780 results on '"Indolfi, P"'
Search Results
2. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, allergy and sports in children
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Klain, Angela, Giovannini, Mattia, Pecoraro, Luca, Barni, Simona, Mori, Francesca, Liotti, Lucia, Mastrorilli, Carla, Saretta, Francesca, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Arasi, Stefania, Caminiti, Lucia, Gelsomino, Mariannita, Indolfi, Cristiana, del Giudice, Michele Miraglia, and Novembre, Elio
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- 2024
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3. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of a sample of Italian paediatricians towards RSV and its preventive strategies: a cross-sectional study
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Congedo, Giulia, Lombardi, Gaia Surya, Zjalic, Doris, Di Russo, Mattia, La Gatta, Emanuele, Regazzi, Luca, Indolfi, Giuseppe, Staiano, Annamaria, and Cadeddu, Chiara
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- 2024
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4. Record of strep throat infections in Italy: what is needed to know about penicillin allergy? The point of view from the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP)
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De Filippo, Maria, Klain, Angela, Brambilla, Ilaria, Caimmi, Silvia, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Indolfi, Cristiana, Dinardo, Giulio, Licari, Amelia, Martelli, Alberto, Tosca, Maria Angela, Votto, Martina, Marseglia, Gian Luigi, and del Giudice, Michele Miraglia
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- 2024
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5. Does multiple gastric aspirate collection increase sensitivity of M. tuberculosis detection in children with pulmonary tuberculosis?
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Venturini, Elisabetta, Bortone, Barbara, Cini, Gianmaria, Venanzi, Jacopo, Pellegrino, Roberta, Bartolesi, Anna Maria, Vaggelli, Guendalina, Trapani, Sandra, Indolfi, Giuseppe, Bianchi, Leila, Montagnani, Carlotta, Chiappini, Elena, Rossolini, Gian Maria, and Galli, Luisa
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- 2024
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6. Attitude to food supplement use: a survey promoted by the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
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Giorgio Ciprandi, Maria Daglia, Giulia Brindisi, Francesco Paolo Brunese, Giulio Dinardo, Alessandra Gori, Cristiana Indolfi, Matteo Naso, Enrico Tondina, Chiara Trincianti, Attilio Varricchio, Anna Maria Zicari, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Lorenzo Drago
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Food supplements ,Nutraceuticals ,Survey ,Pediatricians ,Scientific society ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Food supplements are defined as foodstuffs the purpose of which is to supplement the normal diet and which are concentrated sources of nutrients or other substances with a nutritional or physiological effect, often referred to as nutraceuticals, may exert benefit to the human body. Their use is increasing worldwide, including Europe and in Italy. However, some doctors are skeptical about their effectiveness and safety. This reluctance may depend on poor knowledge of the mechanisms of action and clinical evidence in literature. The Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP) promoted the institution of an ad hoc Committee. The first initiative performed by this Committee was the administration of a questionnaire to the members of SIAIP. The results of this survey provided interesting results. Most pediatricians know the food supplement concept but frequently need help understanding the mechanisms of action. Most prescribe food supplements, mainly for preventing infections or enhancing immune defense. In addition, they prefer to use food supplements as cycles or add-on therapy. Finally, most participants like to attend events on this issue and contribute to new evidence through trials. In conclusion, this survey underscores the relevance of food supplement issues and attests to interest in this topic. However, there is a need to provide information and promote studies on this matter.
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- 2024
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7. Certainty and uncertainty in the biological activities of resveratrol
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Lorenzo Drago, Giorgio Ciprandi, Giulia Brindisi, Francesco Paolo Brunese, Giulio Dinardo, Alessandra Gori, Cristiana Indolfi, Matteo Naso, Enrico Tondina, Chiara Trincianti, Attilio Varricchio, Anna Maria Zicari, Hammad Ullah, Maria Daglia, and the Nutraceutical and Medical Device Task Force of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology (SIAIP)
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clinical trials ,health effects ,preclinical studies ,resveratrol ,safety ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
Abstract Resveratrol is a nonflavonoid polyphenolic compound with a chemical structure consisting of two aromatic rings linked by a methylene bridge. It exists in two primary isomers and has a broad range of desirable biological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, and antitumor activities. Some antioxidant properties of resveratrol are known with certainty, such as its potential to positively impact cardiovascular health, inflammation, and the metabolism. On the other hand, many uncertainties and controversies plague its efficacy, including issues related to its bioavailability, dosing, human clinical trial results, interactions with other food components and drugs, and individual variability. In brief, although promising results have been observed in in vitro and in vivo studies, the translation of these findings to human health remains uncertain. Many human clinical trials on resveratrol are ongoing or have proven inconclusive, making it challenging to definitively determine its efficacy for specific health conditions and its dose and duration of treatment. Resveratrol may interact with medications and have varying effects on individuals. In conclusion, it is essential to approach resveratrol with a balanced perspective, consulting with healthcare professionals, and considering the evolving scientific evidence when making decisions regarding its clinical use.
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- 2024
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8. Artificial intelligence in the transition of allergy: a valuable tool from childhood to adulthood
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Cristiana Indolfi, Angela Klain, Giulio Dinardo, Fabio Decimo, and Michele Miraglia del Giudice
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artificial intelligence ,transition ,children ,adults ,asthma ,allergy ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2024
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9. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, allergy and sports in children
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Angela Klain, Mattia Giovannini, Luca Pecoraro, Simona Barni, Francesca Mori, Lucia Liotti, Carla Mastrorilli, Francesca Saretta, Riccardo Castagnoli, Stefania Arasi, Lucia Caminiti, Mariannita Gelsomino, Cristiana Indolfi, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Elio Novembre
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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction ,Exercise-induced asthma ,Children ,Sport ,Atopy ,Allergy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is characterized by the narrowing of airways during or after physical activity, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Distinguishing between EIB and exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is essential, given their divergent therapeutic and prognostic considerations. EIB has been increasingly recognized as a significant concern in pediatric athletes. Moreover, studies indicate a noteworthy prevalence of EIB in children with atopic predispositions, unveiling a potential link between allergic sensitivities and exercise-induced respiratory symptoms, underpinned by an inflammatory reaction caused by mechanical, environmental, and genetic factors. Holistic management of EIB in children necessitates a correct diagnosis and a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. This review delves into the latest evidence concerning EIB in the pediatric population, exploring its associations with atopy and sports, and emphasizing the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches by highlighting various clinical scenarios.
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- 2024
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10. Record of strep throat infections in Italy: what is needed to know about penicillin allergy? The point of view from the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP)
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Maria De Filippo, Angela Klain, Ilaria Brambilla, Silvia Caimmi, Riccardo Castagnoli, Cristiana Indolfi, Giulio Dinardo, Amelia Licari, Alberto Martelli, Maria Angela Tosca, Martina Votto, Gian Luigi Marseglia, and Michele Miraglia del Giudice
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Group A streptococcus ,Invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infection ,Pharyngitis ,Amoxicillin ,Drug hypersensitivity ,Immediate reactions (IRs) ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Notifications of invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections have significantly increased in many European Countries compared to the previous season. In Italy, there has been an increase in streptococcal pharyngitis and scarlet fever cases since January 2023, which sparked concerns about a GAS epidemic in the pediatric population. This rise may be ascribed to the GAS infection season that began earlier than usual (off-season outbreak) and the increase in the spread of respiratory viruses and viral coinfections that raised the risk of iGAS disease. Moreover, this phenomenon was also facilitated by increased travel after reduced GAS circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in cases of GAS disease has raised some critical issues regarding the potential reactions to administering amoxicillin, the first-line antibiotic therapy, many of which have been erroneously labeled as “allergy." For these reasons, the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP) intends to provide simple clinical indications to help pediatricians manage GAS pharyngitis, discerning the allergic from non-allergic drug hypersensitivity.
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- 2024
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11. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of a sample of Italian paediatricians towards RSV and its preventive strategies: a cross-sectional study
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Giulia Congedo, Gaia Surya Lombardi, Doris Zjalic, Mattia Di Russo, Emanuele La Gatta, Luca Regazzi, Giuseppe Indolfi, Annamaria Staiano, and Chiara Cadeddu
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Respiratory syncytial virus ,Infectious diseases ,Prevention ,Immunization ,Child health ,Public health ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection mainly affects newborns, infants and young children aged
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- 2024
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12. Erratum to 'Opinion paper on the diagnosis and treatment of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis' [JHEP Reports 6 (2024) 100949]
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Patrick McKiernan, Jesus Quintero Bernabeu, Muriel Girard, Giuseppe Indolfi, Eberhard Lurz, and Palak Trivedi
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Published
- 2024
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13. Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children over a 9-year period and preventive strategy impact
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Lorenzo Lodi, Francesco Catamerò, Marta Voarino, Federica Barbati, Maria Moriondo, Francesco Nieddu, Walter Maria Sarli, Francesco Citera, Valeria Astorino, Caterina Pelosi, Francesca Quaranta, Silvia Stocco, Clementina Canessa, Vieri Lastrucci, Silvia Ricci, Giuseppe Indolfi, and Chiara Azzari
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respiratory syncytial virus ,RSV ,nirsevimab ,prevention ,children ,bronchiolitis ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the primary cause of respiratory infections and hospitalizations in young children globally, leading to substantial disease burden and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review and provide updates on how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have significantly influenced RSV epidemiology on hospitalized children due to RSV infection. A potential impact of the available preventive strategies on the same population were provided.Methods: All children aged 0–6 years hospitalized at Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS for RSV infection from September 2014 to March 2023 were retrospectively recorded. Seasonal trends before and after SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, age distribution, ICU admission and co-infections, comorbidities and prematurity were retrieved. Predictions on the number of hospitalizations avoided by the deployment of different preventive strategies were provided.Results: A total of 1,262 children with RSV infection were included in the study. The 70% of them had less than 1 year-of-age at the moment of hospitalization and almost 50% less than 3 months. In the post-pandemic seasons, a 317% increase in the number of hospitalizations was recorded with a significant increase in older children compared to the pre-pandemic seasons. ICU support was required for 22% of children, the majority of whom were under 3 months of age. Almost 16% of hospitalized children were born preterm and only 27% of hospitalized children had prior comorbidities. The rate of comorbidities among RSV hospitalized children increased with age. Nirsevimab prophylaxis could have prevented more than 46% of hospitalizations in this cohort. A preventive strategy addressing also children aged 7 months to 6 years of age with co-existing comorbidities would increase that rate above 57%.Discussion: The identification of RSV hospitalization-related features is informing the decision-maker for the deployment of the wisest preventive approach on a population scale.
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- 2024
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14. Hydrogen sulfide dysfunction in metabolic syndrome-associated vascular complications involves cGMP regulation through soluble guanylyl cyclase persulfidation
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M. Smimmo, V. Casale, G.M. Casillo, E. Mitidieri, R. d'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca, I. Bello, A. Schettino, R. Montanaro, V. Brancaleone, C. Indolfi, G. Cirino, A. Di Lorenzo, M. Bucci, E. Panza, and V. Vellecco
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H2S donors ,aorta ,db/db mice ,soluble guanylyl cyclase ,metabolic syndrome ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Here, by using in vitro and ex vivo approaches, we elucidate the impairment of the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway in vascular complications associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the in vitro model simulating hyperlipidemic/hyperglycemic conditions, we observe significant hallmarks of endothelial dysfunction, including eNOS/NO signaling impairment, ROS overproduction, and a reduction in CSE-derived H2S. Transitioning to an ex vivo model using db/db mice, a genetic MetS model, we identify a downregulation of CBS and CSE expression in aorta, coupled with a diminished L-cysteine-induced vasorelaxation. Molecular mechanisms of eNOS/NO signaling impairment, dissected using pharmacological and molecular approaches, indicate an altered eNOS/Cav-1 ratio, along with reduced Ach- and Iso-induced vasorelaxation and increased L-NIO-induced contraction. In vivo treatment with the H2S donor Erucin ameliorates vascular dysfunction observed in db/db mice without impacting eNOS, further highlighting a specific action on smooth muscle component rather than the endothelium. Analyzing the NO signaling pathway in db/db mice aortas, reduced cGMP levels were detected, implicating a defective sGC/cGMP signaling. In vivo Erucin administration restores cGMP content. This beneficial effect involves an increased sGC activity, due to enzyme persulfidation observed in sGC overexpressed cells, coupled with PDE5 inhibition. In conclusion, our study demonstrates a pivotal role of reduced cGMP levels in impaired vasorelaxation in a murine model of MetS involving an impairment of both H2S and NO signaling. Exogenous H2S supplementation through Erucin represents a promising alternative in MetS therapy, targeting smooth muscle cells and supporting the importance of lifestyle and nutrition in managing MetS.
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- 2024
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15. Risk Score for Prediction of Dialysis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
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Vincenzo Pasceri, Francesco Pelliccia, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Italo Porto, Francesco Radico, Fausto Biancari, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Francesco Saia, Giampaolo Luzi, Francesco Bedogni, Ignacio J. Amat Santos, Vincenzo De Marzo, Arnaldo Dimagli, Timo Mäkikallio, Eugenio Stabile, Sara Blasco‐Turrión, Luca Testa, Marco Barbanti, Corrado Tamburino, Franco Fabiocchi, Ahmed Chilmeran, Federico Conrotto, Giuliano Costa, Giulio Stefanini, Carmen Spaccarotella, Andrea Macchione, Michele La Torre, Francesco Bendandi, Tatu Juvonen, Wojciech Wańha, Wojtek Wojakowski, Umberto Benedetto, Ciro Indolfi, David Hildick‐Smith, and Marco Zimarino
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acute kidney injury ,dialysis ,mortality ,risk score ,transcatheter aortic valve replacement ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background Dialysis is a rare but serious complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. We analyzed the large multicenter TRITAVI (transfusion requirements in transcatheter aortic valve implantation) registry in order to develop and validate a clinical score assessing this risk. Methods and Results A total of 10 071 consecutive patients were enrolled in 19 European centers. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to a derivation and validation cohort. Two scores were developed, 1 including only preprocedural variables (TRITAVIpre) and 1 also including procedural variables (TRITAVIpost). In the 6714 patients of the derivation cohort (age 82±6 years, 48% men), preprocedural factors independently associated with dialysis and included in the TRITAVIpre score were male sex, diabetes, prior coronary artery bypass graft, anemia, nonfemoral access, and creatinine clearance
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- 2024
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16. Correction to: Erythema nodosum in children: a cohort study from a tertiary pediatric hospital in Italy
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Abu-Rumeileh, Sarah, Barbati, Federica, Indolfi, Giuseppe, and Trapani, Sandra
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- 2024
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17. The prognostic role of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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Mushtaq, Saima, Monti, Lorenzo, Rossi, Alexia, Pontone, Gianluca, Conte, Edoardo, Nicoli, Flavia, di Odoardo, Luca, Guglielmo, Marco, Indolfi, Eleonora, Bombace, Sara, Baggiano, Andrea, Gripari, Paola, Pepi, Mauro, Bartorelli, Antonio, Oliveira, Margarida, Santos, Ana, Francone, Marco, and Andreini, Daniele
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- 2023
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18. Distinctive phenogroup to differentiate diagnosis of cardiac myxoma vs cardiovascular disease examining blood-based circulating cell biomarkers
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Giuseppe Donato, Chiara Mignogna, Gianluca Santise, Ivan Presta, Teresa Ferrazzo, Virginia Garo, Daniele Maselli, Antonio Curcio, Salvatore De Rosa, Carmen Spaccarotella, Vincenzo Mollace, Francesco Gentile, Ciro Indolfi, and Natalia Malara
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Cardiac myxoma (CM) is a potentially life-threatening disease because frequently asymptomatic or debuts with aspecific manifestations. Definitive diagnosis is established by histopathological assessment including tumor and endothelial cell markers. To derive a specific panel of circulating cells antigenically detectable, pre-surgery peripheral blood samples of CM patients were analyzed. Pre-surgery peripheral blood samples from patients with CM were simultaneously analyzed for Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs) that were matched with tumor tissue profiles and with patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) distinguishing tumor regions. Moreover, CECs values in CM patients were further matched with CEC’s levels in cardiovascular disease and control subjects. The blood-derived cytological specimens detected at least 1–3 CTCs/ml in 10 tested CM samples (p = 0.0001) showing specific CM features preserved in the central zones of the tumor. The central zone of the primary tumor, supported by a vessel density rate (55 ± 7%), with a proliferative profile of 32 ± 3% and a percentage of Calretininpos cells (p = 0.03), is the principal site of CTCs (r = 00) dissemination. The subsets of endothelial cells recognized in the blood were indifferent to their topological distribution within the tumor and corresponding PDXs. With further refinement and validation in large cohorts, multiparametric liquid biopsies can optimally integrate clinically informative datasets and maximize their utility in pre-surgery evaluation of CM patients. Blood-derived culture’s protocol provides a versatile method capable of viable analysis of CTCs of non-hematological rare tumors which conventional antibody-mediated analytical platform is unable to perform. Distinctive blood- based cell phenotype contributes to differentiate CM from other differentials assuring its prompt surgical resection by combining blood-based cell biomarkers integrated with clinically informative datasets.
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- 2023
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19. Effects of Nasal Solution Incorporating Resveratrol and Carboxymethyl-Β-Glucan in Preschool Non-Atopic Children with Wheezing
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Cristiana Indolfi, Costanza Mignini, Francesco Valitutti, Ilaria Bizzarri, Giulio Dinardo, Angela Klain, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Giuseppe Di Cara
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resveratrol ,wheezing ,preschool wheezing ,children ,non-atopic children ,pediatric populations ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) account for more than 80% of wheezing episodes in children with a high incidence of hospitalization in preschool age. Most children with symptoms of wheezing during an URTI are usually non-atopic. As the majority of wheezing episodes resulting from URTI are attributed to viral triggers, several studies have suggested the potential anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties of resveratrol. This study aims to identify the effect of resveratrol for pediatric non-atopic patients with recurrent wheezing triggered by URTIs. We conducted a prospective single-blind study to assess the effectiveness of a short course of nasal solutions incorporating resveratrol and carboxymethyl-β-glucan, administered for 7 days at the onset of URTIs, compared to standard nasal lavage with 0.9% saline solution. A total of 19 patients entered the active group, 20 patients were assigned to the placebo group. The comparison of overall wheezing days (p < 0.001), mean wheezing days per month (p < 0.01), and wheezing episodes per patient (p < 0.001) in the two groups showed a significant reduction in the group receiving resveratrol compared with the placebo group, with less hospital access (p < 0.001) and oral corticosteroid administration (p < 0.01). Our findings seem to suggest that, in non-atopic children with recurrent wheezing secondary to URTIs, nasal resveratrol could be effective to prevent or reduce the occurrence of wheezing, when started from the onset of upper airway symptoms.
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- 2024
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20. An Updated Reappraisal of Dupilumab in Children and Adolescents with Severe Asthma
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Gian Luigi Marseglia, Amelia Licari, Maria Angela Tosca, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Cristiana Indolfi, and Giorgio Ciprandi
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severe asthma ,type 2 inflammation ,allergic asthma ,dupilumab ,phenotype ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Severe asthma (SA) is still a demanding challenge in clinical practice. Type 2 inflammation is the most common phenotype in children and adolescents with SA. As a result, anti-inflammatory drugs, mainly corticosteroids (CSs), represent the first choice to reduce type 2 inflammation. However, SA patients may require high inhaled and oral CS doses to achieve and maintain asthma control. Some SA patients, despite the highest CS dosages, can even display uncontrolled asthma. Therefore, the biological era constituted a breakthrough in managing this condition. Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the IL-4 receptor α-subunit (IL-4Rα), antagonizing against both IL-4 and IL-13, and has been approved for pediatric severe type 2 asthma. This review presents and discusses the most recent published studies on dupilumab in children and adolescents with SA. There is convincing evidence that dupilumab is a safe and effective option in managing SA as it can reduce asthma exacerbations, reduce CS use, and improve lung function, asthma control, and quality of life, also for caregivers. However, a thorough diagnostic pathway is mandatory, mainly concerning phenotyping. In fact, the ideal eligible candidate is a child or adolescent with a type 2 allergic phenotype.
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- 2024
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21. Distinctive phenogroup to differentiate diagnosis of cardiac myxoma vs cardiovascular disease examining blood-based circulating cell biomarkers
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Donato, Giuseppe, Mignogna, Chiara, Santise, Gianluca, Presta, Ivan, Ferrazzo, Teresa, Garo, Virginia, Maselli, Daniele, Curcio, Antonio, De Rosa, Salvatore, Spaccarotella, Carmen, Mollace, Vincenzo, Gentile, Francesco, Indolfi, Ciro, and Malara, Natalia
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- 2023
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22. Modelling the potential clinical and economic impact of universal antenatal hepatitis C (HCV) screening and providing treatment for pregnant women with HCV and their infants in Egypt: a cost-effectiveness study
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Giuseppe Indolfi, Diana M Gibb, Sarah Pett, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, Anthony E Ades, Karen Scott, Ali Judd, Nadia Hachicha-Maalej, Clotilde Lepers, Intira Jeannie Collins, and Manal H El Sayed
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Backgrounds and aims Pregnant women and children are not included in Egypt’s hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination programmes. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of several screening and treatment strategies for pregnant women and infants in Egypt.Design A Markov model was developed to simulate the cascade of care and HCV disease progression among pregnant women and their infants according to different screening and treatment strategies, which included: targeted versus universal antenatal screening; treatment of women in pregnancy or deferred till after breast feeding; treatment of infected children at 3 years vs 12 years. Current practice is targeted antenatal screening with deferred treatment for the mother and child. We also explored prophylactic treatment after birth for children of diagnosed HCV-infected women. Discounted lifetime cost, life expectancy (LE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated separately for women and their infants, and then combined.Results Current practice led to the highest cost (US$314.0), the lowest LE (46.3348 years) and the highest DALYs (0.0512 years) per mother–child pair. Universal screening and treatment during pregnancy followed by treatment of children at 3 years would be less expensive and more effective (cost saving) compared with current practice (US$219.3, 46.3525 and 0.0359 years). Prophylactic treatment at birth for infants born to HCV RNA-positive mothers would also be similarly cost saving, even with treatment uptake as low as 15% (US$218.6, 46.3525 and 0.0359 years). Findings were robust to reasonable changes in parameters.Conclusion Universal screening and treatment of HCV in pregnancy, with treatment of infected infants at age 3 years is cost saving compared with current practice in the Egyptian setting.
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- 2024
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23. Corrigendum: HLH as an additional warning sign of inborn errors of immunity beyond familial-HLH in children: a systematic review
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Silvia Ricci, Walter Maria Sarli, Lorenzo Lodi, Clementina Canessa, Francesca Lippi, Donata Dini, Marta Ferrari, Laura Pisano, Elena Sieni, Giuseppe Indolfi, Massimo Resti, and Chiara Azzari
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hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ,inborn errors of immunity ,macrophage activation syndrome ,immune deficiency ,familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ,hemophagocytic syndrome ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Published
- 2024
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24. Diagnostic approach for children with increased serum concentrations of aminotransferases
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Franco Curci, Mariangela Stinco, Simona Carrera, Chiara Rubino, and Giuseppe Indolfi
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Transaminase ,Aminotransferase ,Pediatric hypertransaminasemia ,Children ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
The detection of elevated serum levels of aminotransferases in children is common in daily clinical practice. Although non-specific, their increased serum level serve as a marker for hepatic cytolysis. Diverse conditions are associated with elevated transaminases. The objective of this article is to offer pediatricians a step-by-step guide for the differential diagnosis of hypertransaminasemia in children.
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- 2024
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25. Overview on the treatment of severe bronchial asthma
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Giulio Dinardo, Cristiana Indolfi, Angela Klain, Chiara Lucia Bencivenga, Serena Ferrara, Fabio Decimo, and Michele Miraglia del Giudice
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Asthma ,Severe asthma ,Children ,Precision medicine ,Monoclonal antibodies ,Biologics ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Childhood asthma, often linked with atopic conditions, poses a challenge when classified as severe and uncontrolled. The 2023 GINA guidelines define severe asthma in children as asthma that remains uncontrolled despite optimized treatment with high-dose ICS-LABA or requires high-dose ICS-LABA to prevent it from becoming uncontrolled. This category encompasses about 5% of pediatric asthma cases, emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic exploration. Advances in understanding asthma phenotypes and endotypes enable personalized treatment based on biomarkers. Monoclonal antibodies offer targeted solutions, reducing exacerbations, improving lung function, and minimizing corticosteroid use in pediatric patients. Integrating these therapies requires a personalized approach by healthcare providers, enhancing outcomes in severe and refractory cases.
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- 2024
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26. Corrigendum: Choosing wisely in pediatric healthcare: a narrative review
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Sandra Trapani, Alessandra Montemaggi, and Giuseppe Indolfi
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choosing ,wisely ,childhood ,appropriateness ,diagnosis ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Published
- 2024
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27. HLH as an additional warning sign of inborn errors of immunity beyond familial-HLH in children: a systematic review
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Silvia Ricci, Walter Maria Sarli, Lorenzo Lodi, Clementina Canessa, Francesca Lippi, Donata Dini, Marta Ferrari, Laura Pisano, Elena Sieni, Giuseppe Indolfi, Massimo Resti, and Chiara Azzari
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hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ,inborn errors of immunity ,macrophage activation syndrome ,immune deficiency ,familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ,hemophagocytic syndrome ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
BackgroundHemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by a severe impairment of the immune homeostasis. While Familial-HLH (FHL) is a known cause, the involvement of other Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) in pediatric-HLH remains understudied.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to assess the clinical features, triggers, laboratory data, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric HLH patients with IEI other than FHL (IEInotFHL), emphasizing the importance of accurate identification and management.MethodsA systematic search for studies meeting inclusion criteria was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central. Quality assessment was performed through JBI criteria.ResultsA comprehensive search yielded 108 records meeting inclusion criteria, involving 178 patients. We identified 46 different IEI according to IUIS 2022 Classification. Combined immunodeficiencies, immune dysregulation disorders, and phagocyte defects were the IEI most frequently associated with HLH. In 75% of cases, HLH preceded the IEI diagnosis, often with an unrecognized history of severe infections. Triggers reflected the specific infection susceptibilities within IEI groups. Liver and central nervous system involvement were less common than in FHL cases. Treatment approaches and outcomes varied, with limited long-term follow-up data, limiting the assessment of therapeutic efficacy across IEI groups.ConclusionA comprehensive evaluation encompassing immunological, infectious, and genetic aspects is essential in pediatric-HLH. Relying solely on FHL or EBV susceptibility disorders tests is insufficient, as diverse other IEI can contribute to HLH. Early recognition of HLH as a potential warning sign can guide timely diagnostic investigations and facilitate tailored therapeutic interventions for improved outcomes.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=371425, PROSPERO, CRD42022371425.
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- 2024
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28. Corrigendum: The new Italian registry of infantile thrombosis (RITI): a reflection on its journey, challenges and pitfalls
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Maria Federica Pelizza, Matteo Martinato, Anna Rosati, Margherita Nosadini, Paola Saracco, Paola Giordano, Matteo Luciani, Laura Ilardi, Donatella Lasagni, Angelo Claudio Molinari, Rossana Bagna, Antonella Palmieri, Luca Antonio Ramenghi, Massimo Grassi, Mariella Magarotto, Federica Magnetti, Andrea Francavilla, Giuseppe Indolfi, Agnese Suppiej, Chiara Gentilomo, Roberta Restelli, Antonella Tufano, Daniela Tormene, Jacopo Norberto Pin, Clarissa Tona, Davide Meneghesso, Lidia Rota, Marta Conti, Giovanna Russo, Giulia Lorenzoni, Dario Gregori, Stefano Sartori, Paolo Simioni, Collaborators of the R.I.T.I. (Italian and Registry of Infantile Thrombosis), Accorsi Patrizia, Aceto Gabriella, Agnoletti Gabriella, Agostini Manuela, Alfarano Angela, Altieri Elena, Amador Carolina, Antonelli Camilla, Arena Vittoria, Asta Francesca, Baggio Laura, Ballardini Elisa, Baracetti Margherita, Baraldi Eugenio, Barberis Laura, Barisone Elena, Basso Anne Letizia, Battajon Nadia, Bersani Iliana, Biddeci Giada, Biffanti Roberta, Bonardi Claudia Maria, Bonaudo Roberto, Boniver Clementina, Boscarol Gianluca, Bottino Roberto, Bravar Giulia, Brizzi Ilaria, Brolatti Noemi, Braguglia Annabella, Guaragni Brunetta, Bugin Samuela, Calvo Pier Luigi, Capasso Antonella, Capodiferro Donatella, Cappelleri Alessia, Cascarano Maria Teresa, Casellato Susanna, Casini Tommaso, Catarzi Serena, Cavaliere Elena, Cavicchiolo Maria Elena, Celestino Silvia, Celle Maria Elena, Centonze Nicola, Cerutti Alessia, Chakrokh Roksana, Offer Chiara, Chiodin Elisabetta, Chirico Gaetano, Chukhlantseva Natalia, Cifarelli Paola, Cinelli Giulia, Coinu Marisa, Colonna Clara, Comito Donatella, Corato Alessandra, Cordelli Duccio Maria, Crichiutti Giovanni, Cursio Ida, Dagri Arianna, De Maria Beatrice, Del Borrello Giovanni, Di Rienzo Francesca, Doglioni Nicoletta, Dolcemascolo Valentina, Dotta Andrea, Drigo Paola, Drimaco Pietro, Ellero Serena, Falcone Alessandra, Fantauzzi Ambra, Farinasso Daniela, Ferilli Michela, Festa Silvia, Fischer Maximilian, Foiadelli Thomas, Fotzi Ilaria, Francavilla Rosa, Freschi Paola, Gaffuri Marcella, Gallo Elena, Gamalero Lisa, Gandioli Claudia, Garuccio Sergio, Gentile Diletta, Ghionzoli Marco, Giliberti Paola, Greco Filippo, Guariento Chiara, Guidotti Isotta, Iodice Alessandro, Janes Augusta, Laghi Elena, Lampugnani Elisabetta, Lassandro Giuseppe, Laverda Anna Maria, Lazzerotti Alessandra, Lo Tartaro Meragliotta Patrizia, Lombardini Martina, Lorenzon Eleonora, Mainini Nicoletta, Massoud Michela, Materia Valeria, Mattera Raffaele, Mauro Isabella, Melani Federico, Meli Mariaclaudia, Messina Giovanni, Monticone Sonia, Moras Marzia, Negro Ilaria, Olzai Giorgio, Pancani Simone, Pandolfi Maria, Passariello Annalisa, Passarini Alice, Passone Eva, Pastorino Myriam, Pegoraro Veronica, Pennoni Serena, Perilongo Giorgio, Pozzessere Anna, Pruna Dario, Pusiol Anna, Putti Maria Caterina, Rabbone Ivana, Radicioni Maurizio, Renna Salvatore, Ricci Maria Luisa, Rimini Alessandro, Rivellini Sara, Rustioni Gianluca, Salvadori Sabrina, Santoiemma Valentina, Santoro Nicola, Schiavulli Michele, Sebellin Sofia, Sesta Michela, Soffiati Massimo, Sorbo Monica, Spanedda Giuseppina, Stangalini Valeria, Stasolla Salvatore, Tanzi Giorgia, Testa Tiziana, Teutonico Federica, Timpani Giuseppina, Toldo Irene, Trapani Sandra, Vaccari Roberto, Vecchi Marilena, Vento Giovanni, Veraldi Daniele, Villa Giovanna, Visintin Gianluca, Zambelloni Cesare, and Zellini Francesco
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thrombosis ,stroke ,children ,pediatric ,registry ,thromboembolism ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Published
- 2024
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29. Opinion paper on the diagnosis and treatment of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
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Patrick McKiernan, Jesus Quintero Bernabeu, Muriel Girard, Giuseppe Indolfi, Eberhard Lurz, and Palak Trivedi
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PFIC ,diagnosis ,treatment ,IBAT inhibitor ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background & Aims: Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) relates to a group of rare, debilitating, liver disorders which typically present in early childhood, but have also been reported in adults. Without early detection and effective treatment, PFIC can result in end-stage liver disease. The aim of the paper was to put forward recommendations that promote standardisation of the management of PFIC in clinical practice. Methods: A committee of six specialists came together to discuss the challenges faced by physicians in the management of PFIC. The committee agreed on two key areas where expert guidance is required to optimise care: (1) how to diagnose and treat patients with a clinical presentation of PFIC in the absence of clear genetic test results/whilst awaiting results, and (2) how to monitor disease progression and response to treatment. A systematic literature review was undertaken to contextualise and inform the recommendations. Results: An algorithm was developed for the diagnosis and treatment of children with suspected PFIC. The algorithm recommends the use of licensed inhibitors of ileal bile acid transporters as the first-line treatment for patients with PFIC and suggests that genetic testing be used to confirm genotype whilst treatment is initiated in patients in whom PFIC is suspected. The authors recommend referring patients to an experienced centre, and ensuring that monitoring includes measurements of pruritus, serum bile acid levels, growth, and quality of life following diagnosis and during treatment. Conclusions: The algorithm presented within this paper offers guidance to optimise the management of paediatric PFIC. The authors hope that these recommendations will help to standardise the management of PFIC in the absence of clear clinical guidelines. Impact and implications: This opinion paper outlines a consistent approach to the contemporaneous diagnosis, monitoring, referral and management of children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. This should assist physicians given the recent developments in genetic diagnosis and the availability of effective drug therapy. This manuscript will also help to raise awareness of current developments and educate health planners on the place for new drug therapies in progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis.
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- 2024
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30. Erythema nodosum in children: a cohort study from a tertiary pediatric hospital in Italy
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Abu-Rumeileh, Sarah, Barbati, Federica, Indolfi, Giuseppe, and Trapani, Sandra
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- 2023
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31. Correction: Klain et al. The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma. Children 2024, 11, 469
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Angela Klain, Antonio Andrea Senatore, Amelia Licari, Francesca Galletta, Irene Bettini, Leonardo Tomei, Sara Manti, Francesca Mori, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Cristiana Indolfi
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n/a ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
There was an error in the original publication [...]
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- 2024
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32. The Role of Multimodality Imaging (CT & MR) as a Guide to the Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes
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Luigi Tassetti, Enrico Sfriso, Francesco Torlone, Andrea Baggiano, Saima Mushtaq, Francesco Cannata, Alberico Del Torto, Fabio Fazzari, Laura Fusini, Daniele Junod, Riccardo Maragna, Alessandra Volpe, Nazario Carrabba, Edoardo Conte, Marco Guglielmo, Lucia La Mura, Valeria Pergola, Roberto Pedrinelli, Ciro Indolfi, Gianfranco Sinagra, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Andrea Igoren Guaricci, and Gianluca Pontone
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chronic coronary syndrome ,stress cardiac magnetic resonance ,coronary computed tomography angiography ,Medicine - Abstract
Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is one of the leading cardiovascular causes of morbidity, mortality, and use of medical resources. After the introduction by international guidelines of the same level of recommendation to non-invasive imaging techniques in CCS evaluation, a large debate arose about the dilemma of choosing anatomical (with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)) or functional imaging (with stress echocardiography (SE), cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), or nuclear imaging techniques) as a first diagnostic evaluation. The determinant role of the atherosclerotic burden in defining cardiovascular risk and prognosis more than myocardial inducible ischemia has progressively increased the use of a first anatomical evaluation with CCTA in a wide range of pre-test probability in CCS patients. Functional testing holds importance, both because the role of revascularization in symptomatic patients with proven ischemia is well defined and because functional imaging, particularly with stress cardiac magnetic resonance (s-CMR), gives further prognostic information regarding LV function, detection of myocardial viability, and tissue characterization. Emerging techniques such as stress computed tomography perfusion (s-CTP) and fractional flow reserve derived from CT (FFRCT), combining anatomical and functional evaluation, appear capable of addressing the need for a single non-invasive examination, especially in patients with high risk or previous revascularization. Furthermore, CCTA in peri-procedural planning is promising to acquire greater importance in the non-invasive planning and guiding of complex coronary revascularization procedures, both by defining the correct strategy of interventional procedure and by improving patient selection. This review explores the different roles of non-invasive imaging techniques in managing CCS patients, also providing insights into preoperative planning for percutaneous or surgical myocardial revascularization.
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- 2024
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33. Exploring the Role of Lactoferrin in Managing Allergic Airway Diseases among Children: Unrevealing a Potential Breakthrough
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Alessandra Gori, Giulia Brindisi, Maria Daglia, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Giulio Dinardo, Alessandro Di Minno, Lorenzo Drago, Cristiana Indolfi, Matteo Naso, Chiara Trincianti, Enrico Tondina, Francesco Paolo Brunese, Hammad Ullah, Attilio Varricchio, Giorgio Ciprandi, and Anna Maria Zicari
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atopic diseases ,allergic rhinitis ,asthma ,anti-inflammatory ,antioxidant ,immunomodulation ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases has dramatically increased among children in recent decades. These conditions significantly impact the quality of life of allergic children and their families. Lactoferrin, a multifunctional glycoprotein found in various biological fluids, is emerging as a promising immunomodulatory agent that can potentially alleviate allergic diseases in children. Lactoferrin’s multifaceted properties make it a compelling candidate for managing these conditions. Firstly, lactoferrin exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which can mitigate the chronic inflammation characteristic of allergic diseases. Secondly, its iron-binding capabilities may help regulate the iron balance in allergic children, potentially influencing the severity of their symptoms. Lactoferrin also demonstrates antimicrobial properties, making it beneficial in preventing secondary infections often associated with respiratory allergies. Furthermore, its ability to modulate the immune response and regulate inflammatory pathways suggests its potential as an immune-balancing agent. This review of the current literature emphasises the need for further research to elucidate the precise roles of lactoferrin in allergic diseases. Harnessing the immunomodulatory potential of lactoferrin could provide a novel add-on approach to managing allergic diseases in children, offering hope for improved outcomes and an enhanced quality of life for paediatric patients and their families. As lactoferrin continues to capture the attention of researchers, its properties and diverse applications make it an intriguing subject of study with a rich history and a promising future.
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- 2024
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34. Exploring the Interplay between Asthma and Hemoglobinopathies: A Comprehensive Review
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Cristiana Indolfi, Giulio Dinardo, Carolina Grella, Angela Klain, Alessandra Perrotta, Gianluca Mondillo, Maria Maddalena Marrapodi, Fabio Decimo, and Michele Miraglia del Giudice
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asthma ,hemoglobinopathies ,sickle cell disease ,thalassemia ,children ,cytokines ,Medicine - Abstract
Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation of the airways and bronchoconstriction, has demonstrated a potential association with hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD). Numerous studies have highlighted a higher prevalence of asthma among thalassemia patients compared to the general population, with rates ranging around 30%. Similarly, asthma frequently coexists with SCD, affecting approximately 20–48% of patients. Children with SCD often experience heightened lower airway obstruction and airway hyper-reactivity. Notably, the presence of asthma in SCD exacerbates respiratory symptoms and increases the risk of severe complications like acute chest syndrome, stroke, vaso-occlusive episodes, and early mortality. Several studies have noted a decrease in various cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-10, along with higher levels of both IL-6 and IL-8, suggesting an overactivation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms in patients with hemoglobinopathies, which could trigger inflammatory conditions such as asthma. The exact mechanisms driving this association are better elucidated but may involve factors such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation associated with thalassemia-related complications like chronic hemolytic anemia and iron overload. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the relationship between asthma and hemoglobinopathies, with a focus on thalassemia and SCD. It emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among pulmonologists, hematologists, and other healthcare professionals to effectively manage this complex interplay. Understanding this link is crucial for improving care and outcomes in affected individuals.
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- 2024
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35. The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
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Angela Klain, Antonio Andrea Senatore, Amelia Licari, Francesca Galletta, Irene Bettini, Leonardo Tomei, Sara Manti, Francesca Mori, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Cristiana Indolfi
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house dust mite ,allergy ,asthma ,children ,prevention ,environmental ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
This review provides a concise overview of preventive measures against dust mite allergies in pediatric populations, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive and evolving approach. Dust mites, ubiquitous microscopic arachnids, pose a significant threat to children’s health, triggering allergies and asthma. Traditional preventive strategies such as regular cleaning, mattress covers, and humidity control are essential but warrant refinement. Empowering children through personalized hygiene education and exploring innovative bedding solutions showcase a forward-thinking paradigm. Collaboration with healthcare professionals and embracing technology-driven solutions ensures a holistic and adaptable approach to safeguarding pediatric health against dust mite-related ailments. This abstract underscores the importance of continually reassessing and innovating preventive measures to create resilient and health-conscious living environments for children.
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- 2024
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36. Food Allergy Risk: A Comprehensive Review of Maternal Interventions for Food Allergy Prevention
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Sara Manti, Francesca Galletta, Chiara Lucia Bencivenga, Irene Bettini, Angela Klain, Elisabetta D’Addio, Francesca Mori, Amelia Licari, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Cristiana Indolfi
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children ,evidence ,food allergy ,prevention ,pregnancy ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Food allergy represents a global health problem impacting patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life and contributing to increased healthcare costs. Efforts to identify preventive measures starting from pregnancy have recently intensified. This review aims to provide an overview of the role of maternal factors in food allergy prevention. Several studies indicate that avoiding food allergens during pregnancy does not reduce the risk of developing food allergies. International guidelines unanimously discourage avoidance diets due to potential adverse effects on essential nutrient intake and overall health for both women and children. Research on probiotics and prebiotics during pregnancy as preventive measures is promising, though evidence remains limited. Consequently, guidelines lack specific recommendations for their use in preventing food allergies. Similarly, given the absence of conclusive evidence, it is not possible to formulate definitive conclusions on the supplementation of vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), and other antioxidant substances. A combination of maternal interventions, breastfeeding, and early introduction of foods to infants can reduce the risk of food allergies in the child. Further studies are needed to clarify the interaction between genetics, immunological pathways, and environmental factors
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- 2024
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37. Strengths and weaknesses of alternative noninvasive imaging approaches for microvascular ischemia
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Leo, Isabella, Nakou, Eleni, Artico, Jessica, Androulakis, Emmanouil, Wong, Joyce, Moon, James C., Indolfi, Ciro, and Bucciarelli-Ducci, Chiara
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- 2023
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38. Clinical application of CMR in cardiomyopathies: evolving concepts and techniques: A position paper of myocardial and pericardial diseases and cardiac magnetic resonance working groups of Italian society of cardiology
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Merlo, Marco, Gagno, Giulia, Baritussio, Anna, Bauce, Barbara, Biagini, Elena, Canepa, Marco, Cipriani, Alberto, Castelletti, Silvia, Dellegrottaglie, Santo, Guaricci, Andrea Igoren, Imazio, Massimo, Limongelli, Giuseppe, Musumeci, Maria Beatrice, Parisi, Vanda, Pica, Silvia, Pontone, Gianluca, Todiere, Giancarlo, Torlasco, Camilla, Basso, Cristina, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Filardi, Pasquale Perrone, Indolfi, Ciro, Autore, Camillo, and Barison, Andrea
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- 2023
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39. HEPATITIS-ASSOCIATED MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: REPORT OF 2 CASES
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Francesco Pegoraro, Irene Trambusti, Annalisa Tondo, Giuseppe Indolfi, and Marinella Veltroni
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Published
- 2023
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40. Biphasic inflammatory response induced by intra-plantar injection of L-cysteine: Role of CBS-derived H2S and S1P/NO signaling
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Valentina Vellecco, Erika Esposito, Chiara Indolfi, Anella Saviano, Elisabetta Panza, Mariarosaria Bucci, Vincenzo Brancaleone, Giuseppe Cirino, Roberta d'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca, Raffaella Sorrentino, and Emma Mitidieri
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Cystathionine-β-synthase ,Hydrogen sulfide ,Inflammation ,Nitric oxide ,Sphingosine-1 phosphate ,Mouse ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
This study investigates the inflammatory response to intra-plantar injection of L-cysteine in a murine model. L-cysteine induces a two-phase response: an early phase lasting 6 h and a late phase peaking at 24 h and declining by 192 h. The early phase shows increased neutrophil accumulation at 2 h up to 24 h, followed by a reduction at 48 h. On the other hand, the late phase exhibits increased macrophage infiltration peaking at 96 h. Inhibition of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), the first enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, significantly reduces L-cysteine-induced edema, suggesting its dependence on CBS-derived hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Sequential formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) preceding nitric oxide (NO) generation suggests the involvement of a CBS/S1P/NO axis in the inflammatory response. Inhibition of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis, S1P1 receptor, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) attenuates L-cysteine-induced paw edema. These findings indicate a critical role of the CBS/H2S/S1P/NO signaling pathway in the development and maintenance of L-cysteine-induced inflammation. The co-presence of H2S and NO is necessary for inducing and sustaining the inflammatory response, as NaHS or L-arginine alone do not replicate the marked and prolonged inflammatory effect observed with L-cysteine. This study enhances our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms of the interplay between NO and H2S pathways in inflammation and identifies potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory disorders.
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- 2023
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41. Efficacy and Safety of Oral Probiotics in Children with Allergic Rhinitis: A Review
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Angela Klain, Giulio Dinardo, Cristiana Indolfi, Marcella Contieri, Alessandra Salvatori, Sossio Vitale, Fabio Decimo, Giorgio Ciprandi, and Michele Miraglia del Giudice
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allergic rhinitis ,oral probiotics ,children ,allergy ,treatment ,prevention ,Medicine - Abstract
The prevalence of allergic rhinitis is rising, and it is impacting children’s growth and quality of life. To uncover unconventional treatment modalities, research was carried out to clarify the significance of novel components in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. One of these elements was gut microbiota, which plays a crucial role in the development and evolution of allergic disorders. Specifically, dysbiosis, defined as impaired microbiota composition, characterizes allergic disorders. In light of this concept, probiotics (beneficial bacteria) may restore gut dysbiosis, rebalance the immune response, and indirectly influence the clinical course of allergic diseases. In this article, we discussed the role of the gut–lung axis in children and reported on new findings. We also reviewed the most relevant studies about probiotics in patients with allergic rhinitis.
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- 2023
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42. Assessing vascular complexity of PAOD patients by deep learning-based segmentation and fractal dimension
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Bruno, Pierangela, Spadea, Maria Francesca, Scaramuzzino, Salvatore, De Rosa, Salvatore, Indolfi, Ciro, Gargiulo, Giuseppe, Giugliano, Giuseppe, Esposito, Giovanni, Calimeri, Francesco, and Zaffino, Paolo
- Published
- 2022
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43. Marinobufagenin, left ventricular geometry and cardiac dysfunction in end-stage kidney disease patients
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Bolignano, Davide, De Rosa, Salvatore, Greco, Marta, Presta, Pierangela, Patella, Gemma, Crugliano, Giuseppina, Sabatino, Jolanda, Strangio, Antonio, Romano, Letizia Rosa, Comi, Alessandro, Cianfrone, Paola, Andreucci, Michele, Dragone, Francesco, Indolfi, Ciro, Foti, Daniela Patrizia, and Coppolino, Giuseppe
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- 2022
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44. Botanical Impurities in the Supply Chain: A New Allergenic Risk Exacerbated by Geopolitical Challenges
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Giulio Dinardo, Lamia Dahdah, Arianna Cafarotti, Stefania Arasi, Vincenzo Fierro, Valentina Pecora, Carmen Mazzuca, Sara Urbani, Maria Cristina Artesani, Carla Riccardi, Rocco Luigi Valluzzi, Cristiana Indolfi, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, and Alessandro Fiocchi
- Subjects
food allergy ,cross-contamination ,botanical impurities ,vegetable contaminants ,food labelling ,pediatric ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Background: The supply chains of food raw materials have recently been heavily influenced by geopolitical events. Products that came from, or transited through, areas currently in conflict are now preferentially supplied from alternative areas. These changes may entail risks for food safety. Methods: We review the potential allergenicity of botanical impurities, specifically vegetable contaminants, with particular attention to the contamination of vegetable oils. We delve into the diverse types of botanical impurities, their sources, and the associated allergenic potential. Our analysis encompasses an evaluation of the regulatory framework governing botanical impurities in food labeling. Results: Unintended plant-derived contaminants may manifest in raw materials during various stages of food production, processing, or storage, posing a risk of allergic reactions for individuals with established food allergies. Issues may arise from natural occurrence, cross-contamination in the supply chain, and contamination at during production. The food and food service industries are responsible for providing and preparing foods that are safe for people with food allergies: we address the challenges inherent in risk assessment of botanical impurities. Conclusions: The presence of botanical impurities emerges as a significant risk factor for food allergies in the 2020s. We advocate for regulatory authorities to fortify labeling requirements and develop robust risk assessment tools. These measures are necessary to enhance consumer awareness regarding the potential risks posed by these contaminants.
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- 2024
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45. An Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Electrocardiograms for the Clinical Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review
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Assunta Di Costanzo, Carmen Anna Maria Spaccarotella, Giovanni Esposito, and Ciro Indolfi
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artificial intelligence ,deep learning ,convolutional neural networks ,electrocardiogram ,cardiovascular diseases ,Medicine - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) applied to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is enjoying great success in the field of scientific research. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are the cornerstone form of examination in cardiology and are the most widely used diagnostic tool because they are widely available, inexpensive, and fast. Applications of AI to ECGs, especially deep learning (DL) methods using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have been developed in many fields of cardiology in recent years. Deep learning methods provide valuable support for rapid ECG interpretation, demonstrating a diagnostic capability overlapping with specialists in the diagnosis of CVD by a classical analysis of macroscopic changes in the ECG trace. Through photoplethysmography, wearable devices can obtain single-derivative ECGs for the recognition of AI-diagnosed arrhythmias. In addition, CNNs have been developed that recognize no macroscopic electrocardiographic changes and can predict, from a 12-lead ECG, atrial fibrillation, even from sinus rhythm; left and right ventricular function; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; acute coronary syndromes; or aortic stenosis. The fields of application are many, but numerous are the limitations, mainly associated with the reliability of the acquired data, an inability to verify black box processes, and medico-legal and ethical problems. The challenge of modern medicine is to recognize the limitations of AI and overcome them.
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- 2024
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46. COVID-19 Pediatric Follow-Up: Respiratory Long COVID-Associated Comorbidities and Lung Ultrasound Alterations in a Cohort of Italian Children
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Cristiana Indolfi, Angela Klain, Giulio Dinardo, Elisabetta D’Addio, Serena Ferrara, Fabio Decimo, Giorgio Ciprandi, Maria Angela Tosca, and Michele Miraglia del Giudice
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children ,COVID-19 ,follow-up ,long COVID ,comorbidities ,allergy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
In children, the factors that influence COVID-19 disease and its medium- and long-term effects are little known. Our investigation sought to evaluate the presence of comorbidity factors associated with respiratory long COVID manifestations in children and to study ultrasound abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Children, who arrived at the ‘Respiratory Diseases of Pediatric Interest Unit’ at the Department of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery of the University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, were selected during the timeframe from September 2021 to October 2022. The children were diagnosed with a SARS-CoV-2 infection that occurred at least one month before the visit. All patients followed a COVID-19 follow-up protocol, developed by the Italian Society of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases (SIMRI), which included: collection of data regarding SARS-CoV-2 illness and history of known respiratory and allergic diseases; physical examination; BMI assessment; baseline spirometry and after bronchodilation test; six-minute walking test; and lung ultrasound (LUS). In a cohort of 104 participants with respiratory long COVID symptoms (64.7% male, average age 8.92 years), 46.1% had fever with other symptoms, and 1% required hospitalization. BMI analysis showed 58.4% of the cohort was overweight. The LUS was positive in 27.0% of cases. A significant BMI association was observed with COVID-19 symptoms and LUS score (p-value < 0.05). No associations were found with asthma or atopy.
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- 2024
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47. Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation and Approach to Therapy in Subjects Less than 60 Years Old
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Antonio Curcio, Rosa Scalise, and Ciro Indolfi
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atrial fibrillation ,cardiac arrhythmias ,cardiovascular risk ,ion channels ,intracellular pathways ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an arrhythmia that affects the left atrium, cardiac function, and the patients’ survival rate. Due to empowered diagnostics, it has become increasingly recognized among young individuals as well, in whom it is influenced by a complex interplay of autoimmune, inflammatory, and electrophysiological mechanisms. Deepening our understanding of these mechanisms could contribute to improving AF management and treatment. Inflammation is a complexly regulated process, with interactions among various immune cell types, signaling molecules, and complement components. Addressing circulating antibodies and designing specific autoantibodies are promising therapeutic options. In cardiomyopathies or channelopathies, the first manifestation could be paroxysmal AF; persistent forms tend not to respond to antiarrhythmic drugs in these conditions. Further research, both in vitro and in vivo, on the use of genomic biotechnology could lead to new therapeutic approaches. Additional triggers that can be encountered in AF patients below 60 years of age are systemic hypertension, overweight, diabetes, and alcohol abuse. The aims of this review are to briefly report evidence from basic science and results of clinical studies that might explain the juvenile burden of the most encountered sustained supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in the general population.
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- 2024
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48. Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin Therapy for Children Aged 3 to <12 Years With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2 or 3 Infection
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Rosenthal, Philip, Schwarz, Kathleen B, Gonzalez‐Peralta, Regino P, Lin, Chuan‐Hao, Kelly, Deidre A, Nightingale, Scott, Balistreri, William F, Bansal, Sanjay, Jonas, Maureen M, Massetto, Benedetta, Brainard, Diana M, Hsueh, Chia‐Hsiang, Shao, Jiang, Parhy, Bandita, Davison, Suzanne, Feiterna‐Sperling, Cornelia, Gillis, Lynette A, Indolfi, Giuseppe, Sokal, Etienne M, Murray, Karen F, and Wirth, Stefan
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Hepatitis - C ,Hepatitis ,Liver Disease ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Infectious Diseases ,Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis ,Clinical Research ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Pediatric ,Digestive Diseases ,Management of diseases and conditions ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,7.1 Individual care needs ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Antiviral Agents ,Child ,Child ,Preschool ,Drug Combinations ,Female ,Genotype ,Hepacivirus ,Hepatitis C ,Chronic ,Humans ,Male ,Ribavirin ,Sofosbuvir ,Sustained Virologic Response ,Treatment Outcome ,Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics ,Immunology ,Gastroenterology & Hepatology ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
Currently, the only approved hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment for children aged
- Published
- 2020
49. Diencephalic syndrome in childhood, a challenging cause of failure to thrive: miniseries and literature review
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Sandra Trapani, Barbara Bortone, Martina Bianconi, Chiara Rubino, Iacopo Sardi, Paolo Lionetti, and Giuseppe Indolfi
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Diencephalic syndrome ,Failure to thrive ,Nystagmus ,Children ,Brain tumors ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract The aim of our study was to better define the clinical pattern of diencephalic syndrome, a rare but potentially lethal cause of failure to thrive in infancy. Poor weight gain or weight loss, the characteristic presenting feature, often firstly attributed to gastrointestinal or endocrinological or genetic diseases, is secondary to a malfunctioning hypothalamus, caused by a diencephalic tumor. Due to its unexpected clinical onset, diagnostic delay and misdiagnosis are common. We described a case series of 3 children with diencephalic syndrome admitted at our Hospital, over a 5-year period. Furthermore, a narrative review on all pediatric cases published in the last seventy years was performed. Clinical pattern, timing to diagnosis, neuroimaging, management, and outcome were analyzed. Our three cases are singularly described in all clinical and diagnostic findings. Overall, 100 children were selected; all these cases as well as our children presented with failure to thrive: 96% had body mass index or weight-length/height ratio lower than 5th percentile. Vomiting and hyperactivity are reported in 35 and 26% of cases, respectively. The neurological features, mainly nystagmus reported in 43%, may occur late in the disease course. In conclusion, the diagnostic delay is the hallmark of diencephalic syndrome, confirming the lack of knowledge by clinicians. The poor weight gain/loss despite adequate length growth and food intake, especially in children with hyperactivity and good psychomotor development, should alert pediatricians towards this condition, before neurological signs/symptoms occurrence.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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50. Development of Disposables and Accessories for ROSES and Their In Vitro Experimentation
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Guido Danieli, Pasquale F. Greco, Gabriele Larocca, Salvatore De Rosa, Ciro Indolfi, Alberto Polimeni, Massimo Massetti, Giovanni Tinelli, Yamume Tshomba, and Luigi Venturini
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least invasive surgery ,endovascular surgery ,PTC (Percutaneous Trans Catheter) angioplasty ,aneurysms repair ,transcatheter aortic valve implant ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
This paper describes the development of the disposables and accessories for ROSES (Robotic System for Endovascular Surgery). Initially developed exclusively for transcatheter percutaneous coronary angioplasty, it was later modified, initially leaving the components for angioplasty substantially unchanged to extend its use to endovascular transcatheter surgery. These disposables are used to translate gear rotations into catheter or guide wire advancement or retraction and rotation of their body through friction wheels. The use of a new cart was necessary for endovascular surgery, to which a system to measure forces opposed by the patient’s body to catheter advancement was added. Moreover, since some endovascular catheters present with large diameters, minor mechanical modifications were also performed on the robot actuator (RA), previously defined as a slave, in order to allow large catheters to be pushed, such as those needed for the repair of some big aneurysms or for TAVI. However, in doing this, the possibility of separating the disposables into two components, upper and lower, was found, which allows the extraction of the disposable without having to remove the catheter or guide wire already positioned. Finally, the disposables, whose development is illustrated here, were subjected to various versions and tests and the results are reported.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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