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Introduction. Liver transplant is the treatment indicated for those liver diseases in which other therapeutic measures have already been exhausted, and it is a complex procedure. Post-surgical complications are related to high morbidity and mortality and can lead to fatal outcomes. Vascular complications are the ones with the highest mortality, so early detection and timely treatment are crucial. The objective of this study was to characterize patients who presented vascular complications after liver transplantation. Methods. Descriptive, retrospective study, with follow-up of patients undergoing liver transplant at the Fundación Cardiovascular, between 2013 and 2023, who presented vascular complications. The type of complication, risk factors and postsurgical outcomes were evaluated. Results. A total of 82 transplant patients were included, with a predominance of males with 59.8% (n=49); the main indication for transplant was alcoholism (21.9%). Twenty patients presented vascular complications; the most frequent was hepatic artery thrombosis 45% (n=9). In three of these cases a new transplant was required. Conclusion. Vascular complications worsen the postoperative clinical course of patients and are associated with high morbidity and mortality, which is why multidisciplinary assessment, diagnosis and early intervention are crucial to reduce fatal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Burns is a public health challenge due to high morbidity and mortality and impairment of the victim’s quality of life. They disproportionately affect populations of lower socioeconomic status, resulting in high health costs. Method: Ecological, retrospective, observational study, with a quantitative approach and temporal trend analysis of morbidity and mortality due to burns in Santa Catarina, with data obtained from the Hospital and Mortality Information Systems made available by the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System. Temporal analysis by Spearman Correlation Test. Results: There was a growing trend in the general hospitalization rate (Spearman=0.806; p

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Abstract Objectives: to analyze the trend of morbidity and mortality indicators due to acute diarrheal diseases in children under five years old in Piauí. Methods: ecological study with data from the Information Technology Department at the Public Health System. The indicators of hospitalization rate and coefficient of mortality from the disease between 2000 and 2019 were calculated. A descriptive analysis of the indicators was carried out in the studied period and by the macro-regions in the State. For trend analysis, the simple linear regression model with log-transformation was used. Trends were classified as increasing, decreasing and stable, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the average on hospitalization rate was higher in the semi-arid macro-region (36.6/1000 children under five years old) and lower in Teresina (14.9/1000 children under five years old). The mean mortality coefficients were higher in the coastal macro-region (0.98/1000 live births) and lower in Teresina (0.47/1000 live births). The indicators showed a downward trend in all analyzed locations (p

Background: acute cholecystitis is an inflammatory disease, characterized by acute changes in the gallbladder wall that can range from edema and congestion to gangrene and perforation. It is a disease with a high incidence in surgical urgency. Objective: to clinically and surgically characterize acute cholecystitis in patients of the General Surgery Service. Methods: a descriptive and prospective study of patients treated for acute cholecystitis in the Surgery Service was carried out from January the 1st, 2017 to December the 31st, 2019. Data were obtained from medical records and operative reports, using a data collection model. The variables age, sex, associated diseases, clinical manifestations, diagnostic confirmation, type of treatment, modality of surgical treatment, evolution, complications, use of antibiotics, place of admission and hospital stay were analyzed. Results: female patients aged 60 years and over predominated; abdominal pain prevailed in most of the patients, accompanied by vomiting and tachycardia; the diagnosis was confirmed through the clinic; surgical treatment predominated, conventional open cholecystectomy was the technique of choice; most progress satisfactorily. Surgical wound sepsis was the most frequent complication. Conclusions: acute cholecystitis is more frequent in the elderly, early diagnosis and timely treatment can reduce the percentage of complications; surgical treatment is the treatment of choice, combined with antibiotic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations of children due to meningococcal disease in Bahia and its macro-regions, estimating morbidity and mortality due to the disease. METHODS: This is an ecological, time-series study carried out through the Hospital Information System (SIH/DATASUS), from 2011 to 2020. The variables of interest were gender, age group, ethnicity, character and care regime, and outcome, grouped by year and macro-region in Bahia. RESULTS: There were 431 hospitalizations of children between 0 and 14 years of age due to meningococcal infection, with a predominance of the age group of 0 to 4 years, male, mixed-race, attended on an emergency basis and in a public service regime. Of the hospitalized patients, 91.4% (n=394) were discharged and 8.6% (n=37) died. There was higher mortality and lethality among patients aged between 0 to 4 years. Among Bahia’s macro-regions, the East and Central-North had the highest and lowest number of cases of the disease, respectively, while the East and the Far South had the highest mortalities and fatalities. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological profile of meningococcal disease in Bahia follows the global and national trend, with a predominance among boys, brown, aged between 0 to 4 years, whose prevalence, mortality and lethality stand out among the age groups studied. Taking into account the endemic status of meningococcal disease in the state, these results can support and direct specific strategies to combat meningococcus, reinforcing the need for constant preventive actions and epidemiological surveillance, with the establishment of health promotion strategies and better applicability of resources. for the eradication of the disease.

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: to analyze the trend of morbidity and mortality indicators due to acute diarrheal diseases in children under five years old in Piauí. Methods: ecological study with data from the Information Technology Department at the Public Health System. The indicators of hospitalization rate and coefficient of mortality from the disease between 2000 and 2019 were calculated. A descriptive analysis of the indicators was carried out in the studied period and by the macro-regions in the State. For trend analysis, the simple linear regression model with log-transformation was used. Trends were classified as increasing, decreasing and stable, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the average on hospitalization rate was higher in the semi-arid macro-region (36.6/1000 children under five years old) and lower in Teresina (14.9/1000 children under five years old). The mean mortality coefficients were higher in the coastal macro-region (0.98/1000 live births) and lower in Teresina (0.47/1000 live births). The indicators showed a downward trend in all analyzed locations (p<0.05). A turning point was noted from 2009, with a significant reduction in hospitalization rates in the savanna and semi-arid macro-regions. Conclusion: indicators of morbidity and mortality due to acute diarrheal diseases in children under five years old showed a downward trend in Piauí between 2000 and 2019, with differences in trends between the evaluated macro-regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Skin cancer is the most common neoplasm among Brazilians, accounting for 31.3% of all cancer cases in the country., Objectives: To analyze the longitudinal morbimortality of skin cancer and compare it with the latitude and the prevalence of white skin color in each federative unit of the country., Methods: An ecological observational study was carried out using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH) and the Mortality Information System (SIM)., Results: In Brazil, morbidity rates (per 100,000 inhabitants) increased from 14.88 to 27.69 (p < 0.05) when comparing the years 2012 and 2022, whereas the mortality rates (per 100,000 inhabitants) increased from 0.35 to 0.54 (p < 0.05) during the same period. Furthermore, most states showed an increase in morbimortality rates. Concerning race/ethnicity, individuals with white skin had the highest morbimortality rates. Regarding the age groups, individuals over 50 years old had the highest morbidity rates, while patients over 80 years old had the highest mortality rates, at 23.29%. Finally, the latitude showed a negative correlation, meaning that lower latitudes presented higher rates of morbidity and mortality from skin cancer., Study Limitations: Self-reporting of skin color by participants, which may not fully correspond to phototypes. Data was analyzed exclusively from hospitalizations through the Unified Health System (SUS) and severe cases of the disease, as this study focused on hospitalizations and mortality, considering that the main treatment for skin cancer is carried out on an outpatient basis., Conclusions: The majority of Brazilian states showed rising morbimortality rates during the period, with the white-skinned population being the most affected. Additionally, a negative correlation with latitude was observed., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest None declared., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Occlusion is the most common complication of colon cancer. Surgical treatment is associated with the highest morbidity and mortality rate (10–27%) and has the worst prognosis. It is necessary for immediate management, avoiding colic perforation and peritonitis. The increase in mortality in emergency colon cancer surgery is multifactorial. AIMS: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for early postoperative mortality that highlights the therapeutic strategy in the management of obstructive colon cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on patients admitted from 2008 to 2020 at the Department of General Surgery due to obstructive colon cancer and operated on as an emergency (within 24 h of admission). RESULTS: In all, 118 patients with colon cancer were operated, and the early postoperative mortality was 10.2%. The univariate analysis highlighted that the American Society of Anesthesiology score III or IV, perforation tumor, one postoperative complication, and two simultaneous postoperative complications were considered significant risk factors for early postoperative mortality after emergent surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that only tumor perforation and the occurrence of two postoperative complications were significant risk factors. CONCLUSION: This study showed that postoperative complication is the leading cause of early postoperative mortality after emergency surgery for obstructive colon cancer. Optimizing the postoperative management of these higher risk patients is still necessary and may reduce the mortality rate.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Describe the temporal evolution of morbimortality due to Covid-19 and vaccination coverage during the health emergency in Brazil. METHODS Number of cases and deaths due to Covid-19 were extracted from the public panel of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, according to epidemiological week (EW) and geographic region. Data on vaccines and variants were obtained, respectively, from the Information System of the National Immunization Program and the Genomic Surveillance System of SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS Three peaks of deaths characterized the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic: in EW 30 of 2020, in the EW 14 of 2021 and in the EW six of 2022; three case waves, starting in the North and Northeast regions, with higher rates in the third wave, mainly in the South region. Vaccination started in the epidemiological week three of 2021, rapidly reaching most of the population, particularly in the Southeast and South regions, coinciding with a reduction exclusively in the mortality rate in the third wave. Only from the beginning of the second wave, when Gama was the dominant variant, 146,718 genomes were sequenced. From the last EW of 2021, with vaccination coverage already approaching 70%, the Omicron variant caused an avalanche of cases, but with fewer deaths. CONCLUSIONS We noticed the presence of three waves of Covid-19, as well as the effect of immunization on the reduction of mortality in the second and third waves, attributed to the Delta and Omicron variants, respectively. However, the reduction of morbidity, which peaked in the third wave during the domination of the Omicron variant, remained the same. The national and centralized command of the pandemic confrontation did not occur; thus, public administrators took the lead in their territories. The overwhelming effect of the pandemic could have been minimized, if there had been a coordinated participation of three spheres of the Brazilian Unified Health System administration, in the joint governance of the pandemic fight.

ABSTRACT Introduction: damage control surgery (DCS) is well recognized as a surgical strategy for patients sustaining severe abdominal trauma. Literature suggests the indications, operative times, therapeutic procedures, laboratory parameters and intraoperative findings have a direct bearing on the outcomes. Objective: to analyze the clinical profile of patients undergoing DCS and determine predictors of morbidity and mortality. Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted on all patients undergoing DCS following abdominal trauma from November 2015 and December 2021. Data on subjects’ demographics, baseline presentation, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, injury severity scores, laboratory parameters, operative details, postoperative complications, length of stay and mortality were assessed. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine potential risk factors for mortality. Results: During the study period, 696 patients underwent trauma laparotomy. Of these, 8.9% (n=62) were DCS, with more than 80% due to penetrating mechanisms. Overall mortality was 59.6%. In the logistic regression stratified by survival, several variables were significantly associated with mortality, including hypotension, and altered mental status at admission, intraoperative cardiorespiratory arrest, need for resuscitative thoracotomy, metabolic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, coagulopathy, fibrinolysis, and severity of the trauma injury scores. Conclusion: DCS may be appropriate in critically injured patients; however, it remains associated with significant morbidity and high mortality, even at specialized trauma care centers. From pre and postoperative clinical and laboratory parameters, it was possible to predict the risk of death in the studied sample.

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Introduction: Burns are responsible for about 180,000 deaths per year worldwide and about 1,000,000 accidents, more than 100,000 hospital admissions and 2,500 deaths per year in Brazil. Among the causes of morbidity and mortality of burn patients, infections stand out. Knowledge of the microbiological profile and appropriate treatment of infection cases impact on the decrease in morbidity and mortality rates. The Objetive is to analyze the microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance profile of patients admitted to the Burn Unit of the General Hospital "José Pangella" of Vila Penteado from 2011 to 2018. Methods: This is a retrospective study and surveyed all microbiological examinations of patients hospitalized for burns at the "José Pangella" Burns Unit of Vila Penteado General Hospital, located in the city of São Paulo, from January 2011 until the end of December 2018. Results: 495 microorganisms were isolated, being 436 bacteria (88,080%) and 59 fungi (11,919%). Among the samples analyzed, the highest prevalence was Staphylococcus sp., followed by Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Candida sp. and Acinetobacter sp. Conclusion: Handling burn patients remains a major challenge for burn treatment centers. Identifying the pathogens responsible for patients infections may result in optimal treatment, with an effective antibiotic choice and reducing the morbidity and mortality of these patients, as well as significantly reducing hospitalization time and costs.

Introduction: Exogenous intoxication is the harmful clinical and/or biochemical consequence of exposure followed by the organism's interaction with toxic elements. Brazil is one of the countries that stands out in the use of pesticides, and the state of Minas Gerais is also an important user of these chemicals, thanks to the state's agricultural and livestock economy. Because of their widespread use, exogenous poisoning by pesticides is an important local health problem, which needs to decline, and, for this, it is necessary for health surveillance to act assertively to minimize morbidity and mortality due to health problems in exposed populations, actions to promote and protect health and prevent illness. Objective: To describe the specifics of notifications of exogenous pesticide poisoning in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the period from 2011 to 2020. Methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was developed, using data from the Health Information Tabulator of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System. Clinical and sociodemographic variables related to pesticides, reported in absolute and relative frequencies, were included. Results: 6,727 cases of exogenous pesticide poisoning were reported, among them 5,623 by agricultural products, thus being the main toxic agent (83.5%). The age group most affected was 20-39 years. The circumstance of accidental involvement was the most prevalent (34.8%), followed by the attempted suicide (33.4%). Conclusion: In Minas Gerais, the agricultural production model is responsible for most of the records for exogenous poisoning by pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypothermia in the delivery room, at admission, and 2 to 3 hours after admission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), factors associated and possible relationship with morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with very low birth weight (VLBW). Methods: Cross-sectional study with data collection based on a retrospective review of medical records and including infants born in 2016 and 2017, with birth weights <1500g, and gestational ages <34 weeks. Data about VLBW preterm infants, maternal data and temperature in the delivery room were analyzed. Hypothermia was considered when axillary temperature <36°C. For statistical analysis, the chi-square test or G test, canonical and Spearman correlation, and logistic regression were used. Results: 149 newborns (NB) were included in the study. The prevalence of hypothermia in delivery room, at admission to the NICU and 2 to 3 hours after admission was 25.8%, 41.5% and 40.2%, respectively. The temperature of NBs was directly proportional to gestational age (p<0.010), birth weight (p<0.010), and Apgar score (p<0.050). There was an inverse association with hypothermia in the delivery room and cesarean delivery (OR 0.25; p=0.016). Conclusions: Hypothermia was a prevalent problem in the studied population. The neonatal temperature was directly proportional to gestational age, birth weight and Apgar score. Hypothermia was associated with maternal factors, such as cesarean delivery. It is necessary to implement and improve strategies for its prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: Describe the temporal evolution of morbimortality due to Covid-19 and vaccination coverage during the health emergency in Brazil. METHODS: Number of cases and deaths due to Covid-19 were extracted from the public panel of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, according to epidemiological week (EW) and geographic region. Data on vaccines and variants were obtained, respectively, from the Information System of the National Immunization Program and the Genomic Surveillance System of SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: Three peaks of deaths characterized the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic: in EW 30 of 2020, in the EW 14 of 2021 and in the EW six of 2022; three case waves, starting in the North and Northeast regions, with higher rates in the third wave, mainly in the South region. Vaccination started in the epidemiological week three of 2021, rapidly reaching most of the population, particularly in the Southeast and South regions, coinciding with a reduction exclusively in the mortality rate in the third wave. Only from the beginning of the second wave, when Gama was the dominant variant, 146,718 genomes were sequenced. From the last EW of 2021, with vaccination coverage already approaching 70%, the Omicron variant caused an avalanche of cases, but with fewer deaths. CONCLUSIONS: We noticed the presence of three waves of Covid-19, as well as the effect of immunization on the reduction of mortality in the second and third waves, attributed to the Delta and Omicron variants, respectively. However, the reduction of morbidity, which peaked in the third wave during the domination of the Omicron variant, remained the same. The national and centralized command of the pandemic confrontation did not occur; thus, public administrators took the lead in their territories. The overwhelming effect of the pandemic could have been minimized, if there had been a coordinated participation of three spheres of the Brazilian Unified Health System administration, in the joint governance of the pandemic fight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background: Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is an important complication of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we investigated the role of N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level to predict the LVA development after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 1519 consecutive patients with STEMI. Patients were divided into two groups according to LVA development within the six months after index myocardial infarction. Patients with or without LVAs were examined to determine if a significant relationship existed between the baseline N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide values and clinical characteristics. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: LVA was detected in 157 patients (10.3%). The baseline N- Terminal pro- B type natriuretic peptide level was significantly higher in patients who developed LVA after acute MI (523.5 ± 231.1 pg/mL vs. 192.3 ± 176.6 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Independent predictors of LVA formation after acute myocardial infarction was age > 65 y, smoking, Killip class > 2, previous coronary artery bypass graft, post-myocardial infarction heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, failure of reperfusion, no-reflow phenomenon, peak troponin I and CK-MB and NT-pro BNP > 400 pg/mL at admission. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that plasma N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level at admission among other variables provides valuable predictive information regarding the development of LVA after acute STEMI.

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: This paper describes the history, objectives and methods used by the nine Brazilian cohorts of the RPS Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís) Common thematic axes are identified and the objectives, baseline periods, follow-up stages and representativity of the population studied are presented. The Consortium includes three birth cohorts from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State (1978/1979, 1994 and 2010), four from Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State (1982, 1993, 2004 and 2015), and two from São Luís, Maranhão State (1997 and 2010). The cohorts cover three regions of Brazil, from three distinct states, with marked socioeconomic, cultural and infrastructure differences. The cohorts were started at birth, except for the most recent one in each municipality, where mothers were recruited during pregnancy. The instruments for data collection have been refined in order to approach different exposures during the early phases of life and their long-term influence on the health-disease process. The investigators of the nine cohorts carried out perinatal studies and later studied human capital, mental health, nutrition and precursor signs of noncommunicable diseases. A total of 17,636 liveborns were recruited in Ribeirão Preto, 19,669 in Pelotas, and 7,659 in São Luís. In the studies starting during pregnancy, 1,400 pregnant women were interviewed in Ribeirão Preto, 3,199 in Pelotas, and 1,447 in São Luís. Different strategies were employed to reduce losses to follow-up. This research network allows the analysis of the incidence of diseases and the establishment of possible causal relations that might explain the health outcomes of these populations in order to contribute to the development of governmental actions and health policies more consistent with reality.

Introduction: A year ago, in a sample of 113 patients, our research group found that a high number of lymphocytes in the immediate postoperative period was correlated to a poor prognosis in cardiovascular surgeries. This study is an expansion of the initial study in order to confirm this finding., Methods: We analyzed the data of 338 consecutive patients submitted to cardiovascular surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass performed at Hospital Universitário Ciências Médicas (Belo Horizonte/Brazil) from 2015 to 2017. We analyzed 39 variables with the outcomes death, hospital stay, and intensive care unit stay., Results: The value of lymphocytes in the immediate postoperative period > 2175.0/mm³ was an indicator of poor prognosis in this sample (P<0.001). The variables female sex, age, high level of European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II, increased stay in the intensive care unit and in the ward, elevation of creatinine in the preoperative period and at intensive care unit discharge, elevation of the percentage of immediate postoperative period segmented neutrophils, high immediate postoperative period neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, fasting hyperglycemia, preoperative critical condition, reintubation, mild or transient acute renal failure, surgical infection, cardiopulmonary bypass, and aortic cross-clamping and mechanical ventilation durations also had an impact on the mortality outcome., Conclusion: The value of lymphocytes in the immediate postoperative period > 2175.0/mm3 was an indicator of poor prognosis in cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: To characterize patients with soft tissue sarcoma in their demographic, clinical, histopathological and treatment aspects, treatment toxicity, and postoperative complications occurring within 30 days of the first surgery. Methods: A retrospective cohort study with clinical data collection and referring to the treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcomas, obtained through patients records from January to December 2017. The main focus was the analysis of the data of acute morbimortality related to the patient and tumor, graded by CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events). For this, we use data from a single tertiary institution leading the treatment of cancer in Brazil. Results: There was a higher prevalence of localization of sarcomas in extremities. The initial treatment is usually total excision, the number of postoperative complications was high (29.3%), such as signs of infection, surgical wound dehiscence, seroma formation, among others. Morbidities requiring hospitalization within 30 days of initiation of treatment were observed in 6 patients (9.84%), the majority with treatment or disease-related cause. The occurrence of death up to 30 postoperative days or up to 3 cycles of systemic therapy was not observed. Conclusion: Despite a high morbidity rate, much of it was mild and not associated with mortality. The study of the sarcoma-bearing population makes it possible to create realistic treatment strategies, as well as the use of the database for future research.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze the ranking and percentage variation of the main causes of hospital admissions and death of Brazilian elders between 2005 and 2015, according to gender and age groups. METHOD Retrospective and temporal analysis study. The six main causes of hospitalization and death of elders were collected in DATASUS according to sex and age groups (60 ~ 79, ≥80) in 2017. RESULTS Heart Failure (2005) and pneumonia (2015) were the two main causes of hospital admissions in both sexes and age groups, except for the younger group. Acute Myocardial Infarction was the main cause of death in 2005 and 2015. The second cause in the overall ranking was the Stroke in 2005 and Pneumonia in 2015. CONCLUSION Circulatory and respiratory diseases were the main causes of hospital admissions and death among the elderly, highlighting the impotant increase in pneumonia as a cause of morbimortality.

Objective:  Hip fractures in older adults have the highest impact on the patient's health. These injuries result in many complications, reducing functional capability, quality of life, and life expectancy. This study aimed to provide more epidemiological data on the outcomes of these fractures in nonagenarians from a large city treated at a tertiary hospital. Methods:  This study consisted of medical record reviews and interviews. Results:  In this study, 76 patients underwent 82 surgeries. The mean age of the patients was 92.5 years. Ninety percent of the subjects were female. The patients spent 10.4 days in hospital. Surgery occurred on average 2.3 days after hospitalization. Regarding fractures, 46 were trochanteric (56%), and 34 affected the femoral neck (41.5%). Forty-one surgeries used the short proximal femoral nail (50%), and 18 were partial hip replacements (22%). During hospitalization, 46 patients (55%) had no complications, excluding episodes of delirium, and seven patients (9%) died. Forty-two subjects completed the one-year postoperative follow-up period, with 56% alive and 44% dead. Conclusions:  Treating hip fractures in older patients is challenging. Our goal must focus on helping these subjects receive the quickest and least aggressive treatment possible and start mobilization early. We hope the data presented in this study can lead to a better understanding of the characteristics of our nonagenarian population with hip fractures and seek the best possible treatment for them., Competing Interests: Conflito Interesses Os autores declaram não haver conflito de interesses., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ).)

Purpose: to analyze the morbidity and mortality profile of the intensive care unit of a university hospital. Method: this is a quantitative and documentary study, with information obtained from medical records of 86 patients admitted to this hospital sector. Data were collected from a form and organized into Microsoft Excel 2013 spreadsheets. The analysis was descriptive in the form of tables and graphs, stratified by sex, with absolute and relative frequency and continuous variables as means. Results: it was found that the majority of hospitalized users were women, aged 39 to 59 years old, married or residing with their spouse and presented chronic disease. The main causes of hospitalization were postoperative complications, septic shock and respiratory failure. Women and men had the most frequent causes of death as pneumonia, multiple organ dysfunction, and septic shock. Conclusion: knowledge of the morbidity and mortality profile of hospitalized users is fundamental for the planning and improvement of care, as it reflects the customer needs and demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background: Acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF) presents high morbidity and mortality in spite of therapeutic advance. Identifying factors of worst prognosis is important to improve assistance during the hospital phase and follow-up after discharge. The use of echocardiography for diagnosis and therapeutic guidance has been of great utility in clinical practice. However, it is not clear if it could also be useful for risk determination and classification in patients with ADHF and if it is capable of adding prognostic value to a clinical score (OPTIMIZE-HF). Objective: To identify the echocardiographic variables with independent prognostic value and to test their incremental value to a clinical score. Methods: Prospective cohort of patients consecutively admitted between January 2013 and January 2015, with diagnosis of acutely decompensated heart failure, followed up to 60 days after discharge. Inclusion criteria were raised plasma level of NT-proBNP (> 450 pg/ml for patients under 50 years of age or NT-proBNP > 900 pg/ml for patients over 50 years of age) and at least one of the signs and symptoms: dyspnea at rest, low cardiac output or signs of right-sided HF. The primary outcome was the composite of death and readmission for decompensated heart failure within 60 days. Results: Study participants included 110 individuals with average age of 68 ± 16 years, 55% male. The most frequent causes of decompensation (51%) were transgression of the diet and irregular use of medication. Reduced ejection fraction (

Abstract Background: Renal dysfunction is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery. For a better assessment of renal function, calculation of creatinine clearance (CC) may be necessary. Objective: To objectively evaluate whether CC is a better risk predictor than serum creatinine (SC) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Analysis of 3,285 patients registered in a prospective, consecutive and mandatory manner in the Sao Paulo Registry of Cardiovascular Surgery (REPLICCAR) between November 2013 and January 2015. Values of SC, CC (Cockcroft-Gault) and EuroSCORE II were obtained. Association analysis of SC and CC with morbidity and mortality was performed by calibration and discrimination tests. Independent multivariate models with SC and CC were generated by multiple logistic regression to predict morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. Results: Despite the association between SC and mortality, it did not calibrate properly the risk groups. There was an association between CC and mortality with good calibration of risk groups. In mortality risk prediction, SC was uncalibrated with values > 1.35 mg /dL (p < 0.001). The ROC curve showed that CC is better than SC in predicting both morbidity and mortality risk. In the multivariate model without CC, SC was the only predictor of morbidity, whereas in the model without SC, CC was not only a mortality predictor, but also the only morbidity predictor. Conclusion: Compared with SC, CC is a better parameter of renal function in risk stratification of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

En la región de las Américas, Cuba cuenta con una de las menores tasas de morbimortalidad en tuberculosis; por lo que surgió la iniciativa de generar una estrategia común hacia la eliminación de esta enfermedad como problema de salud pública. Se realizó una investigación en sistemas y servicios de Salud, con un diseño epidemiológico observacional descriptivo transversal, en el municipio de Matanzas, en el período 2000-2006, basado en una evaluación del Programa de Control y Eliminación de la Tuberculosis como Problema de Salud, para un mejor conocimiento y, por tanto, un mayor control de esta entidad, así como discutir con los afectados la solución de cada una de las deficiencias, como parte de los estudios que se están realizando sobre el tema. Se estudiaron el total de los casos de tuberculosis diagnosticados en el municipio, llegándose a la conclusión de que hubo una reducción del número de casos en el 2006. La forma de diagnóstico que predominó fue la pulmonar, presentándose superior número de casos con baciloscopía positiva. Los grupos de edad más afectados fueron los menores de 65 años, existiendo una supremacía en el sexo masculino. Las áreas de salud de Contreras y Playa fueron las de mayor incidencia. Se concluyó que 3 áreas de salud alcanzaron la meta de tasas menores de 5 x 100 000 habitantes, 3 reportaron tasas entre 5 y 10 casos por 100 000 habitantes, y solo una tuvo tasas superiores a 10, lo que permite afirmar que la iniciativa de eliminación de la tuberculosis se cumple en el municipio.In the region of the Americas, Cuba has one of the smallest rates of morbimortality in tuberculosis, for what the initiative arose of generating a common strategy toward the elimination of this disease like a health problem. We carried out an investigation in Health systems and services, with a cross-sectional descriptive observational epidemiologic design, in the municipality of Matanzas, in the period 2000-2006, based on an evaluation of the Program for Controlling and Eliminating the Tuberculosis like a Health Problem, for a better knowledge and, therefore, a bigger control of this entity, and also for discussing with the affected patients, the solution of each one of the deficiencies, as a part of the researches that are being carried out on the topic. The most affected age group was the one formed by persons that are less than 65 years old, with the supremacy of the male sex. The health areas of Contreras and Playa were the ones with more incidences. We arrived to the conclusion that 3 health areas reached the goal of rates smaller than 5 x 100 000 inhabitants, 3 reported rates between 5 and 10 cases per 100 000 inhabitants, and only one had rates higher than 10, what allows to affirm that the initiative of eliminating the tuberculosis is completed in the municipality.

Introducción: La craniectomía descompresiva es una técnica quirúrgica utilizada desde principio del siglo XX. Actualmente constituye una opción de tratamiento en el manejo del paciente con trauma craneal. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en 25 pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico severo sometidos a craniectomía descompresiva, entre enero de 2005 y diciembre de 2009. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la craniectomía descompresiva como opción quirúrgica sobre la morbimortalidad en los pacientes con trauma craneal en quienes las medidas terapéuticas no controlaron la elevación de la presión intracraneal. Resultados: La craniectomía descompresiva fue realizada en 25 casos. La edad promedio fue de 41 años. Hubo un predominio del sexo masculino (68 %). El 88 % (22 pacientes) se recibieron con una puntuación en la escala de Glasgow igual o inferior a 8 puntos; el 12 % ingresó con un valor entre 9 y 13 puntos sufriendo degradación neurológica evolutivamente. Al evaluar los resultados a los 6 meses, aplicando la escala de Glasgow al egreso, se obtuvo que 6 pacientes (24 %) fallecieron; con discapacidad severa hubo 4 pacientes (16 %), y el 52 % de los casos tuvo una buena evolución. Conclusión: Esta opción quirúrgica reduce el riesgo de muerte y el grado de morbilidad en los pacientes con trauma craneal grave, pudiendo ser una opción terapéutica factible ante el incremento marcado de la presión intracraneal.Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy is a surgical technique used since the beginnings of the XX century. Currently it is a treatment option in the management of the patient with cranial trauma. Method: We carried out a descriptive observational study in 25 patients with severe crania encephalic trauma who received a decompressive craniectomy between January 2005 and December 2009. Objective: Evaluating the effects of the decompressive craniectomy as a surgical option against the morbimortality in patients with cranial trauma in whom therapeutic measures did not control the increase of the intracranial pressure. Results: The decompressive craniectomy was made in 25 cases. The average age was 41 years. There was a predominance of the male genre (68 %). 88 % (22 patients) were admitted with a punctuation in the Glasgow scale equal or less than 8 points. 12 % entered with a value between 9 and 13 points suffering neurological degradation evolutionarily. Assessing t he results 6 months later, and applying the Glasgow scale when discharging, we stated that 6 patients (24 %) died; there were 4 patients (16 %) with severe disability, and 52 % of the cases had a good evolution. Conclusion: This surgical option reduces the death risk and the morbidity rate in patients with severe cranial trauma, and it may be a feasible therapeutic option against the remarkable increase of the intracranial pressure.

Introducción. La terapia endovascular es una técnica aceptada mundialmente para el tratamiento de aneurismas cerebrales rotos y no rotos. En nuestro medio no hay grandes series publicadas que permitan comprobar la reproducibilidad del método según el grado de oclusión y la morbimortalidad de la técnica. Objetivo. Evaluar los resultados angiográficos y clínicos de la oclusión endovascular de 473 aneurismas intracraneanos tratados durante un período de 12 años. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 376 pacientes con 473 aneurismas intracraneanos tratados por terapia endovascular entre los años 1996 y 2008. Se analizaron las imágenes angiográficas antes del procedimiento y después de él y se registró el estado clínico al momento de ser dado de alta, según la escala de coma de Glasgow. Se evalúo la morbimortalidad asociada con la técnica y los resultados angiográficos inmediatos. Resultados. La factibilidad técnica del procedimiento fue de 96,8%. Según la escala de Hunt y Hess, al momento de la admisión, 8,7% de los pacientes estaban en el grado I, 35,7% en el grado II, 19,2% en el grado III y 7,8% en los grados IV o V. El 28,5% de los pacientes tenían aneurismas no rotos. Los resultados angiográficos inmediatos demostraron oclusión total en 69,6%, presencia de cuello remanente en 17,5% y oclusión parcial o fallida en 16,1% de los pacientes con "embolización". La mortalidad global fue de 10,4%, con una mortalidad del procedimiento de 1,5%. Se presentaron complicaciones asociadas con la técnica en 7,6% de los aneurismas tratados. Conclusión. El tratamiento endovascular de los aneurismas intracraneanos se asoció con una baja morbimortalidad y una gran factibilidad técnica. Los resultados fueron similares a diversas series publicadas en la literatura mundial, respaldando la reproducibilidad del método en nuestro medio.