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This experimental study aimed to determine: 1) Differences in science learning outcomes between students who were taught via the Science Technology Society and the Quantum Teaching models; 2) Differences in science learning outcomes among students who have high, medium, and low critical thinking skills; 3) Relationship between these learning models and the critical thinking skills in terms of science learning outcomes. The participants of the study comprised 300 students from fifth grade of the private primary school in the Surakarta region. Out of the 300, 150 studentswere in the experimental group and 150 were in the control group. For the data collection two-way analysis of variance followed by the Scheffe test were administered. The result of the study showed that 1.) The level of science learning outcomes of the students who were taught via the Quantum Teaching model were higher than those taught via the Science Technology Society model. 2) There were differences in the level of science learning outcomes among the students who have high, medium, and low critical thinking skills. 3) There was no relationship between the learning models and the ability to think critically for improving science learning outcomes.

This research was aimed at finding out the effectiveness of experiential learning-based teaching material in Mathematics on the Mathematics cognitive ability of the fifth-grade student in elementary school. This research used quasi-experimental design involving two sample groups: experiment and control group. The sampling technique in this research used simple random sampling. The subject of this research was 54 students from the fifth-grade elementary school in Gunungpati Sub-district in the academic year 2017/2018. This study involved 28 students of the fifth-grade elementary school Nongkosawit 02 as the experimental group and 26 students of the fifth-grade elementary school Sadeng 03 as the control group. The instrument used in this research was multiple choice test consisting of 30 questions. The test was used to obtain pretest and posttest score. The data analysis in this research used T-independent test to examine the hypothesis. The result of the study shows the significance level of 0.000 is less than a = 0.05 which means that there is different cognitive ability between the experimental and control group. Thus, the use of experiential learning-based teaching material in Mathematics is effective to improve the Mathematics cognitive ability of the fifth-grade student in elementary school.

Based on PISA assessment result in 2015 on science; Indonesia ranks 69 out of 79 countries. Meanwhile, in science literacy, Indonesia ranks 62 out of 69 countries that are evaluated. That assessment result shows that science achievement and science literacy ability of Indonesian students are low. One of some factors that influences it is the selection of learning resource that does not explain science concept for students. This research is conducted to know the influence of the use of science literacy-based teaching material based on the improvement of fourth grade students' science achievement. This research is a quantitative research that uses an experimental method. This research is conducted at two elementary schools in Gunungpati, Semarang. The subjects of this research are 46 fourth grade students. The data were collected by using pre-test and post-test to know the students' score. This research shows that pre-test mean score is 39.935 and the posttest 1 mean score is 66.891. Meanwhile, t-tests show significance 0.000 (<0.05) meaning that there is the difference between pre-test and post-test. Therefore, there is influence on the use of science literacy-based teaching material based on fourth grade students' science achievement.

This study aims to describe achievement motivation on outstanding students in learning to write at the fifth grade primary schools students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Subjects in this study were 18 achieving students. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview and observation. Analytical techniques used are interactive analysis consisting of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the achievement motivation on outstanding students in learning writing is good, this happens because of several factors that support outstanding students in learning writing have good achievement motivation. There are factors of individuals (intern) and environmental factors (external), an individual factor which consists of (1) the competence of students; (2) belief to succeed, while environmental factors consists of (1) the competitive situation; (2) support from parents; and (3) schools, including how to teach teachers.

This study aims to determine the effect of applying problem based learning model on students' mathematics learning outcomes viewed from critical thinking skills of fifth grade students of the private primary school in the Surakarta region. This research is an experimental research using sample of 309 students consisting of experimental class of 153 students and control class of 156 students. Method of data analysis using Two-Way Anova. Results of this study indicate (1) There are significant differences in mathematics learning outcomes between students who following Problem Based Learning model with conventional model. (2) There is a significant difference in mathematics learning outcomes between students who have high and low critical thinking skills. (3) There is no interaction effect between learning model and critical thinking skills on mathematics learning outcomes.