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Correct body posture is a balanced musculoskeletal body position; however, today many people face severe posture defects, and their body posture may be far from a normal, causing progressive musculoskeletal deformities and pain, as well as affecting the functionality and appearance of the body. Human daily habits, lack of physical activities and overall a sedentary lifestyle cause such phenomena. The research focuses on studies of human body measurements and body characteristics while wearing posture-corrective equipment for the assessment of the effectiveness of different posture correctors (abbreviated as PoC). Four test-persons were selected and scanned using 3D anthropometrical scanner in relaxed stand position wearing five different posture correctors for a prolonged period of time in order to determine the effectiveness and functionality of each PoC. Four distance (linear) human body measurements were gained to quantify postural changes - scapula position depth, upper torso position, shoulder projection height and hip-waist depth. General feedbacks on each subject impression of wearing PoCs were also received. Correction of posture could serve as a preventive or treatment for spine-related problems; though, commercially available correctors could negatively affect wearer’s health due to non-conformity of the design and/or used material. Therefore, PoC selection and wearing procedures should be solved with more personalized and customized approaches.

Depending on the type of garment to be designed, designers, developers, and retailers are aware of and put forward certain requirements for the implementation of an appropriate level of quality. But ultimately the consumer is the one who decides whether the product meets his individual requirements. There are many different standardized textile testing methods, as well as various subjective assessment methods for hand feel and wearing comfort occurs. The observations that the analysis of a product has to be complex has become increasingly widespread. The aim of the research is to formalize and practically use the conceptual method of drape, appearance and comfort measurements.

The aim of this paper was to analyse several measurements of soldiers to provide a reference for trousers sizes of military combat clothing. For sizing and fitting of military clothing, information on the body measurements of the user population is a precondition. More than 400 soldiers in the Estonian and Latvian Defence Forces as well as the military personnel were measured using Human Solution 3-D scanner. It focused on collating basic human body measurement data for the revision of size charts by STANAG 2335. Fit and comfort of trousers mainly relate to the following measurements: waist girth, leg inseam, leg length, and waistband. Present parameters play a significant role in the quality of trousers to ensure the wearer’s mobility in all situations particularly concerning the activities of soldiers. Correlating measurements and existing sizing systems are made to offer recommendations for manufacturers. In addition, this paper helps to provide sizing and fitting criteria of military combat clothing to STANREC document compiled by NATO RTO HFM-266 Group.

The clothing fit is considered to be a set of objective and subjective assessments that provide the functionality and comfort of the clothing to the wearer. The methods currently applied in the textile industry to determine clothing fit do not provide sufficient qualitative and quantitative data. In general, evaluation is subjective, which is difficult to use in further research to gain any improvements. Development of a sensor matrix would be able to address this problem. Specifics of the industry do not allow direct transfer of existing sensor solutions to measure pressure and other characteristics, possible solutions should be researched to develop user-friendly, flexible, easy to use product. A new prototype of the sensor matrix has been developed on the basis of research carried out in the previous work. Sensor matrix was evaluated, the results of the measurements were analyzed.

The article deals with a new sensor matrix for evaluation of clothing fit from the perspective of wearers' comfort. The pressure between soft surfaces is tested with capacitive sensors. Obtained results are compared with other fit evaluation methods such as 3D scanning, thermal imaging, and clothing virtual prototyping.

This paper focuses on analysis of human body measurements and movements—their maximum amplitudes—forced postures and characteristic poses for the performance of a particular work. Analysis of the work postures and PPE were performed on 155 males who discharge their duties in the Latvian National Armed Forces. From different posture tests, two were selected—bending and squat positions. Analytical results of both poses were compared with the human body measurements taken in the standard position. Measurements were made using a non-contact anthropometric method—human body 3D scanning. The results were analysed and classified for the entire sample. Scan results for the standard position were compared with traditional anthropometric techniques—primary measurements were taken with a tape measure and anthropometer. The most prominent implementation of the two poses was analysed in the paper by carrying out correlation analysis to evaluate mutuality of the results. However, no correlation has been found which would be described by the regression equations. To analyse a protective clothing jacket, a single test subject was scanned using physical markers for marking anthropometrical landmarks. Performance of different work positions dynamically identified various movements of anthropometric points. Such a result indicates necessity for further research in the field of anthropometry, dynamics and motion amplitude studies.

The object for the investigation is chemical protective clothing (CPC), which totally coves dressed human body together with gear: breathing apparatus, breathing mask and helmet. The end users of such clothing are the members of rescue team – firefighters. The results of 3D scanning with stationary Vitus Smart XXL scanner and portable Artec Eva scanner are compared on the basis of the efficiency of scanning procedure and scanning accuracy. Also, the possibilities to exporting scanned bodies into specialized CAD systems for suit design development and material consumption calculation are analysed. The necessity to understand and to implement corresponding clothing material properties during 3D visualization of garment on CAD systems are presented. Obtained results showed, that virtual fitting supplemented by scanning procedure significantly contribute for the implementation of mass customization concept not only for traditional garments, but for specialized work wear, as well.

The scanning of human body as a method for gaining human measurements has several preferences. The gathering of data is possible in a very short time. In comparison to manual measuring methods, scanning acquires a larger amount of measurements. There are several modes of gaining human body measurements using the scanning system: laser scanning, light beam scanning, etc. A research on the laser beam reflection capabilities on different textile materials has been performed. The description of laser reflections has been compared to the Lambert’s law’s characteristics. The matrix of material selection is made in the process of planning the experiment and all possible materials are presented in this matrix. Eight textile materials are chosen for the experimental work: six lingerie and two additional materials. A laser beam with an angle of incidence of 0º and 45º is used to make the experiment. The dependence of the results on the wavelength of laser beams has also been compared.

This paper focuses on analysis of clothing appearance and fit. Clothing fit ensures human body comfort in terms of microclimate, movements and the body well-being. Garments produced in serial production developed according sizing chart, which is suited to the individual measurements by indifference intervals only. Some, more elaborated systems use drop values. The fit is good for people whose size meets the middle of the table. If the measured values reach the end of the interval, fit is at risk. This is especially important for garments with integrated additional features. Clothing appearance and fit assessment methods are currently well developed - it is possible to assess the individual's 3D look and the distance from the body of the garment. Such an analysis can be done either through virtual simulation or by scanning a real person and/or sample. However, none of aforementioned methods assess the individual's senses in clothing. Therefore, a system is proposed which allows evaluating the analysis of clothing pressure.

The role of fiber content regarding the textile performance and physiological and sensorial comfort attributes of single jersey fabrics, typically used in skin-near applications such as underwear, was investigated. Fabrics made of 100% lyocell and 50:50 lyocell/polyester blends were compared to 100% polyester fabrics, typically used for institutional underwear. Blending polyester to the cellulosic fiber improved fabric tenacity and dimensional stability, while the 100% polyester fabric remained unmatched. While all tested fabrics showed low vapor transfer resistance and hence high breathability at a hotplate test, lyocell-containing fabrics proved superior in terms of vapor uptake as well as in skin sensorial aspects. A synergy effect was observed in the blended fabrics in terms of more efficient liquid transportation and faster fabric drying.

The designing of clothes includes a row of processes and one of the most time and labor consuming is constructing. The construction displays the layout (pattern) of the surface of the body (garment). In order to exclude routine job from the pattern making process CAD Systems are used. To gain a good construction, exact, proper and accurate human body measurements are needed. Measurements acquired by 3D scanning device should be checked out for compliance with CAD systems for automatized pattern making procedure.

The paper is based on issues related to imperfections of clothing fit, garment construction solutions and control measurement systems of finished products, which were identified in the research process analysing army soldier work wear trousers. The aim is to obtain target group body measurements using noncontact anthropometrical data acquisition method (3D scanning) for selection and analysis of scanned data suitable for trouser design. Tasks include comparison of scanned data with manually taken body measurements and different corresponding human body measurement standard data for establishing potential advantages of noncontact method usage in solving different trouser design issues.