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International audience; Social conflicts around large carnivores are increasing in Europe, often associated to the species expansion into human-modified and agricultural landscapes. Large carnivores can be seen as an added value by some but as a source of difficulties by others, depending on different values, attitudes, livelihoods, and everyday activities. Therefore, the effective involvement of the different interest groups is important to identify and shape tailored solutions that can potentially be implemented, complementing top-down approaches that might, on their own, result in lack of implementation and buy-in. To improve dialogue in conflictual situations, as part of a European project promoted by the European Parliament, we assessed the practical implementation of participatory processes in three sample areas in Europe where wolves and bears have recently been increasingly impacting human activities. Our results demonstrate that collaboration among different and generally contrasting groups is possible. Even in situations where large-carnivore impacts were seen as unsatisfactorily managed for many years, people were still willing and eager to be involved in alternative discussion processes hoping this would lead to concrete solutions. An important and common highlight among the three study areas was that all the management interventions agreed upon shared the general scope of improving the conditions of the groups most impacted by large carnivores. The process showed the importance of building trust and supporting dialogue for knowledge co-production and mitigation of conflicts between stakeholders and that controversial environmental issues have the potential to trigger a meaningful dialogue about broader societal issues. The direct involvement and support of competent authorities, as well as the upscaling of this process at larger administrative and social scales, remain important challenges.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:27:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-19 Univ Libre Bruxelles ULB, Dept Biol Organismes, Syst Ecol & Resource Management Res Unit, Brussels, Belgium Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Biol Dept, Lab Plant Biol & Nat Management, Ecol & Biodivers, Brussels, Belgium Species Survival Commiss, Int Union Conservat Nat, Mangrove Specialist Grp, London, England Univ Douala, Inst Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Dept Aquat Ecosyst Management, Yabassi, Cameroon Cameroon Wildlife Conservat Soc, Coastal Forests & Mangrove Programme, Mouanko, Cameroon Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Inst Environm & Dev LESTARI, Bangi, Malaysia World Wildlife Fund, Ocean Conservat, 1250 24th St,NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA Univ Karachi, Dr M Ajmal Khan Inst Sustainable Halophyte Utiliz, Karachi, Pakistan Univ Glasgow, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland Colorado State Univ, Dept Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy Univ Portsmouth, Inst Marine Sci, Portsmouth, Hants, England Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fishery Engn, Registro, Brazil Inst Zool, Zool Soc London, London, England King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Red Sea Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Computat Biosci Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia James Cook Univ, TropWATER Ctr, Townsville, Qld, Australia Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD USA Univ Toulouse, Lab Ecol Fonct & Environm, CNRS, Toulouse, France Open Univ Netherlands, Dept Environm Sci, Heerlen, Netherlands Edinburgh Napier Univ, Sch Appl Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Kenya Marine & Fisheries Res Inst, Mombasa, Kenya Univ Ryukyus, Trop Biosphere Res Ctr, Iriomote Stn, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan Annamalai Univ, Ctr Adv Study Marine Biol, Parangipettai, India Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Simon FS Li Marine Sci Lab, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taichung, Taiwan MangroveWatch Ltd, Currumbin, Qld, Australia Univ Dar Es Salaam, Inst Marine Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Inst Marine Sci, Western Indian Ocean Mangrove Network, Zanzibar, Tanzania Univ New Caledonia, Inst Pure & Appl Sci ISEA, Noumea, New Caledonia UCN, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Lab Biol Organismes & Ecosyst Aquat Borer, CNRS UMR 7208,IRD 207,SU,UA, Paris, France Univ Wollongong, Ctr Sustainable Ecosyst Solut, Wollongong, NSW, Australia Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ciencias Forestales, Sede Medellin, Medellin, Colombia CNR IRSA Water Res Inst, Verbania, Italy Zool Soc London, Iloilo, Philippines Mangrove Act Project, Port Angeles, WA USA Wetlands Int, Wageningen, Netherlands Univ Malaysia Terengganu, Inst Oceanog & Environm, Mangrove Res Unit, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia Univ Sao Paulo, Oceanog Inst, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Cambridge, Nat Conservancy, Cambridge, England Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England Univ Siena, Dept Phys, Earth Environm Sci, Siena, Italy Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biosyst & Technol, Alnarp, Sweden Leibniz Ctr Trop Marine Res, Bremen, Germany Univ Bremen, Fac Biol Chem 02, Bremen, Germany Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Geog, Singapore, Singapore Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fishery Engn, Registro, Brazil

Funding: Fyssen post-doctoral fellowship, Fondation Total, a bridge funding from the School of Biology of the University of St Andrews and People’s Trust for Endangered Species (ML). 1. Protecting species often involves the designation of protected areas, wherein suitable management strategies are applied either at the taxon or ecosystem level. Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) have been created in European waters under the Habitats Directive to protect bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, which forms two ecotypes, pelagic and coastal. 2. The SACs have been designated in coastal waters based on photo‐identification studies that have indicated that bottlenose dolphins have relatively high site fidelity. However, individuals can carry out long‐distance movements, which suggests potential for demographic connectivity between the SACs as well as with other areas. 3. Connectivity can be studied using genetic markers. Previous studies on the species in this area used different sets of genetic markers and therefore inference on the fine‐scale population structure and demographic connectivity has not yet been made at a large scale. A common set of microsatellite markers was used in this study to provide the first comprehensive estimate of genetic structure of bottlenose dolphins in European Atlantic waters. 4. As in previous studies, a high level of genetic differentiation was found between coastal and pelagic populations. Genetic structure was defined at an unprecedented fine‐scale level for coastal dolphins, leading to identification of five distinct coastal populations inhabiting the following areas: Shannon estuary, west coast of Ireland, English Channel, coastal Galicia, east coast of Scotland and Wales/west Scotland. Demographic connectivity was very low among most populations with

International audience

WOS: 000375896000026, PubMed ID: 27001602, The isolation of populations in the Iberian, Italian and Balkan peninsulas during the ice ages define four main paradigms that explain much of the known distribution of intraspecific genetic diversity in Europe. In this study we investigated the phylogeography of a wide-spread bat species, the bent-winged bat, Miniopterus schreibersii around the Mediterranean basin and in the Caucasus. Environmental Niche Modeling (ENM) analysis was applied to predict both the current distribution of the species and its distribution during the last glacial maximum (LGM). The combination of genetics and ENM results suggest that the populations of M. schreibersii in Europe, the Caucasus and Anatolia went extinct during the LGM, and the refugium for the species was a relatively small area to the east of the Levantine Sea, corresponding to the Mediterranean coasts of present-day Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and northeastern and northwestern Egypt. Subsequently the species first repopulated Anatolia, diversified there, and afterwards expanded into the Caucasus, continental Europe and North Africa after the end of the LGM. The fossil record in Iberia and the ENM results indicate continuous presence of Miniopterus in this peninsula that most probably was related to the Maghrebian lineage during the LGM, which did not persist afterwards. Using our results combined with similar findings in previous studies, we propose a new paradigm explaining the general distribution of genetic diversity in Europe involving the recolonization of the continent, with the main contribution from refugial populations in Anatolia and the Middle East. The study shows how genetics and ENM approaches can complement each other in providing a more detailed picture of intraspecific evolution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved., Research Fund of Bogazici University, Istanbul [08M104, 09S101, 11Y00P2]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK [112T698]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [IF/0497/2013]; IRCSET-Marie Curie International Mobility Fellowship in Science, Engineering and Technology; Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic [DKRVO 00023272], We would like to thank Elizabeth Hemond and three anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We also would like to thank Simos Demetropoulos, Petros Lymperakis, Dina Kovac, Vida Zrncic, Darija Josic, Sanja Drakulic, Tea Knapic, Yannis Kazoglou, Elena Papadatou, Xavier Gremillet, Monika Podgorelec, Peter Vallo, Thierry Disca, Vincent Prie, members of the Win-timdouine expedition (Morocco), Wassim M. Hizem, Pr. Said Nouira, and the "Direction generale des fork de Tunisie" for their assistance with the fieldwork. This study was supported by grants from the Research Fund of Bogazici University, Istanbul (08M104, 09S101 and 11Y00P2) and the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK (112T698) to RB, from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (research contract IF/0497/2013) to HR, from the IRCSET-Marie Curie International Mobility Fellowship in Science, Engineering and Technology to SJP, and from the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (# DKRVO 00023272) to PB.

Contact zones between ecotypes are windows for understanding how species may react to climate changes. Here, we analysed the fine-scale genetic and morphological variation in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) around the UK by genotyping 591 stranded animals at nine microsatellite loci. The data were integrated with a prior study to map at high resolution the contact zone between two previously identified ecotypes meeting in the northern Bay of Biscay. Clustering and spatial analyses revealed that UK porpoises are derived from two genetic pools with porpoises from the southwestern UK being genetically differentiated, and having larger body sizes compared to those of other UK areas. Southwestern UK porpoises showed admixed ancestry between southern and northern ecotypes with a contact zone extending from the northern Bay of Biscay to the Celtic Sea and Channel. Around the UK, ancestry blends from one genetic group to the other along a southwest--northeast axis, correlating with body size variation, consistent with previously reported morphological differences between the two ecotypes. We also detected isolation by distance among juveniles but not in adults, suggesting that stranded juveniles display reduced intergenerational dispersal. The fine-scale structure of this admixture zone raises the question of how it will respond to future climate change and provides a reference point for further study.

Here, we report on a unique parasitoid wasp species of Toryminae reared from oothecae of praying mantids in the Mediterranean region. Based on the first available large specimen series, we transfer the species to Microdontomerus iridis comb. n. (from Torymus), describe the so far unknown male, designate a neotype, expand the known geographical distribution by adding new records from Greece, Spain and Turkey, and provide the first images of live specimens of the species as well as information on its larval biology. We also transfer Microdontomerus carayoni comb. n. from Idiomacromerus. (Resume d'auteur)

Le genre Oronoqua Fennah, 1947 (Issidae, Issinae, Issini) est révisé. La diagnose de ce genre est présentée. Oronoqua deina Fennah, 1947, qui n'était connue que par un seul spécimen femelle du Guyana, est citée de Guyane française pour la première fois. Les genitalia mâles d'Oronoqua deina Fennah, 1947 sont décrits. Oronoqua ibisca n. sp. est décrit d'après des spécimens femelles collectés dans des forêts pluviales tropicales à Panama. Oronoqua ibisca n. sp. se diff érencie d'O. deina par ses marges latérales du coryphe droites en vue latérale, par son clypéus avec une carène médiane aiguë, par son aile antérieure transparente avec des nervures transverses sur toute la longueur du corium, par son clavus avec de nombreuses nervures transverses incluses dans la fourchette entre le postcubitus et la première nervure anale, par son premier métatarsomère avec quatre épines apicales intermédiaires.

International audience; Investigating cohesive tissue sheets in controlled cultures still poses a challenge since the complex intercellular interactions are difficult to mimic in in vitro models. We used supported lipid membranes functionalized by the adhesive part of the extracellular domain of the cell adhesion molecule cadherin-11 for the immobilization of pluripotent tissue sheets, the animal cap isolated from Xenopus laevis blastula stage embryos. Cadherin-11 was bound via histidine tag to lipid membranes with chelator head groups. In the first step, quantitative functionalization of the membranes with cadherin-11 was confirmed by quartz crystal microbalance and high energy specular X-ray reflectivity. In the next step, animal cap tissue sheets induced to neural crest cell fate were cultured on the membranes functionalized with cadherin-11. The adhesion of cells within the cohesive tissue was significantly dependent on changes in lateral densities of cadherin-11. The formation of filopodia and lamellipodia in the cohesive tissue verified the viability and sustainability of the culture over several hours. The expression of the transcription factor slug in externally induced tissue demonstrated the applicability of lipid membranes displaying adhesive molecules for controlled differentiation of cohesive pluripotent tissue sheets

WOS: 000236393000005, Miniopterus schreibersii is a polytypic bat species, with one of the widest distribution ranges among the mammals. We studied the genetic differentiation and taxonomy of this species in the transition zone between south-eastern Europe and Anatolia (in Asia), where two subspecies have been described. The results indicated a sharp genetic break between the samples from western Anatolia and south-eastern Europe and those of eastern Anatolia. In addition, the samples from western Anatolia and south-eastern Europe were seen to be reciprocally monophyletic, although the differentiation was less drastic. These patterns of genetic differentiation suggest the presence of two distinct groups within the M. schreibersii complex in the region, concordant with previous subspecific recognition. The cause of this genetic break is most likely differentiation in separate glacial refugia followed by secondary contact. However, more samples are needed to assess whether these represent different species, as well as to understand more clearly the causes of this differentiation. (c) 2006 The Linnean Society of London.

Many factors are involved in determining the latitudinal and altitudinal spread of the important tick vector Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Europe, as well as in changes in the distribution within its prior endemic zones. This paper builds on published literature and unpublished expert opinion from the VBORNET network with the aim of reviewing the evidence for these changes in Europe and discusses the many climatic, ecological, landscape and anthropogenic drivers. These can be divided into those directly related to climatic change, contributing to an expansion in the tick’s geographic range at extremes of altitude in central Europe, and at extremes of latitude in Scandinavia; those related to changes in the distribution of tick hosts, particularly roe deer and other cervids; other ecological changes such as habitat connectivity and changes in land management; and finally, anthropogenically induced changes. These factors are strongly interlinked and often not well quantified. Although a change in climate plays an important role in certain geographic regions, for much of Europe it is non-climatic factors that are becoming increasingly important. How we manage habitats on a landscape scale, and the changes in the distribution and abundance of tick hosts are important considerations during our assessment and management of the public health risks associated with ticks and tick-borne disease issues in 21st century Europe. Better understanding and mapping of the spread of I. ricinus (and changes in its abundance) is, however, essential to assess the risk of the spread of infections transmitted by this vector species. Enhanced tick surveillance with harmonized approaches for comparison of data enabling the follow-up of trends at EU level will improve the messages on risk related to tick-borne diseases to policy makers, other stake holders and to the general public.