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INTRODUCTION: The use of ultrasound for soft tissue injuries in pediatric emergency medicine is increasing progressively. Ultrasound can be an invaluable tool for the description of skin disorders, evaluation of the need for abscess drainage and discrimination between invasive and non-invasive lesions. PRESENT CASE: Patient with an unusual finding in soft-tissue ultrasound that led to additional complementary studies. CONCLUSIONS: Self-limiting sternal tumors of childhood (SELSTOC) usually present as an area of rapid soft-tissue growth and inflammation located in the pre-sternal region. The nature of this condition means that the lesion is self-resolved before any association with previous trauma or infection can be established. THEREFORE, we must be aware of this entity and the different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches because recognizing SELSTOC typical features can avoid unnecessary diagnostic tests and/or disproportionate therapeutic strategies, unless we find atypical. features in the ultrasound, as was our case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are no validated instruments in Spain for measuring parental feeding styles. The aim was to validate the Parental Feeding Styles Questionnaires (PFSQ) in a Spanish sample. Method: A total of 523 mothers of 523 school-children participated. The children had a mean age of 4.4 years (SD = 1.3), with 51% being boys (M = 4.3 years, SD = 1.4) and 49% girls (M = 4.5 years, SD = 1.3). The PFSQ and the Comprehensive General Parenting Styles Questionnaire (CGPQ) were used. Results: A model of four correlated factors was identified: Prompting/encouraging eating, emotional feeding, instrumental feeding, and control over eating. Cronbach's alpha for the subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.86, and McDonald's Omega coefficient ranged from 0.66 to 0.86. Emotional feeding and prompting/encouraging eating had values above 0.70, control over eating had a value of 0.68 and instrumental feeding had an alpha coefficient of 0.64 and omega coefficient of 0.66. The factor structure was similar to the original and to other adapted versions. The Spanish sample used more control over eating and prompting/encouraging to eat. Conclusions: The adapted PFSQ is a suitable instrument for assessing the feeding styles of Spanish parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proper nutrition in childhood is crucial for optimal development and disease prevention. Sociocultural factors can influence children's dietary practices and nutritional status. The aim of this research was to evaluate sociocultural factors and the nutritional status of children under 3 years old in a childcare center. An observational cross-sectional prospective study was conducted. Sociocultural factors were assessed through a survey, and nutritional status was evaluated using anthropometric measures. A diverse prevalence of nutritional states was observed, with a significant percentage of children being overweight or underweight. Sociocultural factors, such as food insecurity, showed a high prevalence and a significant association with children's nutritional status. The results highlight the importance of addressing sociocultural factors in promoting childhood nutrition and suggest the need for specific interventions to improve children's nutritional status in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Illnesses due to respiratory problems are considered one of the main causes of hospital admissions in children, who in turn are considered more likely to develop serious respiratory diseases. There are many causes and risk factors, but in child populations, in children under two years of age, many of the factors and causes of death are associated with a lack of knowledge of warning signs, the first symptoms, irregularity in the vaccination schedule, poor hygiene and unsanitary conditions that are inadequate for the treatment of the disease. It is also necessary for parents to be guided in the crucial care of children who have respiratory problems, as well as for the health program at school to become more effective and vigilant, as the school period is the period considered to be the time when illnesses are most common and the health of children is reduced. children's immunity. Therefore, simple attitudes that were left aside due to routine, must be considered so that data can be changed and the quality of life of this public can be restored. The incidence and prevalence of these respiratory problems may vary according to factors such as geographic location, socioeconomic conditions, access to healthcare, vaccination rate and season. It is important to highlight that the respiratory system of children under two years of age is still developing, which makes this group more susceptible to respiratory infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether and how remitted clinical depression in postpartum motherhood contributes to poor infant adaptive functioning is inconclusive. The present longitudinal study examines adaptive functioning in infants of mothers diagnosed as clinically depressed at 5 months but remitted at 15 and 24 months. Fifty‐five U. S. mothers with early, remitted clinical depression and 132 mothers without postpartum depression completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales about their infants at 15 and 24 months. Between groups, mothers were equivalent in age, ethnicity, marital status, and receptive vocabulary (a proxy for verbal intelligence), and infants were equivalent in age and distribution of gender. Controlling for maternal education and parity, mothers with early, remitted clinical depression and mothers with no postpartum depression rated their infants similarly on communication, daily living skills, and socialization. Mothers with early, remitted clinical depression rated their infants poorer in motor skills. Girls were rated more advanced than boys in communication at 24 months and daily living skills at 15 and 24 months. Rated infant adaptive behavior skills increased from 15 to 24 months. With exceptions, adaptive functioning in infants may be robust to early, remitted maternal depression, and adaptive functioning presents a domain to promote positive development in this otherwise vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breastfeeding is a fundamental human right which protects the dignity, equality, and mother and the infant´s freedom, no matter the origin, gender, religión, sexual orientation or any other personal characteristic. It is an act that respects and promotes the human rights to life, health, equality, no discrimination, dignity, higher interest of the infant, education, information, privacy, autonomy and adequate feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vitiligo is a multifactorial disease characterized by the progressive loss of melanocytes. The worldwide prevalence ranges from 0.5% to 2%, and in children from 0% to 2.16%. The objective of this study was to determine the variables associated with progression of vitiligo. Methods: A retrospective cohort was carried out where a random sample of records of pediatric patients with vitiligo from January 2016 to December 2020 was analyzed. The variables were studied: age at onset, sex, hereditary family history, personal history of thyroid diseases, time of evolution, classification, Köebner phenomena, mucosal vitiligo, halo nevus, premature graying and the presence of other dermatoses. The final state was classified as progression, stability, partial remission and complete remission. Results: 574 children with vitiligo; 290 (50.5%) women, 284 (49.5%) men. Non-segmental vitiligo in 324 (56.4%), segmental vitiligo in 250 (43.6%). Mean age of onset 8.7 years (SD: 4.54). Median evolution time 6 months (25th percentile of 3 months and 75th percentile of 24 months). Family history 27 (4.70%). Thyroid disease 7 (1.21%). Evolution remained stable in 44 (7.7%), 68 (11.8%) had progression, 32 (5.6%) complete remission, 222 (38.7%) partial remission and 208 (36.2%) one consultation. Non-segmental vitiligo was obtained p < 0.028, younger age of onset p < 0.000, and none skin comorbidities p < 0.009. Conclusions: The variables that were associated with a more progression were non-segmental vitiligo, early ages at the onset of the disease, and not presenting with other skin diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the potential for using childhood memories shared on social media as a means of interrogating experiences of twentieth-century social historical geographies of home and family life. In so doing, the paper discusses briefly the value of children's perceptions as guests in others' homes as an insightful source of data, before exploring the value of social media as a place for sharing these recollections and accessing them as a researcher. The paper draws data from a thread on the popular UK-based parenting website and internet discussion space, 'Mumsnet', asking contributors to share the 'weirdest' thing they saw at someone else's house when they were a child. This paper positions social media research as an ethically, epistemologically and ontologically sound approach to creating data for geographical research, which has become well-established in other sub-disciplines. The paper seeks to explore what it is to remember intimate childhood experience alongside those whose memories might reflect or conflict with your own. Further, the paper addresses the way in which a social media thread created new narratives and uncovered long-buried memories which provide an insightful lens for exploring a particular domestic historical geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to discuss the representations of children's solidarity in the short stories A Menina de Lá, by Guimarães Rosa (2011), and A Menina sem Palavra, by Mia Couto (2018). To this end, it is based on bibliographical research and Comparative Literature, Short Story Theory and Childhood History. The results of the analysis demonstrate the difficulty of speech and interaction of the child characters with/in the family. The conclusion of the article is that the authors' narratives represent voices, bodies and performances of previously silenced children, thus configuring possibilities for comparative reading of Brazilian and Mozambican literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexity of the social, cultural and political dynamics of globalisation brings with it challenges in which intercultural education becomes an option for mitigating inequality gaps in communities. This study analyses Venezuelan child migrants in Colombia. It is a mixed, interpretative, phenomenological study using interviews, participatory observation, social cartography, field diary and questionnaire. The study established that the process of migration has a direct but silent impact on the cognitive and socio-emotional development of the children. The findings inspired the creation of the pedagogical strategy "Uniting Borders", consisting of an introductory focal activity and five workshops aimed at developing socioemotional skills and cognitive processes in the children, based on the pedagogy of otherness, the Reggio Emilia pedagogy. It was concluded that it is essential for the educator to take a humanist approach by recognising the uniqueness of each child in their daily life; the pedagogical strategy provides tools to improve their relationship with themselves and others, encourages cognitive development, and motivates them to set themselves goals based on the recognition of their environment and of uncertainty. Uniting Borders can be replicated in other territories receiving migrant children populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of past traumatic war experiences on preadolescents in the Gaza Strip, which could be useful for psychological intervention with current and future child victims. Participants were 521 preadolescents from United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) schools, aged 11 and 13 years old. Sections I to IV from Iraqi Version-Arabic of Harvard Trauma Questionnaire was used to assess trauma experiences and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The results show that the preadolescents in the Gaza Strip witnessed the destruction of their homes and the murder of family members and friends. A quarter of the individuals assessed either suffered torture or witnessed others undergoing it, including sexual assaults. Almost half of them experienced a lack of food and clean water. The traumatic and torture experiences seriously affected preadolescents' mental health as 26.29% met criteria for the diagnosis of PTSD. The data analysis revealed two PTSD modalities, with the severity of impact depending on whether social implications were involved. Further research is required to check whether these two modalities fit to PTSD and complex PTSD. Understanding the effects of past wars on preadolescents in Gaza and distinguishing between different PTSD types could enhance comprehension of the impacts of current attacks on child victims. It can also aid in determining the type of intervention needed to minimize the impact on the mental health of Palestinian youth, enhancing their resilience through psychological and social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las evidencias disponibles sobre las diferencias intergeneracionales respecto al acceso al bienestar en Euskadi se basan en datos estáticos que reflejan la situación de cada grupo de edad en un momento dado. Este artículo pretende dar una respuesta, parcial y limitada, a esa carencia, analizando el riesgo de pobreza asociado a la edad en Euskadi desde una perspectiva longitudinal. A partir de datos de la Encuesta de Pobreza y Desigualdades Sociales (EPDS) del Gobierno Vasco, el análisis pretende más concretamente estimar el riesgo de pobreza que han experimentado las personas de diferentes generaciones —las nacidas en 1940, 1955, 1970, 1985 y 2000— entre 2008 y 2022 en Euskadi. Se pretende así recoger, al menos en cierta medida, las dos lógicas o dinámicas que se relacionan con las condiciones de vida de las personas cuando se tiene en cuenta una perspectiva de ciclo vital: la biográfica y la social o económica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to evaluate the acquisition of habits in children from 2 to 6 years of age during the COVID-19 confinement in Chile. The study reflects the intention of recognizing the importance of the family as a social structure for the acquisition of habits that need to be developed in school contexts. The study is based on an evaluation model with a quantitative approach, using a sequential analysis for its interpretation, through an intervention with 24 nursery school teachers who answered an instrument with 6 key indicators: order, hygiene, clothing, food, rest, and coexistence. The results reveal the capacity of children to practice and develop habits and routines based on order according to their stage of growth, and confirm the significant role of the family in children's learning, before, during, and after the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Praise has been considered as positive feedback associated with parental behaviours that reinforce children's behaviour. This demonstration of affection and attention has been a relevant predictor of various aspects such as self-esteem, self-confidence and the ability to persist in the face of challenges. However, the contributions on child development depend on the type of praise used (product, person or process). Given the impact on children's overall well-being and the scarcity of research at the local level, it is relevant to study primary caregivers' praise of children aged 0-3 years living in Argentina. For this purpose, 128 primary caregivers (M age = 32.82 years; SD = 6.21; 109 female) of infants (M age in months = 15.96; SD = 9.87; 69 female) were evaluated. An exploratory and descriptive study was conducted using an ad hoc questionnaire constructed based on current literature on the subject, with both open-ended and closed-ended questions. We found a high frequency of complimenting children's efforts and processes in both open and closed questions on the types and moments of praise. In addition, there was a concordance of the ways of praising with the categories used in the literature. This exploratory approach provides knowledge to be able to advance in more rigorous and ecologically valid studies on the topic relevant to child development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims at an analytical approximation on the contribution of social assistance actions in the fight against child labor in Brazil, established by the Statute of Children and Adolescents and operationalized within the scope of the Unified Social Assistance System. Based on the bibliographical study, it was observed that this problem constitutes an inhibitor of the biopsychosocial development of children and adolescents, in addition to preventing them from enjoying the rights of childhood. Despite the advances in current legislation to face the problem, obstacles are characterized in the materialization of children's rights in the face of social inequalities and exclusions engendered by the Brazilian capitalist system, mainly under the yoke of the neoliberal model, showing a distance between the concrete reality and the legal provisions, confirming that the realization of children's and youth's human rights requires tackling the social issue in its entirety, through the implementation of social policies, with State intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the different levels of engagement and the community role in a foster care home named "Familias Esperanza" located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It will deepen the dynamics in which different individuals interact to promote the development and wellbeing of children. With the purpose of designing and executing new strategies that promote a holistic approach for each child, reassure reconnection, encourage family and community strengthening. Initially, will be establishing the concept of institutionalized children and the impact that could arise from some misconceptions. It develops a theoretical and methodological perspective based on first hand experiences of the individuals - children from the foster care - and their engagement with an active community. Furthermore, will uphold a systematization of the connections and dynamics that bring into play between the different individuals in the institution, with the purpose of initiating a pragmatic and descriptive work of what was experienced in situ. As community psychologists, it is essential to look forward to setting up new strategies to enhance our help, in order to display brand new networks, contributing to support children. Moreover, going from a radially imparted community to a transversal network. At the same time, manage to systematize what is done at this institution, in particular, to extrapolate it to all similar institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review the literature on the convergence between educational and sociocultural aspects and their relationship with the development of cognitive skills in deaf people. We present a brief overview of the neuroanatomical layers that underlie cognitive processes and the differences between deaf and hearing people due to sensory deprivation. Most of the research indicated that there are differences in some cognitive functions, although there is no agreement whether this is due to factors such as sociocultural context, late language acquisition, or brain rewiring. Finally, the need to study the educational, social and individual contexts where Deaf children develop in an interdisciplinary way is discussed in order to propose tools that promote their optimal cognitive development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea that implicit and explicit mindreading form a continuum is controversial. This paper presents a systematic review of longitudinal findings on the development of mindreading in children to compare the main theoretical explanations of this capacity (enrichment and conceptual change theories, submentalizing theory and two-system theory). The longitudinal findings on the predictive relationships between implicit and explicit measures of mindreading demonstrate a continuum between children's implicit and explicit capacities to understand others' mental states. Moreover, the findings support the theory of continuous conceptual enrichment and change and provide evidence against submentalist theories. This paper proposes that implicit mindreading is based on the interactive processes of joint attention and shared intentionality that precede explicit mind comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to highly stressful life events (SLEs), such as accidents, violence, or serious illness, is common. With the accumulation of SLEs, the risk of detrimental somatic and mental health outcomes increases. To understand patterns of SLE exposure, research into the associations between SLEs is needed. The sample comprised 21,069 participants of the population-based Tromsø7 (2015/2016) study (52.7% female, mean age = 57.3 years, SD = 11.4 years). Participants were asked whether they had experienced eleven SLEs in childhood/adolescence and adulthood. Correlations, network analysis, and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the associations between SLEs. Medium-sized to large correlations between SLEs in childhood/adolescence and SLEs in adulthood were found. Two clusters of SLEs emerged in the network analysis in childhood/adolescence and in adulthood, respectively, interpreted as interpersonal (e.g. violence and sexual abuse) and impersonal SLEs (e.g. a life-threatening illness or serious accident). SLEs in childhood/adolescence predicted the number of SLEs in adulthood as well as exposure to the specific SLE categories in adulthood. Childhood neglect was an important predictor of SLE exposure in adulthood. Public health policies should focus on the prevention of SLEs and the early intervention after SLE exposure, especially childhood neglect. Highly stressful life events (SLEs) are systematically interconnected. SLEs in childhood and adolescence are associated with exposure to SLEs in adulthood. Childhood physical and emotional neglect is strongly related to other SLEs in childhood/adolescence and adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated the influence of parental sensitivity and family alliance on infants' vagal tone, considered as a physiological indicator of emotion regulation. Studies on mother–infant interactions have shown that vagal tone can be influenced by the quality of the interaction, such as interacting with a sensitive mother. To date, no study has investigated the influence of paternal sensitivity or family alliance on infants' vagal tone. We hypothesized that maternal sensitivity, paternal sensitivity, and family alliance would be associated with infants' vagal tone during dyadic and triadic interactions. We also explored if family alliance would act as a moderator on the association between parental sensitivity and vagal tone and if the sensitivity of both parents would act as a moderator on the association between family alliance and vagal tone. This study took place in Switzerland and included 82 families with their 3–4‐month‐old infants. Results showed that maternal sensitivity and family alliance were associated with infants' vagal tone, but paternal sensitivity was not. We found no significant moderation effect. However, result tendencies suggested that the contribution of paternal sensitivity to infants' emotion regulation could be influenced by family alliance, whereas maternal sensitivity and family alliance have a unique contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up (ABC) is a promising home‐visiting intervention promoting sensitive caregiving and secure parent–child attachment in families with young children. The goal of this study was to examine a learning collaborative approach to disseminating ABC in a community setting. Training outcomes (e.g., trainee completion, satisfaction, effectiveness of training methods) and intervention outcomes (e.g., parent behavior, parent beliefs, child socioemotional development) were examined. Eighteen practitioners participated in the ABC learning collaborative; 13 completed training. Quantitative and qualitative measures indicated that trainees were satisfied with their experience and valued the unique collaboration opportunities offered by the learning collaborative. In addition, trainees served 67 families in the community, 37 of whom completed all sessions of ABC. The study was conducted in the United States. Racial demographics of the children in the sample included: 56.7% White, 22.4% Black/African–American, 17.9% Bi‐ or Multi‐racial, and 3.0% unknown. Regarding ethnicity, 80.6% were Non‐Hispanic/Latino, 10.4% were Hispanic/Latino, and 9.0% were unknown. Caregivers who completed ABC showed more sensitive parenting behavior and reported positive changes in their perceived self‐efficacy and their beliefs around infant crying. Children who received ABC showed increased socioemotional functioning. Results demonstrate successful dissemination of ABC in the community using a learning collaborative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research work was to understand the incidence of family dynamics on the political subjectivity of boys and girls from 7 to 10 years old, before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Valencia Córdoba-Colombia. This research work is qualitative in nature and was based on a hermeneutic design that alludes mainly to the "act of interpreting", considered as an element for the development of the social sciences. For the collection of information, interviews with minors and focus groups with adults were implemented; where it was possible to show that in crisis contexts, families create tools that facilitate managing moments of stress such as accompaniment in the performance of homework and tasks. In this way, through the learning left by the experiences lived within the coexistence, new elements are created that the boys and girls assimilate for the construction of their own identity, which are apprehended, together with fundamental skills and abilities in the processes of political subjectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of reading at an early age is key to the development of future learning in the short and long term, for this reason an investigation was proposed in the second-year students of the María Piedad Castillo de Levi Educational Unit, which had as. The objective is to propose an educational strategy through reading corners to promote the reading habit in students. It was a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, in which we worked with 38 people, 35 parents and 3 teachers, obtaining the following results: parents reported that their children do not show interest in reading, they do not read on their own initiative own or enjoy the process, children do not have a vocabulary according to their age, they do not identify their favorite reading topics, they read with difficulty. The dimensions with the best evaluation in children when reading were intonation and dramatization, the lowest results were in the dimension of rhythm. Teachers consider that reading in children is important as a learning tool, the main strategies they use to awaken the pleasure of reading in children are based on selecting striking readings. When students get distracted while reading, most teachers talk to the group explaining what happens after they get distracted. Therefore, it is important to use reading corners to promote the reading habit in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It presents problematizations based on inclusive practices in the educational context of a Municipal Center for Early Childhood Education in the city of Serra in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. It aims to make visible and debate possibilities of conversations between early childhood education, care, social reality, learning and children's well-being, at a time when there is a growing increase in the number of children called, at this time, atypical. It investigates from networks of conversations and research with everyday life; modes of resistance as an aesthetic experimentation of living childhoods in their highest potency in the school context. It weaves approaches with the theoretical intercessions of Deleuze (2006, 2010), Freire (2000, 2005), Kohan (2004), among others that problematize education as an invention of worlds and resistance. It invests in affective compositions, based on an attentive and sensitive listening to childhoods and the contexts experienced with school daily life, in the invention of possible worlds that can affirm life and learning as a strength, in the face of social vulnerabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study is to systematize the scientific production on connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behavior among children in Latin America, through a qualitative systematic review, using the PRISMA recommendation, to identify and critically select the literature in the Web of Science, SciELO and Scopus databases. The structured methodological procedures for data analysis and synthesis were based on the Qualitative Evidence Synthesis - SEQ protocol. The systematized data are presented in tables. The SEQ demonstrates that studies on the connectedness between children and nature highlight such connection as a factor that positively influences the whole development of children, mainly in the sense of self-perception with nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this narrative review is to analyze, through the estimates made in previous studies, the costs of medical, physical, and mental care, productivity losses, costs for the child protection system, and costs for the criminal justice system of violence against children and youth, with special emphasis on sexual violence. The reviewed studies confirm that violence in early stages of development is associated with greater use of health services and other resources, which represent a significant public investment that must be taken into account. These works have limitations that derive from the incomplete or unreliable data included regarding mortality and morbidity related to violence against children and that imply variable estimates of their costs, which in Spain range from 17 billion euros for adverse childhood experiences to around €1 billion for sexual violence. Reliable data on the costs of violence against children is needed to make better-informed decisions about financial investment in its prevention and treatment, as well as to raise awareness of its scale and impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Brazilian Way ("jeitinho brasileiro", in Potuguese) is a social strategy that aims to solve problems through negotiations. Despite the importance of developing this skill from childhood, there is a lack of assessment tools for children. The objective of this study is to adapt the Questionnaire on the Brazilian Way - Individual Version for children by presenting evidence of validity and accuracy. Initially, we have worked with a sample of 131 participants. However, in an effort to primarily access children, eight participants were excluded due to being over the age of 13. Thus, the study works with a sample of 123 children, with a majority being girls (61.2%), with a mean age of 10.5 years (SD = 1.78), distributed from 1st to 7th grade of Elementary School, as follows: 7.4% from 1st and 2nd; 39.9% from 3rd and 4th; 37.4% from 5th and 6th; and 15.4% from 7th grade. After conducting exploratory factors analysis, the results indicate a coherent structure composed of two factors, whose content related to understanding the Brazilian Way ("jeitinho") runs through antisocial behaviors (11 items) and creativity (5 items). Together, these factors explain 37.5% of the variance and show satisfactory internal consistency, providing a useful measure for research and assessment of the construct with children samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to represent absent objects using signs and symbols, in accordance with age and socio- cultural environment, is known as symbolic function. Acquiring this ability plays a key role in cognitive development and in meeting the challenges characteristic of each stage of growth. An empirical study was conducted to investigate the level of acquisition of verbal symbolic function in children from urban areas of Buenos Aires, Argentina, to describe it in detail and to find out differences according to gender and age. The study design was non-experimental, crosssectional, descriptive, and correlational, using non-probabilistic sampling (N=52; mean age= 6.31 years, SD= 2.07; 52% male). Among the main results, it was found that, as hypothesized, symbolic ability increases as children get older. In addition, boys obtained higher mean scores than girls. Finally, using logistic regression analysis, it was shown that age was an explanatory variable for symbolic function, while gender was not. It is noteworthy that only four boys completed the symbolic function test without making errors and obtained the maximum score. These findings indicate that it cannot be assumed that children automatically acquire verbal symbolic function when they pass the kindergarten stage or when they reach the age of six or older. A discussion of the results is conducted in the light of socio-historicalcultural theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early Childhood Education is the human stage of a growing and determining process of individual learning and development. Therefore, the teacher of this level of schooling needs knowledge and guidelines that significantly corroborate with the pedagogical work. This bibliographical article intends to reflect on early childhood children and analyze the mobilization of knowledge that they provoke in the performance and professional development of teachers. Considering these elements, it presents some conceptions of childhood and the knowledge necessary for the early childhood education teacher. From this perspective, it is possible to affirm the need to understand childhood and the uniqueness of the child, producer of knowledge, dreams and cultures, as well as to apprehend the conceptions that they bring to the school routine of early childhood education. As a result, they become protagonists in the construction of the teacher's identity, in the reflection and re-elaboration of foregrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the increase in violence against child populations, 6 out of 10 girls and boys suffer physical, psychological or sexual violence (State Attorney General’s Office, 2023), this study bases a model understood as a prototype that serves as a reference and example for promote preventive processes that ensure the care of children, through educommunication. Educommunication constitutes a space built by people for people, founded on dialogue, meaning, expression and effective participation, which articulate theory and practice, for educational and communicative interaction, as complementary processes in the development of learning through pedagogical resources, close and culturally appropriate, that promote a critical sense (Zecheto, 2011; Begnini, Arteaga and Arroyo, 2022). Understood in this way, educommunication allows these child populations to exercise their citizenship, beyond that associated exclusively with the exercise of their civil and political rights. A citizenship built on rights as people, which exempts them from inequality, exclusion and violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La Castañeda was one of the most emblematic spaces in the history of Mexican psychiatry, founded by Porfirio Díaz on September 9th, 1910, and its buildings and clinical records were inhabited by women and men of all social classes. However, there are other inhabitants who are rarely mentioned: children. This article aims to be a first approach to the rescue of the history of childhood in La Castañeda between 1940-1945 in a space that represented for the inhabitants of Mexico City the entrance to hell, the great "Locopolis" of the City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI) is a teacher-reported instrument to assess psychopathic personality traits in 3 to 6-year-old children (M=4.78, SD=.60). This is the first study to test the reliability and validity of this instrument within a Portuguese sample of 264 children aged between 3 to 6 years (43.2% female). Cronbach alpha values greater than .80 were observed for all CPTI scale scores. Regarding the criterion validity, CPTI total and its three dimensions were significantly correlated with an alternative measure of impulsiveness. The CPTI items loaded differently on the three theoretically proposed factors: (1) Interpersonal/Grandiose-Deceitful, (2) Affective/Callous-Unemotional, and (3) Behavioral/Impulsive-Need for Stimulation. The Total CPTI and the three dimensions of CPTI were significantly correlated with the alternative measure of Impulsiveness - CBQ Impulsivity subscale (r=.37Total; .29Interpersonal; .26Affective; .45Behavioral). In conclusion, our findings suggest that the CPTI is a psychometrically sound measure to assess psychopathic personality traits in a sample of community-residing Portuguese children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this article is to analyze the relationship between teacher training needs in the field of interculturality and violence against migrant children with a view to an anti-racist education. Results of a study carried out in two regions of the country are presented: Metropolitan and Valparaíso. Through a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were applied to teachers and professionals who serve the migrant school population. It is concluded that there are discourses that recognize the problems of racism and discrimination suffered by this population, as well as other accounts that deny or minimize it, hierarchizing the nationalities of origin of the migrant student body. There is also an urgent need for teacher training that emerges from a global public policy that promotes an updated curriculum where cultural diversity is a value, while the category of childhood is recognized as a priority axis of inequality and the recognized reception as a transversal practice. In the current scenario, various coexistence conflicts arise that need to be managed from paradigms that are friendly to migrant children and methodologies that recognize their rights and guarantee true inclusion in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to share the discussion on the fundamental role of the constitutive elements of the voice in the diagnostic processes and therapeutic proposals related to ASD. Elements found in the study "Development of clinical protocol for early diagnosis of autism" ((Villalobos & Pacca, 2021). The cases, Vera & Saul, are taken up again to illustrate the place of voice and speech in intersubjective development. From these cases, the scope and limitations of some tests for the diagnosis of ASD when evaluating communicative indicators become evident. Given that voice and speech bear the imprint of each person's subjectivity, considering their analysis becomes relevant in the comprehensive diagnosis of ASD, as it complements the diagnostic observation proposed by the main tests worldwide recognized for this developmental problem, such as -ADOS-2- Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2023 marks 30 years since the death of one of the great exponents of the Portuguese neorealist movement, Manuel da Fonseca. On the occasion of this anniversary, it is important for us to review his work, rethink it and reflect on aspects that confirm its originality. Thus, although we take into account all of his work, we take as a corpus the collection of short stories Aldeia Nova. Among several interesting themes in the narratives, childhood draws attention because it is worked on in a particular way by Manuel da Fonseca: the child is not only the center of some of the stories, but is also responsible for focusing the events and permeates the entire book. The reader has contact with the harsh reality of the fictional space through the curious, innocent and discovering eyes of these characters who, while not actively participating in the socioeconomic system, analyze it in a different and revealing way. This entire look is marked by the playful use of poetic prose. Therefore, the aim of this work is to verify the relevance of children's issues in Manuel da Fonseca's narrative construction, starting from two short stories from Aldeia Nova: "O primeiro camarada que ficou no caminho" and "Sete-estrelo". To this end, we took 'close reading' as a methodology and as the main basis the Discurso da narrativa, by Gérard Genette ([197-]) and "O concerto dissonante da modernidade", by Antônio Donizeti Pires (2006). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to describe and compare routines and behaviors in a sample of children from three countries during the mandatory quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze their connections to anxiety. A total of 335 children aged 3 to 7 years from Spain, Argentina and the United States participated in the study. The instruments used were the Routine and Behavior Scale (RBS) and the Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS). Using network sampling through online questionnaires in Spanish and English, the results showed differences in routines and behaviors patterns in participants from countries under confinement, as well as higher anxiety scores. The negative repercussions of confinement may affect a child’s welfare. It is therefore necessary to carry out cross-cultural studies in order to enable the early detection of psychopathological symptoms and promote prevention and intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved complex challenges especially for families with children and adolescents. The impact of the pandemics' confinement on mental health has been described as devastating, limiting the resources available to families and increasing caregivers' stress levels and demands on their efforts. This study showed the results of an online survey of caregivers, mothers or fathers, with at least one child between 0 and 11 years old who lived the first weeks of confinement throughout Chile. The variables associated with physical symptoms, anxiety, mood, disruptive behavior, sleep problems, low frustration tolerance, attentional difficulties, hyperactivity and regressive behaviors that are related to the psychological impact that the measure of confinement has had on children from 0 to 11 years of age were studied through a questionnaire quantifying their frequency by age group, identifying how these effects are expressed in relation to the vital stages of child development. The results indicate that the younger the age of the children (0 to 3 years) the greater the presence of disruptive behaviors, while the older the age (9 to 11 years) the greater the presence of symptoms such as sadness, anxiety, listlessness and sleep problems. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of policies and strategies to address them, which should consider both the developmental stage of the children and the main caregivers, given the protective role they can play in stressful situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a literature review that aimed to identify theoretical and methodological trends in studies on the relationship between social awareness, semiotic representation, and drawing in children's experience. Ninety-five articles published between 2005 and 2020 were reviewed from a critical perspective regarding the object, the subjects, and research approaches. It was identified that theories of social representation, stereotypes, and possible worlds are the most common ones, and that participatory action research, experimental studies, and clinical and therapeutic studies are the most implemented methodologies. Drawing has not been approached from an interdisciplinary perspective of cognitive sciences, nor sufficiently from a phenomenological approach. Therefore, studying social awareness in children requires an approach rooted in the phenomenology of the social world and semiotic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To analyze the risk factors associated with hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) severity and the treatment strategies available in HC patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). Materials and methods. A retrospective study of medical records was carried out. Patients with HC following AHSCT treated from 2017 to 2021 were divided into two groups according to severity –mild and severe. Demographic data, disease-specific characteristics, urological sequelae, and overall mortality were compared between both groups. The hospital’s protocol was used for patient management. Results. 33 episodes of HC were collected in 27 patients, 72.7% of whom were male. HC incidence following AHSCT was 23.4% (33/141). 51.5% of HCs were severe (grades III-IV). Severe graft host disease (GHD) (grades III-IV) and thrombopenia at HC onset were associated with severe HC (p= 0.043 and p= 0.039, respectively). This group had longer hematuria times (p< 0.001) and required more platelet transfusions (p= 0.003). In addition, 70.6% required bladder catheterization, but only 1 case needed percutaneous cystostomy. None of the patients with mild HC required catheterization. No differences were found in terms of urological sequelae or overall mortality. Conclusions. Severe HC could be predicted thanks to the presence of severe GHD or thrombopenia at HC onset. Severe HC can be managed with bladder catheterization in most of these patients. A standardized protocol may help reduce the need for invasive procedures in patients with mild HC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In family justice, one of the biggest challenges is to effectively guarantee the right of children to participate. Though participation implies multiple benefits for the child, such as increased self-esteem, psychological wellbeing and preventing violations of rights, it is possible to detect many obstacles for it to effectively occur in court. Among these, prioritizing adults' interests, conditioning participation of the child to their age and lack of formal regulations were noted. The present study consists of a thematic analysis of interviews with Chilean family judges about child participation. Findings point to a consideration of the infrastructure and the institutional legal organization as not being able to guarantee and facilitate child participation in the judicial system. Lack of standardization in norms and practices inside the courts encourages judges to base their decisions on their own personal abilities and criteria, frequently influenced by prejudice about revictimization and the capacity of children to exercise a meaningful participation related to their psychological development. In addition, considerations about how laws and family courts should promote child participation in family justice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reference clinical practice guidelines coincide in pointing out Cognitive-. Behavioural Therapy as the first line of psychological treatment in child-adolescent with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of randomized clinical trials in order to explore the efficacy of CBT group in ADHD applied as a direct intervention in children and adolescents. A bibliographic search was carried out in the Scopus, WoS, Academic Research Premier, ProQuest, PsycInfo, Medline, E-Journals and Pubpsych databases, limiting the age range between 5 and 18 years. This was complemented with a manual search of relevant websites and a review of the reference lists of the included studies. The Revised Cochrane Risk-of-bias Tool for Randomized Trials (Rob 2) was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected clinical trials. The search identified four clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to reduce the symptoms associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Only one study showed significant reductions in core symptoms of the disorder compared to the control group. The variability of the interventions and the scarcity of records found do not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn about the possible benefits derived, so more studies are required in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the daily expansion of the number of child deaths, mainly of non-whites in the national territory, this article proposes to stress the construction of social places in which certain childhoods lose the right to life and to the future. Rescuing the use of the category of Amefricanity and the concept of Brazilian cultural neurosis, by Lélia González, together with the elaborations on killable childhoods, by Ilana Katz; we propose a theoretical reflection on the present contradiction between the supposed racial democracy in Brazil and its current necropolitics. Our objective is to demonstrate the processes of denial both of the Brazilian Amefricanity, as well as the attempt to erase the black future itself, expressed in violence against black children. A situation that explains, not a deviation from the law or disfiguration of the State, but, as verified, its structural characteristic and its function in the maintenance of a certain national logic. We then try to demonstrate, with our development, that the death of non-white children operates as the perpetuation of a State logic based on the ideology of whitening and as the refusal of a future that is not based on the ideas of white supremacy in power, making certain childhoods killable in amefrican Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the relationship between theology and philosophy through an analysis of the first fragment of Walter Benjamin's On the Concept of History. Benjamin uses the allegory of an automaton that always wins at chess, but is secretly controlled by a dwarf, to illustrate how "historical materialism" depends on theology for its success. This paper explores Walter Benjamin's concept of theology as a means of escaping totalitarianism. It analyzes various theological ideas, such as inversion, recapitulation, recollection, the hunchbacked dwarf, redemption, nihilism, pure violence, and unwritable life, as indicators of the messianic Kingdom. By examining these theological concepts, the paper sheds light on how the marxist idea of a classless society is a secularization of the messianic Kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of research, of a theoretical nature, which aimed to identify and analyze the contributions of Paulo Freire and Loris Malaguzzi on the issue of listening in early childhood education. For the analysis, works by Paulo Freire were used, especially Pedagogy of Autonomy and Pedagogy of the Oppressed, and the interview given by Loris Malaguzzi to Leila Gandini in dialogue with scholars of his work. The results show resonances in the legacy of these two educators in which listening occupies a central place in their works and in their childishly educative lives. It concludes that listening is at the base of its conceptions, not only as a pedagogical tool, but, above all, as a posture of respect and ethical, aesthetic and political commitment with everyone involved in the educational process of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we intend to explain how Edgar Morin's complexity paradigm and Paulo Freire’s liberating approach may contribute to resignify childhood and childhood education. As a methodology, some historical aspects regarding the conception of childhood are brought back, based on a literature review. In a first moment, the origin of the concept of childhood as a social category is presented and, in the second moment, it is aimed to analyze the role of childhood in education from a complex and humanizing perspective. It is about having a reflective look at childhood, appropriating the theoretical constructs of Morin’s complexity paradigm and Freire’s liberating tendency, in order to rethink a less fragmented and more contextualized early childhood education, in a effective way which can contributes to integral formation of the learner in his multidimensional format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The memories of boys and girls who migrate contain past and present experiences of countries of origin and destination, as well as experiences of movement. This paper presents the results of research that aims to identify how migrant children's memories are constructed around experiences of violence and practices of agency. From the perspective of the new social studies of childhood and based on a field study in the city of Barcelona, it shows that in various spaces violence is conditioned by a web of power relations and vectors of differentiation (ethnicity, gender, nationality, age). It concludes that these memories strain the conception of violence against children as an individual, domestic/private problem, and generate meanings that facilitate agency for such childhoods in the present, going beyond vulnerability and subordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to explore the discourse of students from 6 to 8 years of age when they reflect on the dynamics of education used by their parents. To do this, we start from the theory of self-determination and reflect on the practices of support for autonomy and parental control present in the discourse of minors. In this sense, we found that the students' discourse revolves mainly around parental practices that support autonomy, such as the possibility of choosing leisure activities, communicating problems and concerns to parents, and the autonomous performance of some tasks by minors. However, there is also evidence that autonomy support practices converge with others related to parental control in certain situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the conditions that led the Argentine armed group Montoneros to establish a nursery in Cuba, in 1979, to care for the children of exiled members who had decided to return to the country to fight against a dictatorial regime characterised by the crime of enforced disappearance and supported by continental and global alliances. The analysis focuses on the dilemmas children posed for militants and the organisation and how those concerns were in part addressed by setting up a facility to care for the children. The article then considers how that childcare effort by the Montoneros connected with Cuba's internationalist and refugee policies and with continental struggles, as well as looking at how the children involved experienced it. This reconstruction offers a new approach to thinking about political conflicts in the heated Cold War scenario in Latin America, through the lens of children's history and by exploring how love and politics are intertwined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to bring to light the record of a sexual crime that occurred against an immigrant boy named Francisco Ferone by a blind beggar named Francisco Vinhas in the city of Ribeirão Preto in 1905. In the compendium, we seek to relate the legal discourses on sexual crimes produced in Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century with the device of sexuality coined by Michel Foucault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive study aimed to identify the frequency of socially competent interactions and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems among the characters from Monica's Gang (Monica, Maggy and Smudge) stories published from January to August 2020. The results indicate that socially competent behaviors were more common than externalizing behavior problems. Moreover, classes and subclasses of characters' social skills were identified throughout the stories. These findings show that the characters of the comic book can be considered socially competent, serving as both behavioral models and as a psychoeducational resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]