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Shohei Nishida,1 Yasuya Inomata,1 Akira Hirata2 1Inomata Eye Clinic, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, Japan; 2Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, JapanCorrespondence: Shohei Nishida; Yasuya Inomata, Email shohei.n.0126@outlook.jp; inoyas@kxb.biglobe.ne.jpPurpose: We examined differences in the accuracy of three intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas: the traditional Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff/Theoretical (SRK/T) formula; the Barrett Universal II (BU II) formula, which is a new-generation IOL calculation formula; and the postoperative spherical equivalent prediction using artificial intelligence and linear algorithms developed by Debellemanière, Gatinel, and Saad formula (PEARL-DGS [PEARL]) formula, and evaluated factors that cause postoperative refractive error (PE).Patients and Methods: The study included 205 patients (205 eyes) with a mean age of 75.2 ± 8.7 years who underwent cataract surgery at our institution from December 2018 to October 2023. The PE of the three IOL calculation formulas was calculated and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with a PE higher than ± 0.50 D as the dependent variable, and age, sex, axial length (AL), mean keratometry (mean K), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and white-to-white (WTW) as independent variables.Results: The mean PE (ME) ± standard deviation of the SRK/T, BU II, and PEARL formulas was 0.11 ± 0.52, 0.11 ± 0.50, and 0.21 ± 0.50 D, respectively. MEs of the three IOL calculation formulas were significantly different from 0 (p < 0.01). The median absolute error (MedAE) was not significantly different among the three IOL calculation formulas (p = 0.83). The percentage of PE within ± 0.50 D was not significantly different among the three IOL calculation formulas (p = 0.13). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the significantly associated factors with PE higher than ± 0.50 D were AL, ACD, and LT for the SRK/T formula, sex and LT for the BU II formula, and LT for the PEARL formula (all p < 0.05).Conclusion: In the BU II and PEARL formulas, AL was excluded as a factor affecting PE, indicating that LT was a risk factor.Keywords: cataract, lens thickness, logistic models, refractive surgical procedures

Masato Matsuo, Yuina Inomata, Nana Kozuki, Masaki Tanito Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, JapanCorrespondence: Masato MatsuoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Enya 89-1, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, JapanTel +81-853-20-2284Fax +81-853-20-2278Email matsuohp@med.shimane-u.ac.jpPurpose: To investigate the prevalence, locations, and characteristics of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) formation after microhook ab-interno trabeculotomy (μLOT), a minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, using a 360-degree gonio-camera, gonioscope GS-1 (NIDEK Co., Gamagori, Japan).Subjects and Methods: A total of 105 consecutive eyes of 75 subjects with open-angle glaucoma were analyzed. The eyes had undergone μLOT or combined μLOT and cataract surgery as an initial glaucoma surgery. Postoperative PAS formation was evaluated in 16 iridocorneal angle images with the best focus covering 360 degrees in each eye.Results: Compared to baseline, at 225± 226 days postoperatively, the intraocular pressure and number of antiglaucoma medications decreased significantly (p< 0.01, respectively). PAS developed in 86% of eyes. The mean number of iridocorneal angle images that showed PAS in all eyes was 4.1 (26%) in the total circumference, 3.1 (39%) within the μLOT incision, and 1.0 (13%) outside of the μLOT incision; the rate was significantly (p< 0.0001) higher within the incision than outside of the incision. Moreover, the higher total PAS rate and that within the incision may be associated with later postoperative days (p=0.01 and 0.004, respectively), that outside of the incision with μLOT alone rather than the combined surgery, and with shallower preoperative central anterior chamber depth (p=0.048 and 0.04, respectively), calculated by the mixed-effect model.Conclusion: The current results showed the characteristics of PAS formation after μLOT using 360-degree gonio-images, and the formation rate was significantly higher within the μLOT incision. The PAS within and outside of the incision had different causes.Keywords: peripheral anterior synechiae, microhook ab-interno trabeculotomy, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, open-angle glaucoma, 360-degree gonio-camera