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• Scaly tree ferns are multipurpose species with potential as food, medicine, and ornamentals. • They possess significant economic potential and offer greater utility than other fern groups. • Ethnobotanical knowledge associated with them paves the way for sustainable use. Scaly tree ferns stand out among other pteridophytes not only due to their ancient lineage, which retains specific primitive characteristics in their appearance and growth habits, but also because of their remarkable diversity, local endemism, and distinctive ethnobotanical uses. Pteridophytes generally have received less attention than seed plants due to their limited economic potential and utility. Our experiences and knowledge show that scaly tree ferns possess substantial economic potential and offer higher utility than other fern groups. Analyzing ethnobotanical knowledge is a well-established technique and tool to understand any plant group's significance and economic potential. Therefore, we aimed to compile ethnobotanical knowledge related to scaly tree ferns from various ethnic groups worldwide, utilizing published information and consulting with key informants. In the present survey, 61 species of scaly tree ferns were identified that belong to four genera (Alsophila, Cyathea, Gymnosphaera , and Sphaeropteris), which are utilized across 41 countries worldwide. The ethnobotanical uses of these 61 tree fern species are classified into four user categories: medicinal, food and animal feed, ornamental, and other uses. This study underscores the potential for integrating traditional ethnobotanical knowledge about scaly tree ferns with modern scientific understanding. It also emphasizes the critical importance of preserving and compiling this knowledge that has been passed down through generations within traditional communities. This preservation ensures that such valuable knowledge is not lost to future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this "Decade of Healthy Ageing," the integration of resilience into the healthy aging discourse becomes paramount, particularly in the context of indigenous communities grappling with the enduring effects of historical oppression, persistent poverty, and health disparities in their aging journey. Employing a phenomenological lens, this study seeks to derive the resilient characteristics exhibited by the Attappadi indigenous older adults of Kerala, aiming to explore the role of resilience in their pursuit of healthy aging. In-depth phenomenological interviews (n = 34), observation, and document analysis have revealed four key themes: A life course marked by adversities, Embracing the unyielding strength within, Personal resilience catalysts, and Extrinsic resilience catalysts. The participants exhibited a reasonably well-functioning collective, given their persistent adversities in their life course. Narratives illuminated a notable connection between the presence of resilience characteristics and the overall functioning of older adults. From a social work standpoint on resilience, this article underscores the vital interplay between individual agency and environmental factors in addressing adversity. The article advocates culturally sensitive, asset-based strategies to strengthen indigenous older adults' intrinsic and extrinsic resilience to ensure that they are not left behind in the global pursuit of healthy aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are 75 identified Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India of which the highest numbers i.e., 13 PVTGs reside in Odisha. Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are indigenous communities distinguished by their unique cultural practices, traditional lifestyles, and geographical isolation. Their health status is often precarious due to strong traditional health practices, limited access to healthcare, inadequate nutrition, and exposure to community-acquired diseases. This review aims to explore the health status of all 13 PVTGs in Odisha, analyzing 67 studies from various sources/databases between 2000 and 2023. These studies include peer-reviewed published papers, grey literature, and brief reports. The findings showed that nutritional status among PVTGs varies widely while low BMI and undernutrition exist at different rates in different tribes. Deficiency diseases like goitre and anemia, infectious ailments such as tuberculosis and leprosy, and non-communicable diseases like hypertension and diabetes were reported with significant prevalence. Additionally, hemoglobinopathies, oral health issues, eye problems, undernutrition, poor mental health, and various other health challenges affect these tribes. Furthermore, behavioral issues like high tobacco consumption, alcoholism and menstrual health and hygiene disparities are other major challenges. Health disparities in diverse PVTGs arise from socioeconomic factors, cultural norms, and healthcare access. PVTGs face unique hurdles like major geographic isolation and traditional cultural influences which significantly shape their health choices. Addressing their poor health status demands cultural understanding, community engagement, and interventions targeting root inequalities for inclusive healthcare and improved well-being. Significance: • There are 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India and Odisha has the highest, 13 number of PVTGs. • PVTGs, the extremely vulnerable section within the tribal groups facing significant challenges, are characterized by pre-agricultural lifestyles, reliance on hunting and gathering, minimal/stagnant population growth, geographical isolation, and lower literacy rates. • The study reports the various health issues faced by PVTGs including undernutrition, infectious and vector-borne diseases, hepatitis, hemoglobinopathies, low immunization rates, poor maternal and menstrual health, poor oral and eye health, and increasing mental health issues. • Present findings highlight limited research on PVTGs' health with the increasing health burden catalyzed by systemic and structural factors. • It discusses the various influencing factors by recommendations from multiple reports on effective strategies, interventions, and future actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A ‘good death’, one that is natural and involves lesser suffering and distress, is elusive in the present time. Indiscriminate uses of life-sustaining medical technologies in present times only lead older people and their families to frantically search for ‘good death’. On the other hand, there is little information on ageing and dying in folk and indigenous societies. In response to the huge information deficit, this article attempts to explore perceptions about death in old-age among Lodhas, a Mundari-speaking tribal community of eastern India. Interacting with only living 15 elderly members in a hamlet let us know their beliefs like, 1. Death being inevitable, they do not seek medical interventions to postpone it; 2. Close connection with nature till death brings peace; 3. No compromise with personal autonomy; and 4. Filial piety in moments of dying. The study theorises their indigenous beliefs are keys to ageing and dying well in the Lodha community. Hopefully, the insights from the ethnic group will be a lesson for modern societies to overcome death anxiety in old-age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has increasingly impacted developing and underdeveloped nations, with Bangladesh's coastal areas experiencing significant effects such as storm surges, salinity, cyclones, and droughts. These regions, heavily reliant on agriculture, face economic challenges exacerbated by climatic events, making adaptation to climate change a critical concern for coastal inhabitants. This study aims to understand the obstacles and adaptive mechanisms employed by the Munda indigenous people in southeastern coastal Bangladesh to protect their livelihoods. Employing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including focus group discussions (FGDs) and thematic analyses, we assessed the community's challenges and adaptation strategies. FGDs revealed that public life is frequently disrupted, salinity poses a major threat to agriculture and drinking water, and the cropping pattern, fish production, livestock, infrastructure, industry, biodiversity, health, and human settlement are adversely affected. Notably, there is a significant lack of adequate healthcare. Quantitative analysis using the χ2 test showed that 33.2% of participants believe climate change affects their happiness, 85.1% stored 72 h of water and food, and 59.3% had hygiene and sanitation supplies. This research underscores the necessity of adaptive measures such as rainwater harvesting, organic fertilizer usage, community disaster preparedness education, effective communication systems, and social security implementation to mitigate climate change's adverse effects. The findings offer valuable insights for the government, nongovermental organizations (NGOs), policymakers, civil society, and stakeholders in developing suitable climate adaptation strategies to ensure sustainable livelihoods in coastal Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract There are 75 identified Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India of which the highest numbers i.e., 13 PVTGs reside in Odisha. Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are indigenous communities distinguished by their unique cultural practices, traditional lifestyles, and geographical isolation. Their health status is often precarious due to strong traditional health practices, limited access to healthcare, inadequate nutrition, and exposure to community-acquired diseases. This review aims to explore the health status of all 13 PVTGs in Odisha, analyzing 67 studies from various sources/databases between 2000 and 2023. These studies include peer-reviewed published papers, grey literature, and brief reports. The findings showed that nutritional status among PVTGs varies widely while low BMI and undernutrition exist at different rates in different tribes. Deficiency diseases like goitre and anemia, infectious ailments such as tuberculosis and leprosy, and non-communicable diseases like hypertension and diabetes were reported with significant prevalence. Additionally, hemoglobinopathies, oral health issues, eye problems, undernutrition, poor mental health, and various other health challenges affect these tribes. Furthermore, behavioral issues like high tobacco consumption, alcoholism and menstrual health and hygiene disparities are other major challenges. Health disparities in diverse PVTGs arise from socioeconomic factors, cultural norms, and healthcare access. PVTGs face unique hurdles like major geographic isolation and traditional cultural influences which significantly shape their health choices. Addressing their poor health status demands cultural understanding, community engagement, and interventions targeting root inequalities for inclusive healthcare and improved well-being.

Since the 1970s, remote sensing has been used to monitor the environment, address national security concerns, and manage Earth resources within a market framework. However, environmental organizations can also utilize remote sensing data infrastructure to support oppositional narratives, legal processes, and direct action. We present a framework for the socio-technical practice of remote sensing in alliance with those communities and organizations that are struggling for environmental justice on the global commodity frontiers. Positioned at the intersection of critical geography and political ecology, we examine the ways that critical remote sensing has been adopted in five major types of environmental conflict: struggles opposing fossil fuel exploitation, timber extraction, intensive food production, water management practices, and the effects of mining. We present a baseline inventory of remote sensing resources that are useful to the five conflict types and are freely accessible online. A global perspective on the planetary environmental crisis is essential, and we suggest that remote sensing practitioners can, through workshops or online tutorials, help environmental justice organizations towards independent use of remote sensing data. The local communities should then determine whether remote sensing products can contribute to their struggles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to strengthening the existence of indigenous communities in the management of tourism on the Bunaken Island. This type of normative legal research describes and analyzes the dynamics of strengthening through legal protection of customary law communities in the management of tourism areas. The results showed that by regulation, the Manado local government has given space to indigenous peoples in the tourism territory of Bunaken Island which is handled by the Bunaken National Park Center. However, field findings show that the rights of Bunaken indigenous people are still marginalized by the dominance of the Bunaken National Park Hall institution, and is often not included in the planning and management of tourism development on Bunaken Island. Up till now, there is still a status quo on the status of their customary land, and also on other land rights due to the determination of protected forest status in the Bunaken island area. Thus, it is necessary for the state to intervene in strengthening the existence of Indigenous Peoples, considering that Indonesia is an archipelagic country where most of its territory is inhabited by Indigenous Peoples for generations, especially in national tourism destinations, such as Bunaken Island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This contribution will examine the relationship between linguistic practices and the development of the indigenous Misak community in Colombia. Based on qualitative data from two field surveys conducted in the Guambfa resguardo, Cauca department, in 2021 and 2022, our approach includes semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and workshops in the indigenous language (TERPLO) with students at various levels. Our theoretical framework will be grounded in the principles of Giovanni Agresti's Social Development Linguistics, which emphasizes on-the-ground intervention in collaboration with language speakers to improve the quality of life for marginalized populations. By analyzing the Misak case, we will identify the crucial role of minority languages in the intergenerational transmission of ancestral knowledge and community practices, thereby promoting sustainable development and territorial reappropriation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As of the Decree of Necessity and Urgency 260/2020, a series of emergency measures due to the pandemic will be implemented throughout the territory of the Argentine Republic. We present two experiences of interaction generated, during 2020 and 2021, by the Comunidad Indígena Amaicha del Valle (CIAV) and the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. As a result of these experiences, two audiovisuals were produced, at the request of the indigenous leadership, of ceremonies that contributed to give continuity to a ritual with deep Andean roots (the ceremony to Pachamama) and to activate local memory processes (especially with an original ritual with the skeletal remains of ancestors), in an adverse context due to COVID-19.

Taeniasis and cysticercosis are parasitic infections that affect humans and pigs. Their global distribution constitutes a serious public health issue with significant implications for pork production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of porcine cysticercosis in backyard swine from 42 indigenous communities throughout Tuchín-Córdoba, Colombia. Between December 2020 and March 2021, free-range pigs (n = 442) were assessed using the ELISA cysticercosis Ag test; 85 pigs were examined through sublingual visual evaluation, and 4 slaughtered pig carcasses were subjected to standard operation inspection. The collected cysticercus underwent histological and PCR analysis. Furthermore, 192 surveys of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) were used to identify the factors that facilitate infection transmission. Serological investigation revealed that 9.7% (46/472) of the animals were positive for cysticerci Ag. Sublingual inspection identified cysticercus in 28.7% (25/87) of the animals, while PCR analysis indicated that cysticercus corresponded to the T. solium American/African genotype. The factors associated with T. solium infection in the pigs in the surveyed areas numbered 14. The majority are associated with factors that promote the active persistence of Taenia solium's life cycle in an area, such as lack of environmental sanitation, a lack of coverage or care for drinking water and wastewater treatment services, and no solid waste disposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sacred groves are remnants of primary forests with rich biological diversity, protected by indigenous communities. Their role in carbon sequestration and provision of other ecosystem services is being recognized. We investigated four sacred groves (Idanre Hills, Igbo-Olodumare, Ogun-Onire, and Osun-Osogbo) in southwestern Nigeria for biodiversity conservation, biomass production, and carbon storage. A total of 32 temporary sample plots of 800 m2 each were laid across all the sacred groves. Within each plot, all trees with dbh greater or equal to 10 cm were identified, and their diameters and heights measured. Saplings and seedlings were assessed within 100 m2 and 25 m2 sub-plots, respectively. Non-destructive methods were employed in estimating volume, biomass production, and carbon storage. Shannon–Wiener diversity index, Margalef index, and tree species richness in the four groves ranged from 2.63–3.55, 5.64–10.02, and 41–85, respectively, and differed significantly. The four groves were sanctuaries for many indigenous tree species of immense social, religious, ecological, and socio-economic importance. The high densities of seedling and sapling, together with the inverted-J tree diameter distributions, are indications of active regeneration and healthy ecosystem. Mean volume was high (range 244.99 to 343.08 m3 ha−1). The biomass (range 87.8 to 231.85 t ha−1) and carbon stock (range 43.9 to 115.9 t ha−1) of the groves revealed their potentials for climate change mitigation through atmospheric CO2 sequestration. Thus, besides being an effective biodiversity conservation method, sacred groves are important carbon sink. This calls for further conservation of sacred groves to serve as long-term carbon storage mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context and background: The existence, survival and continuity of a number of income-generating activities (farming, mining, etc.) depend on land, making it an important lever for a country's development. However, if land is not properly managed and governed, this can leave the door wide open to various forms of embezzlement, including corruption. Corruption is well known to have a deleterious effect on its victims, and when it affects land tenure and access to land, it can affect more than just a country's economy. It can at the first time undermines a country's ability to trade properly with its neighbors, and hindering the continent's ability to fully harness the benefits of free trade agreements as well. Goal and objectives: In the context of Africa's commitment to promoting industrial development through the development of agriculture and food security, it is vital to talk about issues that could hinder these developments, and more specifically the reaching of the Acceleration of the African Continental Free Trade Area implementation. In this instance, the aim is to talk about land corruption. Readers will be led to reflect into the critical role of addressing and eradicating land corruption as a fundamental prerequisite for the successful implementation of free trade initiatives in Africa, but also to facilitate sustainable economic growth and harmonious regional integration. Methodology: This paper offers a broad panorama of negative impacts of land corruption in Africa, and will be based on the experience and lessons of anti-corruption strategies deployed on the land sector in Madagascar. Through an in-depth analysis of the existing challenges, far-reaching consequences, and potential solutions, this work elucidates the paramount importance of curbing land corruption to foster sustainable economic growth, regional integration across the continent and African Continental Free Trade Area’s swift and sustainable implementation. Results: How does corruption affect the land tenure system? What impact does it have? Why and how is it incompatible with the objectives of the African continental free trade area? What can be done to tackle it, based on experience from Madagascar and extended to the African context? This paper gives inputs to those burning questions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional economic activity is one of the important elements in the Orang Asli community's way of life to secure food for a living and at the same time sustaining their customs and belief systems. However, as the global economy is revolving and becoming money-based economy, the Orang Asli community is facing a great threat. Hence, this study aims to observe the Orang Asli especially the Semelai and Semai communities' traditional economic activity and challenges in sustaining their traditional activities. Therefore, the data collection method used is survey and in-depth interview. This study finds that both Semelai and Semai community practices the same economic activity which is cash-crop economic activity and self-sufficiency. Both subgroups do have few similarities and also differences in values and belief system especially involving the traditional agriculture activity. In fact, they are at risk of food insecurity. Hence, this paper highlights the importance of preserving the traditional economic activity so the community able to gain equal access to food supplies and reclaim their rights as Orang Asli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to understand the meaning that the lenca people of the San Isidro del Volcán community give to the recognition of otherness-alterity based on their cultural identity, to obtain an alternative civilizational look, through the historical construction of their life experiences and the symbolic construction they have carried out. A qualitative approach and a narrative-autobiographical design were used. The sample consisted of 15 community members, including leaders, old women, young people, and adults. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus groups. The results reveal that, in the lenca community, the recognition of otherness-otherness is based on their cultural identity. Five dimensions of otherness related to the ability to recognize the past and symbolic elements of the community are identified. In addition, four dimensions of alterity are closely linked to aspects of cultural identity, such as ancestral memory, the ability to recognize the past, and symbolic elements or referents that belong to it. In conclusion, the study highlights the relevance of appreciating and honoring cultural and ethnic diversity to foster a more inclusive and understanding society. However, it also highlights the obstacles that still exist in the process of establishing an equitable and harmonious coexistence between the different cultural groups within the investigated community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mixtecs and Zapotecs, originating from the Oaxaca area in Mexico, are among the largest indigenous groups of workers in California. Many adults in this community only access the health care system when sick and as a last resort. This article describes the development of a radionovela to inform the community about the importance of preventive health care. It was developed following the Sabido Method. The methodology to develop a radionovela may be of interest to other public health practitioners who want to develop educational materials in an engaging format, especially for communities that rely on oral, not written information.

The research on the existence of Indigenous Community (IC) is interesting to discuss heretofore. Previous studies have discussed the relationship between IC and Constitutional Court (CC) authority in judicial review of the Law (JR). Still, no research has comprehensively mapped the dynamics of granting the Litigants' legal standing to IC in JR since the establishment of CC. This research aims to obtain a portrait of the dynamics and basis of CC for granting legal standing to IC as a Litigant in JR and providing a basic proposal for determining IC’s legal standing as a Litigant in JR. This normative legal research analyzes secondary data by comprehensively mapping decisions on JR with IC as Petitioner since CC was established in 2003 to 2019. The study's results indicate several patterns of legal considerations and the basis of legal considerations for the CC in granting legal standing to IC as Litigants in JR.

The sanitary measure of social isolation – preventive and obligatory, decreed by the Argentine State due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19, brought about changes in the ways of operating of state agents and those who work in Indigenous and migrant organizations. This article analyzes the changes in the circumstances imposed by the new context, the displacements and pauses that occurred in the Provincial Council of Indigenous Affairs of the Province of Buenos Aires, and the work of an intermediary engaged in social activism with civil associations of migrants in Greater La Plata. In order to document these changes, the text is based on an ethnography, based on observations and interviews, and on the analysis of documents found in state offices and digital platforms. As a result of fieldwork, interdependencies and tensions between redistributive and recognition public policies aimed at migrant and Indigenous organizations have been identified. We observed that strategies and policies aimed at recognition were attenuated by the need to respond to the pressing health situation and the impossibility of accessing public space during the pandemic.

Canada’s history with the indigenous community is a long and complex. History which spills over to current events in society and impacts the Indigenously community greatly till this day. This country has a concerning Indigenous Education Gap—a disparity in educational achievement between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. The Indigenous Education Gap is widening and rising quickly across Canada. Bridging the education gap is thus a critical component of any plan for enhancing the prosperity, health, and well-being of Canada's indigenous population, as well as eliminating marginalization. Education is one of the many concerns that Indigenous people in Canada must tackle. The acts of previous Canadian administrations, both implicit and explicit, have resulted in a considerable educational disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous pupils. The western system of education is inherently exclusive, and its fundamental educational process is based on privilege. Resolving the enormous and ongoing inequalities in student educational learning results must be based on Indigenous notions of education, rather than a standard western/colonial approach

The advent of the COVID-19 vaccine signified a historic milestone in the field of vaccinology, showcasing remarkable scientific collaboration and global solidarity. However, the most prominent hurdle in maximizing the global public health impact of vaccines remains the absence of comprehensive and inclusive health systems in both high- and low-resource settings. Our discussion centers around the major contributing factors that played a key role in formulating the rapid and efficacious COVID-19 vaccines. Simultaneously, we illuminate the disparities that have marred the vaccine delivery process throughout the pandemic. In particular, we highlight the case scenarios of two minority and vulnerable communities from the Global South and North—the undocumented migrants in Thailand and the Roma community in Europe—who continue to experience inequitable vaccine access regardless of their location. We note that a crucial programmatic solution that is rooted in inclusive and equitable global public health policy, characterized by empathy and trust and bolstered by digital innovation, is lacking. These examples underscore the significance of establishing a comprehensive and integrated health system at multiple levels across countries and the entire world. Furthermore, we highlight the need for both local and global actors to collaboratively engage in vaccine distribution efforts. By gaining a concise grasp of these intricacies, the global community will be better poised to effectively combat future pandemics and emerging health challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on sustainable education for Batek children, an ethnic subgroup of Indigenous Orang Asli peoples in Malaysia. A number of important figures, including school leaders, teachers, parents and peers, are needed to support initiatives to improve the quality of education among Indigenous communities. However, studies have indicated that a range of issues among Orang Asli children – such as low educational attainment, school dropout and high absenteeism – are hindering success. To help address these problems, a more conducive relationship between these children and their schools needs to be developed. The qualitative study presented in this article explored the role of "chaperones" (teachers' aides) in a Let's Go to School programme in a village school in Pahang, Malaysia, as a potential solution to support Batek children's education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four respondents: two village elders (who acted as chaperones for schoolchildren), one school principal and one teacher. Five themes were identified as connected to the role of chaperones and the success of the programme: trust, commitment, conducive environment, appropriate policy and regulation, and community support. The chaperones were found to act as informal teachers, effectively supporting Batek children, and the community, in both the academic and outside world. Findings indicate the need for a proper modelling of Indigenous sustainable education which recognises the role of chaperones in Batek children's education. This approach could also be extended to other Orang Asli communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed the rhetorical moves present in the application letters of Indigenous People (IP) and Cebuano job applicants applying to a state university in a province in Mindanao, Philippines. Using Upton and Connor's (2001) Coding Scheme, this study revealed that there are 7 common moves employed in the IP writers' application letters which amounts to a general rhetorical order, while 5 common moves were employed in the Cebuano writers' which also amounts to a general rhetorical order. This study also observed the interplay of cultural traits as they surface in the writing styles of the IP and Cebuano writers. IPs in Bukidnon are exposed to different cultures but they still practice and integrate their own culture, to which accounts that though exposed to an English writing convention, they would still cling to their own way of writing. They exhibit a proclivity for employing indirect communication strategies, demonstrating a preference for the expression of their thoughts in a manner that is both highly personal and characterized by a cyclical nature. Cebuanos, on the other hand, possess a sense of 'Garbo' which displays their strong pursuit to dignify their social identities by striving hard for status through education or hard work which also regulates their public behavior to conform with the standard set of behavior, to which assumes that Cebuano writers tend to display their strong pursuit to be better, say, in writing classes, to dignify their status in the academe by way of following a standard set of conventions in which they are expected to follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how traditional ecological knowledge in Cerekang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is culturally transmitted as a strategy for cultural survival amidst internal and external challenges such as social, ecological, and political changes. Traditional ecological knowledge of the Cerekang people lies from mythological construction of the La Galigo epic, which contain beliefs, collection of instructions, and rules on conservation and preservation of sacred forest and non-sacred forest. This knowledge are culturally transmitted through oral stories, rituals, daily life, and customary organization. Generally, the transmission takes place vertically, horizontally, and obliquely. The traditional, linear-vertical mode of transmission, which tends to be closed, is the most dominant pattern of cultural transmission among the Cerekang people. This study also finds out another pattern of transmission beyond the framework given, which we call as conformist transformation. However, this cultural transmission is not without bias as the transmitted messages are generic and incomplete. Therefore, a contextual education in both formal and informal settings as another mode of cultural transmission is suggested to respond to current social, political, and environmental changes in Cerekang. In order to sustain the Cerekang's TEK, the local government policy-maker should further facilitate indigenous activities by supporting capacity building in non-formal setting and signing a decree to include TEK in formal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fracking must be regulated from a tribal perspective and ultimately phased out by renewable energy sources in order to prevent environmental contamination and threats to health and safety.  Like many other components of extractive industry, fracking disproportionately harms indigenous communities due to the socioeconomic status of indigenous communities, their unique relationship to the land (and specifically to water), and other harmful effects of colonization and racialization.  This Comment explores the proposed and ongoing fracking near Chaco Canyon and discusses the environmental justice issues this raises for indigenous communities in New Mexico.  This discussion is timely, as the Bureau of Land Management and the Bureau of Indian Affairs recently released the long-awaited Farmington Mancos-Gallup Draft Resource Management Plan Amendment and Environmental Impact Statement, which amends the original Environmental Impact Statement for the Chaco Canyon area.  This Comment highlights the unregulated nature of fracking (specifically the uncertainty of spills, cleanup and remediation), its exemption from several environmental statutes, and the threats it poses to groundwater and general water quality.  The pervasiveness of these issues suggests that the most direct solution lies in cultural sovereignty and decolonial approaches to land management.

Chatdÿe Tsimane [Pariente Chimán], directed by Chimán community of Maraca’tunsi and Manuel Seoane, Bolivia, 2022

Taeniasis and cysticercosis are parasitic infections that affect humans and pigs. Their global distribution constitutes a serious public health issue with significant implications for pork production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of porcine cysticercosis in backyard swine from 42 indigenous communities throughout Tuchín-Córdoba, Colombia. Between December 2020 and March 2021, free-range pigs (n = 442) were assessed using the ELISA cysticercosis Ag test; 85 pigs were examined through sublingual visual evaluation, and 4 slaughtered pig carcasses were subjected to standard operation inspection. The collected cysticercus underwent histological and PCR analysis. Furthermore, 192 surveys of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) were used to identify the factors that facilitate infection transmission. Serological investigation revealed that 9.7% (46/472) of the animals were positive for cysticerci Ag. Sublingual inspection identified cysticercus in 28.7% (25/87) of the animals, while PCR analysis indicated that cysticercus corresponded to the T. solium American/African genotype. The factors associated with T. solium infection in the pigs in the surveyed areas numbered 14. The majority are associated with factors that promote the active persistence of Taenia solium’s life cycle in an area, such as lack of environmental sanitation, a lack of coverage or care for drinking water and wastewater treatment services, and no solid waste disposal.

The Baduy people are one of the indigenous communities living in Indonesia at present. The community upholds traditional ways of life based on a customary construction whose application is preserved to date. The study aims to analyse the gender system in the Baduy indigenous community through a qualitative approach, especially in the agricultural field. The research results indicate a division of responsibilities in relation to scope, roles, work, access, control of kinship relationships, marriage patterns, and inheritance patterns between women and men in the community from both productive and domestic perspectives. These differences, however, were not observed to lead to inequality since the system’s value derives from the Baduy community’s cultural construction that guarantees, maintains, and protects gender equality. Moreover, the present study shows us that traditionality is not a factor of gender inequality; traditional cultural constructions have their own mechanisms to create gender equality.