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Background: In 2019, the World Health Organization identified improving access to safe abortion as an important priority toward improving sexual and reproductive health and rights and achieving Sustainable Development Goals. One strategy for addressing this priority is strengthening access to medicines for medical abortion. All 11 countries in the South-East Asia Region have some indications for legal abortion and permit post-abortion care. Therefore, strengthening access to medical abortion medicines is a reasonable strategy for improving access to safe abortion for the Region. Methodology: We applied an adapted version of an existing World Health Organization landscape assessment protocol for the availability of medical abortion medicines at the country-level in the South-East Asia Region. We collected publicly available data on the existence of national health laws, policies, and standard treatment guidelines; inclusion of medical abortion medicines in the national essential medicines list; and marketing authorization status for medical abortion medicines for each country and verified by Ministries of health. The findings were once more presented, discussed and recommendations were formulated during regional technical consultation workshop. Each country teams participated in the process, and subsequently, the suggestions were validated by representatives from Ministries of Health.. Results: Few countries in the Region currently have national policies and guidelines for comprehensive safe abortion. However, either mifepristone-misoprostol in combination or misoprostol alone (for other indications) is included in national essential medicines lists in all countries except Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Few countries earmark specific public funds for procuring and distributing medical abortion commodities. In countries where abortion is legal, the private sector and NGOs support access to medical abortion information and medicines. Several countries only allow registered medical practitioners or specialists to administer medical abortion. Conclusion: Following this rapid participatory assessment and technical consultation workshop, the World Health Organization South-East Asia Regional Technical Advisory and Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights technical committee recommended priority actions for policy and advocacy, service delivery, and monitoring and evaluation, and indicated areas for support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Indonesia's national Tuberculosis (TB) strategy is public-private mix (PPM). The PPM aims to treat patients who have lost sight during TB treatment as these patients are TB carriers and at risk of transmitting TB. The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors for loss to follow-up (LFTU) among TB patients receiving treatment when the PPM was at place in Indonesia. METHODS: The design of this study was a retrospective cohort study. The data used in this study was sourced from the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) of Semarang which was recorded routinely during 2020-2021. Univariate analysis, crosstabulation, and logistic regression were performed on 3434 TB patients meeting the minimum variables. RESULTS: The participation of health facilities in reporting TB during the PPM era in Semarang reached 97.6% consisting of 37 primary healthcare center (100%), 8 public hospitals (100%), 19 private hospitals (90.5%), and a community-based pulmonary health center (100%). The regression analysis reveal that the predictive factors of LTFU-TB during the PPM are the year of diagnosis (AOR=1.541; p-value=<0.001; 95% CI=1.228-1.934), referral status (AOR=1.562, p-value=0.007; 95% CI=1.130-2160), healthcare and social security insurance ownership (AOR=1.638; p-value=<0.001; 95% CI=1.263-2.124), drugs source (AOR=4.667; p-value=0.035; 95% CI=1.117-19.489). CONCLUSIONS: The PPM strategy in dealing with LTFU patients should focus on TB patients without Healthcare and Social Security Insurance and who receive TB treatment rather than program drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Transgender has been identified as engaging in receptive anal sex with men. Unprotected anal sex is undoubtedly an important risk factor, therefore consistency of condom use is a fundamental measure to prevent HIV transmission. This study was aimed to investigate association between condom use consistency and HIV among transgender in several provinces in Indonesia. Method: This study was done as secondary data analysis from a national cross-sectional study, namely the Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) 2015, done by the Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia. In this IBBS survey, multistage cluster sampling was used. Condom use and sexual behaviors was assessed through guided interview, while HIV infection was determined by series of rapid serologic test. Association, between consistency of condom use and HIV, using PR (prevalent ratio), was analyzed using chi-square test and cox regression model. Result: Transgender who did not consistently use condom when having commercial sex transaction were 1.7 times (PR=1.7; 95% CI:0.4-6.3) after adjustable several confounders. Transgender who did not consistently use condom use when having casual sex were 1.2 times (95% CI 0.1 -13.3) more likely to be infected with HIV than transgender who consistently use condom after adjusted by several confounders. Transgender who did not consistently use condom in both commercial and casual sex intercourses was 2.1 times (95% CI: 0.6 - 7.1) more likely to have HIV infection than transgender who consistently used condom after adjusted by several confounders. Conclusions: There were increased risks of not consistently using condom in each type of sexual intercourse, commercial or casual, among transgenders. Condom inconsistency showed its higher effect when related to both commercial and casual sexual intercourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]