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Abstract Construction industry plays a significant role in the economic development of the nation. Due to site and other constraints, concreting is preferred by ready mix concrete (RMC) plants. It is very well-known fact that the construction industry immensely contributed for CO2 emission mainly from cement-based materials. One of the way to achieve smart city objective to effectively manage ready mix concrete plants. While opting for RMC over site mixing offers various advantages. In this study, key factors governing the sustainability and energy consumption of RMC plants are identified. This study investigates the efficiency and sustainability of RMC production in Maharashtra, suggesting that its efficiency hinges on various factors. Through a constructivist perspective, the research examines twelve RMC plants in Pune mainly and other parts of Maharashtra, finding that power supply, plant output, and capacity require sustainability. While raw material supply is deemed sustainable, management methods and product control were found lacking. The study identifies challenges affecting demand, such as regulatory issues, management issues and technological limitations. The conclusion emphasizes the need for alternative and sustainable power sources, skilled labor, and improved business processes to enhance RMC production efficiency in Maharashtra, recommending measures like waste reuse and innovative advancements. This study will help the stakeholders in prioritizing the resources and process towards more sustainable way.

Introduction: Periodic review of Question papers is needed to ensure validity of student assessment. Blueprint is an effective tool to guide Paper setters. Objectives: To assess coverage and weightage of content areas in last 10 years (2012-2021) UG Community Medicine Question papers in West Bengal and to prepare a Blueprint of teaching and assessment in Theory Examination for the above subject. Method: Secondary data analysis was done on University Question papers (40 in number). For Blueprinting, inputs of 13 Faculty members were considered. The duration of the study was one year (Nov 2021-Oct 2022). Results: Overall, Basic and Disease Epidemiology were given maximum weightage (10.2%+23.8%= 34.0%) followed by Maternal and child health (MCH) (14.2%). Poor coverage and weightage was seen in Social & Behavioural sciences, Health planning and management, Geriatric health problems and Genetic diseases, which were allotted only 4.2% marks combined. There was cross-over of topics between two Papers (averaging 4.3% to Paper I and 8.4% to Paper II) in all the years with wide range across the period (2012 - 2021). The Blueprint suggested decrease in weightage of Epidemiology (28.4% vs 34.0%) and Health care delivery (5.0% vs 7.8%) whereas increase of weightage of 'Others' (24.2% vs 14.8%) compared to Question papers. Conclusion: There was inconsistency in coverage and weightage to different topics across the years. This review, along with the Blueprint prepared, would be helpful to improve teaching and assessment in the above subject.

Introduction: The study examined mandibular premolars’ root and canal distribution across genders and sides. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of mandibular premolars was performed using SINORA ORTHOPHOS XG 3D, with specific parameters set. Results: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of 100 participants revealed mostly single-rooted premolars, with slight variations, notably among females. Mandibular first premolars predominantly had single canals and roots, with a higher occurrence of two canals in females. Statistical analysis showed no significant gender- or side-based differences in root distribution. The findings underscore gender-specific variations in premolar morphology, highlighting the importance of tailored treatment planning, especially for the left side. Conclusion: While CBCT proves valuable, further research is needed to optimize its utility in endodontic decision-making.

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article. The PCSS has retracted paper "Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of CaMgAl10O17:Sm3+ phosphor for n-UV solid-state lighting". This paper was submitted to the journal Physics and Chemistry of Solid State on August 30, 2023. September 14, 2023: the submission was checked by the Unicheck system and was recommended for work with reviewers. February 27, 2024: Proofreading version sent to authors. March 30, 2024: The editorial office received a letter from the authors of the paper stating that there are no comments on the proofreading. The article was published on May 6, 2024. May 22, 2024: The editorial office received a letter from the authors of the paper stating that this paper was published in another journal. We withdraw your paper from publication in accordance with the principles of COPE (https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines). One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.

Introduction: Maxillofacial skeleton is the most vulnerable site for trauma due to its prominence. The aim of our study was to analyse the cause and pattern of maxillofacial injuries & to correlate the aetiology and pattern of facial injury. Materials and Methods: This prospective study includes 304 patients with facial trauma, who reported to our institute within a time span of 2 years. Data were collected on basis of sociodemographic status plus additional data obtained on type of injury, aetiology, location and status of the victim. Result: The most frequent cause of maxillofacial trauma (MFT) was fall (43.3%) followed by RTA (34.2%) and assault (15.1%). In upper 3rd face region frontal bone fracture was prevalent with 1.3%, while in the midface, zygomatic complex (ZMC) fracture (3.9%) and in lower 3rd part of face, mandible fracture (42.8%) and dentoalveolar fracture (30.2%). Mandible was the most prevalent site for trauma. Although fall was the main aetiological factor in our study, midfacial injuries were mainly due to assault and RTA. Combination of mandibular fracture and soft tissue injury were mainly seen in RTA and injury due to fall. Conservative management was mainly employed for treatment with 46.1% followed by ORIF with 36.2%. Conclusion: Changing trend in aetiology of MFT was noted. Furthermore, study should be conducted for better understanding, and to carry out preventive measure for the same.

Abstract Background Buffaloes have the highest potential for production due to a promising gene pool that is being enhanced and upgraded. Mastitis is a significant health impediment that greatly diminishes milk yield and quality, affecting rural farmers’ livelihoods. The traditional gold standard used for diagnosing mastitis or subclinical mastitis is CMT, but it has the drawback of false positive or negative results. Subclinical mastitis, if not treated promptly, can lead to mammary tumors. To address the gap in early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in CMT-negative milk of buffaloes, we performed a retrospective analysis and evaluated the milk miRNA expression profiles as potential biomarkers. Results Thirty buffalo milk samples based on clinical signs and CMT were divided into normal, subclinical, and clinical mastitis. SCC evaluation showed significant differences between the groups. The data analysis demonstrated that the elevation of miR-146a and miR-383 differed substantially between normal, subclinical, and clinical mastitis milk of buffaloes with 100% sensitivity and specificity. The relationship of SCC with miR-146a and miR-383 in normal/healthy and subclinical mastitis was positively correlated. Conclusion The overexpression of miR-146a and miR-383 is associated with inflammation. It can be a valuable prognostic and most sensitive biomarker for early mastitis detection in buffaloes with SCC below 2 lakhs and CMT-ve, enhancing the accuracy of subclinical mastitis diagnosis.

Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne hemoprotozoan disease of canines. Two main infective agents of the disease are intra-erythrocytic i.e. Babesia vogeli and Babesia gibsoni. In the present study, a total of 145 numbers of dogs (90 male and 55 female) in and around Akola, Maharashtra were screened from January 2022 to September 2022 for Babesiosis and 18 animals (12.41%) were found clinically and cytologically positive. The incidence of babesiosis was higher in females (11/145, 7.58%) than in males (07/ 145, 4.83%). Out of 18 positive samples, 14 (9.65%) and 4 (2.75%) animals were found infected with small and large forms of Babesia spp., respectively. Further small form was confirmed as B. gibsoni and the large form was confirmed as B. vogeli by employing PCR assay. All the cases with babesiosis revealed moderate to severe regenerative anemia with occasional basophilic stippling and Howell jolly bodies with hemoglobin ranging from 7 to 11 g/dL. Characteristic clinical features were observed among 18 positive clinical cases. The present investigation reports the incidence of B. vogeli and B. gibsoni in canines in and around Akola of Maharashtra state of India.

Introduction Glomerular hyperfiltration is highly frequent, theoretically dependent on cardiac output, low systemic vascular resistance and hemolysis markers. In sickle cell disease (SCD), hyperfiltration is an extremely common phenomenon and occurred in young and early adult patients. Despite the fact that the glomerular hyperfiltration is known as the early manifestations of sickle cell nephropathy, its burden among adult sickle cell disease in sub-Saharan is poor studied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hyperfiltrationMethods This was an analytical multicentric cross-sectional study involving stable adult sickle cell patients in Kinshasa, recruited between March and October 2023. Parameters of interest encompasses demographic, clinical, biological, echocardiographic and pulse wave measurement data. Hyperfiltration was defined using the CDK-EPI equation based on cystatin C; eGFR >130 for women and >140 ml/min/1.73m2 for men. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to search determinants of glomerular hyperfiltration.Results Two hundred and fourty six (246) patients with SCD were enrolled. The prevalence of hyperfiltration was 20.7%. In multiple logistic regression analysis, hyperfiltration status was independently associated with age (< 25 years) [3.57 (1.78-7.49); p = 0.027)], female sex [4.36 (2.55-5.62); p = 0.031), CRP (< 6 mg/l) [0.77 (0.61-0.97); p = 0.028)], central systolic pressure (< 100 mmHg) and central diastolic pressure (< 60 mmHg) [0.86(0.74-0.98), p = 0.028)], [(0.83 (0.71-0.98); p = 0.032)].Conclusion One out of five SS adults exhibits hyperfiltration, which is associated with young age and female sex, whereas low CRP and blood pressure were negative risk factors.

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) hold promises as catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion, especially in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Their high surface area and porosity combined with a tunable electronic structure featuring abundant metallic centers, make them attractive alternatives to traditional noble metal-based catalysts. Amongst these fascinating properties, the capacity for surface reconstruction to form active layers is one of the most sought-after characteristics of PBAs for enhanced activity. Recent advancements in operando and in situ techniques have further highlighted PBAs' capability for surface reconstruction during the electrocatalysis, particularly in alkaline solutions. State-of-the-art strategies for enhancing activity and stability of PBA-based catalysts, such as metal doping, tuning metal centers, introducing coordination sphere vacancies (VFeCN), and utilizing carbon supports, are closely linked to their ability towards surface reconstruction. However, key aspects warrant further exploration to achieve high electrocatalytic activity, including identifying initiators and pathways for surface reconstruction, establishing structure-property-activity correlations, and strategically manipulating in-situ catalyst surface reconstruction. This perspective focuses on understanding the transformation of PBA-based pre-catalysts to surface active layers on catalysts via surface reconstruction. A recent progress in PBA-catalysts towards advancing the electrochemical energy systems is highlighted. This perspective will guide the new entrants in the field to understand the process of surface transformation for establishing structure-property-activity relationships and thus to develop highly efficient PBA-based electrocatalysts.

Objectives: To study the common chronic health problems among the elderly patients attending in recently initiated geriatric screening OPD at the RHTC. Material and Methods: Since one year, screening OPD has been started at RHTC of SMVMCH, for old patients (>60 years), twice a week. A team of trained medical interns, a post-graduate, a faculty in Community Medicine and a counselor screen and counsel the elderly patients for common medical and mental health problems. The screening tool is structured and has been adopted for patients of geriatric OPD at RHTC. The screening tool consist of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-5), Psychosis screening, Alzheimer’s disease (AD8) questionnaire and checklist of common medical conditions. Patients were screened for early detection of health problems followed by counseling them/their caregivers and referral to specialty OPD for further care. Results: Total 512 elderly patients were screened over 4 months period from the start of geriatric OPD. Out of them, 276 (54%) and 117 (23%) were between the age group of 60-65 years and 66-70 years respectively. Among them 387 (75%) were below poverty line and 68 (13.3%) were having some kind of health insurance. GHQ score indicates that 255 (50%) patients had a score more than one and it was significantly higher among females compared to males. About 76 (16.8%) elderly had a score of > 1 for psychosis, out of which only 12 (14%) were referred to the higher centre. AD8 score shows 204 (40%) patients attended the clinic having a score more than 1 and it is significantly higher among females compared to males. Counseling for caregivers was given only in 13 (6%) of the patients with high AD8 score. Common chronic conditions present among them were joint pains (310, 60%), visual disturbances (247, 48%), hearing difficulty (120, 23.4%) and hypertension (107, 21%). Conclusion: The proportion of people with AD8 score more than 1 is high and most common chronic condition seen is joint pain. The action component of the clinic such as referral of dementia patients, psychosis patients and counseling of their care-givers need to be strengthened.

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a cohort of 500 patients diagnosed with precancerous lesions and conditions at a tertiary care hospital in Central India. Methods: 500 patients with confirmed precancerous oral lesions and conditions were recruited for the study. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire, a validated instrument consisting of 14 items, was used to assess the OHRQoL of the participants. The OHIP-14 questionnaire scores were statistically analyzed using appropriate methods. Results: The majority of the participants were with a mean age of 48 years. The mean OHIP-14 score was calculated to be 45.1, indicating the overall impact of oral health on the quality of life of patients with precancerous lesions and conditions. The individual domains most affected were functional limitations and physical pain. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that promoting oral health awareness and regular screenings in the community is needed to prevent the progression of oral precancerous conditions and ultimately reduce the burden of oral cancer.