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The study was conducted to investigate the perception of induction system on public basic schools in the West Mamprusi Municipal in the Northeast Region. The objectives of the study were to find out some of the training and induction programs that are organized in basic schools in the study area, determine the causes of ineffective induction programs organized in basic schools in the study area and to ascertain the perception of induction programs on teaching and learning in basic schools in the study area. The researcher used descriptive survey design to collect quantitative data for the study. The targeted population was one hundred and twenty 120 head teachers and assistant head teachers of the public basic schools in the West Mamprusi Municipality. Based on the findings, some other induction programs organized in some of the schools include; training on the use of methodologies in teaching, training on guidance and mentoring new teachers, training on school and community relationship, health and safety training, training on GES code of ethics and training on lesson plan preparation. Based on the findings it can be concluded that induction programs supports and mitigates teacher attrition, increases career commitment, and contributes to retention through meeting teachers' personal and professional needs which also include improvement in professional growth and development, effective integration of new employees to the organization and providing new teachers with training tools and Other needs. Also working conditions play a significant role in teacher career satisfaction and commitment as the findings depicted.

Hairy root induction system has been widely applied for studies of gene function, gene expression, and genome editing in numerous plant species. In this study, we developed and evaluated the performance of an in vitro hairy root induction system via Agrobacterium rhizogenes on several Vietnamese and international soybean cultivars. The efficacy of in vitro hairy root induction and of transformation using this system was varied and depended on soybean cultivars as well as transgenic constructs. The hairy root induction frequency of different soybean cultivars ranged from 61.67% to 100% after 5 days on culture medium. From 43.8% to 79.8% of hairy roots transformed with GFP-expressing construct showed transgene expression, while that for the construct with the gus gene was from 38.07% to 72.33%. Among tested soybean cultivars, DT26 demonstrated the highest transformation and gene expression efficacy with both investigated vectors. This hairy root induction system was further utilized for targeted knockout mutagenesis via CRISPR/Cas9 of two genes which are G03 and G09 in the DT26 soybean cultivar. Successful mutagenesis in the regions of targeted genes was confirmed by shifted and multiple bands compared to which of non-transgenic hairy root in PAGE analysis. Sequencing results of targeted regions presented various nucleotide deletions ranging between -3 bp and -25 bp in size in both two genes of interest. This study laid an important basis for future gene function studies and targeted gene editing investigations on soybean plants in Vietnam.

Pengujian sistem induksi udara pada mobil toyota avanza K3-VE dengan scanner launch thinkdiag easydiag 4.0 bertujuan untuk menguji sistem induksi udara dengan media mobil apakah sensor-sensor serta sistem induksi udara yang terdapat pada media tersebut bekerja dengan baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan jenis metode penelitan deskriptif. Pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk memperkuat hasil penelitian berdasarkan dari suatu teori, gagasan para ahli dan observasi. Berdasarkan dari hasil pengujian yang sudah dilakukan pada mobil toyota avanza K3-VE dengan scanner launch thinkdiag easydiag 4.0 pada putaran stasioner, rendah, menengah dan tinggi yaitu: 1) kecepatan 750.25 Rpm sensor IAT membaca 89.6 degree F, sensor MAP 4.2 Psi dan sensor TPS membaca 0%, 2) kecepatan 1507.75 Rpm sensor IAT membaca 95 degree F, sensor MAP 3.62 Psi dan sensor TPS membaca 2.75%, 3) kecepatan 2042.52 Rpm sensor IAT membaca 96.8 degree F, sensor MAP 3.62 Psi dan sensor TPS membaca 4.31%, dan kecepatan 3102.75 Rpm sensor IAT membaca 114 degree F, sensor MAP 3.77 Psi dan sensor TPS membaca 6.67%, dari data yang diperoleh diatas dapat disimpulkan sensor dan sistem induksi udara pada mobil toyota avanza K3-VE berfungsi dengan baik dan bisa digunakan untuk kendaraan pribadi sehari-hari yang efektif.

Hot-stamped parts in a fully martensitic state exhibit very low ductility levels prior to failure, which limits their use in certain components. In the case of B-pillars, which may undergo impact loading, it could be desirable to create part zones with softer and more ductile microstructures. Local softening by means of an induction heating system is one of the methods of tailoring the properties for increasing overall energy absorption while minimizing additional manufacturing facilities. Through selective heating of the hardened zone, it is possible to form zones with very high strength and regions of reduced strength but increased ductility, resulting in a part with tailored mechanical properties. As local softening by induction heating is affected by thermomechanical properties, thermal deformation due to local heating is inevitably induced. Therefore, in this study, a local induction heating system combined with a deformation control unit is developed to minimize thermal deformation induced by local softening. The effectiveness of the system performance is strongly confirmed by the on-line application in the production line, and part qualities are significantly improved.

The main objective of this research work is to develop an effective mathematical model of cardiac conduction system using a heterogeneous whole-heart model. The model is in the form of a system of modified Van der Pol and FitzHugh-Nagumo differential equations capable of describing the heart dynamics. The proposed model extends the range of normal and pathological electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms that can be generated by the model. The effects of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the Mayer waves (MW) are both incorporated to modulate the intrinsic frequency of the main oscillator that represents the sinoatrial node. Also, three pathological conditions are incorporated into the model. The heart rate variability (HRV) phenomenon is incorporated into the synthetic ECGs produced which yields valuable information about the cardiovascular health and the performance of the autonomic nervous system. The spectral analysis of the generated RR tachogram delivers power spectrums that resemble those obtained from real recordings. Also, the proposed model generates synthetic ECGs that characteristic the three considered pathological conditions, namely, the tall T wave, the ECG with U wave, and the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. In general, the significance of this research work is in developing a mathematical model that represents the interactions between different pacemakers and allows analysis of cardiac rhythms. To show the effectiveness and the accuracy of the presented model, the results are compared to published results. The proposed model can be a useful tool to study the influences of different physiological conditions on the profile of the ECG. The synthetic ECG signals produced can be used as signal sources for the assessment of diagnostic ECG signal processing devices.

In this study, compressibility, and conventional and ultra-high frequency induction sintering behaviors of 99.8% purity and 50-70 µm size range aluminum powders were investigated. In the compressibility studies, uniaxial-cold pressing method was used. Green samples were produced in the range of 50-275 MPa using different pressures. By measuring the apparent densities of the produced samples, the optimum compressibility pressure was determined as 200 MPa. Pure aluminum powder metal samples produced with this ideal pressing pressure were sintered in both classical and ultra-high frequency induction methods in the range of 500-600 oC. Sintering was performed as 40 min in the traditional method and 5 min in the ultra-high frequency induction sintering method. As a result of the tests carried out in this study, it was determined that pure aluminum samples were successfully sintered with a high frequency induction system in a shorter time than traditional sintering method.

The paper presents the experimental research findings for the integral characteristics of processes developing when two-phase liquid droplets collide in a heated gas medium. The experiments were conducted in a closed heat exchange chamber space filled with air. The gas medium was heated to 400–500 °C by an induction system. In the experiments, the size of initial droplets, their velocities and impact angles were varied in the ranges typical of industrial applications. The main varied parameter was the percentage of vapor (volume of bubbles) in the droplet (up to 90% of the liquid volume). The droplet collision regimes (coalescence, bounce, breakup, disruption), size and number of secondary fragments, as well as the relative volume fraction of vapor bubbles in them were recorded. Differences in the collision regimes and in the distribution of secondary fragments by size were identified. The areas of liquid surface before and after the initial droplet breakup were determined. Conditions were outlined in which vapor bubbles had a significant and, on the contrary, fairly weak effect on the interaction regimes of two-phase droplets.

Polyploidization of plants occurs in nature but it is a slow and gradual process that has driven evolution and speciation throughout the ages. As time is important, polyploidization can be induced in a shorter period by using colchicine that interferes with mitosis of cells. To develop an efficient polyploidization protocol of a species, up to date research is paramount. The efficiency of polyploidization induction system depends on the advancement of propagation techniques of the species which consist of in vitro, ex vitro and in vivo systems. During polyploidization induction, several parameters can be manipulated to obtain highest percentage of polyploids. These parameters include colchicine concentration, treatment duration and explant type. Several other factors that enhance these parameters include usage of shaker, DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) and medium types. Induced putative polyploids are selected indirectly based on morphological parameters, anatomical parameters and flow cytometry. Selected putative polyploid can be verified directly and accurately using chromosome counting. Polyploidization has been practised for decades with notable breakthrough recently in terms of polyploidization system and polyploid identification. Current trend in polyploidization has included polyploid characterization in their protocol in terms of polyploid ultrastructure, bioactive compounds, photosynthetic capabilities and metabolomics studies. Establishment of methodologies in polyploid characterization will help the plant breeder to assess noble phenotype among polyploids which can be beneficial for commercial purpose. This paper seeks to provide an overview on an array of current best practices in polyploidization using colchicine.

In this research, intake runner length, and valve timing are varied individually and simultaneously over a range of values to capitalize the induction pressure waves to boost volumetric efficiency. 1-D model of the stock engine built in Ricardo Wave software is validated with 90% accuracy against experimental test results. The volumetric efficiency of the engine is boosted by an average of 3.2% over the speed range of the engine when infinitely variable runner lengths are used. When only two variations in runner length are used, the volumetric efficiency has boosted by around 1.4% on average. On the other hand, when infinitely variable valve timings along with two variations in runner lengths are used, the volumetric efficiency has boosted by an average of 7.78 %. Due to the existence of two different runner lengths, the span of variations required in valve timing is reduced further optimizing the volumetric efficiency. However, to ensure feasibility of the design, manufacturing, assembly and operation, it is better to use only two valve timings. The co-presence of only two different runner lengths and two different valve-opening timings, the average boost of 5.40 % in volumetric efficiency throughout the operating speed range of the engine is encountered Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Retinal degenerative diseases are the main causes of irreversible blindness without effective treatment. Pluripotent stem cells that have the potential to differentiate into all types of retinal cells, even mini-retinal tissues, hold huge promises for patients with these diseases and many opportunities in disease modeling and drug screening. However, the induction process from hPSCs to retinal cells is complicated and time-consuming. Here, we describe an optimized retinal induction protocol to generate retinal tissues with high reproducibility and efficiency, suitable for various human pluripotent stem cells. This protocol is performed without the addition of retinoic acid, which benefits the enrichment of cone photoreceptors. The advantage of this protocol is the quantification of EB size and plating density to significantly enhance the efficiency and repeatability of retinal induction. With this method, all major retinal cells sequentially appear and recapitulate the main steps of retinal development. It will facilitate downstream applications, such as disease modeling and cell therapy.

In this study, we report 6 plies of 5-harness satin woven fabrics were welded each other by ultra high frequency induction system between two tempered glass surfaces at 400°C under 640 kPa pressure for 120 seconds. The results of mechanical properties, Brinell hardness tests and SEM analysis proved an intimate contact between plies allowing the fusion in the bonding area for PEEK matrix.

Objectives Ex vivo engineered production of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets (PLTs) from human pluripotent stem cells is an alternative approach to solve shortage of donor‐donated PLTs in clinics and to provide induced PLTs for transfusion. However, low production yields are observed and the generation of clinically applicable MKs and PLTs from human pluripotent stem cells without genetic modifications still needs to be improved. Materials and Methods We defined an optimal, stepwise and completely xeno‐free culture protocol for the generation of MKs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). To generate MKs from hESCs on a large scale, we improved the monolayer induction manner to define three‐dimensional (3D) and sphere‐like differentiation systems for MKs by using a special polystyrene CellSTACK culture chamber. Results The 3D manufacturing system could efficiently generate large numbers of MKs from hESCs within 16‐18 days of continuous culturing. Each CellSTACK culture chamber could collect on an average 3.4 × 108 CD41+ MKs after a three‐stage orderly induction process. MKs obtained from hESCs via 3D induction showed significant secretion of IL‐8, thrombospondin‐1 and MMP9. The induced cells derived from hESCs in our culture system were shown to have the characteristics of MKs as well as the function to form proPLTs and release PLTs. Furthermore, we generated clinically applicable MKs from clinical‐grade hESC lines and confirmed the biosafety of these cells. Conclusions We developed a simple, stepwise, 3D and completely xeno‐free/feeder‐free/transgene‐free induction system for the generation of MKs from hESCs. hESC‐derived MKs were shown to have typical MK characteristics and PLT formation ability. This study further enhances the clinical applications of MKs or PLTs derived from pluripotent stem cells., We developed a simple, stepwise, three‐dimensional (3D) and completely xeno‐free/feeder‐free/transgene‐free induction system for generation of MKs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). hESC‐derived MKs were shown to have the typical MK characteristics and PLT formation ability. This study further enhances the clinical application of MKs or PLTs derived from pluripotent stem cells.

The current method to induce haploids in rice is anther culture, which is time-consuming and labor intensive and only works for some varieties. Here we describe a seed-based haploid induction system created by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. By editing OsMATL, we generate rice haploid inducer lines with a 2-5% haploid induction rate in different germplasms.

The use of in vivo haploid induction system makes the doubled haploid (DH) technology easier to adopt for the conventional maize breeders. However, despite having played an important role in the initial developmental phases of DH technology, Indian maize research has yet to harvest its benefits. Haploid Inducer Lines (HILs) developed by CIMMYT are being widely used in maize breeding programmes in many countries including India. There, however, is no published information on the efficiency of DH line production using CIMMYT HILs in Indian maize breeding programmes. In the present study, the efficiency of DH production using CIMMYT’s tropically adapted inducer line TAILP1 was investigated with eight source populations including two of sweet corn. The average haploid induction rate (HIR) of TAILP1 was 5.48% with a range of 2.01 to 10.03%. Efficiency of DH production ranged from 0.14 to 1.87% for different source populations with an average of 1.07%. The information generated will be useful for maize breeders intending to use DH technology for accelerated development of completely homozygous lines.

BACKGROUND Nyssorhynchus deaneorum is a potential malaria vector because it has been shown to be competent to transmit Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, and because it exhibits antropophilic and endophilic behaviors in some regions of the Amazon. This profile makes Ny. deaneorum a useful mosquito for experiments that model Plasmodium-vector interactions in the Amazon. OBJECTIVE Herein we describe how a free-mating colony of Ny. deaneorum has been established using an automated light stimulation system. METHODS Mosquitoes were captured in São Francisco do Guaporé, Rondônia. The F1 generation was reared until adult emergence at which point copulation was induced using an automatic copulation induction system (ACIS). FINDINGS After four generations, natural mating and oviposition began to occur without light stimulation. The number of pupae and adult mosquitoes increased from the F5 to F10 generations. The new Ny. deaneorum colony exhibited susceptibility to P. vivax. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Automated light stimulation is an effective method for establishing an Ny. deaneorum colony under laboratory conditions as it produces enough adults to create a stenogamic colony. The establishment of a stable, P. vivax-susceptible colony of Ny. deaneorum makes it possible to model parasite-vector interactions and to test novel drug therapies that target parasite development in mosquitoes.

In the study, 2024 Al and 5083 Al bulk samples were heated using two different methods, induction and conventional heat treatment. Using these methods, the processing cost and time analysis for both materials were performed. 5083 Al material cannot be heat-treated. However, to evaluate differences in the production cost of induction by changing the components of aluminum, the same procedures were applied to 5083 Al material. In both aluminum series, square, cylindrical, and hexagonal shapes were processed, and the effect of sample shape variations on cost was evaluated. The heat treatment was performed in a conventional kiln of 2 kW. Al materials were heat-treated for 5 h at 540 degrees C, and water was suddenly supplied. Then they were left in the kiln at 190 degrees C for 10 h for artificial aging. Al samples were heat-treated in the same way at 590 degrees C for 1 minute in the 900 kHz ultra-high frequency induction heating system (UHFIHS), which was fed with instant water. The samples were then artificially aged at four different heating durations varying between 2 and 8 minutes using the induction system. As a result of examining the production time and cost of both methods, it was found that the heat treatment of 2024 Al samples by induction was much more advantageous. Furthermore, when Al samples were heated by induction, shape differences and main alloy elements significantly affected power consumption values.

Induction systems can improve the quality of the metal due to its electromagnetic mixing. Without prior mathematical modeling and research, it is impossible to design a high-quality installation with minimal energy and financial costs.

The development of a rapid uniform heating process for blanks is needed to perform hot stamping processes. To solve the problem of inhomogeneous temperature distribution in conventional induction heating systems, a heating block has been added to an induction system and investigated to determine if it can achieve rapid and uniform blank heating. To characterize the effects of incorporating the heating block, the temperature distributions of various coil geometry have been experimentally analyzed. The results show that the proposed induction heating system makes it possible to achieve rapid and uniform blank heating, which is used to conduct stable hot stamping. The mechanical properties of a hot stamped part confirm that the proposed heating method is a feasible alternative method for hot stamping products, and that it yields excellent results. This system for the reduction of heating time requires less installation space compared to a conventional electric furnace and achieves uniform heating, which results in improved product quality and reduced manufacturing costs.

In-situ compaction and sintering of nanopowders are of great interest with respect to industrial production because they save time and energy. As a key study, Al2O3-1 wt.-% GNP composites were mixed in a V-type mixer for 2 hours at 35 cycle/min to obtain homogeneous mixtures. Mixed graphene nanoplatelets and alumina nanoparticles were compacted and sintered in-situ by applying uni-axial pressure in a graphite die, heated and generated by the ultra high-frequency induction system (UHFIHS). The graphite die was heated to 1500, 1550, 1600 and 1650 °C for 5, 10 and 20 minutes under a vacuum. The effect of sintering temperature and time on density, surface roughness, hardness and the microstructure of in-situ sintered nano graphene-alumina compacts were investigated.

In this work, Mg65Ni20Y15–XAgX (X = 1, 2, 3, 5) alloys were manufactured by atmosphere controlled induction system. The effect of Ag ratio on the microstructural properties, micro-hardness, density, and homogeneity of the Mg–Ni–Y alloys were investigated. These alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Vickers micro-hardness measurement. According to XRD results, Ni3Y and Mg6Ni phases were observed as well as AgY and Ag17Mg54 phases, which were obtained in alloys. The quantitative results of EDX analysis confirm that the chemical composition of the obtained phases is very close and their homogeneities are so high. The average micro-hardness values of the ingot alloys were measured between 208 and 266 HV for matrix. The elastic modulus and densities of the Mg65Ni20Y15–XAgX (X = 1, 2, 3, 5) alloys increased by increasing Ag in the alloys and they were determined in the range of 58.18–68.12 GPa and 3.14–3.53 g/cm3, respectively.

In this study, iron based powder metal (PM) compacts are sintered by two different sintering methods. One of the sintering methods is conventional sintering, 2kW atmosphere controlled oven is used in the sintering application. TM compacts are sintered at 1120°C for 30 minutes. In the study other used sintering method is induction which is a novel and fast. PM compacts are sintered at a temperature of 1120°C for 1 to 10 minutes using a 900 kHz ultra-high frequency induction system (UHFIS) with a power of 2.8kW. Hardness, density and microstructure images of PM compacts are examined and compared each other. When the obtained results are evaluated, 30 minutes conventional sintered PM compacts test results’ are reached in 5 minutes using by UHFIS. Thus, iron-based PM compacts are sintered in 6 times less dwell time while using the induction system.

In this study, pure aluminum (Al) powder metal (PM) compacts are sintered conventional or induction systems. PM compacts are sintered by furnace at 600 ° C in 60 minutes in the conventional sintering process. In the other process, PM compacts are sintered by induction system at seven different sintering temperatures from 550 ° C to 610 ° C in 4 minutes. 2.8 kW, 900 kHz ultra-high frequency induction system (UHFIS) used for heating application of induction sintering process. Densities and hardness values are investigated for both processes. During these sintering processes, all energy consumption results are measured and calculated, than compared with each other. The effects of the sintering time increase in the induction sintering process on energy cost have been analyzed. Optimum sintering temperature of the induction sintering process is determined. It has been seen that the cheaper energy cost is obtained by the induction system for sintering application.

The article analyzes the electromagnetic processes in the system of induction heating with estimating the main characteristics of heating the non-magnetic sheet metal. The analytical expressions for numerical estimates of the induced current in terms of the phase of the excitation signal are presented. The dependence for the heating temperature of the considered circular sheet metal area for the time corresponding to the interval phase has been determined.

Trip-related falls, which account for a significant portion of falls by the elderly, often result in serious injury. A method to evaluate fall risk accurately will be increasingly required in the aging society. For this purpose, it is necessary to analyze the natural reaction motion against tripping. We therefore developed a device and method to induce tripping at an arbitrary time during walking on a treadmill. To evaluate the validity of that method, another experiment that induced tripping on a walking lane was conducted. The reaction motions in the two environments were then compared. In this study, we focused on the difference in the preferred walking speed between the ground and the treadmill. The results suggest that the joint patterns during the reaction motion become similar when the subjective velocities, not the physical velocities, become the same for the subject, whereas physical parameters such as the trajectory of the center of mass become similar when the physical velocities match. These results help to understand the reaction motion against tripping and to reproduce the natural reaction motion on the treadmill.

Children learn though play. We introduce the analogous idea of learning programs through play. In this approach, a program induction system (the learner) is given a set of tasks and initial background knowledge. Before solving the tasks, the learner enters an unsupervised playing stage where it creates its own tasks to solve, tries to solve them, and saves any solutions (programs) to the background knowledge. After the playing stage is finished, the learner enters the supervised building stage where it tries to solve the user-supplied tasks and can reuse solutions learnt whilst playing. The idea is that playing allows the learner to discover reusable general programs on its own which can then help solve the user-supplied tasks. We claim that playing can improve learning performance. We show that playing can reduce the textual complexity of target concepts which in turn reduces the sample complexity of a learner. We implement our idea in Playgol, a new inductive logic programming system. We experimentally test our claim on two domains: robot planning and real-world string transformations. Our experimental results suggest that playing can substantially improve learning performance. We think that the idea of playing (or, more verbosely, unsupervised bootstrapping for supervised program induction) is an important contribution to the problem of developing program induction approaches that self-discover BK., IJCAI 2019