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NutriBee was the first clinical nutrition intervention designed to bring the Institute of Medicine recommendations for 20 hours of experiential nutrition-themed learning to grades 4-7 into club and camp settings. We piloted NutriBee to assess acceptability and impact among early adolescents in diverse and disadvantaged communities in order to evaluate its future potential as a group medical nutrition intervention.Nine communities across Guam, Maryland, Michigan, and New Mexico representing South Pacific Island, American Indian, urban African American, recently immigrated Hispanic, and rural Caucasian ethnic groups piloted NutriBee in nonclinical settings (clubs, schools, camps). The 6 club and camp pilots administered consenting NutriBee participants a 41-question pre-post survey assessing impact on food selection and the psychosocial parameters of intentions, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and knowledge. Process measures included dose, fidelity, and acceptability questions.Pre- and postsurveys were completed by 170 of 179 (95%) consenting, eligible participants. Impact scores increased significantly (p0.001): Food selection behavior (+9.3%), intentions (+19.1%), outcome expectations (+15.1%), self-efficacy (+7.4%), and knowledge (+17.6%). Each pilot (n = 6) demonstrated significant (p0.001) impact, a mean dose delivered of 80% (16 hours) or higher, and an acceptability score of at least 74%. Girls participating in girl-only programs (n = 72) shared greater impact than girls in coed programs (n = 41; 13.6% vs. 10.4% mean score increase, p = 0.05).NutriBee successfully extended the impact of an IOM-aligned intervention to club and camp settings to which clinicians can refer at-risk early adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: Dysfunction of the HPA axis, as evidenced by alterations in the diurnal salivary cortisol rhythm, has been shown to contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity both directly by skewing body composition and indirectly by altering appetite and microbiome. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a laboratory and clinical-guided dietary supplemental protocol on HPA axis dysfunction. METHODS: This study examines a cohort of 703 patients utilizing a clinical analysis of 1. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis tests which were 4 point salivary cotisol, 2 point salivary DHEA, and 6 urinary neurotransmitters. 2. Self-reported Quality of Life questionnaire 3. Personalized dietary supplementation with neurotransmitter amino acid precursors and/or adrenal support monitored for 8 months. RESULTS: Pre and post test demonstrated improved sleep quality (47%, P

Food and nutrients in disease management , Food and nutrients in disease management , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

Objective: Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is known to be proportional to body weight and to follow allometric scaling principles. We hypothesized that RMR can be predicted from an allometric formula with weight alone as an independent variable. Research Methods and Procedures: An allometric, power-law scaling model was fit to RMR measurements obtained from a cohort of patients being treated for weight loss. This, as well as many of the commonly used RMR-predicting formulas, was tested for RMR prediction ability against a large publicly available RMR database. Bland-Altman analysis was used to determine the efficacy of the various RMR-predicting formulas in obese and non-obese subjects. Results: Power law modeling of the RMR—body weight relationship yielded the following RMR-predicting equations: RMRWomen = 248 × Weight0.4356 − (5.09 × Age) and RMRMen = 293 × Weight0.4330 − (5.92 × Age). Partial correlation analysis revealed that age significantly contributed to RMR variance and was necessary to include in RMR prediction formulas. The James, allometric, and Harris-Benedict formulas all yielded reasonable RMR predictions for normal sized and obese subjects. Discussion: A simple power formula relating RMR to body weight can be a reasonable RMR estimator for normal-sized and obese individuals but still requires an age term and separate formulas for men and women for the best possible RMR estimates. The apparent performance of RMR-predicting formulas is highly dependent on the methodology employed to compare the various formulas.

Background Early adolescents perceive peers as credible and relatable. Peers therefore have a unique conduit to engage early adolescents in positive health behaviors through nutrition learning such as that recommended by the U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM). Purpose We developed an online, peer leader component to an existing in-person preventive nutrition intervention called NutriBee. We reasoned that youth ages 13–18 could create intervention materials that could remain engaging, credible and relatable to younger peers ages 10–12 online. Peer leaders could potentially derive health benefits from their service-learning experience. Methods From 2013–2014 youth could apply online to relate a personal interest to nutrition, an opportunity promoted at NutriBee pilot sites and through social media. The peer leaders with diverse backgrounds honed original ideas into tangible projects with the support of adult subject-matter experts chosen by the youth. Nutrition expertise was provided by NutriBee staff who then also converted the youth-invented projects from various media into an online curriculum. Results 19 of 27 (70%) of selected youth from 12 states and diverse backgrounds, created an online curriculum comprising 10% of NutriBee’s 20-hour intervention. All 19 online projects modeled 1 or more of NutriBee’s 10 positive health behaviors; 8 evoked the chemosenses; 6 conveyed food texture; and 13 provided social context. Peer leaders perceived career advancement and service learning benefits. The dose, pedagogic approach, and project content align with the IOM recommendation. Conclusions Youth created intervention materials which communicate positive health behaviors online in ways peers can adopt. In a customarily sight-sound digital platform, youth leveraged the senses of smell, taste and touch and social context important for food selection. Peer leaders derived health benefit, as indirectly assessed by IOM criteria.

Background Medications necessary for disease management can simultaneously contribute to weight gain, especially in children. Patients with preexisting obesity are more susceptible to medication-related weight gain. How equipped are primary care practitioners at identifying and potentially reducing medication-related weight gain? To inform this question germane to public health we sought to identify potential gaps in clinician knowledge related to metabolic adverse drug effects of weight gain. Methods The study analyzed practitioner responses to the pre-activity questions of six continuing medical education (CME) activities from May 2009 through August 2010. Results The 20,705 consecutive, self-selected respondents indicated varied levels of familiarity with adverse metabolic effects and psychiatric indications of atypical antipsychotics. Correct responses were lower than predicted for drug indications pertaining to autism (−17% predicted); drug effects on insulin resistance (−62% predicted); chronic disease risk in mental illness (−34% predicted); and drug safety research (−40% predicted). Pediatrician knowledge scores were similar to other primary care practitioners. Conclusions Clinicians’ knowledge of medication-related weight gain may lead them to overestimate the benefits of a drug in relation to its metabolic risks. The knowledge base of pediatricians appears comparable to their counterparts in adult medicine, even though metabolic drug effects in children have only become prevalent recently.

Food and nutrients are the original medicine and the shoulders on which modern medicine stands. But in recent decades, food and medicine have taken divergent paths and the natural healing properties of food have been diminished in the wake of modern technical progress. With contributions from highly regarded experts who work on the frontlines of disease management, the bestselling first edition of Advancing Medicine with Food and Nutrients, Food and Nutrients in Disease Management effectively brought food back into the clinical arena, helping physicians put food and nutrients back on the prescription pad. Board-certified in General Preventive Medicine, Ingrid Kohlstadt, MD, MPH has been elected a Fellow of the American College of Nutrition and a Fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine. Guided by Dr. Kohlstadt, this authoritative reference equips clinicians with the information they need to fully utilize nutritional medicine in their practice. New in the Second Edition Toxic exposures such as molds, microbial infections, xenoestrogens, heavy metals, and inert nanoparticles Food safety issues: precautions for patients with preexisting medical conditions, adequate labeling of food allergens such as gluten, potential adverse effects of artificial sweeteners, consequences of applying ionizing radiation to food, food-borne mycotoxins, critical food restrictions following bariatric surgery, precautions for preparing food in the home Consumer advocacy issues on navigating claims of medical foods and dietary supplements Physical forces on nutritional needs, such as ultraviolet light initiating vitamin D synthesis, non-ionizing radiation’s effects on brain glucose metabolism and excess body fat’s effects on inflammation and hydration Preventive medicine and how to preserve resiliency at the individual and public health levels Written by doctors for doctors, Advancing Medicine with Food and Nutrients, Second Edition reunites food and medicine. Buttressed with new evidence, leading physicians on the frontlines of disease management apply the latest scientific advances to the clinical practice of medicine. Each chapter offers adjuncts to standard care, fewer side effects, improved risk reduction, or added quality of life. An article by Ingrid Kohlstadt on education and nutrition appeared in TIME Magazine online on November 12, 2014.

The incidence of nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is rising worldwide, especially in women and with increasing age. Kidney stones are associated with chronic kidney disease. Preventing recurrence is largely specific to the type of stone (e.g., calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, cystine, struvite [magnesium ammonium phosphate]), and uric acid stones); however, even when the stone cannot be retrieved, urine pH and 24-hour urine assessment provide information about stone-forming factors that can guide prevention. Medications, such as protease inhibitors, antibiotics, and some diuretics, increase the risk of some types of kidney stones, and patients should be counseled about the risks of using these medications. Managing diet, medication use, and nutrient intake can help prevent the formation of kidney stones. Obesity increases the risk of kidney stones. However, weight loss could undermine prevention of kidney stones if associated with a high animal protein intake, laxative abuse, rapid loss of lean tissue, or poor hydration. For prevention of calcium oxalate, cystine, and uric acid stones, urine should be alkalinized by eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables, taking supplemental or prescription citrate, or drinking alkaline mineral waters. For prevention of calcium phosphate and struvite stones, urine should be acidified; cranberry juice or betaine can lower urine pH. Antispasmodic medications, ureteroscopy, and metabolic testing are increasingly being used to augment fluid and pain medications in the acute management of kidney stones.

(Consider omitting the portion of the titles which follows the colon, if this is helpful for formatting) Frontiers and Technologic Advances Body Composition: Quantifying the Musculoskeletal System, I. Janssen Nutrigenomics: Strategic Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders of Aging, J. Bland Early Environments: Fetal and Infant Nutrition, S.W. Chan, and G. Pereira Key Nutrients Fat, M.G. Enig, and I. Kohlstadt Carbohydrate, J.D. Bagnulo Protein, D.I. Minkoff Antioxidants, G.K. Harris and D.J. Baer Water: A Driving Force in the Musculoskeletal System, F. Batmanghelidj and I. Kohlstadt Magnesium, A. Buford-Mason Vitamin D, M.F. Holick Chromium: Roles in the Regulation of Lean Body Mass and Body Weight, R.A. Anderson Fat Tissue Energy Balance, W.C. Miller Neuroendocrine Regulation of Appetite, C. Contoreggi and I. Kohlstadt Estrogen's Role in the Regulation of Appetite and Body Fat, P.J. Geiselman and S.R. Smith Childhood Obesity, A.D. Salbe, M.B. Schwartz, and I. Kohlstadt Bariatric Surgery: More Effective with Nutrition, I. Kohlstadt Malnutrition: Applying the Physiology of Food Restriction to Clinical Practice, A.S. Dweck Muscle Tissue Muscle Atrophy, K.R. Short Muscle Strain, I. Kohlstadt, E. Schweitzer, K. Mutter, and L.B. Godwin Muscle Hypertrophy, S.E.Alway Soft Tissue Osteoarthritis, L. Mischley and D. Musnick Fibromyalgia, J. Teitelbaum Gout, T. Helman Oral Markers of Tissue Health, H. Luechauer and K. Poleson Bone Bone Nutrition, S.E. Brown Osteoporosis, J.J. Lamb Fractures, C. Nadelson and K.B. Gebke Physical Stress Preparing for Orthopedic Surgery, V. Joseph and I. Kohlstadt Xenobiotics: Managing Toxic Metals, Biocides, Hormone Mimics, Solvents and Chemical Disruptors, R. Jaffe Ergogenics: Maintaining Performance during Physical Stress, L.R. Bucci Terrestrial Extremes: Nutritional Considerations for High Altitude and Cold and Hot Climates, M.A. Pikosky and A.J. Young