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The Yangtze River's substantial variation in water depth and current speeds means that inland ships face diverse operational conditions within a single voyage. This paper discusses the adoption of controllable-pitch propellers, which adjust their pitch to adapt to varying navigational environments, thereby optimizing energy efficiency. We developed an optimization framework to determine the ideal pitch angle and rotation speed (RPM) under different sailing conditions. The energy performance model for inland ships was enhanced to account for the open-water efficiency of CPPs across various pitch angles and RPMs, considering the impacts of current and shallow water, among other factors. The optimization approach was refined by incorporating an improved genetic algorithm with an annealing algorithm to enhance the initial population, applying the K-means clustering algorithm for population segmentation, and using multi-parent crossover from diverse clusters. The efficacy of the optimization method for CPP operations was validated by analyzing three operational scenarios of a Yangtze sailing ship. Additionally, key components of the ship performance model were calibrated through experimental tests, demonstrating an anticipated fuel consumption reduction of approximately 5% compared to conventional fixed-pitch propellers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Yangtze River’s substantial variation in water depth and current speeds means that inland ships face diverse operational conditions within a single voyage. This paper discusses the adoption of controllable-pitch propellers, which adjust their pitch to adapt to varying navigational environments, thereby optimizing energy efficiency. We developed an optimization framework to determine the ideal pitch angle and rotation speed (RPM) under different sailing conditions. The energy performance model for inland ships was enhanced to account for the open-water efficiency of CPPs across various pitch angles and RPMs, considering the impacts of current and shallow water, among other factors. The optimization approach was refined by incorporating an improved genetic algorithm with an annealing algorithm to enhance the initial population, applying the K-means clustering algorithm for population segmentation, and using multi-parent crossover from diverse clusters. The efficacy of the optimization method for CPP operations was validated by analyzing three operational scenarios of a Yangtze sailing ship. Additionally, key components of the ship performance model were calibrated through experimental tests, demonstrating an anticipated fuel consumption reduction of approximately 5% compared to conventional fixed-pitch propellers.

Although the impacts of volcanic ashfall on air transport and land transport networks are well documented, little information exists about volcanic ash effects on water transport. Three recent widespread ashfall events severely affected the extensive shipping activity that takes place in the many lakes of Andean Patagonia, Argentina. By means of impact assessment fieldtrips, meetings, semi-structured interviews, and expert consultation, we surveyed and categorized impacts of volcanic ash on ships, ports and shipping activities, also assessing most effective mitigation strategies undertaken, including clean-up actions. To better catalogue type and severity of impacts, we expand on available damage scales developed for critical infrastructure, to include more specific details about water transport systems. Our contribution ultimately aims to communicate to emergency managers, and the volcanological and nautical communities, the most likely outcomes from explosive volcanic eruptions on shipping, along with best-practice advice for mitigating adverse effects.

This study examines freight rates in four key areas of the U.S. water freight transportation industry –coastal, Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River, inland waterways, and deep-sea shipping. The data involved in this study includes longitudinal data from 2008 to 2021 on freight rates in all four of these sectors along with data on macroeconomic variables and commodity prices. The purpose of this study is as follows: (A) examine lead/lag relationships between the four freight rates, (B) examine lead/lag relationships between the freight rates and macroeconomic variables, and (C) examine lead/lag relationships between the freight rates and commodity prices. We do find significant predictive power for freight rates both on each other as well as for macroeconomic indicators. In terms of predicting other freight rates, inland freight rates are the only ones to predict all three other freight rates. Both inland and deep-sea freight rates are shown to be strong at predicting macroeconomic indicators in the short run, but deep sea has greater long-term predictive power. Commodity prices on the other hand are only minimally predicted by freight rates but are also strong predictors of inland freight rates. Coastal and Great Lake freight rates are shown only to have minimal predictive power. Differences in competitive conditions, as well as the type of cargo between these four sectors, are proposed as an explanation for these results.

The objective of this research is to identify and quantify the sustainable impacts resulting from transportation investments at the port-city interface. These investments encompass two main components: 1) restoring the local inland waterway fairway for navigation, and 2) constructing a new railway bridge that traverses the primary waterway at the entrance of the seaport. The study is centered on the local transportation system in the northwestern region of Poland. Sustainability is assessed using an analytical tool derived from societal cost-benefit analysis and simulation in the relevant market transport performance in options with and without investment. Economic effects are evaluated in terms of savings in generalized transportation costs, which include transport operating expenses and travel durations. Environmental considerations encompass transport-related air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and well-to-tank emissions. Social aspects focus on issues like transport congestion, traffic noise, and transport-related accidents. Each type of investment yields distinct sustainable gains and distributes them among stakeholders differently. Additionally, the enhanced capacity of the rail bridge reveals the potential for a modal shift in the local passenger transport system, wherein passengers may transition from buses/cars to a fast railway. Tangible gains expressed in monetary terms allow for a sustainable assessment of transport investments. The elaborated research scheme can be employed to assess the sustainable ramifications arising from investments in intermodal transport at any port-city interface. It provides decision-makers with comprehensive insights into the economic, environmental, and social implications of various transport policies and interventions. [Display omitted] • Effects of building new railway bridge and restoring inland fairway are evaluated. • Economic, environmental, social sustainable gains are tangible. • Transportation costs, air and greenhouse gas emissions, congestion, accidents are addressed. • Sustainable model for Intermodal transport investments is established. • Effects of modal shift in local passenger transport are quantified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present paper is to present the most important aspects for competency-based education and training for both maritime and the Inland Waterways sector, to ensure that every student/trainee in the EU possesses the same competencies on operational level (OL) and management level (ML) after graduating from their study or training. To reach these goals, trainers need to be able to educate and train students in the competency based system, which serves two purposes: defining minimum key competencies needed for crew members on board maritime and IWT vessels throughout the EU or worldwide, and thereby improving safety of navigation at sea and on the European interconnected waterways, and an increased level of labour mobility for crew members educated with the competencies as laid down in STCW 2010 and the new European directive.

Location study for the investment project entitled Multimodal Platform considering the area of the city of Bydgoszcz and commune of Solec Kujawski last year was published. The examples of existent multimodal ports in Europe show a growing demand for goods transport by the inland waterways. On the basis of the Multimodal Port, it is planned to export cargo from the ports in Gdansk and Gdynia. So, on the Vistula's waterway between Gdansk and Bydgoszcz is the basic rule for navigators is to keep safety distance to the river bottom and on the other hand, to bridge structures. The paper presents limitation for inland ships in the area of planned multimodal port near Bydgoszcz. The analysis of navigation conditions was carried out using probabilistic model of underkeel clearance to verify typical inland vessel traffic on planned port approach. Results of this analysis can be used for further research connected with minimal safety depth determination and risk analysis in study area.

In Ukraine, there has been an increase in agricultural production. The availability of river basins and seaports contributes to the use of inland shipping. However, there is a lack of understanding of how to reduce the energy consumption of inland shipping. We assume the hypothesis that the energy efficiency of inland shipping is much higher than it is technically possible. The purpose of this study is to identify perspective energy-saving technologies for IWT. We use statistical information to determine the export potential and to reveal the status of inland navigation. Traction efficiency, theoretical and actual specific fuel consumption were used as indicators to determine the energy efficiency. The main results are as follows. We have found the grain and sunflower seed production in the Dnieper Basin (Ukraine). Their shares range from 34.75 to 50.92% of national production. Therefore, there is a significant flow of products for inland shipping. The present status of inland waterways transport has been analyzed. The main novelty of this study is the finding of actual and theoretical technical specific energy consumption. It is revealed that actual specific energy consumption is five times higher compared to the theoretical one. Self-propelled vessels are inferior in energy efficiency to towing barges. The energy efficiency of inland waterways transport has been compared to railways and road freight transport. Transport management was identified as the more effective tool to improve the energy efficiency of inland shipping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the description of the transport logistics system for the carriage of goods on sea and inland waterways. The cargo line was calculated using sea and river transport routes and the calculation results were assessed. The coefficient of the circular voyage is given, which shows the need for the fleet in different types of vessels for the sea and inland water sections of the cargo line on condition that the vessels are equally loaded.

The paper presents issues related to the possibility of using an electric propulsion system for inland craft, in this particular case self-propelled barges. Perspectives for development of inland water transport in Poland are presented. Historical engineering designs used in water transport at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries are shown. The current status of stock used in inland navigation along with the condition of waterways available in Poland is presented. Energy consumption by inland craft using various configurations of propulsion systems is discussed, along with comparison of energy consumption during transport of goods using road transport, rail transport and inland waterway transport. In addition to the hybrid electric and diesel propulsion systems, the alternative is to use the electric rail mules for moving the barges.

The paper continues the study of the same authors, who previously proposed a method of risk assessment in inland navigation. In the literature there is a gap in the research area of a risk management of transportation systems, especially: inland navigation. The authors carried out interdisciplinary research and presented the results related to the identification of risk factors present in the systems of inland navigation. The paper presents inland navigation risk analysis, conducted using the linguistic variables and the FMEA method, taking into account technical, economic and social aspects. The aim of the article is to present a procedure for the assessment of risk in inland waterways transport, and carry out risk analysis for transport companies. In paper the proposal of behavior scenarios, methods of preventing and minimizing effects of pointed risks are shown.

The paper contains the analysis of the possibility of container transportation on the Oder Waterway (the Gliwice Canal, the canalized stretch of the Oder River, and the regulated stretch of the Oder River), on the assumption that the waterway complies with conditions of class III European waterway. The analysis is based on the concept of modern motor cargo vessel, adjusted to hydraulic parameters of waterway. The vessel is designed for ballasting when passing under bridges. The amount of ballast water that enables transportation of two tiers of containers is given. The costs of waterborne transportation are compared to the costs of rail transportation of containers on selected shipping routes.

Lloyd Bydgoski Inc. was the largest inland shipping company in Poland during the interwar period. It was established in 1891 on the foundations of a pre-existing German shipping company. After the end of the First World War, the development of the company accelerated through the use of the Bydgoszcz Canal and the timber port in Bydgoszcz. However, the transition from Prussian jurisdiction to the re-established Polish state caused considerable problems for the company. The aim of this article is to analyse and evaluate the management policy of Lloyd Bydgoski Inc. under new conditions, namely in the Second Polish Republic. As it turned out, almost throughout the entire interwar period, the company from Bydgoszcz was in serious financial trouble, which cannot be entirely accounted for by the world economic crisis of 1929-1933. This raises the question about the purpose of the company's activity in the face of considerable financial losses. To conduct the analysis, various archival documents kept in the Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw and in the State Archives in Bydgoszcz, which have not been given sufficient consideration so far, were studied. It has been proven that the management of Lloyd Bydgoski Inc. took the right steps in the years 1926-1929, that is the only period when the company made a profit. The company from Bydgoszcz was forced to face two economic crises: global and internal. The latter was caused by incompetence and wastefulness on the part of the company's management. The company survived until the outbreak of the Second World War. Unfortunately, the decline in importance of the Bydgoszcz Canal and Bydgoszcz itself in favour of Toruń meant that Lloyd Bydgoski Inc. did not manage to regain its former significance during the interwar period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prolonged periods of drought affect river discharges and cause water levels and available water depth to drop for extended periods of time. Low water depth has a major impact on the loading capacity of inland ships, and as a consequence on the transport capacity of the overall waterborne supply chain. Individual ship owners have detailed knowledge on how much the draught of their ship and the associated cargo weight should be reduced to adapt to low water. These parameters are even adjusted as a function of environmental circumstances (e.g. composition of the riverbed) and type of cargo. This detailed knowledge is, however, not accessible at an aggregated level to assess the effects on the overall transport capacity of an inland waterway transport network. Based on a range of field observations and information collected from individual ships, this article introduces a general model to define the effect of low water constraints on the deadweight and payload of inland ships, for which only the type, length, and beam of the vessel serve as mandatory input. Availability of a general model of the capacity reducing effect of lowered water depth is important for the design and operation of robust transport chains on the one hand, and for the optimisation of fairway maintenance and long-term infrastructure development on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses required personnel, training capacities and equipment for participation in the United Nations peacekeeping operations with the riverine elements. In order to meet necessary capabilities for engagement in United Nations peacekeeping operations, Serbian military riverine units have to be compatible with the issued UN requirements. Serbian Armed Forces have the potential to reach such requirements with the River Flotilla as a pivot for the participation in UN missions. Serbian Military Academy adopted and developed educational and training program in accordance with the provisions and recommendations of the IMO conventions and IMO model courses. Serbian Military Academy has opportunities for education and training military riverine units for participation in the United Nations peacekeeping operations. Moreover, Serbia has Multinational Operations Training Center and Peacekeeping Operations Center certified to provide selection, training, equipping and preparations of individuals and units to the United Nations multinational operations.

This article presents the main hazards that occur in the context of inland navigation and their impact on the vessel. First, characteristics are extracted from the following methods with regard to identifying threats: involving steering gear damage to an inland vessel moving on a straight waterway. Next, a hazard identification model is presented, which is appropriate to a situation involving steering gear damage to an inland vessel moving on a straight fairway.

Maritime accidents have received considerable attentions due to the enormous property damage, casualties and serious environmental pollution. This paper first makes statistical analysis of the different types of maritime accidents in the period of 2012 to 2014 in the Yangtze River. Second, the problems of emergency management of maritime accidents are also proposed from the analysis of the major accident “Eastern Star”.. Afterwards, four practice cases, including decision support for maritime accidents, emergency resource allocation, emergency simulation system and effectiveness of emergency management, are introduced to present the insights gained from these practices. Last, in order to address these problems, this paper proposes that an artificial societies, Computational experiments, and Parallel execution (ACP) approach should be introduced to establish an improved management system for maritime accidents in the future, and an ACP based maritime accident emergency management framework is proposed.

The article concerns the problem of inland waterways transport of LNG. Its aim is to present the algorithm of conceptual design of inland barges for LNG transport, intended for exploitation on European waterways. The article describes the areas where LNG barges exist, depending on the allowable operating parameters on the waterways. It presents existing architectural and construction solutions of barges for inland LNG transport, as well as the necessary equipment, due to the nature of cargo. Then the article presents the procedure of the conceptual design of LNG barges, including navigation restrictions and functional and economic criteria. The conceptual design algorithm of LGN barges, presented in the article, allows to preliminary design calculations, on the basis of which, are obtained the main dimensions and parameters of unit, depending on the transport task and the class of inland waterways, on which the transport will be realized.

The main aim of this article is to present a method to process Inland AIS (automatic identification system) data that is part of RIS (river information services), as well as to synthesize and visualize information obtained from it for further analysis. This article presents problems with imaging the position of inland navigation units in the immediate vicinity of the Długi and Kolejowy Bridges in Szczecin. The passing of 80 inland units on this section of the Western Oder River was analyzed. Data were obtained from the AIS message database and industrial cameras of the RIS Monitoring Centre at the Inland Navigation Office in Szczecin. 35 units were equipped with AIS messaging devices. This article analyzed the data after previous processing, which consisted of selecting appropriate research units and decoding AIS messages recorded in the VDM message type (VHF Data Link Message). Then, the acquired positions of inland navigation units on the map were visualized to calculate the number of errors and their location. The obtained data were used to illustrate the locations of interference during the operation of transmitter-receiver equipment that prevented determining the exact position of inland navigation units in the immediate vicinity of the above-mentioned bridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We study the stowage problem in inland shipping. • We develop two novel mathematical model. • A hybrid optimization framework is developed. • The metaheuristic produces high-quality results against the relaxed model. • Experiments on real-world data shows the limitations of current practices. The typical voyage of a barge transporting maritime containers inland, consists of visiting a set of terminals where loading/unloading operations occur. The required stowage plans must meet stability requirements during all transport phases and avoid costly re-handling operations. In this paper, we formalize this problem and consider a typical dry-port transport system. We propose a comprehensive mathematical model that seeks to maximize stowed containers. To solve it, we develop a hybrid metaheuristic approach, based on local search and an industrial solver. Numerical experiments, based on real-world data, provide insights into the performances of the proposed framework and current stowage practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the activities of the European Union (EU) and Poland to develop inland waterways as an environmentally-friendly transport method. The paper presents positive aspects of transferring part of the load from other methods of transport, such as railways or cars, to inland vessels. It shows the level of development of inland navigation in the EU and indicates favorable natural conditions for doing so. The article addresses the issues of the insufficient state of waterway infrastructure in Poland and presents measures to improve it. It also identifies the main EU and government programs seeking to standardize a common transport space of the EU by developing inland navigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inland ports in Europe, having undergone transformation for several decades, have become multifunctional economic spaces. Currently, these are not only transport nodes in land-water traditional transport chains but today also supply the locations of intermodal terminals, distribution centers, service and production companies, or technology parks. Multifunctional inland ports also form part of the economic systems of cities and regions, contributing to their development. The aim of this article is to present the best practices in managing inland ports in Europe. In the article, using the results of research on inland waterway transport, it is pointed out what practices in managing inland ports have led, in many cases, to their increased importance in both multi-branch transport systems and the economic development of cities and regions. The study used literature on the subject, specific information on selected European inland ports, and development strategies for selected regions in Europe, including inland waterway transport. On the basis of the above, best practices leading to the long-term development of inland ports and maximizing the added value arising in their areas were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the major issues with freight carriage is choosing the ideal mode of transport. This is no different for transporting cargos in maritime trading, where the land section of the transport route may be accomplished by inland shipping, provided sufficient transport infrastructure exists. This article presents the results of a study on the demand for inland shipping to and from the seaports of Szczecin and Świnoujście. The research study was carried out in 2017 by applying demoscopic methods. Interviews were conducted with major cargo shippers involved in maritime trading based within the Oder Waterway corridor who import/export over 10,000 tonnes of cargo per year. The interviews made it possible to obtain information on the most important factors considered by individual cargo shippers while organizing their transport processes. In addition to identifying the determinants themselves and to specify their nature, the study also indicated the positive and negative consequences of each determinant on the modal shift to inland shipping. The research in this study showed that a key role was played by determinants connected with the characteristics of carried cargoes, features of a given transport mode, and financial consequences of choosing a certain transport solution. An important factor was also the characteristics of the cargo shippers declaring the demand for transport, as well as changes in the cargo structure and the directional structure of foreign trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the VHF communications system architecture for inland navigation within the area of operation of the RIS-PL Centre. The author has described the communication system modules used in the RIS on the Lower Oder stretch and presented the relevant equipment specification. The present condition of the system has been described, taking into consideration the location of its components, both in the field and in the environment, of key importance for VHF communication. The feasibility of implementation of GMDSS subsystems for integrated navigational data transmission in maritime and inland navigation at the RIS-PL Centre has been discussed.

Inland shipping has received extensive attention in practice and is a high energy-consuming service sensitive to the river streamflow speed and the uncertain lock traversing time of dams. In this study, we propose a joint ship schedule design and sailing speed optimization problem for a single inland shipping service by incorporating the effects of nonidentical streamflow speed and the uncertain dam transit time. A bi-objective programming model is developed for the proposed problem to simultaneously minimize the total bunker consumption and the ship round-trip time with service level constraints. The service level at each port call is captured by the punctual arrival probability of the ship not less than a predefined value. By introducing the term of buffer times, we analytically derive the Pareto optimal solutions of the ship sailing speeds and schedule. The theoretical method is extended to the case with an arbitrary number of dams and the uncertain port service and leg voyage time. We also examine the relationship between the Pareto optimal solution in this study and the solutions of the previous joint sailing speed and schedule optimization problems in the liner shipping service design. Numerical experiments based on the Yangtze River are conducted. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0808. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an important maritime safety device, which is populous in inland rivers. Compared with that in open sea, the Package Error Rate (PER) of AIS in inland river has increased sharply due to its complex environment. With the help of hardware in loop simulation, it is possible to make statistical calculation on the PER under a given field strength and describe the data by quadratic rational fraction. Meanwhile, in the three dimensional software environments, the signal field strength is able to be calculated by the ray tracking method, which exhausts all the possible propagation paths, including direct way, reflection, diffractions, and the other medium attenuation matters. Beyond that, in the model, the propagation geography information in inland rivers is required to be simplified in some way, or the computation of the ray tracking is too hard to get. The paper set the Changjiang Wuhan channel as the field testing region, and all the deviations are less than 5% in sunny weather, which proves the method accurate and effective.

In Poland, inland shipping plays only a mariginal role in transport needs fulfillment. Inland shipping has a share of mere 0,3% in goods transport modal split. The reason for this is poor and variable technical parameters of inland waterways together with adverse legal regulations. Different situation takes place in Western European countries, in which the development of this mode of transport is viewed as a way of road transport develop-ment restraint. In Poland, the need to move some of the volume from road transport to in-land shipping is specifically observed within marine ports surroundings. Because of their complex nature, the investments in inland shipping infrastructure would also be helpful in solving the current problems of water management. Inland waterways in Poland guaran-tee neither an adequate level of flood protection, nor the water needs fulfillment of do-mestic economy. When it comes to water reserves, Poland is one of the most deficient countries in Europe. Thus there is a need to invest in inland waterways in Poland.

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an important maritime safety device, which is populous in inland rivers. Compared with that in open sea, the Package Error Rate (PER) of AIS in inland river has increased sharply due to its complex environment. With the help of hardware in loop simulation, it is possible to make statistical calculation on the PER under a given field strength and describe the data by quadratic rational fraction. Meanwhile, in the three dimensional software environments, the signal field strength is able to be calculated by the ray tracking method, which exhausts all the possible propagation paths, including direct way, reflection, diffractions, and the other medium attenuation matters. Beyond that, in the model, the propagation geography information in inland rivers is required to be simplified in some way, or the computation of the ray tracking is too hard to get. The paper set the Changjiang Wuhan channel as the field testing region, and all the deviations are less than 5% in sunny weather, which proves the method accurate and effective.

This article presents the results of research on determining inland vessel position using a single stationary, non-metric camera, which was positioned on the Długi Bridge in Szczecin. Studies included a comparison of graphical methods (i.e. geometric transformation and the bunch of rays method) and analytical methods (i.e. 2D to 2D transformation and 3D to 2D transformation). The research material was a collection of video images of an inland vessel navigating the West Odra River between the Długi and Kolejowy bridges in Szczecin. The results of the research were compared to reference points determined using tachymetric surveys and material acquired by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and the onboard GNSS satellite receiver with Real Time Kinematic (RTK) correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile navigation for inland shipping is an example of a GIS system dedicated for recreational users using inland waterways. Developing this system is a primary purpose of the research project "Mobile Navigation for Inland Waters" funded by the National Centre for Research and Development under the program LIDER. System assumptions include the development of a dedicated model of mobile cartographic presentation, taking into account the generalization of data. This article is focused on simplification of line and polygon features, included in the spatial data model MODEF (MObinav Data Exchange Format), which is used in the created system. During the simplification of line features, the Douglas-Peucker algorithm was mainly implemented. During the simplification of polygon features, a simplification method was applied, maintaining the basic shape and size of the objects. A simplification tolerance parameter and a parameter determining the minimum area of the object was also used. In addition, objects within a certain distance were merged. A smoothing tool for the shape and size of buildings and the PEAK method (Polynomial Approximation with Exponential Kernel) were used as well. Furthermore, a selection tool was employed and features with minor importance to the user were deleted during navigation mode. Given the requirements of the future user of the system, a separate model simplification for each of the layers of the system was created; these models are combinations of the methods listed above. The overriding factor that has been taken into account during the research of simplification methods, was the limitation of the sharpness of human eyes. The study of generalization methods was carried out in ArcGIS software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Upper Notec River is an important part of the waterway which is connecting Warta River and Bydgoszcz Canal. Tourist attractions are main reason for tourists visiting of the "Wielkopolska Loops". The article characterized hydrotechnical infrastructure, hydrological and depth conditions of the waterway which have an impact on the development of tourism and inland load shipping.

Józefowicz Daniel, Szatten Dawid, Rabant Hubert. Charakterystyka warunków żeglugowych Brdy skanalizowanej = Characteristics of shipping conditions of canalized part of the Brda River. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(12):564-574. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.216406 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4100 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 754 (09.12.2016). 754 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.12.2016. Revised 12.12.2016. Accepted: 20.12.2016. Charakterystyka warunków żeglugowych Brdy skanalizowanej Characteristics of shipping conditions of canalized part of the Brda River Daniel Józefowicz, Dawid Szatten, Hubert Rabant Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Wydział Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Instytut Geografii, ul. Mińska 15, 85-428 Bydgoszcz STRESZCZENIE Ujściowy odcinek Brdy stanowi kluczowy fragment Międzynarodowej Drogi Wodnej E-70. Łączy on rzekę Wisłę z Kanałem Bydgoskim, stanowiącym przedłużenie szlaku wodnego w kierunku dorzecza Odry. W artykule scharakteryzowano stan infrastruktury wodnej pod kątem istniejących przeszkód nawigacyjnych, warunków głębokościowych oraz zagospodarowania turystycznego. Odniesiono się ponadto do obowiązujących przepisów krajowych dla śródlądowych dróg wodnych. Umożliwiło to ocenę bezpieczeństwa analizowanej części rzeki Brdy do prowadzenia żeglugi. ABSTRACT The mouth of the Brda River is a key part of the International Waterway E-70. It connect the Vistula River with the Bydgoszcz Canal, which is an extension of the waterway in the direction of the Odra River Basin. The research characterized the state of the water infrastructure in terms of existing barriers of navigation, depth conditions and tourist development. Furthermore makes reference to the applicable national regulations for inland waterways. This allowed to prepare safety assessment of the analysed part of the Brda River for inland shipping. SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: Brda, żegluga śródlądowa, Międzynarodowa Droga Wodna E-70 KEY WORDS: Brda River, inland shipping, International Waterway E-70

Galor Wiesław, Nadolny Grzegorz, Szatten Dawid. Stan infrastruktury hydrotechnicznej w aspekcie rozwoju turystyki i transportu wodnego na Kanale Bydgoskim = Conditions of hydrotechnical infrastructure in the aspect of development of tourism and water transport on the Bydgoszcz Canal. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(10):146-157. ISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.32541 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2810%29%3A146-157 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/660767 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2015. Revised 05.09.2015. Accepted: 20.10.2015. Stan infrastruktury hydrotechnicznej w aspekcie rozwoju turystyki i transportu wodnego na Kanale Bydgoskim Conditions of hydrotechnical infrastructure in the aspect of development of tourism and water transport on the Bydgoszcz Canal Wiesław Galor, Grzegorz Nadolny, Dawid Szatten Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Wydział Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Instytut Geografii, 85-428 Bydgoszcz, ul. Mińska 15 Streszczenie Kanał Bydgoski, wybudowany w latach 70-tych XVIII wieku, łączy dorzecza Wisły i Odry. Jego unikalne położenie warunkuje rozwój żeglugi śródlądowej w skali regionu oraz Europy Środkowej. W pracy scharakteryzowano stan infrastruktury technicznej oraz warunki hydrologiczne drogi wodnej. Kanał Bydgoski należy do II kategorii dróg wodnych. Projekty realizowane w skali krajowej i europejskiej, przyczyniają się do poprawy stanu infrastruktury wodnej, powodując wzrost atrakcyjności Kanału Bydgoskiego oraz regionu. Słowa kluczowe: żegluga śródlądowa, infrastruktura hydrotechniczna, drogi wodne, Kanał Bydgoski. Abstract Bydgoszcz Canal, built in the 70’s of eighteenth century, connects the Vistula and Oder rivers basins. It’s unique location determines the development of inland shipping in the region and Central Europe scales. The study characterized the state of the technical infrastructure and hydrological conditions of the waterway. Bydgoszcz Canal belongs to the II category of waterways. Projects implemented in national and European level, contribute to the improvement of hydrotechnical infrastructure, causing an increase in the attractiveness of the Bydgoszcz Canal and the region. Key words: inland shipping, hydrotechnical infrastructure, waterways, Bydgoszcz Canal.

Inland river shipping has greatly promoted Chinese social and economic development, but meanwhile it has also inevitably caused serious environmental pollution. In terms of the characteristics of the inland shipping pollution and the deficiencies of the relevant existing management means, this paper studies the environmental taxes of the inland shipping based on the incentive regulation theory. Back propagation (BP) artificial neural network and the 'concentration-loss' model focus on estimation of the environmental taxes rate. The research provides constructive ideas for the effective control of water pollution in inland shipping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's inland shipping industry is under urgent pressure to reduce its emissions. Identifying carbon emission sources and estimating carbon emissions from multiple perspectives form the basis for scientifically proposing low-carbon pathways for inland shipping. Carbon footprint assessment models for inland ships were developed from both micro and macro perspectives to assess the carbon emissions of individual ships and fleets. An inland diesel-powered ship was taken as an example to analyse the carbon footprint of LNG (liquid nature gas) and methanol as alternative fuels, and the uncertainty and economy were analysed. The carbon emissions from China's inland shipping in 2019–2020 were studied using an improved turnover method, and the carbon intensities of inland passenger and freight transportation were analysed. Finally, low-carbon pathways for inland shipping were proposed. The results show that the CO 2-eq of the LNG scheme was 6.83% and 53.99% less than that of diesel and coal-based methanol, respectively, making it a suitable fuel alternative for ships. CO 2 emissions from inland shipping reached 20.924 million tons in 2019, followed by a 0.98% reduction by 2020. The carbon intensity of freight transportation was less than that of passenger transportation; however, the energy consumption carbon intensities of both were approximately equal. • A micro-macro model is established to assess the carbon footprint of inland shipping. • Extended LCA and improved turnover method are used to calculate carbon emissions. • From the micro-macro perspective, the low-carbon pathways of inland shipping are proposed. • LNG is suitable as an alternative fuel for inland ships in China. • Inland shipping decarburisation need energy consumption and transport structure transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]