The risk factors for death were age (aOR 1.08 per year; 95% CI 1.03–1.12), renal replacement therapy on reoperation (aOR 3.95; 95% CI 1.36–11.49) and diabetes (OR 6.95; 95% CI 1.34–36.03). The risk factors associated with surgical failure were documented piperacillin/tazobactam therapy (aOR 1.99; 95% CI 1.13–3.51), peritoneal cultures containing Klebsiella spp. (aOR 2.45; 95% CI 1.02–5.88) and pancreatic source of infection (aOR 2.91; 95% CI 1.21–7.01). No specific risk factors were identified for microbiological failure. Conclusions Our data suggest a predominant role of comorbidities, the severity of post-operative peritonitis and possibly of documented piperacillin/tazobactam treatment on the occurrence of therapeutic failures, regardless of their type.
Published: 2021

9. Substituting Meat or Dairy Products with Plant-Based Substitutes Has Small and Heterogeneous Effects on Diet Quality and Nutrient Security: A Simulation Study in French Adults (INCA3)

Author: Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, François Mariotti, Capucine Le Baron, Marion Salomé, Jean-François Huneau, Hélène Fouillet, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Salomé, Marion
Subjects: Vitamin, Meat, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, medicine.medical_treatment, Linoleic acid, Fortification, Medicine (miscellaneous), Riboflavin, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Nutrient, medicine, Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, Food science, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrient adequacy, Vitamin E, food and beverages, Nutrients, medicine.disease, Iodine deficiency, Diet, modeled diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, Diet quality, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Dairy Products, plant-based substitutes, animal product substitution, Energy Intake, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Background Plant-based substitutes are designed to have the same use as animal-based foods in the diet and could therefore assist the transition toward more plant-based diets. However, their nutritional impact has not been characterized. Objectives We assessed and compared the effects of plant-based substitutes on the nutritional quality of the diet. Methods We simulated separately the substitution of meat, milk, and dairy desserts with 96 plant-based substitutes in the diets of 2121 adults (18-79 y old) from the cross-sectional French Third Individual and National Study on Food Consumption Survey (INCA3; 2014-2015). The quality of initial individual diets and the 203,616 substituted diets was evaluated using the Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake (PANDiet) scoring system, which assesses the probability of adequate (sufficient and not excessive) nutrient intake; also, nutrient security was evaluated using the SecDiet scoring system, which assesses the risk of overt deficiency. Results Impacts on PANDiet depended on both the food substituted and the types of substitutes. Soy-based substitutes provided a slight improvement in diet quality (0.8% increase of the PANDiet score when substituting meat), whereas cereal-based substitutes resulted in a 1.1% decrease. Globally, substitutions led to better adequacies for fiber, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, vitamin E, folate, and SFAs, but lower adequacies regarding vitamin B-12 and riboflavin, as well as bioavailable zinc and iron when substituting meat, and calcium and iodine when substituting milk/dairy desserts. When they substituted dairy products, calcium-fortified substitutes allowed maintenance of calcium adequacy but there was a higher risk of iodine deficiency when substituting dairy, which may warrant iodine fortification. Substitutions modified the energy share of ultra-processed foods from 29% to 27%-40%, depending on the food substituted and the substitute used. Conclusions Plant-based substitutes had a small effect on overall diet quality and heterogeneous impacts on nutrient adequacy and security. Plant-based substitutes that include legumes appear more nutritionally adequate to substitute animal products than do other substitutes.
Published: 2021

10. Evaluation of the severe preeclampsia classification criterion for antiphospholipid syndrome in a study of 40 patients

Author: Maddalena Larosa, Veronique Le Guern, Nathalie Morel, Mériem Belhocine, Amelia Ruffatti, Nicolas Martin-Silva, Romain Paule, Luc Mouthon, Michel Dreyfus, Jean-Charles Piette, Odile Souchaud-Debouverie, Catherine Deneux-Tharaux, Gaelle Guettrot-Imbert, Vassilis Tsatsaris, Emmanuelle Pannier-Metzger, Anne Murarasu, Andrea Doria, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Université de Montréal (UdeM), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de médecine interne et d'immunologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Maternité Port-Royal [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Département de médecine interne et immunologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (DMIIC), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], and Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université
Subjects: Adult, Severe preeclampsia, Classification criteria, Placenta, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Antiphospholipid syndrome, Pregnancy, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Thrombosis, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Italy, Pre-Eclampsia, RC925-935, Humans, Female, Child, Research Article, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Background The criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) include severe preeclampsia and/or placental insufficiency leading to preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation, but this APS manifestation has been rarely studied. Thus, we report a series of severe preeclampsia occurred in patients with APS. Methods We retrospectively analysed data of women with APS (Sydney criteria) who experienced severe preeclampsia with delivery before 34 weeks’ gestation between 2000 and 2017 at five French internal medicine departments and one Italian rheumatology unit. Results The 40 women had a mean age of 30.5 ± 4.6 years at their first episode of preeclampsia; 21 were nulligravid (52.5%), 12 (30%) had already been diagnosed with APS, and 21 (52.5%) had a triple-positive antiphospholipid (aPL) antibody test. Preeclampsia occurred at a median gestational age of 25.5 weeks (IQR 23-29). It was associated with HELLP in 18 cases (45%), eclampsia in 6 (15%), placental abruption in 3 (7.5%), catastrophic APS in 3 (7.5%), and foetal and neonatal death in 11 and 15 cases. Overall, 14 (35%) children survived, born at a median gestational age of 31 weeks. Among other APS criteria, 16 women (40%) experienced at least one thrombosis, 17 (42.5%) an intrauterine foetal death, and 19 (47.5%) at least one episode of HELLP during follow-up (median 5 years, IQR = 2-8). None had three or more consecutive miscarriages. Notably, 12 women (30%) had systemic lupus erythematosus. Conclusions Severe preeclampsia led to high mortality in the offspring. Almost half of these women experienced other APS features, but not three consecutive miscarriages. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02518-7.
Published: 2021

11. Defective palmitoylation of transferrin receptor triggers iron overload in Friedreich ataxia fibroblasts

Author: Olivier Hermine, Agnès Rötig, Anthony Drecourt, Michael Dussiot, Arnold Munnich, Floriane Petit, Coralie Zangarelli, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Biogenèse et pathologies du globule rouge (Labex Gr-Ex), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Iron Overload, Ataxia, Iron, Lipoylation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Coenzyme A, Immunology, Transferrin receptor, Mitochondrion, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Palmitoylation, Antigens, CD, Receptors, Transferrin, medicine, Humans, Cells, Cultured, biology, Chemistry, Cell Biology, Hematology, Fibroblasts, Mitochondria, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Cytosol, 030104 developmental biology, Friedreich Ataxia, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Frataxin, biology.protein, medicine.symptom, Trinucleotide repeat expansion
Abstract: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a frequent autosomal recessive disease caused by a GAA repeat expansion in the FXN gene encoding frataxin, a mitochondrial protein involved in iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis. Resulting frataxin deficiency affects ISC-containing proteins and causes iron to accumulate in the brain and heart of FRDA patients. Here we report on abnormal cellular iron homeostasis in FRDA fibroblasts inducing a massive iron overload in cytosol and mitochondria. We observe membrane transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) accumulation, increased TfR1 endocytosis, and delayed Tf recycling, ascribing this to impaired TfR1 palmitoylation. Frataxin deficiency is shown to reduce coenzyme A (CoA) availability for TfR1 palmitoylation. Finally, we demonstrate that artesunate, CoA, and dichloroacetate improve TfR1 palmitoylation and decrease iron overload, paving the road for evidence-based therapeutic strategies at the actionable level of TfR1 palmitoylation in FRDA.
Published: 2021

12. Intramuscular Vaccination in Adults with Therapeutic Anticoagulation in the Era of COVID-19 Vaccines Outbreak: A Practical Review

Author: Tristan Mirault, David Lebeaux, Nicolas Gendron, Christine Le Beller, Brigitte Sabatier, Luc Darnige, Benjamin Planquette, Agnès Lillo-Le Louët, Olivier Sanchez, Lina Khider, Germain Perrin, David M. Smadja, GHU AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, Université de Paris (UP), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires (PHERE (UMR_S_1152 / U1152)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase (IThEM - U1140), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), F-Crin Innovte [CHU Saint-Etienne], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and PERRIN, Germain
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), MEDLINE, Outbreak, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 3. Good health, Vaccination, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, RC666-701, medicine, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, business, Letter to the Editor, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

13. Parents' ratings of post-discharge healthcare for their children born very preterm and their suggestions for improvement

Author: Luc J. I. Zimmermann, Anna-Veera Seppänen, Jennifer Zeitlin, Elizabeth S Draper, Stavros Petrou, Henrique Barros, Marina Cuttini, Liis Toome, Priscille Sauvegrain, Rym El Rafei, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Collège doctoral [Sorbonne universités], Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Maternité, Chirurgie Gynécologique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Leicester, Tallinn Children's Hospital [Tallinn, Estonia], University of Tartu, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick [Coventry], Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidade do Porto, European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants [Munich, Germany] (EFCNI), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù [Roma], The research received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 633724. A.-V.S. has a doctoral contract funded by Sorbonne Université Collège Doctoral, Paris, France., SHIPS Research Group: J Lebeer, P Van Reempts, E Bruneel, E Cloet, A Oostra, E Ortibus, I Sarrechia, K Boerch, P Pedersen, L Toome, H Varendi, M Männamaa, P-Y Ancel, A Burguet, P-H Jarreau, V Pierrat, A Nuytten, R F Maier, M Zemlin, B Misselwitz, L Wohlers, M Cuttini, I Croci, V Carnielli, G Ancora, G Faldella, F Ferrari, A van Heijst, C Koopman-Esseboom, J Gadzinowski, J Mazela, A Montgomery, T Pikuła, H Barros, R Costa, C Rodrigues, U Aden, E S Draper, A Fenton, S J Johnson, S Mader, N Thiele, J M Pfeil, S Petrou, J Zeitlin, A Aubert, C Bonnet, R El Rafei, A-V Seppänen, European Project: 633724,H2020,H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage,SHIPS(2015), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Collège Doctoral, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Oxford, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Kindergeneeskunde, MUMC+: MA Niet Med Staf Onderz Beh Kindergeneeskunde (9), RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, The SHIPS Research Group, Seppanen, Anna-Veera, and Screening to improve Health In very Preterm infantS in Europe - SHIPS - - H20202015-09-01 - 2018-08-31 - 633724 - VALID
Subjects: COUNTRIES, medicine.medical_specialty, BIRTH-RATES, SATISFACTION, media_common.quotation_subject, Cerebral palsy, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cohort Study, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, MESH: Child, Health care, MESH: Preterm Birth, Medicine, Psychology, media_common, Selection bias, Response rate (survey), RISK, OUTCOMES, MESH: Health Services, BARRIERS, business.industry, Medical record, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, SERVICES, medicine.disease, EXPERIENCES, 3. Good health, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Family medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human medicine, Thematic analysis, QUALITY-OF-CARE, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cohort study
Abstract: Background Follow-up of very preterm infants is essential for reducing risks of health and developmental problems and relies on parental engagement. We investigated parents’ perceptions of post-discharge healthcare for their children born very preterm in a European multi-country cohort study. Methods Data come from a 5-year follow-up of an area-based cohort of births Results Questionnaires were returned for 3635 children (53.8% response rate). Care was rated as poor/fair for 14.2% [from 6.1% (France) to 31.6% (Denmark)]; rates were higher when children had health or developmental problems (e.g. cerebral palsy (34.4%) or epilepsy (36.9%)). From 971 responses, 4 themes and 25 subthemes concerning care improvement were identified. Conclusions Parents’ experiences provide guidance for improving very preterm children’s post-discharge care; this is a priority for children with health and developmental problems as parental dissatisfaction was high. Impact In a European population-based very preterm birth cohort, parents rated post-discharge healthcare as poor or fair for 14.2% of children, with a wide variation (6.1–31.6%) between countries. Dissatisfaction was reported in over one-third of cases when children had health or developmental difficulties, such as epilepsy or cerebral palsy. Parents’ free-text suggestions for improving preterm-related post-discharge healthcare were similar across countries; these focused primarily on better communication with parents and better coordination of care. Parents’ lived experiences are a valuable resource for understanding where care improvements are needed and should be included in future research.
Published: 2021

14. Association of peripartum management and high maternal blood loss at cesarean delivery for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS)

Author: Schwickert, Alexander, Beekhuizen, Heleen J. Van, Bertholdt, Charline, Fox, Karin A., Kayem, Gilles, Morel, Olivier, Rijken, Marcus J., Stefanovic, Vedran, Strindfors, Gita, Weichert, Alexander, Weizsaecker, Katharina, Braun, Thorsten, Calda, Pavel, Chalubinski, Kinga M., Chantraine, Frederic, Collins, Sally, Duvekot, Johannes J., Gronbeck, Lene, Henrich, Wolfgang, Martinelli, Pasquale, Mhallem Gziri, Mina, Morlando, Maddalena, Nonnenmacher, Andreas, Paavonen, Jorma, Pateisky, Petra, Petit, Philippe, Ropacka, Mariola, Tikkanen, Minna, International Society For Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS‐PAS), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Service d'Obstétrique et de Gynécologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique et Interventionnelle (IADI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Baylor College of Medecine, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University Medical Center [Utrecht], University of Helsinki, Stockholm South Hospital, Medicine Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc [Bruxelles], University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Helsinki University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland] (PUMS), Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BIRKER, Juliette, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Management, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynecological Oncology, and Obstetrics & Gynecology
Subjects: Databases, Factual, medicine.medical_treatment, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Blood Loss, Surgical, Uterotonic, high&#8208, Conservative Treatment, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Pregnancy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Embolization, hysterectomy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Europe, medicine.anatomical_structure, postpartum hemorrhage, Female, cesarean, Tranexamic acid, 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, placenta, Placenta accreta, Placenta Percreta, high-risk pregnancy, Placenta Accreta, [SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, [SDV.IB.MN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, abnormally invasive placenta, Placenta, risk pregnancy, medicine, Peripartum Period, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, Patient Care Team, Hysterectomy, business.industry, Cesarean Section, uterine scar, medicine.disease, Arterial occlusion, United States, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) carries a high burden of adverse maternal outcomes, especially significant blood loss, which can be life-threatening. Different management strategies have been proposed but the association of clinical risk factors and surgical management options during cesarean delivery with high blood loss is not clear. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this international multicenter study, 338 women with PAS undergoing cesarean delivery were included. Fourteen European and one non-European center (USA) provided cases treated retrospectively between 2008 and 2014 and prospectively from 2014 to 2019. Peripartum blood loss was estimated visually and/or by weighing and measuring of volume. Participants were grouped based on blood loss above or below the 75th percentile (>3500 ml) and the 90th percentile (>5500 ml). RESULTS: Placenta percreta was found in 58% of cases. Median blood loss was 2000 ml (range: 150-20 000 ml). Unplanned hysterectomy was associated with an increased risk of blood loss >3500 ml when compared with planned hysterectomy (adjusted OR [aOR] 3.7 [1.5-9.4], p = 0.01). Focal resection was associated with blood loss comparable to that of planned hysterectomy (crude OR 0.7 [0.2-2.1], p = 0.49). Blood loss >3500 ml was less common in patients undergoing successful conservative management (placenta left in situ, aOR 0.1 [0.0-0.6], p = 0.02) but was more common in patients who required delayed hysterectomy (aOR 6.5 [1.7-24.4], p = 0.001). Arterial occlusion methods (uterine or iliac artery ligation, embolization or intravascular balloons), application of uterotonic medication or tranexamic acid showed no significant effect on blood loss >3500 ml. Patients delivered by surgeons without experience in PAS were more likely to experience blood loss >3500 ml (aOR 3.0 [1.4-6.4], p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In pregnant women with PAS, the likelihood of blood loss >3500 ml was reduced in planned vs unplanned cesarean delivery, and when the surgery was performed by a specialist experienced in the management of PAS. This reinforces the necessity of delivery by an expert team. Conservative management was also associated with less blood loss, but only if successful. Therefore, careful patient selection is of great importance. Our study showed no consistent benefit of other adjunct measures such as arterial occlusion techniques, uterotonics or tranexamic acid.
Published: 2021

15. Episomal HPV16 responsible for aggressive and deadly metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma evidenced in peripheral blood

Author: Julien Puech, Marie-Laure Lucas, Simon Pernot, Raphael Vernet, David Veyer, Laurence Weiss, Cécile Badoual, Bastien Rance, Nicolas Robillard, Hélène Péré, Laurent Bélec, Sonia Lameiras, Alain Nicolas, Maxime Wack, Juliette Pavie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER, Hôtel-Dieu, Institut du Fer à Moulin (IFM - Inserm U1270 - SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Curie [Paris], Dynamique de l'information génétique : bases fondamentales et cancer (DIG CANCER), Institut Curie [Paris]-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Immunologie humaine, physiopathologie & immunothérapie (HIPI (UMR_S_976 / U976)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Science, Context (language use), Virus, Article, Metastasis, Tumour biomarkers, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Biopsy, Carcinoma, Medicine, Humans, Tumour virus infections, Neoplasm Metastasis, Prospective cohort study, Retrospective Studies, Whole genome sequencing, Human papillomavirus 16, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Papillomavirus Infections, Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, virus diseases, Translational research, medicine.disease, Anus Neoplasms, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, business, Biomarkers
Abstract: Archival tissue samples collected longitudinally from a patient who died from HPV16-induced high-grade anal intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma with vertebral HPV16–positive metastasis were retrospectively analyzed by the Capture-HPV method (Capt-HPV) followed by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Full length nucleotide sequences of the same HPV16 were identified from the initial and second anal biopsy samples, from plasma sample and from vertebral metastasis biopsy. Remarkably, HPV was episomal in each sample. The HPV genome sequence was closest to the HPV16 Qv18158E variant subtype (A1 lineage) exhibiting base substitutions and deletions in 7 and 2 HPV loci, respectively. In conclusion, the powerful Capt-HPV followed by NGS allows evidencing the detailed cartography of tumoral and circulating HPV DNA, giving rise to a unique and unexpected episomal virus molecular status in a context of aggressive carcinoma, underlying the importance of HPV status and its association with clinical features for further prospective studies.
Published: 2021

16. p53 activation during ribosome biogenesis regulates normal erythroid differentiation

Author: François Morlé, Stéphane Giraudier, Eric Soler, Naomi Taylor, Charlotte Andrieu-Soler, Olivier Hermine, Patrick Mayeux, Célia Floquet, Rose Ann Padua, Frédérique Verdier, Sarah Ducamp, Michaela Fontenay, Mohammad Salma, Elisabeth M. Cramer-Borde, Ismael Boussaid, Anna Raimbault, Isabelle Hatin, Diane d'Allard, Amandine Houvert, Narla Mohandas, Boris Guyot, Emilie-Fleur Gautier, Sandrina Kinet, Marjorie Leduc, Pierre-Emmanuel Gleizes, Jean-Jacques Diaz, Salomé Le Goff, François Guillonneau, Nathalie Montel-Lehry, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Plateforme protéomique 3P5 [Institut Cochin] (3P5), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique, Structure et Traduction (GST), Département Biologie des Génomes (DBG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Biogenèse et pathologies du globule rouge (Labex Gr-Ex), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique : émergence, environnement et recherche translationnelle [Paris] ((UMR_S1131 / U1131)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), New York Blood Center, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, ANR-18-IDEX-0001,Université de Paris,Université de Paris(2018), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, Ribosome biogenesis, Biology, Biochemistry, Ribosome, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Erythroid Cells, Downregulation and upregulation, Transcription (biology), Ribosomal protein, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Animals, Humans, Erythropoiesis, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Organelle Biogenesis, RNA, Cell Differentiation, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Organelle biogenesis, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Ribosomes
Abstract: The role of ribosome biogenesis in erythroid development is supported by the recognition of erythroid defects in ribosomopathies in both Diamond-Blackfan anemia and 5q− syndrome. Whether ribosome biogenesis exerts a regulatory function on normal erythroid development is still unknown. In the present study, a detailed characterization of ribosome biogenesis dynamics during human and murine erythropoiesis showed that ribosome biogenesis is abruptly interrupted by the decline in ribosomal DNA transcription and the collapse of ribosomal protein neosynthesis. Its premature arrest by the RNA Pol I inhibitor CX-5461 targeted the proliferation of immature erythroblasts. p53 was activated spontaneously or in response to CX-5461, concomitant to ribosome biogenesis arrest, and drove a transcriptional program in which genes involved in cell cycle–arrested, negative regulation of apoptosis, and DNA damage response were upregulated. RNA Pol I transcriptional stress resulted in nucleolar disruption and activation of the ATR-CHK1-p53 pathway. Our results imply that the timing of ribosome biogenesis extinction and p53 activation is crucial for erythroid development. In ribosomopathies in which ribosome availability is altered by unbalanced production of ribosomal proteins, the threshold downregulation of ribosome biogenesis could be prematurely reached and, together with pathological p53 activation, prevents a normal expansion of erythroid progenitors.
Published: 2021

17. Restrictive vs liberal red blood cell transfusion strategies in patients with acute myocardial infarction and anemia: Rationale and design of the <scp>REALITY</scp> trial

Author: Johanne Silvain, Manuel Martínez-Sellés, Reality Investigators, Gonzalo Calvo, Eric Vicaut, Nicolas Danchin, Cristina Avendaño-Solá, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Gregory Ducrocq, Joan Albert Arnaiz, Alexandra Rousseau, José Ramón González-Juanatey, Carma Karam, Marine Cachanado, Tabassome Simon, Etienne Puymirat, Gilles Lemesle, Isabelle Durand-Zaleski, Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, University of Barcelona, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Institut Coeur Poumon [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), CEREST-TC [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé PI15/01543 Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII Novartis AstraZeneca France Boehringer Ingelheim Pfizer Merck, The study is funded via a grant from the Programme de Recherche Médico‐Economique (PRME) from the French Ministry of Health, and a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness), Grant n° PI15/01543., Editorial support was provided by Jenny Lloyd and Sophie Rushton‐Smith, MedLink Healthcare Communications, London, and was funded by the Programme de Recherche Medico‐Economique (PRME) from the Health Ministry in France., Dr Steg reports grants and nonfinancial support (cochair of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial, as such, he received no personal fees, but his institution has received funding for the time he has devoted to trial coordination, and he has received support for travel related to trial meetings) from Sanofi, research grants and personal fees from Bayer (Steering Committee MARINER, grant for epidemiological study), Merck (speaker fees, grant for epidemiological studies), Sanofi (cochair of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial, cochair of the SCORED trial, consulting, speaking), Servier (Chair of the CLARIFY registry, grant for epidemiological research), and Amarin (executive steering committee for the REDUCE‐IT trial [Disease Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl‐Intervention Trial], consulting), and and personal fees from Amgen, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Lilly, and AstraZeneca. Dr Steg also has a European application number/patent number, issued on 26 October 2016 (no. 15712241.7), for a method for reducing cardiovascular risk.
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Anemia, Cost effectiveness, medicine.medical_treatment, Trial Designs, Enfermedad cardiovascular, Myocardial Infarction, Ischemia, acute myocardial infarction, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Revascularization, Hemoglobins, Tratamiento médico, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Reacción a la transfusión, Humans, Medicine, Blood Transfusion, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, transfusion, Sistema cardiovascular, Transfusión sanguínea, cost effectiveness, business.industry, Insuficiencia cardíaca, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Sample size determination, Relative risk, Emergency medicine, Erythrocyte Transfusion, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Mace
Abstract: Background: Anemia is common in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and is an independent predictor of mortality. The optimal transfusion strategy in these patients is unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a "restrictive" transfusion strategy (triggered by hemoglobin ≤8 g/dL) is clinically noninferior to a "liberal" transfusion strategy (triggered by hemoglobin ≤10 g/dL), but is less costly. Methods: REALITY is an international, randomized, multicenter, open-label trial comparing a restrictive vs a liberal transfusion strategy in patients with AMI and anemia. The primary outcome is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) at 30 days, using the primary composite clinical outcome of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; comprising all-cause death, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarction, or emergency revascularization prompted by ischemia) as the effectiveness criterion. Secondary outcomes include the ICER at 1 year, and MACE (and its components) at 30 days and at 1 year. Results: The trial aimed to enroll 630 patients. Based on estimated event rates of 11% in the restrictive group and 15% in the liberal group, this number will provide 80% power to demonstrate clinical noninferiority of the restrictive group, with a noninferiority margin corresponding to a relative risk equal to 1.25. The sample size will also provide 80% power to show the cost-effectiveness of the restrictive strategy at a threshold of €50 000 per quality-adjusted life year. Conclusions: REALITY will provide important guidance on the management of patients with AMI and anemia. Sin financiación 3.287 JCR (2021) Q3, 74/143 Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems 0.983 SJR (2021) Q1, 82/356 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine No data IDR 2021 UEM
Published: 2021

18. A cross-sectional study of 502 patients found a diffuse hyperechoic kidney medulla pattern in patients with severe gout

Author: N.H. Le, Thomas Bardin, Khoy M. Tran, Quang D. Nguyen, Pascal Richette, Mathieu Resche-Rigon, Jean-Michel Correas, Minh Duc Do, Emmanuel Letavernier, Biologie de l'Os et du Cartilage : Régulations et Ciblages Thérapeutiques (BIOSCAR (UMR_S_1132 / U1132)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Lariboisière], Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Des Maladies Rénales Rares aux Maladies Fréquentes, Remodelage et Réparation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service d'Explorations fonctionnelles multidisciplinaires [CHU Tenon], CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de radiologie [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Equipe 2 : ECSTRA - Epidémiologie Clinique, STatistique, pour la Recherche en Santé (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Service de biostatistique et information médicale de l’hôpital Saint Louis (Equipe ECSTRA) (SBIM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, 0301 basic medicine, renal ultrasonography, medicine.medical_specialty, estimated glomerular filtration rate, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030232 urology & nephrology, Urology, Renal function, Hyperuricemia, MESH: Uric Acid, Nephropathy, 03 medical and health sciences, gout, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Arthropathy, medicine, Humans, MESH: Kidney Medulla, Kidney Medulla, Univariate analysis, microcrystalline nephropathy, MESH: Humans, Proteinuria, business.industry, MESH: Gout, Echogenicity, MESH: Hyperuricemia, medicine.disease, Uric Acid, 3. Good health, Gout, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Nephrology, medicine.symptom, business, chronic kidney disease
Abstract: International audience; We have previously shown that ultrasonography can detect hyperechogenic crystal deposits in the kidney medulla of patients with gout. In this cross-sectional study we investigated the frequency and clinical correlates of hyperechogenic kidney medulla in 502 consecutive primary consultants for gout (ACR/EULAR criteria) at the Vien Gut medical center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. None of these patients received urate-lowering drugs. Kidney medulla echogenicity on B-mode ultrasonography was compared to that of the kidney cortex. Overall, 36% patients showed a hyperechoic pattern of Malpighi pyramids. On univariate analysis, the pattern was significantly associated with age, estimated gout duration, steroid-dependency, clinical tophi, urate arthropathy, double contour thickness at the scanned joints, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, hyperuricemia, proteinuria, leukocyturia, and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. On multivariable analysis, the hyperechoic pattern was associated with estimated disease duration, clinical tophi, urate arthropathy, double contour thickness and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. No hyperechoic pattern was observed in 515 consecutive consultants without gout. Thus, hyperechoic kidney medulla was frequently demonstrated in Vietnamese patients with tophaceous gout and associated with features of tubulointerstitial nephritis. This finding revives the hypothesis of microcrystalline nephropathy of gout, predominantly seen in untreated gouty patients, which could be an important target for urate-lowering therapy.
Published: 2021

19. Development and evaluation of a new dietary index assessing nutrient security by aggregating probabilistic estimates of the risk of nutrient deficiency in two French adult populations

Author: Hélène Fouillet, Serge Hercberg, François Mariotti, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Mathilde Touvier, Marion Salomé, Jean-François Huneau, Mariotti, François, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Adult, Sociodemographic Factors, Micronutrient deficiency, Index (economics), 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Population, Nutritional Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), Distribution (economics), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Lower risk, Diet Surveys, Nutritional security, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nutrient, Environmental health, Humans, Dietary index, education, Nutrition, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Construct validity, Nutrients, Micronutrient, Diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food, Food Security, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Although micronutrient deficiencies affect 2 billion people worldwide, no index focuses on measuring the risk of overt nutrient deficiency. We aimed to develop an index that could capture the nutrient dimension of nutritional security, a nutrient security index (named SecDiet), and evaluate its apparent validity. The SecDiet (range: 0–1) is based on the square-weighted average of the probabilities that the intake of twelve critical nutrients exceeds the threshold value associated with a risk of overt deficiency. Using adult populations from a French representative survey (INCA3, n 1774) and a large cohort (NutriNet-Santé, n 104 382), the content and construct validity of the SecDiet was evaluated by estimating associations of the SecDiet with its components and with relevant socio-demographic characteristics. The SecDiet was high in the overall population (0·93 (SD 0·09) in INCA3) and markedly skewed towards 1 (i.e. lower risk of insufficient intake). It correlated positively with its twelve components (r 0·17–0·78, all P < 0·001). The SecDiet was associated with monthly income (P = 0·002), perception of financial situation, professional situation, food insufficiency and security statuses (all P < 0·001) in the INCA3 population and with monthly income, professional situation and level of education (all P < 0·001) in the NutriNet-Santé population. Unlike a broader nutrient-based quality index taken as comparison, the SecDiet mean decreased and the tail of its distribution notably extended downwards in at-risk sub-populations, thus revealing its specific sensitivity. The SecDiet could be used to screen sub-groups or study the determinants of nutrient insecurity in large population surveys.
Published: 2020

20. Characteristics associated with feeding organic foods during complementary feeding: the nationwide Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE) birth cohort

Author: Sophie Nicklaus, Aurore Camier, Camille Davisse-Paturet, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Marie-Aline Charles, Fleur Gaudfernau, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Sandrine Lioret, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Research Agency under the 'Investissements d'avenir' programme + ANR grant (InfaDiet project)., Projet ELFE, ANR-11-EQPX-0038,RE-CO-NAI,Plateforme de REcherche sur les COhortes d'enfants suivis depuis la NAIssance(2011), ANR-19-CE36-0008,InfaDiet,Influence de l'alimentation infantile sur la croissance et le développement de l'enfant(2019), Julien, Sabine, Equipements d'excellence - Plateforme de REcherche sur les COhortes d'enfants suivis depuis la NAIssance - - RE-CO-NAI2011 - ANR-11-EQPX-0038 - EQPX - VALID, Influence de l'alimentation infantile sur la croissance et le développement de l'enfant - - InfaDiet2019 - ANR-19-CE36-0008 - AAPG2019 - VALID, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and EFS-Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Food consumption, Medicine (miscellaneous), Family income, organic foods, complementary feeding, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Health and development, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Infant feeding, Multinomial logistic regression, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Family characteristics, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, birth cohort, medicine.disease, infant, 3. Good health, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Breast Feeding, Socioeconomic Factors, Female, Food, Organic, Infant Food, France, Birth cohort, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Organic food consumption and its effects on health remain understudied in adults and in children. The aim of this study was to describe family characteristics associated with feeding infants organic foods during the complementary feeding period. The analysis included 9764 children from the French Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE) birth cohort. In addition to telephone interviews conducted at 2, 12 and 24 months, a monthly questionnaire about milk feeding and complementary foods (including organic foods) was completed by parents between 3 and 10 months. Associations between family characteristics and feeding with organic foods during complementary feeding were analysed by multivariable multinomial logistic regression. Overall, 51 % of infants never consumed organic food during the complementary feeding period (up to 10 months), 24 % sometimes, 15 % often and 9 % always or almost always. As compared with infants never fed organic foods, those ‘often’ or ‘always’ fed organic foods were born to older mothers, with higher education level or family income, and lower pre-pregnancy BMI. As compared with never-smoking women, women who had stopped smoking before pregnancy were more likely to feed their infant organic foods. Feeding with organic foods was also related to long breast-feeding duration and later introduction to complementary foods. To conclude, associations between feeding with organic foods and family socio-economic position as well as infant feeding practices need to be considered when studying the impact of organic foods on children’s health and development.
Published: 2020

21. Variation in very preterm extrauterine growth in a European multicountry cohort

Author: Rym El Rafei, Rolf F. Maier, Mikael Norman, Henrique Barros, Marina Cuttini, Jennifer Zeitlin, Pierre-Henri Jarreau, Pernille Pedersen, Patrick Van Reempts, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Philipps Universität Marburg, University of Antwerp (UA), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre = Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), Hvidovre Hospital, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital [Rome, Italy], European Commission259882733280Sorbonne Universite College Doctoral, Paris, France, EPICE Research Group, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, and Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Birth weight, Population, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Epidemiology, Prevalence, medicine, Birth Weight, Humans, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Body Weights and Measures, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neonatology, education, Analysis of Variance, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, education.field_of_study, Fetal Growth Retardation, Obstetrics, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gestational age, General Medicine, Prognosis, Patient Discharge, 3. Good health, Europe, Infant, Extremely Premature, Relative risk, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Term Birth, Female, Human medicine, business
Abstract: ObjectiveExtrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) among very preterm infants is related to poor neurodevelopment, but lack of consensus on EUGR measurement constrains international research. Our aim was to compare EUGR prevalence in a European very preterm cohort using commonly used measures.DesignPopulation-based observational study.Setting19 regions in 11 European countries.Patients6792 very preterm infants born before 32 weeks’ gestational age (GA) surviving to discharge.Main outcome measuresWe investigated two measures based on discharge-weight percentiles with (1) Fenton and (2) Intergrowth (IG) charts and two based on growth velocity (1) birth weight and discharge-weight Z-score differences using Fenton charts and (2) weight-gain velocity using Patel’s model. We estimated country-level relative risks of EUGR adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics and associations with population differences in healthy newborn size, measured by mean national birth weight at 40 weeks’ GA.ResultsAbout twofold differences in EUGR prevalence were observed between countries for all indicators and these persisted after case-mix adjustment. Discharge weight ConclusionsVery preterm infants have a high prevalence of EUGR, with wide variations between countries in Europe. Variability associated with mean term birth weight when using common postnatal growth charts complicates international benchmarking.
Published: 2020

22. Immune response profiling of patients with spondyloarthritis reveals signalling networks mediating TNF-blocker function in vivo

Author: Menegatti, Silvia, Guillemot, Vincent, Latis, Eleonora, Yahia-Cherbal, Hanane, Mittermüller, Daniela, Rouilly, Vincent, Mascia, Elena, Rosine, Nicolas, Koturan, Surya, Millot, Gaël, Leloup, Claire, Duffy, Darragh, Gleizes, Aude, Hacein-Bey-Abina, Salima, The Milieu Interieur, Consortium, Sellam, Jérémie, Berenbaum, Francis, Miceli-Richard, Corinne, Dougados, Maxime, Bianchi, Elisabetta, Rogge, Lars, Immunorégulation - Immunoregulation, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Immunité et cancer (U932), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Curie [Paris], Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Datactix, Immunologie Translationnelle - Translational Immunology lab, Service de Médecine Interne - Immunologie Clinique [AP-HP Bicêtre], AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé (UTCBS - UM 4 (UMR 8258 / U1022)), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Paris (UP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Equipe 2 : ECSTRA - Epidémiologie Clinique, STatistique, pour la Recherche en Santé (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SM was a scholar of the Pasteur-Paris University (PPU) International PhD programme and supported by a grant from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale. EL was supported by a fellowship from the Université Paris Diderot. This study was Institut Pasteur, the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir Programme, Laboratoire d’Excellence 'Milieu Intérieur' (ANR-10-LABX-69-01), FOREUM Foundation for Research in Rheumatology, the Fondation Arthritis, MSD Avenir (Project iCARE-SpA), a Bourse Passerelle from Pfizer., Milieu Intérieur Consortium: Laurent Abel, Andres Alcover, Hugues Aschard, Kalla Astrom, Philippe Bousso, Pierre Bruhns, Ana Cumano, Caroline Demangel, Ludovic Deriano, James Di Santo, Françoise Dromer, Gérard Eberl, Jost Enninga, Jacques Fellay, Ivo Gomperts-Boneca, Milena Hasan, Serge Hercberg, Olivier Lantz, Hugo Mouquet, Etienne Patin, Sandra Pellegrini, Stanislas Pol, Antonio Rausell, Lars Rogge, Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Olivier Schwartz, Benno Schwikowski, Spencer Shorte, Frédéric Tangy, Antoine Toubert, Mathilde Trouvier, Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer, Darragh Duffy, Matthew L. Albert, Lluis Quintana-Murci., ANR-10-LABX-0069,MILIEU INTERIEUR,GENETIC & ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF IMMUNE PHENOTYPE VARIANCE: ESTABLISHING A PATH TOWARDS PERSONALIZED MEDICINE(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: rheumatoid arthritis, 0301 basic medicine, Chemokine, anti-TNF therapy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, immune system diseases, Immunology, Inflammation, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, TNF inhibitors, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Rheumatology, Immunity, Spondylarthritis, Spondyloarthritis, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Innate immune system, biology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, business.industry, Interleukin, spondylitis, Chemotaxis, 3. Good health, chronic inflammatory diseases, ankylosing, 030104 developmental biology, biological therapy, biology.protein, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Cytokines, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: ObjectivesAntitumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy has revolutionised treatment of several chronic inflammatory diseases, including spondyloarthritis (SpA). However, TNF inhibitors (TNFi) are not effective in all patients and the biological basis for treatment failure remains unknown. We have analysed induced immune responses to define the mechanism of action of TNF blockers in SpA and to identify immunological correlates of responsiveness to TNFi.MethodsImmune responses to microbial and pathway-specific stimuli were analysed in peripheral blood samples from 80 patients with axial SpA before and after TNFi treatment, using highly standardised whole-blood stimulation assays. Cytokines and chemokines were measured in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory, and gene expression was monitored using nCounter assays.ResultsAnti-TNF therapy induced profound changes in patients’ innate immune responses. TNFi action was selective, and had only minor effects on Th1/Th17 immunity. Modular transcriptional repertoire analysis identified prostaglandin E2 synthesis and signalling, leucocyte recirculation, macrophage polarisation, dectin and interleukin (IL)-1 signalling, as well as the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) transcription factor family as key pathways targeted by TNF blockers in vivo. Analysis of induced immune responses before treatment initiation revealed that expression of molecules associated with leucocyte adhesion and invasion, chemotaxis and IL-1 signalling are correlated with therapeutic responses to anti-TNF.ConclusionsWe show that TNFi target multiple immune cell pathways that cooperate to resolve inflammation. We propose that immune response profiling provides new insight into the biology of TNF-blocker action in patients and can identify signalling pathways associated with therapeutic responses to biological therapies.
Published: 2020

23. Absence of association between inflammatory dietary pattern and low trauma fractures: Results of the French cohort NutriNet-Santé

Author: Karine Briot, Julia Herrou, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Chantal Julia, Christian Roux, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Santé Publique [Avicenne], Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Bone Density, Risk Factors, Low-Trauma Fracture, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Retrospective Studies, Nutrition, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, education.field_of_study, Postmenopausal women, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Bone fracture, Dietary pattern, medicine.disease, Inflammatory dietary pattern, Diet, 3. Good health, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, Quartile, Cohort, Spinal Fractures, Female, Low trauma fracture, business, Osteoporotic Fractures
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: The aim of our study was to assess the association between the Alternate Dietary Inflammatory Index (ADII) and the risk of fracture in a French cohort of women and men older than 50 years.Methods: A total of 15,096 participants were included from the French NutriNet-Sante cohort. The ADII score was calculated at inclusion. Incident low trauma fractures were retrospectively self-reported by participants on a specific additional questionnaire. Multivariate hazard ratio obtained from Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to characterize an association between ADII (in quartiles) and incident low trauma fractures.Results: In all, 12,046 participants (7607 (63.2%) women and 4439 (36.8%) men) were included in our study. For fractures, 806 (10.6%) and 191 (4.3%) low trauma fractures were recorded respectively in women and in men. Mean ADII was -1.23 (+/- 3.13) for women and -0.87 (+/- 3.64) for men. No association was detected between the ADII score and the risk of vertebral fracture (P = 0.21), major osteoporotic fracture (P = 0.93) and any low trauma fracture (P = 0.72) in women nor in men (P = 0.06 for major fracture and P = 0.10 for low trauma fracture) after adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle variables and for bone treatments.Conclusion: This study in postmenopausal women and men older than 50 years from the general population did not show any association between inflammatory dietary pattern measured using the ADII and the risk of incident low trauma fracture. (c) 2020 Societe francaise de rhumatologie.
Published: 2020

24. Consensus Guidelines of the French Society of Neuroradiology (SFNR) on the use of Gadolinium-Based Contrast agents (GBCAs) and related MRI protocols in Neuroradiology

Author: René Anxionnat, Myriam Edjlali-Goujon, Suzana Saleme, Hubert Desal, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Stéphane Kremer, Douraied Ben Salem, Claire Boutet, Apolline Kazemi, Gregoire Boulouis, François Cotton, Olivier Clément, Basile Kerleroux, Jérôme Berge, Augustin Lecler, François Lersy, CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de Neuro-Radiologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), CHU Lille, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [Paris], CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gadolinium, Gadolinium-based contrast agents, Contrast Media, chemistry.chemical_element, Neuroimaging, Recommendations, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pituitary adenoma, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neuroradiology, Intracerebral hemorrhage, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Venous thrombosis, chemistry, Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, France, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business, Brain MRI protocols, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are used in up to 35% of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations and are associated with an excellent safety profile. Nevertheless, two main issues have arisen in the last two decades: the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and the risk of gadolinium deposition and retention. As a first step, this article reviews the different categories of GBCAs available in neuroradiology, their issues, and provides updates regarding the use of these agents in routine daily practice. Recent advances in MRI technology, as well as the development of new MRI sequences, have made GBCA injection avoidable in many indications, especially in patients with chronic diseases when iterative MRIs are required and when essential diagnostic information can be obtained without contrast enhancement. These recent advances also lead to changes in recommended MRI protocols. Thus, in a second step, this review focuses on consensus concerning brain MRI protocols in 10 common situations (acute ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral venous thrombosis, multiple sclerosis, chronic headache, intracranial infection, intra- and extra-axial brain tumors, vestibular schwannoma and pituitary adenoma). The latter allowing the standardization of practices in neuroradiology. Recommendations were also made concerning the use of GBCAs in neuroradiology, based on evidence in the literature and/or by consensus between the different coauthors.
Published: 2020

25. Objective understanding of the Nutri-score front-of-pack label by European consumers and its effect on food choices: an online experimental study

Author: Pilar Galan, Chantal Julia, Louise Dréano-Trécant, Valentina A. Andreeva, Marion Gombaud, Serge Hercberg, Manon Egnell, Simone Pettigrew, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Zenobia Talati, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Département de Santé Publique [Avicenne], Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), The George Institute for Global Health [Sydney] (GIGH), The University of Sydney, Sante Publique France, Curtin UniversityFederal Public Service of Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment in Belgium, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Lallemant, Christopher
Subjects: 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous), Behavioural sciences, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Context (language use), Harmonization, Clinical nutrition, Nutrition facts label, Logistic regression, Food choices, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Food choice, Front of pack, lcsh:RC620-627, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Research, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, lcsh:RA1-1270, Front-of-pack nutrition label, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, bjective understanding, Objective understanding, Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, European consumers
Abstract: Background The effectiveness of Front-of-Pack nutrition Labels (FoPLs) may be influenced by national context. In light of the ongoing efforts to harmonize FoPLs across Europe, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of five FoPLs (Health Star Rating system, Multiple Traffic Lights, Nutri-Score, Reference Intakes, Warning symbols) on consumer understanding and food choice in 12 European countries. Methods In 2018–2019, for three food categories, approximately 1000 participants per country were asked to select which food they would prefer to purchase between three products with distinct nutritional quality profiles, and then to rank the products by nutritional quality. Participants (N = 12,391 in total) completed these tasks first with no FoPL and then, after randomization to one of the five FoPLs, with a FoPL on the food packages. Associations between FoPLs and change in (i) nutritional quality of food choices and (ii) ability to correctly rank the products by nutritional quality were assessed with logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of participants, conducted overall and by country. Findings Compared with the Reference Intakes, the Nutri-Score (OR = 3.23[2.75–3.81]; p p Interpretation In the context of FoPL harmonization in Europe, these findings from an online experiment provide insights into the Nutri-Score’s effectiveness on European consumers.
Published: 2020

26. Total and added sugar intakes, sugar types, and cancer risk: results from the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort

Author: Laurent Zelek, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Eloi Chazelas, Pilar Galan, Cédric Agaësse, Mathilde Touvier, Chantal Julia, Paule Latino-Martel, Bernard Srour, Mélanie Deschasaux, Charlotte Debras, Serge Hercberg, Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Santé Publique [Avicenne], Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Dietary Sugars, Medicine (miscellaneous), Type 2 diabetes, Added sugar, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cancer prevention, business.industry, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, medicine.disease, Diet, 3. Good health, Editorial, Quartile, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Background Excessive sugar intake is now recognized as a key risk factor for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, evidence on the sugar-cancer link is less consistent. Experimental data suggest that sugars could play a role in cancer etiology through obesity but also through inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms and insulin resistance, even in the absence of weight gain. Objective The objective was to study the associations between total and added sugar intake and cancer risk (overall, breast, and prostate), taking into account sugar types and sources. Methods In total, 101,279 participants aged >18 y (median age, 40.8 y) from the French NutriNet-Sante prospective cohort study (2009-2019) were included (median follow-up time, 5.9 y). Sugar intake was assessed using repeated and validated 24-h dietary records, designed to register participants' usual consumption for >3500 food and beverage items. Associations between sugar intake and cancer risk were assessed by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for known risk factors (sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, medical history, and nutritional factors). Results Total sugar intake was associated with higher overall cancer risk (n = 2503 cases; HR for quartile 4 compared with quartile 1: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.37; Ptrend = 0.02). Breast cancer risks were increased (n = 783 cases; HRQ4vs.Q1 = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.00; Ptrend = 0.0007). Results remained significant when weight gain during follow-up was adjusted for. In addition, significant associations with cancer risk were also observed for added sugars, free sugars, sucrose, sugars from milk-based desserts, dairy products, and sugary drinks (Ptrend ≤ 0.01). Conclusions These results suggest that sugars may represent a modifiable risk factor for cancer prevention (breast in particular), contributing to the current debate on the implementation of sugar taxation, marketing regulation, and other sugar-related policies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03335644.
Published: 2020

27. Severe COVID-19 is associated with hyperactivation of the alternative complement pathway

Author: David M. Smadja, Jeremy Boussier, Benjamin Terrier, Carine El Sissy, Anne Bergeron, Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Solen Kernéis, Frédéric Pène, Véronique Frémeaux-Bacchi, Luc Mouthon, Jérôme Hadjadj, Frédéric Rieux-Laucat, Nader Yatim, Darragh Duffy, Bruno Charbit, Armance Marchal, Nicolas Carlier, CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Immunologie Translationnelle - Translational Immunology lab, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Cytometrie et Biomarqueurs – Cytometry and Biomarkers (UTechS CB), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Supported by the Fonds IMMUNOV, for Innovation in Immunopathology, the Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm), a government grant managed by the Agence national de la recherche as part of the Investment for the Future program (ANR-10-IAHU-01), and by grants from the Agence national de la recherche (ANR-flash COVID-19 'AIROCovid' and 'CoVarImm'). We also acknowledge funding from the Institut Pasteur for COVID-19 Research and an Institut Imagine MD-PhD Fellowship Program award supported by the Fondation Bettencourt Schueller (to J.H.)., ANR-20-COVI-0022,AIROCovid19,Analyse Omics de la réponse immune aigue au cours de l'infection à Covid19: rationnel moléculaire pour un traitement ciblé(2020), ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), ANR-20-COVI-0053,CoVarImm,Variation de la réponse immune systémique et muqueuse pendant l'infection par le SRAS-CoV-2 et la convalescence(2020), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Vougny, Marie-Christine, Analyse Omics de la réponse immune aigue au cours de l'infection à Covid19: rationnel moléculaire pour un traitement ciblé - - AIROCovid192020 - ANR-20-COVI-0022 - COVID-19 - VALID, Instituts Hospitalo-Universitaires - Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine - - Imagine2010 - ANR-10-IAHU-0001 - IAHU - VALID, and Variation de la réponse immune systémique et muqueuse pendant l'infection par le SRAS-CoV-2 et la convalescence - - CoVarImm2020 - ANR-20-COVI-0053 - COVID-19 - VALID
Subjects: Male, Low protein, Complement Pathway, Alternative, Comorbidity, Severity of Illness Index, immunology, 0302 clinical medicine, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, Lectins, Neoplasms, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Complement Activation, 0303 health sciences, COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019, biology, Brief Report, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, medicine.symptom, Complement system, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, alternative pathway, Inflammation, 03 medical and health sciences, Classical complement pathway, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Properdin, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, C-reactive protein, COVID-19, Complement System Proteins, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Respiration, Artificial, Gene Expression Regulation, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, Alternative complement pathway, biology.protein, hemostasis, business, Complement membrane attack complex, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Background: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by impaired type I interferon activity and a state of hyperinflammation leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The complement system has recently emerged as a key player in triggering and maintaining the inflammatory state, but the role of this molecular cascade in severe COVID-19 is still poorly characterized.Objective: We aimed at assessing the contribution of complement pathways at both the protein and transcriptomic levels.Methods: To this end, we systematically assessed the RNA levels of 28 complement genes in the circulating whole blood of patients with COVID-19 and healthy controls, including genes of the alternative pathway, for which data remain scarce.Results: We found differential expression of genes involved in the complement system, yet with various expression patterns: whereas patients displaying moderate disease had elevated expression of classical pathway genes, severe disease was associated with increased lectin and alternative pathway activation, which correlated with inflammation and coagulopathy markers. Additionally, properdin, a pivotal positive regulator of the alternative pathway, showed high RNA expression but was found at low protein concentrations in patients with a severe and critical disease, suggesting its deposition at the sites of complement activation. Notably, low properdin levels were significantly associated with the use of mechanical ventilation (area under the curve = 0.82; P = .002).Conclusion: This study sheds light on the role of the alternative pathway in severe COVID-19 and provides additional rationale for the testing of drugs inhibiting the alternative pathway of the complement system.
Published: 2022

28. Birth outcomes between 22 and 26 weeks' gestation in national population‐based cohorts from Sweden, England and France

Author: Morgan, Andrei S., Zeitlin, Jennifer, Källén, Karin, Draper, Elizabeth S., Maršál, Karel, Norman, Mikael, Serenius, Fredrik, Buuren, Stef, Johnson, Samantha, Benhammou, Valérie, Pierrat, Véronique, Kaminski, Monique, Foix L'Helias, Laurence, Ancel, Pierre‐Yves, Marlow, Neil, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Leerstoel van Buuren, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University College of London [London] (UCL), Maternité Port-Royal [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Lund University [Lund], University of Leicester, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Uppsala University, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Service de réanimation néonatale et pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], CHU Trousseau [APHP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: neonatal, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, international comparisons, extreme preterm birth, perinatal, survival analysis
Abstract: International audience; Aim: We investigated the timing of survival differences and effects on morbidity for foetuses alive at maternal admission to hospital delivered at 22 to 26 weeks’ gestational age (GA).Methods: Data from the EXPRESS (Sweden, 2004–07), EPICure-2 (England, 2006) and EPIPAGE-2 (France, 2011) cohorts were harmonised. Survival, stratified by GA, was analysed to 112 days using Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression adjusted for population and pregnancy characteristics; neonatal morbidities, survival to discharge and follow-up and outcomes at 2–3 years of age were compared.Results: Among 769 EXPRESS, 2310 EPICure-2 and 1359 EPIPAGE-2 foetuses, 112-day survival was, respectively, 28.2%, 10.8% and 0.5% at 22–23 weeks’ GA; 68.5%, 40.0% and 23.6% at 24 weeks; 80.5%, 64.8% and 56.9% at 25 weeks; and 86.6%, 77.1% and 74.4% at 26 weeks. Deaths were most marked in EPIPAGE-2 before 1 day at 22–23 and 24 weeks GA. At 25 weeks, survival varied before 28 days; differences at 26 weeks were minimal. Cox analyses were consistent with the Kaplan-Meier analyses. Variations in morbidities were not clearly associated with survival.Conclusion: Differences in survival and morbidity outcomes for extremely preterm births are evident despite adjustment for background characteristics. No clear relationship was identified between early mortality and later patterns of morbidity.
Published: 2022

29. Association of Self-reported COVID-19 Infection and SARS-CoV-2 Serology Test Results with Persistent Physical Symptoms among French Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author: Gianluca Severi, Fabrice Carrat, Clément Gouraud, Hélène Blanché, Marcel Goldberg, Olivier Robineau, Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, Emmanuel Wiernik, Xavier de Lamballerie, Jean-François Deleuze, Mathilde Touvier, Joane Matta, Marie Zins, Brigitte Ranque, Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Paris (UP), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Fondation Jean Dausset - Centre d’Etudes du Polymorphisme Humain [Paris] (CEPH), Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Corentin Celton [Issy-les-Moulineaux], Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), ANR-10-COHO-06, ANR-20-COVI-000, 20RR052-00, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp and Dohme, MSD, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: 20DMIA014-0, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM: C20-26, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé, H. Lundbeck A/S, Funding/Support: The CONSTANCES cohort benefits from grant ANR-11-INBS-0002 from the French National Research Agency. CONSTANCES is supported by the Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Maladie, the French Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Research, and the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM). CONSTANCES is also partly funded by AstraZeneca, Lundbeck, L’Oréal, and Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. The Santé, Pratiques, Relations et Inégalités Socials en Population Générale Pendant la Crise COVID-19 (SAPRIS) and SAPRIS-Sérologie (SERO) study was supported by grants ANR-10-COHO-06 and ANR-20-COVI-000 from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, grant 20DMIA014-0 from Santé Publique France, grant 20RR052-00 from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, and grant C20-26 from INSERM., reported personal fees and nonfinancial support from Gilead, ViiV Healthcare, and Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp outside the submitted work. Dr Carrat reported personal fees from Sanofi outside the submitted work. Dr de Lamballerie reported grants from the French Ministry of Research and the French Institute of Health and Medical Research during the conduct of the study. Dr Hoertel reported personal fees and nonfinancial support, Santé, Pratiques, Relations et Inégalités Sociales en Population Générale Pendant la Crise COVID-19–Sérologie (SAPRIS-SERO) Study Group: Sofiane Kab, Adeline Renuy, Stephane Le-Got, Celine Ribet, Emmanuel Wiernik, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Fanny Artaud, Pascale Gerbouin-Rérolle, Mélody Enguix, Camille Laplanche, Roselyn Gomes-Rima, Lyan Hoang, Emmanuelle Correia, Alpha Amadou Barry, Nadège Senina, Gianluca Severi, Julien Allegre, Fabien Szabo de Edelenyi, Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo, Younes Esseddik, Serge Hercberg, Mathilde Touvier, Marie-Aline Charles, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Valérie Benhammou, Anass Ritmi, Laetitia Marchand, Cécile Zaros, Elodie Lordmi, Adriana Candea, Sophie de Visme, Thierry Simeon, Xavier Thierry, Bertrand Geay, Marie-Noelle Dufourg, Karen Milcent, Delphine Rahib, Nathalie Lydie, Clovis Lusivika-Nzinga, Gregory Pannetier, Nathanael Lapidus, Isabelle Goderel, Céline Dorival, Jérôme Nicol, Fabrice Carrat, Cindy Lai, Liza Belhadji, Hélène Esperou, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Jean-Marie Gagliolo, Hélène Blanché, Jean-Marc Sébaoun, Jean-Christophe Beaudoin, Laetitia Gressin, Valérie Morel, Ouissam Ouili, Jean-François Deleuze, Laetitia Ninove, Stéphane Priet, Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel, Toscane Fourié, Souand Mohamed Ali, Abdenour Amroun, Morgan Seston, Nazli Ayhan, Boris Pastorino, Xavier de Lamballerie, ANR-11-INBS-0002,CONSTANCES,La cohorte CONSTANCES - Infrastructure épidémiologique ouverte pour la recherche et la surveillance(2011), ANR-10-COHO-0006,E4N,Etude Epidémiologique des Enfants de femmes de l'Education Nationale(2010), ANR-20-COVI-0009,SAPRIS,Santé, perception, pratiques, relations et inégalités sociales en population générale pendant la crise COVID-19(2020), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), HAL UVSQ, Équipe, Infrastructures - La cohorte CONSTANCES - Infrastructure épidémiologique ouverte pour la recherche et la surveillance - - CONSTANCES2011 - ANR-11-INBS-0002 - INBS - VALID, Cohortes - Etude Epidémiologique des Enfants de femmes de l'Education Nationale - - E4N2010 - ANR-10-COHO-0006 - COHO - VALID, and Santé, perception, pratiques, relations et inégalités sociales en population générale pendant la crise COVID-19 - - SAPRIS2020 - ANR-20-COVI-0009 - COVID-19 - VALID
Subjects: education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Disease, Odds ratio, Logistic regression, Serology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical research, Quality of life, Internal medicine, Cohort, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Educational Measurement, education, business, Original Investigation
Abstract: International audience; Importance: After an infection by SARS-CoV-2, many patients present with persistent physical symptoms that may impair their quality of life. Beliefs regarding the causes of these symptoms may influence their perception and promote maladaptive health behaviors. Objective: To examine the associations of self-reported COVID-19 infection and SARS-CoV-2 serology test results with persistent physical symptoms (eg, fatigue, breathlessness, or impaired attention) in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participants: Participants in this cross-sectional analysis were 26823 individuals from the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, included between 2012 and 2019, who took part in the nested SAPRIS and SAPRIS-SERO surveys. Between May and November 2020, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Between December 2020 and January 2021, the participants reported whether they believed they had experienced COVID-19 infection and had physical symptoms during the previous 4 weeks that had persisted for at least 8 weeks. Participants who reported having an initial COVID-19 infection only after completing the serology test were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures: Logistic regressions for each persistent symptom as the outcome were computed in models including both self-reported COVID-19 infection and serology test results and adjusting for age, sex, income, and educational level. Results: Of 35852 volunteers invited to participate in the study, 26823 (74.8%) with complete data were included in the present study (mean [SD] age, 49.4 [12.9] years; 13731 women [51.2%]). Self-reported infection was positively associated with persistent physical symptoms, with odds ratios ranging from 1.39 (95% CI, 1.03-1.86) to 16.37 (95% CI, 10.21-26.24) except for hearing impairment (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.82-2.55) and sleep problems (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.89-1.46). A serology test result positive for SARS-COV-2 was positively associated only with persistent anosmia (odds ratio, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.66-4.46), even when restricting the analyses to participants who attributed their symptoms to COVID-19 infection. Further adjusting for self-rated health or depressive symptoms yielded similar results. There was no significant interaction between belief and serology test results. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this cross-sectional analysis of a large, population-based French cohort suggest that persistent physical symptoms after COVID-19 infection may be associated more with the belief in having been infected with SARS-CoV-2 than with having laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Further research in this area should consider underlying mechanisms that may not be specific to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A medical evaluation of these patients may be needed to prevent symptoms due to another disease being erroneously attributed to "long COVID.".
Published: 2022

30. Review: Quality of animal-source foods

Author: Florence Lefèvre, B. Lebret, S. Le Perchec, Pierre-Sylvain Mirade, Catherine Donnars, Pierre Sans, Agnès Girard, Fabrice Pierre, S. Prache, B. Martin, Antoine Clinquart, M. Raulet, Laurent Guillier, Didier Rémond, Joël Gautron, Véronique Santé-Lhoutellier, C. Adamiec, P.E. Bouillot, E. Baéza-Campone, E. Fourat, Thierry Astruc, Cyril Feidt, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Isabelle Souchon, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire [Liège], Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Direction pour la Science Ouverte (DipSO), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Direction de l'Expertise scientifique collective, de la Prospective et des Etudes, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This work was carried out with funds from the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food (agreement No 2017-424-2102316438) and the FranceAgriMer agency (agreement No 181911)., La qualité des aliments d'origine animale selon les conditions de production et de transformation. Rapport de l'Expertise scientifique collective, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), and Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Male, Livestock, Meat, Meat packing industry, Swine, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, media_common.quotation_subject, Eggs, Nutritional Status, Dairy, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal source foods, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Animals, Production (economics), Quality (business), Marketing, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Consumption (economics), 0303 health sciences, business.industry, 0402 animal and dairy science, Human health, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, 3. Good health, Fish, Agriculture, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Food processing, Animal Science and Zoology, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: International audience; This article critically reviews the current state of knowledge on the quality of animal-source foods according to animal production and food processing conditions, including consumer expectations-behaviours and the effects of consumption of animal-source foods on human health. Quality has been defined through seven core attributes: safety, commercial, sensory, nutritional, technological, convenience, and image. Image covers ethical, cultural and environmental dimensions associated with the origin of the food and the way it is produced and processed. This framework enabled to highlight the priorities given to the different quality attributes. It also helped to identify potential antagonisms and synergies among quality attributes, between production and processing stages, and among stakeholders. Primacy is essentially given to commercial quality attributes, especially for standard commodity animal-source foods. This primacy has strongly influenced genetic selection and farming practices in all livestock commodity chains and enabled substantial quantitative gains, although at the expense of other quality traits. Focal issues are the destructuration of chicken muscle that compromises sensory, nutritional and image quality attributes, and the fate of males in the egg and dairy sectors, which have heavily specialised their animals. Quality can be gained but can also be lost throughout the farm-to-fork continuum. Our review highlights critical factors and periods throughout animal production and food processing routes, such as on-farm practices, notably animal feeding, preslaughter and slaughter phases, food processing techniques, and food formulation. It also reveals on-farm and processing factors that create antagonisms among quality attributes, such as the castration of male pigs, the substitution of marine-source feed by plant-based feed in fish, and the use of sodium nitrite in meat processing. These antagonisms require scientific data to identify trade-offs among quality attributes and/or solutions to help overcome these tensions. However, there are also food products that value synergies between quality attributes and between production and processing phases, particularly Geographical Indications, such as for cheese and dry-cured ham. Human epidemiological studies have found associations between consumption of animal-source foods and increased or decreased risk for chronic non-communicable diseases. These associations have informed public health recommendations. However, they have not yet considered animal production and food processing conditions. A concerted and collaborative effort is needed from scientists working in animal science, food process engineering, consumer science, human nutrition and epidemiology in order to address this research gap. Avenues for research and main options for policy action are discussed
Published: 2022

31. A new SARS-CoV-2 variant poorly detected by RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal samples, with high lethality: an observational study

Author: Fillâtre, Pierre, Dufour, Marie-José, Behillil, Sylvie, Vatan, Remi, Reusse, Pascale, Gabellec, Alice, Velmans, Nicolas, Montagne, Catherine, Du Coudret, Sophie Geffroy, Droumaguet, Edith, Merour, Véronique, Enouf, Vincent, Buzele, Rodolphe, Valence, Marion, Guillotel, Elena, Gagniere, Bertrand, Baidaliuk, Artem, Zhukova, Anna, Tourdjman, Mathieu, Thibault, V., Grolhier, Claire, Pronier, Charlotte, Lescure, François-Xavier, Simon-Loriere, Etienne, Costagliola, Dominique, Van Der Werf, Sylvie, Tattevin, Pierre, Massart, Nicolas, CHU de Saint-Brieuc, Centre hospitalier Pierre Le Damany - Lannion, Centre hospitalier de Lannion, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Pasteur International Bioresources network (PIBNet), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Génomique évolutive des virus à ARN - Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses, Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), None, We thank Olivia Da Conceicao and Cylia Imekhlaf for their help in collecting data from patients' charts. We would like to thank all the healthcare workers, public health employees, and scientists involved in the COVID-19 response to this outbreak. We acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID (Supplementary Material Table S2). We avoided any direct analysis of genomic data not submitted as part of this paper and used this genomic data only as background. This work used the computational and storage services (Maestro cluster) provided by the IT department at Institut Pasteur, Paris., ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR), Jonchère, Laurent, Virus et Interférence ARN - Viruses and RNA Interference, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Morphogenèse du cœur - Heart morphogenesis (Imagine - Institut Pasteur U1163), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 variants, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS-CoV-2, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], COVID-19, Coronavirus infections, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Humans, Original Article, Severity of illness index / Virology, France, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, COVID-19 / Epidemiology, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Objectives In early January 2021, an outbreak of nosocomial cases of COVID-19 emerged in Western France, with RT-PCR tests repeatedly negative on nasopharyngeal samples but positive on lower respiratory tract samples. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a new variant, currently defining a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage: B.1.616. In March, WHO classified this variant as ‘under investigation’ (VUI). We analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases related to this new variant. Methods Clinical, virological, and radiological data were retrospectively collected from medical charts in the two hospitals involved. We enrolled inpatients with either: i) positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR on a respiratory sample; ii) seroconversion with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM; iii) suggestive symptoms and typical features of COVID-19 on a chest CT scan. Cases were categorized as either: i) B.1.616; ii) variant of concern (VOC); iii) unknown. Results From January 1st to March 24th, 2021, 114 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria: B.1.616 (n=39), VOC (n=32), and unknown (n=43). B.1.616-related cases were older than VOC-related cases (81 years interquartile range [IQR] [73-88], vs 73 years IQR [67-82], P, Graphical abstract Image 1
Published: 2022

32. Population pharmacokinetics and dosing simulations of amoxicillin in obese adults receiving co-amoxiclav

Author: F Mentré, K Hammas, Laurent Massias, Charles Burdet, Anne-Claude Crémieux, G Mellon, Xavier Duval, S Czernichow, C Carette, N El-Helali, Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre d'investigation Clinique [CHU Bichat] - Épidémiologie clinique (CIC 1425), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département d'Epidemiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique (DEBRC), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre hospitalier Saint-Joseph [Paris], Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Teva Pharmaceuticals
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Population, Cmax, Diseases, Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination, Gastroenterology, Absorption, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Oral administration, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Obesity, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Clavulanic Acid, Pharmacology, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Amoxicillin, Anti-Bacterial Agents, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, 3. Good health, Jejunum, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Pharmacodynamics, Median body, Therapy, Drug, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections are more frequent in obese patients and are most often treated by co-amoxiclav, using similar dosing regimens to those used for non-obese subjects. No data are available on amoxicillin pharmacokinetics among obese subjects receiving co-amoxiclav. Materials and methods Prospective, single-centre, open-label, non-randomized, crossover pharmacokinetic trial having enrolled obese otherwise healthy adult subjects. A first dose of co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin/clavulanate 1000/200 mg) was infused IV over 30 min, followed by a second dose (1000/125 mg) administered orally, separated by a washout period of ≥24 h. We assayed concentrations of amoxicillin by a validated ultra HPLC–tandem MS technique. We estimated population pharmacokinetic parameters of amoxicillin by non-linear mixed-effect modelling using the SAEM algorithm developed by Monolix. Results Twenty-seven subjects were included in the IV study, with 24 included in the oral part of the study. Median body weight and BMI were 109.3 kg and 40.6 kg/m2, respectively. Amoxicillin pharmacokinetics were best described by a two-compartment model with first-order elimination. Mean values for clearance, central volume, intercompartmental clearance and peripheral volume were, respectively, 14.6 L/h, 9.0 L, 4.2 L/h and 6.4 L for amoxicillin. Oral bioavailability of amoxicillin was 79.7%. Amoxicillin Cmax after oral administration significantly reduced with weight (P = 0.013). Dosing simulations for amoxicillin predicted that most of the population will achieve the pharmacodynamic target of fT>MIC ≥40% with the regimen of co-amoxiclav 1000/200 mg (IV) or 1000/125 mg (oral) q8h for MICs titrated up to 0.5 mg/L (IV) and 1 mg/L (oral). Conclusions Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic goals for amoxicillin can be obtained in obese subjects.
Published: 2020

33. Emergence of Kawasaki disease related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in an epicentre of the French COVID-19 epidemic: a time-series analysis

Author: Luigi Titomanlio, Kostas Danis, Constance Beyler, Ulrich Meinzer, Stéphane Bonacorsi, Jean Gaschignard, Isabelle Melki, Laure Maurice, Marion Caseris, Albert Faye, Fleur Le Bourgeois, Julie Poline, Audrey Blachier, Patricia Mariani, Naim Ouldali, Maryline Chomton, Robert Cohen, Marie Pouletty, AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Paris (UP), Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE (U1123 / UMR_S_1123)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Paris - UFR Médecine [Santé] (UP Médecine), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine [Santé] (UPCité UFR Médecine), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pneumonia, Viral, Disease, Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome, Article, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Pandemic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, skin and connective tissue diseases, Pandemics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), COVID-19, Outbreak, Retrospective cohort study, Emergency department, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Pneumonia, Phenotype, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Kawasaki disease, Coronavirus Infections, business
Abstract: Summary Background Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile systemic childhood vasculitis, which is suspected to be triggered by respiratory viral infections. We aimed to examine whether the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with an increase in the incidence of Kawasaki disease. Methods We did a quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis over the past 15 years in a tertiary paediatric centre in the Paris region, a French epicentre of the COVID-19 outbreak. The main outcome was the number of Kawasaki disease cases over time, estimated by quasi-Poisson regression. In the same centre, we recorded the number of hospital admissions from the emergency department (2005–2020) and the results of nasopharyngeal multiplex PCR to identify respiratory pathogens (2017–2020). These data were compared with daily hospital admissions due to confirmed COVID-19 in the same region, recorded by Public Health France. Findings Between Dec 1, 2005, and May 20, 2020, we included 230 patients with Kawasaki disease. The median number of Kawasaki disease hospitalisations estimated by the quasi-Poisson model was 1·2 per month (IQR 1·1–1·3). In April, 2020, we identified a rapid increase of Kawasaki disease that was related to SARS-CoV-2 (six cases per month; 497% increase [95% CI 72–1082]; p=0·0011), starting 2 weeks after the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic. SARS-CoV-2 was the only virus circulating intensely during this period, and was found in eight (80%) of ten patients with Kawasaki disease since April 15 (SARS-CoV-2-positive PCR or serology). A second peak of hospital admissions due to Kawasaki disease was observed in December, 2009 (six cases per month; 365% increase ([31–719]; p=0.0053), concomitant with the influenza A H1N1 pandemic. Interpretation Our study further suggests that viral respiratory infections, including SAR-CoV-2, could be triggers for Kawasaki disease and indicates the potential timing of an increase in incidence of the disease in COVID-19 epidemics. Health-care providers should be prepared to manage an influx of patients with severe Kawasaki disease, particularly in countries where the peak of COVID-19 has recently been reached. Funding French National Research Agency.
Published: 2020

34. Daily energy balance and eating behaviour during a 14-day cold weather expedition in Greenland

Author: Cyprien Bourrilhon, Didier Chapelot, Keyne Charlot, Philippe Colin, Laboratoire de Biologie de l'Exercice pour la Performance et la Santé (LBEPS), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Lallemant, Christopher
Subjects: Adult, Male, Hunger, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Physiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, media_common.quotation_subject, Greenland, Reward value, Energy balance, Appetite, Agricultural economics, Food Preferences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Humans, Eating behaviour, Cold weather, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Compensation (psychology), digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Feeding Behavior, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Cold Temperature, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Military Personnel, Arctic, Energy expenditure, Expeditions, Environmental science, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: We assessed energy compensation, appetite, and reward value of foods during a 14-day military expedition in Greenland realized by 12 male French soldiers, during which energy compensation was optimized by providing them with easy-to-eat palatable foods in excess. Although daily energy expenditure (estimated by accelerometry) stayed relatively constant throughout the expedition (15 ± 9 MJ·day−1), energy intake (EI; estimated by self-reported diaries) was 17% higher during the D8–D14 period compared with the D1–D7 period, leading to a neutral energy balance (EB). Body fat mass (BFM) significantly decreased (–1.0 ± 0.7 kg, p < 0.001) but not body mass (BM). Neither hunger scores (assessed by visual analog scales) nor components of the reward value of food (explicit liking (EL) and food preference) were significantly altered. However, changes in EL at D10 were positively correlated with changes in BM (r = 0.600, p < 0.05) and BFM (r = 0.680, p < 0.05) and changes in hunger in the EI of the relevant period (r = 0.743, p < 0.01 for D1–D7, r = 0.652, p < 0.05 for D8–14). This study shows that the negative EB and BM loss can be attenuated by an appropriate food supply and that subjective components of eating behaviour, such as hunger and EL, may be useful to predict the magnitude of energy compensation. Novelty Energy intake increases during of a 14-day expedition in the cold. Energy compensation was likely facilitated by providing participants with easy-to-eat palatable and familiar foods. Hunger scores and EL for energy-dense foods were associated with high EIs and low BM changes.
Published: 2020

35. Ex vivo editing of human hematopoietic stem cells for erythroid expression of therapeutic proteins

Author: Pavani, Giulia, Laurent, Marine, Fabiano, Anna, Cantelli, Erika, Sakkal, Aboud, Corre, Guillaume, Lenting, Peter, Concordet, Jean-Paul, Toueille, Magali, Miccio, Annarita, Amendola, Mario, Généthon, Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Généthon, Hémostase, Inflammation, Thrombose (HITH - U1176 Inserm - CHU Bicêtre), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre)-Université Paris-Saclay, Structure et Instabilité des Génomes (STRING), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chromatin and gene regulation during development (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), We gratefully acknowledge the Conseil Général de l’Essonne (ASTRES) and Genopole Research in Evry for financial help for the purchase of equipment. This work was supported by grants to G.P., Bayer (Hemophilia Awards Program), and M.A., (AFM-Telethon, Inserm and Genopole (Chaire Fondagen)). G.P. was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 (SCIDNET No 666908). A.S. was partially supported by a PhD fellowship from the French Minister of Higher Education, Research and Innovation via University of Evry., European Project: 666908,H2020,H2020-PHC-2015-two-stage,SCIDNET(2016), Chromatin and gene regulation during development, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Bodescot, Myriam, and DevelopIng Genetic medicines for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) - SCIDNET - - H20202016-01-01 - 2019-12-31 - 666908 - VALID
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.HEM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Science, lcsh:Q, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, lcsh:Science
Abstract: International audience; Targeted genome editing has a great therapeutic potential to treat disorders that require protein replacement therapy. To develop a platform independent of specific patient mutations, therapeutic transgenes can be inserted in a safe and highly transcribed locus to maximize protein expression. Here, we describe an ex vivo editing approach to achieve efficient gene targeting in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and robust expression of clinically relevant proteins by the erythroid lineage. Using CRISPR-Cas9, we integrate different transgenes under the transcriptional control of the endogenous α-globin promoter, recapitulating its high and erythroid-specific expression. Erythroblasts derived from targeted HSPCs secrete different therapeutic proteins, which retain enzymatic activity and cross-correct patients' cells. Moreover, modified HSPCs maintain long-term repopulation and multilineage differentiation potential in transplanted mice. Overall, we establish a safe and versatile CRISPR-Cas9-based HSPC platform for different therapeutic applications, including hemophilia and inherited metabolic disorders.
Published: 2020

36. SPCA1 governs the stability of TMEM165 in Hailey-Hailey disease

Author: Marie-Ange Krzewinski-Recchi, S. Miskinyte, Anne Garat, François Foulquier, Alain Hovnanian, Anne-Sophie Roy, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genetic skin diseases : from disease mechanism to therapies (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 (IMPECS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Lille, CNRS, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 [UGSF], Genetic skin diseases : from disease mechanism to therapies [Equipe Inserm U1163], and Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 [IMPECS]
Subjects: Keratinocytes, 0301 basic medicine, Glycosylation, Pemphigus, Benign Familial, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SPCA1, Hailey-Hailey disease, Context (language use), Calcium-Transporting ATPases, Biochemistry, Antiporters, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Golgi, medicine, Humans, Manganese sensitivity, Cation Transport Proteins, Manganese, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Chemistry, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, Golgi apparatus, TMEM165, Subcellular localization, medicine.disease, Transmembrane protein, 3. Good health, Cell biology, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Cytosol, 030104 developmental biology, symbols, Congenital disorder of glycosylation, Homeostasis
Abstract: International audience; TMEM165 is a Golgi protein whose deficiency causes a Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (CDG). We have demonstrated that Mn2+ supplementation could suppress the glycosylation defects observed in TMEM165-deficient cells and that TMEM165 was a Mn2+-sensitive protein. In the Golgi, the other transmembrane protein capable to regulate Mn2+/Ca2+ homeostasis is SPCA1, encoded by the ATP2C1 gene. A loss of one copy of the ATP2C1 gene leads to Hailey-Hailey Disease (HHD), an acantholytic skin disorder in Humans. Our latest results suggest an unexpected functional link between SPCA1 and TMEM165. In order to clarify this link in case of partial SPCA1 deficiency, HHD fibroblasts were used to assess TMEM165 expression, subcellular localization and Mn2+-induced degradation. No differences were observed regarding TMEM165 expression and localization in HHD patients’ fibroblasts compared to control fibroblasts. Nevertheless, we demonstrated both for fibroblasts and keratinocytes that TMEM165 expression is more sensitive to MnCl2 exposure in HHD cells than in control cells. We linked, using ICP-MS and GPP130 as a Golgi Mn2+ sensor, this higher Mn2+-induced sensitivity to a cytosolic Mn accumulation in MnCl2 supplemented HHD fibroblasts. Altogether, these results link the function of SPCA1 to the stability of TMEM165 in a pathological context of Hailey-Hailey disease.
Published: 2020

37. Associations between consumption of dietary fibers and the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, type 2 diabetes, and mortality in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort

Author: Elisa Desmetz, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Mathilde Touvier, Léopold Fezeu, Serge Hercberg, Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo, Chantal Julia, Darragh Duffy, Pilar Galan, Mélanie Deschasaux, Paule Latino-Martel, Valentin Partula, Olivier Lantz, Bernard Srour, Stanislas Mondot, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Eloi Chazelas, Matthew L. Albert, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Immunité et cancer (U932), Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC1428 IGR-CURIE, Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaire Génomique humaine et évolution, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Insitro [San Francisco], Immunobiologie des Cellules dendritiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), NutriNet-Santé study was supported by the following French public institutions: Ministère de la Santé, Santé Publique France, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM) and Université Paris-XIII Nord. The Milieu Intérieur Consortium was supported by French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir Program, Laboratoire d’Excellence 'Milieu Intérieur' Grant ANR-10-LABX-69-01. Valentin Partula was funded by Ph.D. a grant from the Labex Milieu Interieur, and is provided financial support from École doctorale 474 Frontières de l’Innovation en Recherche et Education – Programme Bettencourt., Milieu intérieur, ANR-10-LABX-0069,MILIEU INTERIEUR,GENETIC & ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF IMMUNE PHENOTYPE VARIANCE: ESTABLISHING A PATH TOWARDS PERSONALIZED MEDICINE(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Génomique humaine et évolution, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Paris (UP), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Curie [Paris]
Subjects: Adult, Dietary Fiber, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, prospective cohort, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, dietary fibers, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Vegetables, cancers, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Public health, Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, mortality, cardiovascular diseases, 3. Good health, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fruit, Cohort, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, type 2 diabetes, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND Mounting evidence, yet with varying levels of proof, suggests that dietary fibers (DFs) may exert a protective role against various chronic diseases, but this might depend on the DF type and source. OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to assess the associations between the intake of DFs of different types [total (TDF), soluble (SF), insoluble (IF)] and from different sources (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, potatoes and tubers) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and mortality in the large-scale NutriNet-Sante prospective cohort (2009-2019). METHODS Overall, 107,377 participants were included. Usual DF intake was estimated from validated repeated 24-h dietary records over the first 2 y following inclusion in the cohort. Associations between sex-specific quintiles of DF intake and the risk of chronic diseases and mortality were assessed using multiadjusted Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS T2D risk was inversely associated with TDFs [HR for quintile 5 compared with quintile 1: 0.59 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.82), P-trend
Published: 2020

38. Three Copies of Four Interferon Receptor Genes Underlie a Mild Type I Interferonopathy in Down Syndrome

Author: Anne Sophie Rebillat, Marie Goulet, Darawan Rinchai, Tanwir Habib, Vincent Bondet, Martine Conte, Anne Puel, Clotilde Mircher, Xiao-Fei Kong, Luyan Liu, Puthen V. Jithesh, Arnold Munnich, Laurent Abel, Damien Chaussabel, Stanislas Lyonnet, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Mohammed Elanbari, Emilie Nonnotte, Jacinta Bustamante, Mélanie Migaud, Nicolas Gürtler, Lisa Worley, Stuart G. Tangye, Aimé Ravel, Cindy S. Ma, Darragh Duffy, Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis, St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York], Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), Garvan Institute of Medical Research [Darlinghurst, Australia], St. Vincent’s Clinical School [Sydney, Australia], UNSW Faculty of Medicine [Sydney], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW)-University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Sidra Medical and Research Center [Doha, Qatar], Immunobiologie des Cellules dendritiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Jérôme Lejeune, University Hospital Basel [Basel], Human genetics of infectious diseases: Complex predisposition (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Human genetics of infectious diseases : Mendelian predisposition (Equipe Inserm U1163), Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Embryology and genetics of human malformation (Equipe Inserm U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Fédération de Génétique, Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York] (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), Service d'immuno-hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], X-F.K was supported by the Jerome Lejeune Foundation and Alexander’s Angels Inc. X-F.K is currently a gastroenterology fellow in CUIMC supported by NIH grant T32 DK083256. The Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases is supported by grants from the St. Giles Foundation, the Jeffrey Modell Foundation, The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science grant number UL1TR001866 from the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Sciences (NCATS), the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grants 5R01AI127564 and 5R37AI095983), grants from the Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) and the French National Research Agency (ANR) under the 'Investments for the future' program (ANR-10-IAHU-01), ANR-IFNGPHOX (ANR-13-ISV3-0001-01) and ANR-GENMSMD (ANR-16-CE17-0005-01), LTh-MSMD-CMCD (ANR-18-CE93-0008-01), HGDIFD (ANR-14-CE15-0006-01), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Paris, and The Rockefeller University and the Helmut Horten Foundation., We thank Yanick Crow, Barry Coller, Charlie Rice, James Krueger, and Timothy Wang for helpful discussions and critical reading. We thank Y. Nemirovskaya, T. Kochetkov, M. Romanick, L. Amar, C. Patissier, C. Desvallées, M. Woollett, A. Gall, and J. Gonzalez for technical and secretarial assistance and all members of the Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases for helpful discussions., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), ANR-13-ISV3-0001,IFNGPHOX,L'immunité anti-tuberculeuse dépendante de l'IFN-gamma chez l'homme opère via la NADPH oxydase phagocytaire(2013), ANR-16-CE17-0005,GENMSMD,Dissection génétique de la Susceptibilité Mendélienne aux infections mycobactériennes chez l'homme(2016), ANR-18-CE93-0008,LTh-MSMD-CMCD,Différenciation des lymphocytes T-helper (Th) dans les défauts génétiques de l'immunité contre Mycobacterium et/ou Candida species.(2018), ANR-14-CE15-0006,HGDIFD,Déterminisme génétique des infections fongiques invasives chez l'homme(2014), Garvan Institute of medical research, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Embryology and genetics of human malformation, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Down syndrome, Gene Dosage, Monocytes, JAK-STAT, 0302 clinical medicine, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Interferon, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, STAT1, Child, Receptors, Interferon, B-Lymphocytes, biology, interferonopathy, Chromosome Mapping, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, Middle Aged, Penetrance, interferon receptors, 3. Good health, STAT1 Transcription Factor, Child, Preschool, Interferon Type I, Cytokines, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, Disease Susceptibility, medicine.drug, Adult, Adolescent, Immunology, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Downregulation and upregulation, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Genetic Loci, biology.protein, Transcriptome, business, Chromosome 21, CD8, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by the occurrence of three copies of human chromosome 21 (HSA21). HSA21 contains a cluster of four interferon receptor (IFN-R) genes: IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IFNGR2, and IL10RB. DS patients often develop mucocutaneous infections and autoimmune diseases, mimicking patients with heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) STAT1 mutations, which enhance cellular responses to three types of interferon (IFN). A gene dosage effect at these four loci may contribute to the infectious and autoimmune manifestations observed in individuals with DS. We report high levels of IFN-αR1, IFN-αR2, and IFN-γR2 expression on the surface of monocytes and EBV-transformed-B (EBV-B) cells from studying 45 DS patients. Total and phosphorylated STAT1 (STAT1 and pSTAT1) levels were constitutively high in unstimulated and IFN-α- and IFN-γ-stimulated monocytes from DS patients but lower than those in patients with GOF STAT1 mutations. Following stimulation with IFN-α or -γ, but not with IL-6 or IL-21, pSTAT1 and IFN-γ activation factor (GAF) DNA-binding activities were significantly higher in the EBV-B cells of DS patients than in controls. These responses resemble the dysregulated responses observed in patients with STAT1 GOF mutations. Concentrations of plasma type I IFNs were high in 12% of the DS patients tested (1.8% in the healthy controls). Levels of type I IFNs, IFN-Rs, and STAT1 were similar in DS patients with and without recurrent skin infections. We performed a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis based on principal component analysis and interferon modules on circulating monocytes. We found that DS monocytes had levels of both IFN-α- and IFN-γ-inducible ISGs intermediate to those of monocytes from healthy controls and from patients with GOF STAT1 mutations. Unlike patients with GOF STAT1 mutations, patients with DS had normal circulating Th17 counts and a high proportion of terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells with low levels of STAT1 expression. We conclude a mild interferonopathy in Down syndrome leads to an incomplete penetrance at both cellular and clinical level, which is not correlate with recurrent skin bacterial or fungal infections. The constitutive upregulation of type I and type II IFN-R, at least in monocytes of DS patients, may contribute to the autoimmune diseases observed in these individuals.
Published: 2020

39. Maternal education and offspring birth weight for gestational age: the mediating effect of smoking during pregnancy

Author: Morgane Ballon, Marie-Aline Charles, Laura Pryor, Maria Melchior, Aurélie Nakamura, Fabienne Lesueur, Barbara Heude, Sandrine Lioret, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut Convergences Migrations [Aubervilliers] (IC Migrations)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, Birth weight, Birthweight, Gestational Age, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, 030225 pediatrics, Tobacco Smoking, Birth Weight, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, mediation analysis, Child, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Obstetrics, Smoking, Infant, Newborn, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Gestational age, health inequalities, medicine.disease, Infant mortality, educational attainment, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Small for gestational age, Female, Underweight, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Background Small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight, a risk factor for infant mortality and delayed child development, is associated with maternal educational attainment. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy could contribute to this association. We aimed to quantify the contribution of maternal smoking during pregnancy to social inequalities in child birth weight for gestational age (GA). Methods Data come from the French nation-wide ELFE cohort study, which included 17 155 singletons. Birth weights for GA were calculated using z-scores. Associations between maternal educational attainment, tobacco smoking during pregnancy and child birth weight for GA were ascertained using mediation analysis. Mediation analyses were also stratified by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index. Results Low maternal educational attainment was associated with an increased odd of tobacco smoking during pregnancy [adjusted OR (ORa) = 2.58 (95% CI 2.34–2.84)] as well as a decrease in child birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.98)]. Tobacco smoking during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in offspring birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.76)]. Mediation analysis suggests that 39% of the effect of low maternal educational attainment on offspring birth weight for GA was mediated by smoking during pregnancy. A more important direct effect of maternal educational attainment on child birth weight for GA was observed among underweight women [RRa = 0.82 (95% CI 0.72–0.93)]. Conclusions The relationship between maternal educational attainment and child birth weight for GA is strongly mediated by smoking during pregnancy. Reducing maternal smoking could lessen the occurrence of infant SGA and decrease socioeconomic inequalities in birth weight for GA.
Published: 2020

40. Bi-allelic Variations of SMO in Humans Cause a Broad Spectrum of Developmental Anomalies Due to Abnormal Hedgehog Signaling

Author: Lynn Pais, Anna Pelet, Wilhelmina S. Kerstjens-Frederikse, Christine Bole-Feysot, Yunia Sribudiani, Stanislas Lyonnet, Natasha Shur, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Louise Galmiche, Cécile Masson, Christopher T. Gordon, Chelsea Kois, Céline Huber, John A. Pugh, Simon Sadedin, Thuy-Linh Le, Nicolas Goudin, Tania Attié-Bitach, Susan M. White, Tiong Yang Tan, Geneviève Baujat, Valérie Serre, Xiaomin Dong, Mohammed Zarhrate, Patrick Nitschke, Jeanne Amiel, John Christodoulou, Frans W. Verheijen, Sophie Thomas, R Hofstra, Salima El Chehadeh, Valerie Mayne, Université Paris Cité (UPC), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Embryology and genetics of human malformation (Equipe Inserm U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Molecular and Physiopathological bases of osteochondrodysplasia - Bases moléculaires et physiopathologiques des ostéochondrodysplasies (Equipe Inserm U1163), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker (SFR Necker - UMS 3633 / US24), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Genetics and Development of the Cerebral Cortex (Equipe Inserm U1163), Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Paris (UP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Clinical Genetics
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Models, Molecular, Developmental Disabilities, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT PROTEIN, ACTIVATION, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Sonic hedgehog, Child, Genetics (clinical), Nuclear Proteins, PRIMARY CILIUM, Smoothened Receptor, Hedgehog signaling pathway, Cell biology, Pedigree, Child, Preschool, Female, Signal Transduction, Patched, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Zinc Finger Protein Gli2, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, HYPOTHALAMIC HAMARTOMA, Zinc Finger Protein Gli3, GLI2, Ciliogenesis, NERVOUS-SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT, Genetics, Humans, Hedgehog Proteins, Cilia, Hedgehog, Alleles, Base Sequence, SONIC HEDGEHOG, MUTATIONS, Infant, CILIARY, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, Smoothened, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, GLI
Abstract: The evolutionarily conserved hedgehog (Hh) pathway is essential for organogenesis and plays critical roles in postnatal tissue maintenance and renewal. A unique feature of the vertebrate Hh pathway is that signal transduction requires the primary cilium (PC) where major pathway components are dynamically enriched. These factors include smoothened (SMO) and patched, which constitute the core reception system for sonic hedgehog (SHH) as well as GLI transcription factors, the key mediators of the pathway. Here, we report biallelic loss-of-function variations in SMO in seven individuals from five independent families; these variations cause a wide phenotypic spectrum of developmental anomalies affecting the brain (hypothalamic hamartoma and microcephaly), heart (atrioventricular septal defect), skeleton (postaxial polydactyly, narrow chest, and shortening of long bones), and enteric nervous system (aganglionosis). Cells derived from affected individuals showed normal ciliogenesis but severely altered Hh-signal transduction as a result of either altered PC trafficking or abnormal activation of the pathway downstream of SMO. In addition, Hh-independent GLI2 accumulation at the PC tip in cells from the affected individuals suggests a potential function of SMO in regulating basal ciliary trafficking of GLI2 when the pathway is off. Thus, loss of SMO function results in abnormal PC dynamics of key components of the Hh signaling pathway and leads to a large continuum of malformations in humans.
Published: 2020

41. Maternal Betamethasone for Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Neonates: Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Approach

Author: Frantz Foissac, Yves Ville, Patrick Rozenberg, Sihem Benaboud, Déborah Hirt, Yi Zheng, Gabrielle Lui, Laurent Mandelbrot, Naïm Bouazza, Jean-Marc Tréluyer, Pierre-Henri Jarreau, Gilles Kayem, François Goffinet, Pediatric and Perinatal Drug Evaluation and Pharmacology, Université de Paris (UP), URC/CIC Paris Descartes Necker Cochin, Hôpital Necker, CIC - Mère Enfant Necker Cochin Paris Centre (CIC 1419), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Clinical Pharmacology Department, AP-HP Paris Centre Hospital Group, Service de maternité [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, centre hospitalier intercommunal de Poissy/Saint-Germain-en-Laye - CHIPS [Poissy], Université Paris-Saclay, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Port-Royal, Paris Centre University Hospitals, Université de Paris (UP)-Université de Paris (UP), and French Ministry of HealthCRC 1076Departement de la Recherche Clinique et du Developpement de l'Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris
Subjects: Male, Amniotic fluid, Pharmacogenomic Variants, Single, Betamethasone, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Drug Dosage Calculations, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Twin Pregnancy, education.field_of_study, Respiratory distress, Obstetrics, Gestational age, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Fetal Blood, Management, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Gestation, Female, France, Drug Monitoring, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Adolescent, Population, Gestational Age, Courses, Plancental-transfer, Injections, Intramuscular, Models, Biological, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Antenatal, Corticosteroids, Humans, education, Glucocorticoids, Pharmacology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Amniotic Fluid, medicine.disease, Pharmacogenetics, Birth, business
Abstract: International audience; Despite antenatal corticosteroids therapy, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is still a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. To date, the relationship between in utero fetal drug exposure and occurrence of RDS remains poorly evaluated. This study aims to describe the pharmacokinetics of betamethasone in pregnant women and to evaluate the transplacental drug transfer and administration scheme for the prevention of RDS. Pregnant women > 27 weeks' gestation and who received at least a single dose of betamethasone for prevention of RDS were enrolled. Maternal, cord blood, and amniotic fluid betamethasone time-courses were analyzed using the Monolix software. A total of 220 maternal blood, 56 cord blood, and 26 amniotic fluid samples were described by a two-compartment model with two effect compartments linked by rate transfer constants. Apparent clearances and volumes of distribution parameters were allometrically scaled for a 70 kg third trimester pregnant woman. The impact of a twin pregnancy was found to increase maternal clearance by 28%. Using a fetal-to-mother exposure ratio, the median (95% confidence interval (CI)) transplacental transfer of betamethasone was estimated to 35% (95% CI 0.11-0.67). After adjustment for gestational age and twin pregnancy, RDS was found to be associated to the time spent in utero below quantifiable concentrations (i.e., < 1 ng/mL): odds ratio of 1.10 (95% CI 1.01-1.19) per day increase (P < 0.05). Trying to take into account both efficacy and safety, we simulated different dosing schemes in order to maintain a maximum of fetuses above 1 ng/mL without exceeding the total standard dose.
Published: 2020

42. Guidelines: Anaesthesia in the context of COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Lionel Velly, Etienne Gayat, Hervé Quintard, Emmanuel Weiss, Audrey De Jong, Philippe Cuvillon, Gérard Audibert, Julien Amour, Marc Beaussier, Matthieu Biais, Sébastien Bloc, Marie Pierre Bonnet, Pierre Bouzat, Gilles Brezac, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Souhayl Dahmani, Mathilde de Queiroz, Sophie Di Maria, Claude Ecoffey, Emmanuel Futier, Thomas Geeraerts, Haithem Jaber, Laurent Heyer, Rim Hoteit, Olivier Joannes-Boyau, Delphine Kern, Olivier Langeron, Sigismond Lasocki, Yoan Launey, Frederic le Saché, Anne Claire Lukaszewicz, Axel Maurice-Szamburski, Nicolas Mayeur, Fabrice Michel, Vincent Minville, Sébastien Mirek, Philippe Montravers, Estelle Morau, Laurent Muller, Jane Muret, Karine Nouette-Gaulain, Jean Christophe Orban, Gilles Orliaguet, Pierre François Perrigault, Florence Plantet, Julien Pottecher, Christophe Quesnel, Vanessa Reubrecht, Bertrand Rozec, Benoit Tavernier, Benoit Veber, Francis Veyckmans, Hélène Charbonneau, Isabelle Constant, Denis Frasca, Marc-Olivier Fischer, Catherine Huraux, Alice Blet, Marc Garnier, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Service d'Anesthésie et Réanimation [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de Cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Neuro-imagerie fonctionnelle et métabolique (ANTE-INSERM U836, équipe 5), Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux (PHAR), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'anesthésie-réanimation, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service d'anesthésie réanimation chirurgicale [Rennes], Hôpital Pontchaillou-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service Anesthésie - Réanimation [Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Clinique de la Douleur, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation [AP-HP Hôpitaux Saint-Louis Lariboisière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Clinique Juge - Clinique du sport [Marseille], Pôle d'Anesthésie-Réanimation [CHU Rangueil], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Hôpital de Rangueil, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Service d'anesthésie - réanimation chirurgicale [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de réanimation médicale [CHU de Carémeau, Nîmes], Institut Curie [Paris], Réanimation Médico-Chirurgicale, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Département d'anesthésie-réanimation[Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier], Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire (Strasbourg), Mitochondrie, stress oxydant et protection musculaire (MSP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Physiopathologie et Epidemiologie de l'Insuffisance Respiratoire, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de soins intensifs [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Groupe d’Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgie cardio-thoracique et vasculaire [Toulouse], Clinique Pasteur [Toulouse], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, Département d'anesthésiologie [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires (PHERE (UMR_S_1152 / U1152)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation [CHU de Toulouse], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Biomarqueurs CArdioNeuroVASCulaires (BioCANVAS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire et Cultures de l'Antiquité et du Moyen Âge (HISCANT-MA), Université de Lorraine (UL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Emergency Department, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin - Bordeaux, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Anaesthesiology, Robert Debré Hospital, Service d'anesthésie réanimation chirurgicale, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital de Rangueil, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie mitochondriale, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire d'Anesthésiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Department of Anesthesia, Burn and Critical Care, University Hospitals Saint-Louis - Lariboisière, AP-HP, Paris, France.
Subjects: Infection prevention and control, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychological intervention, Airway management, Context (language use), Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030202 anesthesiology, Informed consent, Personal protective equipment, Pandemic, Health care, Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Modalities, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Guideline, 3. Good health, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Universal precautions, Anesthesia, Viruses, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: Objectives The world is currently facing an unprecedented healthcare crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of these guidelines is to produce a framework to facilitate the partial and gradual resumption of intervention activity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The group has endeavoured to produce a minimum number of recommendations to highlight the strengths to be retained in the 7 predefined areas: (1) protection of staff and patients; (2) benefit/risk and patient information; (3) preoperative assessment and decision on intervention; (4) modalities of the preanaesthesia consultation; (5) specificity of anaesthesia and analgesia; (6) dedicated circuits and (7) containment exit type of interventions. Results The SFAR Guideline panel provides 51 statements on anaesthesia management in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. After one round of discussion and various amendments, a strong agreement was reached for 100% of the recommendations and algorithms. Conclusion We present suggestions for how the risk of transmission by and to anaesthetists can be minimised and how personal protective equipment policies relate to COVID-19 pandemic context.
Published: 2020

43. Dietary Zinc Intake and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the French NutriNet-Santé Cohort

Author: Serge Hercberg, Robert Benamouzig, Guillaume Savoye, Pauline Vasseur, Mathilde Touvier, Jean-Pierre Hugot, Chantal Julia, Annaïg Lan, Emmanuelle Dugelay, Camille Buscail, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de Gastroentérologie et nutrition pédiatrique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Ministere de la SanteSante publique France (SPF)Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm)Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (CNAM)Universite Paris 13
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Inflammatory bowel disease, Gastroenterology, Dietary zinc, Zinc intake, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Crohn Disease, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Hepatology, business.industry, Incidence, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, Ulcerative colitis, Diet Records, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Zinc, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Relative risk, Dietary Supplements, Cohort, Colitis, Ulcerative, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, France, business
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association between incident Crohn's disease (CD) or incident ulcerative colitis (UC) and dietary zinc intake.Methods: NutriNet-Santé cohort's participants who completed at least three 24-hour dietary records were included and incident CD or UC cases were identified. Multivariable Poisson models were performed to assess associations between tertiles of zinc intake and CD or UC.Results: Among the 105,832 participants, 27 reported incident CD and 48 reported incident UC. The relative risks of CD decreased with dietary zinc intakes. Compared with participants with the lowest tertile of zinc intake, the relative risks for CD were 0.60 (95% confidence interval [0.22-1.66]) and 0.12 (95% confidence interval [0.02-0.73]) for the second and the highest tertiles, respectively (Ptrend = 0.02). No significant association was observed for UC.Discussion: Dietary zinc intake was inversely associated with incident CD.
Published: 2020

44. High Frequency of Previous Abuse and Missed Diagnoses Prior to Abusive Head Trauma: A Consecutive Case Series of 100 Forensic Examinations

Author: Mathilde Chevignard, Anne Laurent-Vannier, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Service de Rééducation des pathologies neurologiques acquises de l'enfant [Hôpitaux de Saint Maurice], Hôpitaux de Saint Maurice (HNSM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Child abuse, medicine.medical_specialty, child abuse, diagnosis, business.industry, craniocerebral trauma, Human factors and ergonomics, Poison control, Consecutive case series, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 3. Good health, Head trauma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, 030225 pediatrics, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Emergency medicine, Injury prevention, Medicine, business, Law
Abstract: International audience; This study describes the frequency of signs and symptoms of abuse and missed diagnoses prior to the diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants. Data were from a retrospective observational study of 100 consecutive cases of infants diagnosed with AHT over a seven-year period. The most frequent symptom leading to the diagnosis was a loss of consciousness (68%) that always occurred inside a home (parents' or nanny's), never outside. Diagnosis was established using criteria based on the child's lesions and the alleged history. Lesions leading to diagnosis were described: 99 per cent had multifocal subdural haematoma (SDH) located in four areas including lateral space, interhemispheric, tentorium cerebelli and vertex; 60 per cent had a rupture of bridging veins. Previous abuse was found in 79 per cent of cases, of whom 75 per cent underwent medical consultations that did not result in a diagnosis of abuse. The main signs and symptoms of previous abuse were repeated vomiting without fever or diarrhoea (62%), abnormal head circumference increase (49%) and bruises (38%). These results suggest a higher frequency of repeated abuse than previous studies and highlight the great challenges most professionals encounter to evoke and set the diagnosis of abuse. 'This study describes the frequency of signs and symptoms of abuse and missed diagnoses prior to the diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants' Key Practitioner MessagesPrior signs and symptoms suggestive of abuse are particularly frequent in infants diagnosed with AHT. Abuse must be detected as early as possible in order to avoid recurrences. Diagnostic criteria, based on clinical history and lesions including multifocal subdural haematoma, rupture of bridging veins, retinal haemorrhages, and spinal cord injury have been defined to enable diagnosis of AHT.
Published: 2020

45. Impact of colonization pressure on acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two intensive care units: a 19-year retrospective surveillance

Author: Brice Lortat-Jacob, Jean-François Timsit, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Sarah Jolivet, Laurence Armand-Lefevre, Philippe Montravers, Lila Bouadma, Sébastien Bailly, Isabelle Lolom, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires (PHERE (UMR_S_1152 / U1152)), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030501 epidemiology, medicine.disease_cause, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, Internal medicine, Enterobacterales, Intensive care, medicine, Colonization, Risk factor, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Staphylococcus aureus, 0305 other medical science, business
Abstract: Summary Background Colonization pressure is a risk factor for intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Aim To measure the long-term respective impact of colonization pressure on ICU-acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods All patients admitted to two ICUs (medical and surgical) between January 1997 and December 2015 were included in this retrospective observational study. Rectal and nasal surveillance cultures were obtained at admission and weekly thereafter. Contact precautions were applied for colonized or infected patients. Colonization pressure was defined as the ratio of the number of MDRO-positive patient-days (PDs) of each MDRO to the total number of PDs. Single-level negative binomial regression models were used to evaluate the incidence of weekly MDRO acquisition. Findings Among the 23,423 patients included, 2327 (10.0%) and 1422 (6.1%) were colonized with ESBL-PE and MRSA, respectively, including 660 (2.8%) and 351 (1.5%) acquisitions. ESBL-PE acquisition increased from 0.51/1000 patient-exposed days (PEDs) in 1997 to 6.06/1000 PEDs in 2015 (P Conclusion Colonization pressure contributed to the increasing incidence of ESBL-PE but not MRSA. This study suggests that preventive control measures should be customized to MDROs.
Published: 2020

46. L’innovation thérapeutique, à quel prix ?

Author: Michel Goldman, Mathias Dewatripont, Alain Fischer, Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Chaire Médecine expérimentale (A. Fischer), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Political science, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Medicine, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, Biologie, Humanities, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: SCOPUS: no.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

47. Sustainability analysis of French dietary guidelines using multiple criteria

Author: Pauline Rebouillat, Dan Chaltiel, Rodolphe Vidal, Philippe Pointereau, Serge Hercberg, Julia Baudry, Manon Egnell, Benjamin Allès, Mathilde Touvier, Chantal Julia, Denis Lairon, Brigitte Langevin, François Mariotti, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Juhui Wang, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Association Solagro (Solagro), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), French Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Sante Publique France Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers and Paris 13 University, ANR-13-ALID-0001,BioNutriNet,Consommation d'aliments issus de l'agriculture biologique: déterminants et motivation vis-à-vis de la durabilité, impact nutritionnel, économique, environnemental et toxicologique(2013), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SOLAGRO TOULOUSE, Partenaires IRSTEA, and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
Subjects: 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Geography, Planning and Development, Population, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Lower energy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, dietary guidelines, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Intensive farming, business.industry, Food frequency questionnaire, pesticides, environment-related indicators, Urban Studies, diet sustainability, 13. Climate action, Cohort, Sustainability, Food processing, Multiple criteria, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; Sustainability is now accounted for in certain food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). In 2017, the French FBDG were updated to incorporate environmental preservation. We conducted a multi-indicator evaluation of the 2001 and 2017 FBDG, based on data from 28,340 participants in the NutriNet-Sante cohort who completed an organic food frequency questionnaire. Indicators related to nutrition, environment (three indicators and the synthetic partial ReCiPe (pReCiPe) score) and economy were used, to distinguish organic and conventional farming systems. To estimate compliance with the 2001 and 2017 FBDG, we used two validated adherence scores (PNNS-GS1 and PNNS-GS2, respectively). We estimated numbers of averted deaths by adhering to the FBDG using a competing risk assessment model. Higher adherence to the 2017 guidelines was related to higher plant-based diet, cost and deaths averted and lower energy intake, synthetic environmental score and exposure to certain pesticides. Overall, larger differences between lowest and highest PNNS-GS2 were observed than between lowest and highest PNNS-GS1. Our results suggest that the 2017 guidelines are in line overall with the multiple dimensions of diet sustainability, including health, although at a slight cost increase. If adopted by a large part of the population, these dietary guidelines might contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases while reducing food-related environmental pressures.A comparison of the recommended dietary guidelines in France from 2001 and 2017 finds that the updated guidelines perform better in terms of health (nutrition) and the environment (food production), albeit with a small increase in cost.
Published: 2020

48. Maternal obesity and severe pre-eclampsia among immigrant women: a mediation analysis

Author: Babak Khoshnood, Ayesha Siddiqui, Candice Estellat, Laurent Mandelbrot, Elie Azria, Elizabeth A. Howell, Dominique Luton, Catherine Deneux-Tharaux, Thomas Schmitz, Nathalie Bertille, Bodescot, Myriam, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), DHU Risks in Pregnancy [Paris], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology [Clichy], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology [Paris], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology [Colombes], Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Maternité Notre-Dame de Bon Secours [Paris], Centre hospitalier Saint-Joseph [Paris], This study was supported by the French Ministry of Health, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC) 2007 and PHRC 2012 (grant number AOM07079). Ayesha Siddiqui received funding in support of her doctoral research in epidemiology from Sorbonne University, Paris, France., Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Risk, Paris, Urban Population, Epidemiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Immigration, Emigrants and Immigrants, lcsh:Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Logistic regression, Article, Pregnancy outcome, Obesity, Maternal, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Africa, Northern, Pre-Eclampsia, Pregnancy, Poverty Areas, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Africa South of the Sahara, media_common, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Multidisciplinary, Eclampsia, business.industry, lcsh:R, Odds ratio, Place of birth, medicine.disease, Obesity, Confidence interval, Europe, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Cohort, Female, lcsh:Q, business, Demography, Maternal Age
Abstract: We investigated the extent to which pre-pregnancy obesity mediates the association between maternal place of birth and severe pre-eclampsia in the PreCARE cohort of pregnant women in Paris (n = 9,579). Adjusted path analysis logistic regression models were used to assess the role of pre-pregnancy obesity as a mediator in the association between maternal place of birth and the development of severe pre-eclampsia. We calculated 1. adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the total exposure-outcome association and for the direct and indirect/obesity-mediated components 2. the indirect/obesity-mediated effect. Ninety-five (0.99%) women developed severe pre-eclampsia, 47.6% were non-European immigrants, 16.3% were born in Sub-Saharan Africa, and 12.6% were obese (BMI > = 30 kg/m2). Women experiencing severe pre-eclampsia were more likely to be from Sub-Saharan Africa (p = 0.023) and be obese (p = 0.048). Mothers from Sub-Saharan Africa had an increased risk of severe pre-eclampsia compared to European-born mothers (aOR 2.53, 95% CI 1.39–4.58) and the obesity-mediated indirect effect was 18% of the total risk (aOR 1.18, 95%CI 1.03–1.35). In conclusion, Sub-Saharan African immigrant women have a two-fold higher risk of developing severe pre-eclampsia as compared to European-born women, one-fifth of which is mediated by pre-pregnancy obesity. Our results quantify the potential benefit of decreasing obesity among at-risk women.
Published: 2020

49. Extracellular vesicles from human cardiovascular progenitors trigger a reparative immune response in infarcted hearts

Author: Sisareuth Tan, Jean-Sébastien Silvestre, Kamaleswaran Keirththana, Alain Brisson, Thi Anh-Dao Tran, José Vilar, Philippe Menasché, Paul Alayrac, Thomas Hamada, Maria Franca Perotto, Nadia El Harane, Reem Al-Daccak, Dominique Charron, Laetitia Pidial, Valérie Bellamy, Nisa Renault, Hocine Rachid Hocine, Chloé Guillas, Manon Desgres, Ingrid Gomez, Bruna Lima Correa, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut Curie [Paris], Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunologie humaine, physiopathologie & immunothérapie (HIPI (UMR_S_976 / U976)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics Inc [Madison, WI, USA], Service de Chirurgie Cardiovasculaire [Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou - APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), LIMA CORREA, Bruna, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Neutrophils, Physiology, T cell, Lymphocyte, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Myocardial Infarction, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Monocytes, Cell Line, Extracellular Vesicles, 03 medical and health sciences, Paracrine signalling, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Interferon, Physiology (medical), medicine, Animals, Humans, Regeneration, Myocytes, Cardiac, Progenitor cell, Cell Proliferation, Heart Failure, Chemistry, Macrophages, Myocardium, NKG2D, Coculture Techniques, Rats, [SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, 3. Good health, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Cytokines, Inflammation Mediators, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, CD80, medicine.drug
Abstract: AimsThe cardioprotective effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPC) are largely mediated by the paracrine release of extracellular vesicles (EV). We aimed to assess the immunological behaviour of EV-CPC, which is a prerequisite for their clinical translation.Methods and resultsFlow cytometry demonstrated that EV-CPC expressed very low levels of immune relevant molecules including HLA Class I, CD80, CD274 (PD-L1), and CD275 (ICOS-L); and moderate levels of ligands of the natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor, NKG2D. In mixed lymphocyte reactions, EV-CPC neither induced nor modulated adaptive allogeneic T cell immune responses. They also failed to induce NK cell degranulation, even at high concentrations. These in vitro effects were confirmed in vivo as repeated injections of EV-CPC did not stimulate production of immunoglobulins or affect the interferon (IFN)-γ responses from primed splenocytes. In a mouse model of chronic heart failure, intra-myocardial injections of EV-CPC, 3 weeks after myocardial infarction, decreased both the number of cardiac pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes and circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, TNF-α, and IFN-γ). In a model of acute infarction, direct cardiac injection of EV-CPC 2 days after infarction reduced pro-inflammatory macrophages, Ly6Chigh monocytes, and neutrophils in heart tissue as compared to controls. EV-CPC also reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-2, and IL-6, and increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. These effects on human macrophages and monocytes were reproduced in vitro; EV-CPC reduced the number of pro-inflammatory monocytes and M1 macrophages, while increasing the number of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages.ConclusionsEV-CPC do not trigger an immune response either in in vitro human allogeneic models or in immunocompetent animal models. The capacity for orienting the response of monocyte/macrophages towards resolution of inflammation strengthens the clinical attractiveness of EV-CPC as an acellular therapy for cardiac repair.
Published: 2020

50. Priorities for collaborative research using very preterm birth cohorts

Author: Jo Lebeer, Jennifer Zeitlin, Heili Varendi, Elizabeth S Draper, Andrei S. Morgan, Henrique Barros, Rolf F. Maier, Mikael Norman, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Marina Cuttini, Mariane Sentenac, Samantha Johnson, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Epidemiology Research Unit [Porto, Portugal] (EPIUnit), Instituto de Saúde Pública [Porto, Portugal], Universidade do Porto-Universidade do Porto, Clinical Care and Management Innovation Research Area [Roma, Lazio, Italy], Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù IRCCS [Rome], Department of Health Sciences [Leicester], University of Leicester, Department of Primary & Interdisciplinary Care, Disability Studies [Antwerpen, Belgium] (Faculty of Medicine), University of Antwerp (UA), Philipps University of Marburg, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology [Stockholm, Sweden], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Neonatal Medicine [Stockholm, Sweden], Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], University of Tartu, Tartu University Hospital [Tartu, Estonia], This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 733280., RECAP Preterm child cohort research group : Ådén U, Benhammou V, Bilsteen JF, Boerch K, Halvorsen T, Kajantie E, Kallen K, Lehtonen L, Pierrat V, Sarrechia I, Reempts PV, Walz JM, Wolke D, Ylijoki M., European Project: 733280,RECAP preterm, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Sentenac, Mariane, RECAP preterm: Research on European Children and Adults born Preterm - RECAP preterm - 0000-00-00 - 0000-00-00 - 733280 - VALID, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade do Porto [Porto]-Universidade do Porto [Porto], and European Project: 0733280(2007)
Subjects: Male, Parents, medicine.medical_specialty, Delphi Technique, Emotions, education, Nutritional Status, neonatology, 03 medical and health sciences, Child Development, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Very Preterm Birth, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neonatology, Cooperative Behavior, Original Research, neurodevelopment, Socioemotional selectivity theory, business.industry, Research, Extremely preterm, Infant, Newborn, Stakeholder, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, patient perspective, 3. Good health, Very preterm, Mental Health, Socioeconomic Factors, Ranking, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Infant, Extremely Premature, Family medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, epidemiology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human medicine, business, Stress, Psychological
Abstract: ObjectivesTo develop research priorities on the consequences of very preterm (VPT) birth for the RECAP Preterm platform which brings together data from 23 European VPT birth cohorts.Design and settingThis study used a two-round modified Delphi consensus process. Round 1 was based on 28 research themes related to childhood outcomes (ResultsOf 71 individuals contacted, 64 (90%) participated as panel members comprising obstetricians, neonatologists, nurses, general and specialist paediatricians, psychologists, physiotherapists, parents, adults born preterm, policy makers and epidemiologists from 17 countries. All 28 initial themes were ranked in the top 10 by at least six panel members. Highest ranking themes were: education (73% of panel members' top 10 choices); care and outcomes of extremely preterm births, including ethical decisions (63%); growth and nutrition (60%); emotional well-being and social inclusion (55%); parental stress (55%) and impact of social circumstances on outcomes (52%). Highest ranking themes were robust across panel members classified by background. 15 new themes had at least 6 top 10 endorsements in round 2.ConclusionsThis study elicited a broad range of research priorities on the consequences of VPT birth, with good consensus on highest ranks between stakeholder groups. Several highly ranked themes focused on the socioemotional needs of children and parents, which have been less studied.
Published: 2020

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