123 results on '"Inchley J"'
Search Results
2. STRENGTHENING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE THROUGH A LONGSTANDING GLOBAL HEALTH PARTNERSHIP: CHARTING THE TRANSITION FROM SHORT-TERM HERNIA MISSIONS TO A SELF-SUSTAINING HOSPITAL
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Asubiojo, B, primary, Inchley, J, additional, Smith, A, additional, Leyden, K, additional, Wilson, J, additional, and Hicks, R, additional
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- 2024
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3. Association of alcohol control policies with adolescent alcohol consumption and with social inequality in adolescent alcohol consumption: A multilevel study in 33 countries and regions
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Leal-López, E., Moreno-Maldonado, C., Inchley, J., Deforche, B., Van Havere, T., Van Damme, J., Buijs, T., Sánchez-Queija, I., Currie, D., Vieno, A., and De Clercq, B.
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- 2020
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4. Associations between perceived social and physical environmental variables and physical activity and screen time among adolescents in four European countries
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Bucksch, J., Kopcakova, J., Inchley, J., Troped, P. J., Sudeck, G., Sigmundova, D., Nalecz, H., Borraccino, A., Salonna, F., Dankulincova Veselska, Z., and Hamrik, Z.
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- 2019
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5. Public mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: impacts on children's rights.
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MacLachlan, A., McMellon, C., and Inchley, J.
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COVID-19 pandemic ,CHILDREN'S rights ,MENTAL health ,CHILDREN'S drawings ,PUBLIC health ,CLEFT palate children - Abstract
Restrictions on social and economic activities imposed by governments around the world in response to COVID-19, including the closure of schools and childcare facilities, have had a detrimental impact on children's mental health and wellbeing. Initial responses to support mental health during the pandemic have largely focussed on immediate support and crisis management. However, as governments plan for recovery from the pandemic it is important to focus on the wider determinants of children's mental health including their relationships and the environments and societies in which they live in order to prevent a future global mental health crisis. This narrative review draws on the Independent Children's Rights Impact Assessment on the response to COVID-19 in Scotland to evaluate how the measures implemented by the Scottish Government have impacted on children's rights related to the wider determinants of mental health. The review reflects on the indivisibility of both children's rights and the different aspects of children's lives, particularly when considering issues such as mental health. Using the Scottish context as an exemplar, it highlights the value of a rights-based framework for providing a holistic view that can inform preventative approaches to support better mental health among children in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. National-Level Schoolwork Pressure, Family Structure, Internet Use, and Obesity as Drivers of Time Trends in Adolescent Psychological Complaints Between 2002 and 2018
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Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Finkenauer, Leerstoel Stevens, Boer, M., Cosma, A., Twenge, J. M., Inchley, J., Jeriček Klanšček, H., Stevens, G. W.J.M., Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Finkenauer, Leerstoel Stevens, Boer, M., Cosma, A., Twenge, J. M., Inchley, J., Jeriček Klanšček, H., and Stevens, G. W.J.M.
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- 2023
7. Domains of spirituality and their importance to the health of 75 533 adolescents in 12 countries.
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Michaelson, V, Šmigelskas, K, King, N, Inchley, J, Malinowska-Cieślik, M, Pickett, W, and Group, for the HBSC Spiritual Health Writing
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STATISTICS ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,SPIRITUALITY ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CROSS-sectional method ,MENTAL health ,REGRESSION analysis ,ADOLESCENT health ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Spirituality is an ancient concept with many contemporary applications to the field of health promotion. While recognized in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as a basic human right, definitional misunderstandings about what spirituality is, and is not, and the mechanisms by which it affects the health of young people, remain. In this cross-national analysis involving >75 000 adolescents from 12 countries, we examined the relative importance of each of four spiritual health domains (connections to self, others, nature and the transcendent) in the lives of young people, and how these connections relate to a standard indicator of positive mental health status. Descriptive and applied regression analyses confirmed two major findings: (i) boys and girls in all 12 countries ranked the importance of each of the four domains in the same order, with 'connections to self' identified as most important; and (ii) both direct and indirect pathways are evident that connect the remaining three domains to positive mental health status, but through strong connections to self. Based on our scale items, fostering a strong connection to self, which involves cultivating a sense of meaning, purpose and joy in the lives of adolescents, appears most fundamental to fostering optimal mental health. This may be achieved directly or, dependent upon context and culture, indirectly with emphasis on the connections afforded by the other three domains. Such findings provide important insights to guide the content of adolescent health promotion interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Public mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: impacts on children’s rights
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Maclachlan, A., McMellon, C., and Inchley, J.
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Restrictions on social and economic activities imposed by governments around the world in response to COVID-19, including the closure of schools and childcare facilities, have had a detrimental impact on children's mental health and wellbeing. Initial responses to support mental health during the pandemic have largely focussed on immediate support and crisis management. However, as governments plan for recovery from the pandemic it is important to focus on the wider determinants of children's mental health including their relationships and the environments and societies in which they live in order to prevent a future global mental health crisis. This narrative review draws on the Independent Children's Rights Impact Assessment on the response to COVID-19 in Scotland to evaluate how the measures implemented by the Scottish Government have impacted on children's rights related to the wider determinants of mental health. The review reflects on the indivisibility of both children's rights and the different aspects of children's lives, particularly when considering issues such as mental health. Using the Scottish context as an exemplar, it highlights the value of a rights-based framework for providing a holistic view that can inform preventative approaches to support better mental health among children in the future.
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- 2022
9. Trends in adolescent eating behaviour: a multilevel cross-sectional study of 11-15 year olds in Scotland, 2002-2010
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Levin, K.A., Kirby, J., Currie, C., and Inchley, J.
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- 2012
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10. Priority Indicators for Adolescent Health Measurement - Recommendations From the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent Health (GAMA) Advisory Group.
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Marsh, AD, Moller, A-B, Saewyc, E, Adebayo, E, Akwara, E, Azzopardi, P, Ba, MG, Baltag, V, Bose, K, Burrows, S, Carvajal, L, Dastgiri, S, Fagan, L, Ferguson, J, Friedman, HS, Giyava, C, Hagell, A, Inchley, J, Jackson, D, Kågesten, AE, Mangombe, A, Morgan, A, Newby, H, Schultz, L, Sommer, M, Speizer, I, Tang, K, Guthold, R, Marsh, AD, Moller, A-B, Saewyc, E, Adebayo, E, Akwara, E, Azzopardi, P, Ba, MG, Baltag, V, Bose, K, Burrows, S, Carvajal, L, Dastgiri, S, Fagan, L, Ferguson, J, Friedman, HS, Giyava, C, Hagell, A, Inchley, J, Jackson, D, Kågesten, AE, Mangombe, A, Morgan, A, Newby, H, Schultz, L, Sommer, M, Speizer, I, Tang, K, and Guthold, R
- Abstract
PURPOSE: This article describes the selection of priority indicators for adolescent (10-19 years) health measurement proposed by the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent health advisory group and partners, building on previous work identifying 33 core measurement areas and mapping 413 indicators across these areas. METHODS: The indicator selection process considered inputs from a broad range of stakeholders through a structured four-step approach: (1) definition of selection criteria and indicator scoring; (2) development of a draft list of indicators with metadata; (3) collection of public feedback through a survey; and (4) review of the feedback and finalization of the indicator list. As a part of the process, measurement gaps were also identified. RESULTS: Fifty-two priority indicators were identified, including 36 core indicators considered to be most important for measuring the health of all adolescents, one alternative indicator for settings where measuring the core indicator is not feasible, and 15 additional indicators for settings where further detail on a topic would add value. Of these indicators, 17 (33%) measure health behaviors and risks, 16 (31%) health outcomes and conditions, eight (15%) health determinants, five (10%) systems performance and interventions, four (8%) policies, programmes, laws, and two (4%) subjective well-being. DISCUSSION: A consensus list of priority indicators with metadata covering the most important health issues for adolescents was developed with structured inputs from a broad range of stakeholders. This list will now be pilot tested to assess the feasibility of indicator data collection to inform global, regional, national, and sub-national monitoring.
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- 2022
11. Defining research priorities for youth public mental health: reflections on a coproduction approach to transdisciplinary working.
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Taylor, A, McMellon, C, French, T, MacLachlan, A, Evans, R, Lewis, R, McCann, M, Moore, L, Murphy, S, Simpson, S, Inchley, J, Taylor, A, McMellon, C, French, T, MacLachlan, A, Evans, R, Lewis, R, McCann, M, Moore, L, Murphy, S, Simpson, S, and Inchley, J
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BACKGROUND: With most mental health problems established during childhood/adolescence, young people must be a key focus of public mental health approaches. Despite the range of factors known to influence mental health, evidence for effective interventions is lacking for this age group. This study aimed to define priorities for future public health intervention-focused research to support youth mental health by engaging with transdisciplinary stakeholder groups. METHODS: Our coproduction approach involved priority-setting workshops with young people, researchers, practitioners and policy-makers. Each workshop focused on three thematic areas: social connections and relationships; schools and other education settings; and key groups at greater risk of mental ill-health, specifically LGBTQ+ and care-experienced young people. Workshop outputs were synthesized to define research priorities. RESULTS: This paper presents the research priorities that were defined through the priority-setting workshops, and our reflections on the coproduction approach to guide future similar activities undertaken by others. Ten priorities for youth public mental health research were defined, covering the following areas: building supportive relationships; whole system approaches; social media; support at times of transition; improving links between different services; development and training for those who support young people; staff mental health; engaging with families; awareness of and access to services; and out-of-school and community settings. CONCLUSIONS: These research priorities can inform future intervention development to support youth public mental health. Our transdisciplinary approach means the identified research priorities are likely to be relevant to young people's experiences and needs, and to fit with the needs of those working in practice and policy to support young people.
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- 2022
12. Loneliness in young people: a multilevel exploration of social ecological influences and geographic variation.
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Marquez, J, Goodfellow, C, Hardoon, D, Inchley, J, Leyland, A H, Qualter, P, Simpson, S A, and Long, E
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STATISTICS ,CROSS-sectional method ,POPULATION geography ,SOCIAL factors ,SURVEYS ,LONELINESS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors - Abstract
Background Loneliness is a growing public health concern, yet little is known about loneliness in young people. The current study aimed to identify social ecological factors related to loneliness and examine the extent to which geographic region may account for differences in loneliness. Methods The data come from a cross-sectional sample of 6503 young people living in the UK. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA 3-item scale. Bivariate analyses were used to test associations between each predictor and loneliness. Multilevel models were used to identify key social ecological factors related to loneliness, and the extent to which loneliness may vary across geographic regions (local authority districts). Results Sociodemographic, social, health and well-being, and community factors were found to be associated with loneliness. Geographic region was associated with 5–8% of the variation in loneliness. The effect of gender, sexual orientation and minority ethnic background on loneliness differed across regions. Conclusions This is the first study to highlight modifiable social and community factors related to youth loneliness, and individual vulnerabilities, such as poor mental well-being. Results related to geographic differences suggest that local-level initiatives may be most appropriate in tackling loneliness, rather than wider, less contextualized national efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Loneliness in young people: a multilevel exploration of social ecological influences and geographic variation
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Marquez, J, primary, Goodfellow, C, additional, Hardoon, D, additional, Inchley, J, additional, Leyland, A H, additional, Qualter, P, additional, Simpson, S A, additional, and Long, E, additional
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- 2022
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14. Cross-national time trends in adolescent mental well-being from 2002 to 2018 and the explanatory role of schoolwork pressure
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Cosma, A.P., Stevens, G.W.J.M., Martin, G., Duinhof, E.L., Walsh, S.D., Garcia-Moya, I., Kolto, A., Gobina, I., Canale, N., Catunda, C., Inchley, J., de Looze, M.E., Leerstoel Finkenauer, and Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts
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HBSC ,Cross-national ,Adolescent ,Mental well-being ,Schoolwork pressure ,Well-being ,Country variation ,Mental health ,Life satisfaction ,Trends ,Psychosomatic health complaints ,Multilevel analysis ,Adolescence - Abstract
Purpose Previous research has shown inconsistent time trends in adolescent mental well-being, but potential underlying mechanisms for such trends are yet to be examined. This study investigates cross-national time trends in adolescent mental well-being (psychosomatic health complaints and life satisfaction) in mainly European countries and the extent to which time trends in schoolwork pressure explain these trends. Methods Data from 915,054 adolescents from 36 countries (50.8% girls; meanage = 13.54; standard deviationage = 1.63) across five Health Behaviour in School-aged Children surveys (2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018) were included in the analyses. Hierarchical multilevel models estimated cross-national trends in adolescent mental well-being and schoolwork pressure. We also tested whether schoolwork pressure could explain these trends in mental well-being. Results A small linear increase over time in psychosomatic complaints and schoolwork pressure was found. No change in life satisfaction emerged. Furthermore, there was large cross-country variation in the prevalence of, and trends over time in, adolescent mental well-being and schoolwork pressure. Overall, declines in well-being and increases in schoolwork pressure were apparent in the higher income countries. Across countries, the small increase in schoolwork pressure over time partly explained the increase in psychosomatic health complaints. Conclusions Our findings do not provide evidence for substantial declines in mental well-being among adolescents. Yet, the small increase in mental well-being and increases in schoolwork pressure appear to be quite consistent across high-income countries. This calls for the attention of public health professionals and policy-makers. Country differences in trends in both adolescent mental well-being outcomes and schoolwork pressure were considerable, which requires caution regarding the cross-national generalization of national trends.
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- 2020
15. Cross-national time trends in adolescent mental well-being from 2002 to 2018 and the explanatory role of schoolwork pressure
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Leerstoel Finkenauer, Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Cosma, A.P., Stevens, G.W.J.M., Martin, G., Duinhof, E.L., Walsh, S.D., Garcia-Moya, I., Kolto, A., Gobina, I., Canale, N., Catunda, C., Inchley, J., de Looze, M.E., Leerstoel Finkenauer, Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Cosma, A.P., Stevens, G.W.J.M., Martin, G., Duinhof, E.L., Walsh, S.D., Garcia-Moya, I., Kolto, A., Gobina, I., Canale, N., Catunda, C., Inchley, J., and de Looze, M.E.
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- 2020
16. Structural validity of a brief scale adapted to measure adolescent spiritual health.
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Shaver, N, Michaelson, V, Whitehead, R, Pickett, W, Brooks, F, Inchley, J, HBSC Spiritual Health Writing Group, Shaver, N, Michaelson, V, Whitehead, R, Pickett, W, Brooks, F, Inchley, J, and HBSC Spiritual Health Writing Group
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Spiritual health is established as an important protective health asset in child populations. Measurement and assessment of this elusive concept are, however, challenging. Brief and age-appropriate instruments are required for surveys and related population health research. One longstanding model describing child spirituality suggests that scales and measures consider four standard domains describing connections to self, others, nature, and the transcendent. In this validation study, we tested the structural validity and internal consistency of a brief, literacy-level appropriate instrument for adolescents that was based on prior adaptations of this model. The 2018 cross-national study population included 47,180 children aged 11-15 years from 9 countries. Based upon theory, factor pattern matrices, and Scree plots, the exploratory factor analysis best supported the four-factor model, with items organized according to the original four domains. Internal consistency of the items was acceptable (alpha>.7) to good (alpha>.8) within domains, again within each of the 9 countries. The confirmatory factor analysis again supported the four-factor model (by country, SRMR: 0.020 to 0.042; and AGFI and NFI fit: >0.98). Model fit indices for the four-factor model were improved compared with its unidimensional version. Moving forward, our analysis establishes the structural validity and internal consistency of this adapted brief spiritual health instrument to be used in surveys of adolescents.
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- 2020
17. P81 Social patterning of self-reported health among 10–24-year-olds across the UK countries: a preliminary analysis of the 2001 and 2011 Censuses
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Metsis, K, primary, Inchley, J, additional, and Sullivan, F, additional
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- 2020
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18. Do country-level environmental factors explain cross-national variation in adolescent physical activity? A multilevel study in 29 European countries
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Weinberg, Dominic, Stevens, G.W.J.M., Bucksch, J, Inchley, J., de Looze, M.E., Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Finkenauer, Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Finkenauer, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews. Population and Behavioural Science Division, and University of St Andrews. Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit
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Male ,RJ101 ,internationaler Vergleich ,Ecological systems theory ,Ökologie und Umwelt ,Physical education ,0302 clinical medicine ,RJ101 Child Health. Child health services ,physical exercise ,Epidemiology ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,Ökologie ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medicine, Social Medicine ,Child ,International comparison ,HBSC ,Physical Education and Training ,Schools ,Ecology ,ökologische Folgen ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Multilevel model ,Temperature ,Jugendlicher ,Umweltfaktoren ,3rd-DAS ,Adolescence ,Europe ,Policy ,Medicine and health ,Income ,Multilevel Analysis ,Female ,Europa ,SDG 4 - Quality Education ,Research Article ,Adult ,Cross-Cultural Comparison ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Ecological theory ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Adoleszenz ,Mehrebenenanalyse ,Environment ,Ecology, Environment ,World Health Organization ,EU-SILC ,03 medical and health sciences ,environmental factors ,Urbanization ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,ddc:577 ,Exercise ,körperliche Bewegung ,Medizin und Gesundheit ,ecological consequences ,business.industry ,Physical activity ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Medizin, Sozialmedizin ,multi-level analysis ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Adolescent Behavior ,adolescent ,Household income ,Environmental determinants ,Self Report ,Biostatistics ,business ,EU ,Demography - Abstract
Background Worldwide, roughly 80% of adolescents fail to meet World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations regarding physical activity, though there is substantial variation in adolescent physical activity prevalence across countries. This study explored whether country-level environmental differences explained cross-national variation in adolescent moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous-intensity activity (VPA). Method Using the data of 138,014 11- to 15-year-olds from 29 European countries in the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, multilevel regression models examined the influence of four types of country-level environmental factors (physical, socio-cultural, economic, and political) on self-reported individual-level physical activity (MVPA and VPA). Results The environmental variables explained 38% of country-level variance in MVPA and 81% of country-level variance in VPA. Lower annual average national temperature, higher community safety, lower average national household income and a weaker physical education policy were significantly associated with more MVPA. Greater urbanisation, lower annual average national temperature, higher adult physical activity and higher average national household income were significantly associated with more VPA. Conclusions The findings showed that national differences in the physical, socio-cultural and economic environment were related to adolescent physical activity. They point to potential avenues for future research looking at interactions between individual and environmental factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6908-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- 2019
19. Do country-level environmental factors explain cross-national variation in adolescent physical activity? A multilevel study in 29 European countries
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Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Finkenauer, Weinberg, Dominic, Stevens, G.W.J.M., Bucksch, J, Inchley, J., de Looze, M.E., Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Finkenauer, Weinberg, Dominic, Stevens, G.W.J.M., Bucksch, J, Inchley, J., and de Looze, M.E.
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- 2019
20. Domains of spirituality and their associations with positive mental health: a study of adolescents in Canada, England and Scotland
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Michaelson, V, King, N, Inchley, J, Currie, D, Brooks, F, Pickett, W, Michaelson, V, King, N, Inchley, J, Currie, D, Brooks, F, and Pickett, W
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© 2019 The Authors Spirituality is a concept with ancient roots yet contemporary relevance to mental health. Its assessment in populations of young people, however, remains an immense challenge. Efforts to perform such assessments typically involve use of unidimensional scales incorporating items related to four domains (connections to “self”, “others”, “nature”, and the “transcendent”). For adolescents, it remains unclear whether these domains equally influence mental health, or if one domain is particularly important. Here we analyzed reports from adolescents who participated in the 2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in Canada (n = 21,173), England (n = 4339) and Scotland (n = 5603). Reports of positive mental health were modelled as a function of ordinal scores describing each spiritual health domain, controlling for age, the other domains, and potential confounders. Subsequent analyses focused on the centrality of connections to “self” in these relationships. We identified strong and consistent associations between positive mental health and higher scores for each of the four spiritual health domains. In fully adjusted models, these effects were diminished or changed direction for connections to “others”, “nature”, and the “transcendent”, while the positive association with “connections to self” remained. While associations exist between each of the four domains of spiritual health and positive mental health, it appears that associations with connections to “others”, “nature”, and the “transcendent” are sometimes mediated by connections to “self”. Implications for assessment, models and related interventions and health promotion strategies, based on the idea that inner connections may be central to the protective effects of spiritual health, are considered.
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- 2019
21. Dietary trends among Scottish schoolchildren in the 1990s
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Inchley, J., Todd, J., Bryce, C., and Currie, C.
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- 2001
22. Associations between perceived social and physical environmental variables and physical activity and screen time among adolescents in four European countries
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Bucksch, J., primary, Kopcakova, J., additional, Inchley, J., additional, Troped, P. J., additional, Sudeck, G., additional, Sigmundova, D., additional, Nalecz, H., additional, Borraccino, A., additional, Salonna, F., additional, Dankulincova Veselska, Z., additional, and Hamrik, Z., additional
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- 2018
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23. Spirituality as a protective health asset for young people: an international comparative analysis from three countries
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Brooks, F, Michaelson, V, King, N, Inchley, J, Pickett, W, Brooks, F, Michaelson, V, King, N, Inchley, J, and Pickett, W
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© 2018, Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+). Objectives: Spirituality has been proposed as a potential health asset a ‘developmental engine’ that works by fostering the search for connectedness, meaning and purpose. The aim is to examine to what extent spiritual health might be protective of young people’s overall health and well-being. Methods: In 2014, young people aged 11, 13, and 15 years in England, Scotland and Canada were surveyed as part of the HBSC study (n = 26,701). The perceived importance of spiritual health and domains (connections with self, others, nature, and the transcendent) was measured in these countries. Multi-level log-binomial models were used to explore relationships between spiritual health and three self-reported positive health outcomes: general health status, subjective life satisfaction and health complaints. Results: Higher levels of perceptions of the importance of spiritual health, both overall and within the four domains, were associated with higher likelihoods of reporting each of the positive health outcomes. Conclusions: Spiritual health appears to operate as a protective health asset during adolescence and is significantly shaped by external relationships and connections.
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- 2018
24. Secular trends in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 32 countries from 2002 to 2010: a cross-national perspective
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Kalman, M., primary, Inchley, J., additional, Sigmundova, D., additional, Iannotti, R. J., additional, Tynjala, J. A., additional, Hamrik, Z., additional, Haug, E., additional, and Bucksch, J., additional
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- 2015
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25. Overweight in school-aged children and its relationship with demographic and lifestyle factors: results from the WHO-Collaborative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Study
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Haug, E., Rasmussen, M., Samdal, O., Iannotti, R., Kelly, C., Borraccino, A., Vereecken, C., Melkevik, O., Lazzeri, Giacomo, Giacchi, MARIANO VINCENZO, Ercan, O., Due, P., RAVENS SIEBERER, U., Currie, C., Morgan, A., Ahluwalia, N., Maes, L., Hublet, A., Janssen, I., Freeman, J., Krch, F. D., Damsgaard, M. T., Holstein, B., Aasvee, K., Valimaa, R., Godeau, E., Ottova, V., Kokkevi, A., Fotiou, A., Niclasen, B., Nemeth, A., Unak, K., Cavallo, F., Dalmasso, P., Rossi, Stefania, Baldassari, D., TER BOGT, T., Torsheim, T., Kololo, H., Tabak, I., Inchley, J., Nansel, T., and Department of Health and Children
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Gerontology ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Canada ,Health (social science) ,Adolescent ,body-mass index ,physical activity ,Health Promotion ,Overweight ,World Health Organization ,sedentary behaviours ,Article ,Eatting patterns ,School children - Overweight prevalence - Eating patterns - Physical activity - Sedentary behaviours ,overweight prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,adolescents ,Cooperative Behavior ,Israel ,Child ,Sedentary lifestyle ,Demography ,School age child ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Public health ,school children ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Health behaviour ,weight ,Feeding Behavior ,Health Surveys ,United States ,Europe ,Lifestyle factors ,Health promotion ,Sedentary Lifestyle ,Eating patterns ,Overweight prevalence ,Physical activity ,School children ,Sedentary behaviours ,Female ,eating patterns ,Sedentary Behavior ,medicine.symptom ,business ,europe ,childhood obesity - Abstract
Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Sep OBJECTIVES: To examine overweight prevalence and its association with demographic and lifestyle factors in 11-15 year olds in the HBSC 2005-2006 survey. METHODS: Self-reports of height, weight, eating patterns, physical activity and sedentary behaviours were obtained from nationally representative samples in 41 countries (n=204,534). RESULTS: Overweight prevalence was highest in USA (28.8 %) and lowest in Latvia (7.6 %). In most countries, overweight was more prevalent in boys than girls. Overweight was consistently negatively associated with breakfast consumption and moderate to vigorous physical activity; OR range: 0.48-0.79 and 0.50-0.78, respectively. CONCLUSION: Overweight prevalence in youth remained high across the countries examined. The primary factors linked to overweight were breakfast consumption and physical activity. These data should contribute to formulating preventive programs and policies.
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- 2009
26. Long-Term Goals May Sustain Long-Term Health: Post-School Expectations and Health-Related Behaviour in a 2010 Sample of Scottish Adolescents
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Whitehead, R, primary, Currie, D, additional, Inchley, J, additional, and Currie, C, additional
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- 2014
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27. Trends in television time, non-gaming PC use and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among German adolescents 2002-2010.
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Social Determinants of Health, Bucksch, J.; Inchley, J.; Hamrik, Z.; Finne, E.; Kolip, P., Social Determinants of Health, and Bucksch, J.; Inchley, J.; Hamrik, Z.; Finne, E.; Kolip, P.
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- 2013
28. Socio-environmental influences on physical activity among young people: a qualitative study
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Kirby, J., primary, Levin, K. A., additional, and Inchley, J., additional
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- 2013
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29. Phases of health promotion implementation into the Scottish school system
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Gugglberger, L., primary and Inchley, J., additional
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- 2012
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30. Associations between the school environment and adolescent girls' physical activity
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Kirby, J., primary, Levin, K. A., additional, and Inchley, J., additional
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- 2011
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31. The 'Walking for Wellbeing in the West' randomised controlled trial of a pedometer-based walking programme in combination with physical activity consultation with 12 month follow-up: rationale and study design
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Ogilvie David, Fenwick Elisabeth, Shaw Rebecca, Millington Catherine, Lowry Ruth, Ward Thompson Catharine, Nimmo Myra A, Wright Annemarie, Baker Graham, Fitzsimons Claire F, Inchley Joanna, Foster Charlie E, and Mutrie Nanette
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Scotland has a policy aimed at increasing physical activity levels in the population, but evidence on how to achieve this is still developing. Studies that focus on encouraging real world participants to start physical activity in their settings are needed. The Walking for Well-being in the West study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a pedometer-based walking programme in combination with physical activity consultation. The study was multi-disciplinary and based in the community. Walking for Well-being in the West investigated whether Scottish men and women, who were not achieving the current physical activity recommendation, increased and maintained walking behaviour over a 12 month period. This paper outlines the rationale and design of this innovative and pragmatic study. Methods Participants were randomised into two groups: Group 1: Intervention (pedometer-based walking programme combined with a series of physical activity consultations); Group 2: Waiting list control for 12 weeks (followed by minimal pedometer-based intervention). Physical activity (primary outcome) was measured using pedometer step counts (7 day) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long version). Psychological processes were measured using questionnaires relating to the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change, mood (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) and quality of life (Euroqol EQ-5D instrument). Physiological measures included anthropometric and metabolic outcomes. Environmental influences were assessed subjectively (Neighbourhood Quality of Life Survey) and objectively (neighbourhood audit tool and GIS mapping). The qualitative evaluation employed observation, semi-structured interviews and focus groups. A supplementary study undertook an economic evaluation. Discussion Data analysis is on-going. Walking for Well-being in the West will demonstrate if a pedometer based walking programme, in combination with physical activity consultation results in a sustainable increase in walking behaviour in this sample of Scottish adults over a 12 month period. The study will examine the complex relationships between behavioural change, health consequences and the role of the environment, in conjunction with the cost effectiveness of this approach and a detailed insight into the participants' experiences of the intervention. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN88907382
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- 2008
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32. Conceptualisation of health among young people: a protocol for systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.
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Metsis K, Inchley J, Williams AJ, Vrahimis S, Brown L, and Sullivan F
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- Humans, Adolescent, Young Adult, Health Status, Self Report, Child, Research Design, Systematic Reviews as Topic, Qualitative Research
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Background: Self-reported health is a widely used health indicator in surveys and questionnaires. The measure gained attention when research identified its association with mortality in the 1970s and 1980s. The measure is also associated with morbidity and other health outcomes such as the utilisation of health services. Self-reported health is a particularly useful measure for young people because this age group is generally clinically healthy. However, it is known that many chronic conditions have long latency periods that are initiated early in life. Because of its predictive nature, self-reported health can be used to estimate young people's current and future health. Despite its widespread use, however, self-reported health remains a poorly understood concept. This paper presents the protocol for a systematic review that will identify and synthesise qualitative studies that investigate the factors that are considered by young people when they assess their health, and when they talk about health overall., Methods: The population of the review is young people aged 10-24 years, with or without health conditions. We will search the databases of MEDLINE (Ovid®), PsycINFO (APA PsycNet), ProQuest Sociology Collection, and Web of Science Core Collection™. We will also utilise techniques of reference checking and forward citation searching, as this strategy has been shown to result in a higher number of high-quality studies in social science systematic reviews. Google Scholar and Google Search were used during preliminary searches; Google Scholar will be utilised for forward citation searching. We will include studies written in English, German, or Finnish; there will be no lower date limit. One reviewer will screen all citations. A second reviewer will independently screen a sample of 20% of the abstracts. Data will be extracted by one researcher, two other researchers will independently review all data extracted, and quality appraisal will be completed by the first reviewer. We will utilise the Quality Framework for the appraisal of included articles and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies., Discussion: The results of this systematic review will improve the understanding of the factors that are considered during the self-assessments of health; this will improve the interpretation of the results of quantitative research. Also, an improved understanding of the conceptualisation of health will inform the development of health policies and interventions that support young people's health., Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42022367519., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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33. Different Categories of Social Media Use and Their Association With Body Image Among Adolescents in 42 Countries.
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Boniel-Nissim M, Bersia M, Canale N, Lahti H, Ojala K, Ercan O, Dzielska A, Inchley J, and Dalmasso P
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- Humans, Adolescent, Female, Male, Child, Sex Factors, Adolescent Behavior psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Media, Body Image psychology
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Objectives: Social media has become integrated into adolescents' lives and influences body image perceptions. Our study examined four patterns of social media use (SMU): non-active, active, intensive, and problematic. We hypothesised that intensive SMU and problematic SMU would be associated with negative body image (negative subjective body weight) and over/underestimated body weight congruence, compared to non-active and active SMU. In addition, we expect these associations to be stronger for girls., Methods: Data from 190,892 respondents aged 11, 13, and 15 from 42 countries involved in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study were analysed., Results: Findings revealed higher rates of intensive or problematic SMU among adolescents who perceived themselves as too fat or too thin. Two-level regression analyses showed intensive and problematic SMU as more likely to perceive themselves as too fat or too thin than active users. The association was significant among intensive and problematic girl social media users, whereas, among boys, the relationship was only significant for problematic users., Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of assessing SMU patterns to evaluate associations with body image., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Boniel-Nissim, Bersia, Canale, Lahti, Ojala, Ercan, Dzielska, Inchley and Dalmasso.)
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- 2024
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34. Indicators to Measure Adolescent Health at the Country, Regional, and Global Levels: Results of a Five-Year Selection Process by the Global Action for the Measurement of Adolescent Health.
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Marsh AD, Newby H, Storey S, Yeung D, Diaz T, Baltag V, Banerjee A, Abduvahobov P, Adebayo E, Azzopardi PS, Ba MG, Bose K, Cardona M, Carvajal-Velez L, Dastgiri S, Fagan L, Ferguson BJ, Friedman HS, Hagell A, Inchley J, Kågesten AE, Keogh SC, Moller AB, Saewyc EM, Tang K, and Guthold R
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- Humans, Adolescent, Health Status Indicators, Female, Adolescent Health, Global Health
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Purpose: To improve adolescent health measurement, the Global Action for the Measurement of Adolescent health (GAMA) Advisory Group was formed in 2018 and published a draft list of 52 indicators across six adolescent health domains in 2022. We describe the process and results of selecting the adolescent health indicators recommended by GAMA (hereafter, "GAMA-recommended indicators")., Methods: Each indicator in the draft list was assessed using the following inputs: (1) availability of data and stakeholders' perceptions on their relevance, acceptability, and feasibility across selected countries; (2) alignment with current measurement recommendations and practices; and (3) data in global databases. Topic-specific working groups comprised of GAMA experts and representatives of United Nations partner agencies reviewed results and provided preliminary recommendations, which were appraised by all GAMA members and finalized., Results: There are 47 GAMA-recommended indicators (36 core and 11 additional) for adolescent health measurement across six domains: policies, programs, and laws (4 indicators); systems performance and interventions (4); health determinants (7); health behaviors and risks (20); subjective well-being (2); and health outcomes and conditions (10)., Discussion: These indicators are the result of a robust and structured five-year process to identify a priority set of indicators with relevance to adolescent health globally. This inclusive and participatory approach incorporated inputs from a broad range of stakeholders, including adolescents and young people themselves. The GAMA-recommended indicators are now ready to be used to measure adolescent health at the country, regional, and global levels., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2024
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35. The Role of School Connectedness and Friend Contact in Adolescent Loneliness, and Implications for Physical Health.
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Zheng Y, Panayiotou M, Currie D, Yang K, Bagnall C, Qualter P, and Inchley J
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- Humans, Adolescent, Male, Female, Scotland, Interpersonal Relations, Peer Group, School Teachers psychology, Students psychology, Sleep, Loneliness psychology, Friends psychology, Schools, Health Status, Social Support
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The current study investigated how adolescents' loneliness relates to school connectedness, classmate support, teacher support, and offline and online communication with friends. We also examined the association between loneliness, physical health, and sleep. Data came from the Scottish Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC). The total sample was 2983 adolescents (F = 1479 [49.6%]) aged 14-17 years (M = 15.66, SD = 0.39) from 117 secondary schools in Scotland. Results showed that (1) higher teacher support, classmate support, and offline contact with friends predicted lower levels of loneliness, (2) online friendship engagement predicted higher levels of loneliness, and (3) poor health and sleep were positively associated with loneliness. The study offers new findings, highlighting the role played by classmates/peers and teachers in reducing loneliness. Supporting previous research, we also found associations between loneliness, poor sleep, and worse physical health., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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36. Associations Between Recent Contraceptive Use and First Sex Behaviors of Scottish Adolescents: A Brief Report.
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Willis M, Mabelis J, Currie D, Brown J, and Inchley J
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Objectives: We examined associations between recent contraceptive use and first-sex behaviors (early initiation, substance use, contraceptive use) among adolescents in Scotland., Methods: We used data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children study., Results: Controlling for early initiation and substance use, girls and boys who used contraceptives at first sex were 7.5 and 12.3 times more likely to use contraceptives at most recent sexual intercourse than adolescents who did not ( p < .001). We also present preliminary evidence on contraceptive use of Scottish adolescents in 2022., Conclusions: Experiences during adolescents' first sex may have lasting implications for later sexual behavior., Competing Interests: There is no conflict of interest., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.)
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- 2024
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37. Establishing spirituality as an intermediary determinant of health among 42,843 children from eight countries.
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Michaelson V, King N, Šmigelskas K, Dackevičienė AS, Malinowska-Cieślik M, Patte K, Gardner P, Inchley J, and Pickett W
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- Male, Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Canada, Surveys and Questionnaires, Spirituality, Social Determinants of Health
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The World Health Organization (WHO) Commission on the Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) conceptual framework identifies socio-economic position as a structural determinant of health. Recognized intermediary determinants include biological, behavioural, and psychosocial factors. We examined whether connections afforded by a healthy spirituality potentially act as unrecognized intermediary determinants in adolescent populations, contributing to inequities in mental health. Reports from 42,843 children (21,007 boys, 21,836 girls) from eight countries who participated in the 2017-2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study were used to describe correlations between family affluence and positive levels of mental health, using a cross-sectional design. Based on the CSDH conceptual framework and multivariable regression analyses, we then examined whether these associations were mediated by spiritual health. Connections afforded by a high level of spiritual health were universally correlated with positive mental health status. In three Western European nations (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Canada affluence was correlated with better mental health and this was partially mediated by spiritual health. Among the four Eastern European countries (Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland), our findings did not support aspects of the CSDH framework that focus on affluence as a direct determinant of health. Spiritual health potentially is an intermediary determinant of children's health in some Western countries, but not in Eastern countries. The universality of social determinants of health models and the measures used in their evaluation require careful assessment across cultures, political contexts, and health outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Crown Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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38. New mental health research goals are an important step forward for child and adolescent mental health.
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Inchley J, Cunningham E, McMellon C, and Maclachlan A
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- Humans, Child, Adolescent, Mental Health, Goals, Mental Health Services, Mental Disorders therapy
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- 2023
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39. Adolescent use of social media and associations with sleep patterns across 18 European and North American countries.
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Boniel-Nissim M, Tynjälä J, Gobiņa I, Furstova J, van den Eijnden RJJM, Marino C, Klanšček HJ, Klavina-Makrecka S, Villeruša A, Lahti H, Vieno A, Wong SL, Villberg J, Inchley J, and Gariépy G
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- Humans, Adolescent, Child, Sleep, North America, Jet Lag Syndrome, Schools, Social Media
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Objective: Over the past decade, concurrent with increasing social media use (SMU), there has been a shift toward poorer sleep among adolescents in many countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-national associations between adolescent SMU and sleep patterns, by comparing 4 different categories of SMU (nonactive, active, intense, and problematic use)., Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were from 86,542 adolescents in 18 European and North American countries that participated in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged study., Measurements: Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to examine cross-national associations between 4 SMU categories and adolescent sleep duration, bedtime and social jetlag derived from self-reported data., Results: For all countries combined, nonactive SMU was associated with longer sleep, earlier bedtimes, and less social jetlag, compared to active SMU, although the differences were minor. By comparison, intense and problematic SMU were associated with less sleep and later bedtimes on both school and nonschool days, and greater social jetlag, compared to active SMU. While findings were relatively consistent between countries, some differences were observed, suggesting that the national and cultural context may be important in interpreting results., Conclusions: These findings suggest that both intense and problematic SMU are associated with poorer sleep patterns in adolescents across most countries. Further research is needed to identify effective policies, programs, and messaging to promote the healthy use of social media and prevent potential negative impacts on adolescent sleep., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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40. Mental health and loneliness in Scottish schools: A multilevel analysis of data from the health behaviour in school-aged children study.
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Goodfellow C, Willis M, Inchley J, Kharicha K, Leyland AH, Qualter P, Simpson S, and Long E
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- Adolescent, Humans, Child, Multilevel Analysis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Behavior, Mental Health, Loneliness psychology
- Abstract
Background: Adolescent loneliness and poor mental health represent dual public health concerns. Yet, associations between loneliness and mental health, and critically, how these associations vary in school settings are less understood., Aims: Framed by social-ecological theory, we aimed to identify key predictors of adolescent mental health and examine school-level variation in the relationship between loneliness and mental health., Sample: Cross-sectional data on adolescents from the 2018 wave of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (HBSC) in Scotland were used (N = 5286)., Methods: Mental health was measured as a composite variable containing items assessing nervousness, irritability, sleep difficulties and feeling low. Loneliness was measured via a single item assessing how often adolescents felt 'left out'. Multilevel models were used to identify social-ecological predictors of mental health, associations with loneliness and between-school variation., Results: Loneliness, as well as demographic, social and school factors, was found to be associated with mental health. Mental health varied across schools, with the between-school difference greater among adolescents with high levels of loneliness. Additionally, the negative effect of loneliness on mental health was stronger in schools with lower average mental health scores., Conclusions: The findings suggest that schools can play an important role in shaping adolescent mental health. Our study uniquely identifies that school-based interventions targeting mental health may be especially necessary among lonely adolescents, and programmes aimed at tackling loneliness may be more beneficial in schools with poorer mental health., (© 2023 The Authors. British Journal of Educational Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Psychological Society.)
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- 2023
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41. Feasibility of using health and wellbeing data for school planning: the SHINE pilot in Scotland.
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Chambers S, Haughton D, Mabelis J, Brown J, and Inchley J
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- Child, Adolescent, Humans, Feasibility Studies, Scotland, Focus Groups, Schools, Mental Health
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Child and adolescent mental health and wellbeing (MHWB) have received greater attention in recent years due to increases in mental ill health and reports of decreasing subjective wellbeing. The School Health and Wellbeing Improvement Research Network (SHINE) was established to create a national infrastructure to support Scottish schools to collect and use health and wellbeing (HWB) data to inform school improvement action planning. This study aimed to evaluate a pilot of SHINE's provision of school-level HWB data reports from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey and their impact on school action planning. Using a qualitative case study design, we collected data in four local authorities across Scotland via pupil and school staff focus groups (n = 23 groups), and from interviews with senior leaders, school SHINE Leads, other relevant school-level stakeholders, local authority (LA) HWB and data leads (n = 30 interviews). Data analysis was supported using Normalisation Process Theory as a guiding framework. Implementation was at an early stage. Participants indicated that the data reports were an accessible and valuable source of local information to support the improvement agenda. SHINE's expertise supported the lack of research capacity and strengthened HWB data literacy skills in schools. At the point of interview, data reports had not been shared widely within the school community, but there was some limited use of the reports to inform action planning around HWB. Through close working and further engagement with schools, SHINE has the potential to support them to deliver national commitments to improving HWB., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2022
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42. Priority Indicators for Adolescent Health Measurement - Recommendations From the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent Health (GAMA) Advisory Group.
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Marsh AD, Moller AB, Saewyc E, Adebayo E, Akwara E, Azzopardi P, Ba MG, Baltag V, Bose K, Burrows S, Carvajal L, Dastgiri S, Fagan L, Ferguson J, Friedman HS, Giyava C, Hagell A, Inchley J, Jackson D, Kågesten AE, Mangombe A, Morgan A, Newby H, Schultz L, Sommer M, Speizer I, Tang K, and Guthold R
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- Adolescent, Consensus, Data Collection, Health Behavior, Humans, Adolescent Health, Global Health
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Purpose: This article describes the selection of priority indicators for adolescent (10-19 years) health measurement proposed by the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent health advisory group and partners, building on previous work identifying 33 core measurement areas and mapping 413 indicators across these areas., Methods: The indicator selection process considered inputs from a broad range of stakeholders through a structured four-step approach: (1) definition of selection criteria and indicator scoring; (2) development of a draft list of indicators with metadata; (3) collection of public feedback through a survey; and (4) review of the feedback and finalization of the indicator list. As a part of the process, measurement gaps were also identified., Results: Fifty-two priority indicators were identified, including 36 core indicators considered to be most important for measuring the health of all adolescents, one alternative indicator for settings where measuring the core indicator is not feasible, and 15 additional indicators for settings where further detail on a topic would add value. Of these indicators, 17 (33%) measure health behaviors and risks, 16 (31%) health outcomes and conditions, eight (15%) health determinants, five (10%) systems performance and interventions, four (8%) policies, programmes, laws, and two (4%) subjective well-being., Discussion: A consensus list of priority indicators with metadata covering the most important health issues for adolescents was developed with structured inputs from a broad range of stakeholders. This list will now be pilot tested to assess the feasibility of indicator data collection to inform global, regional, national, and sub-national monitoring., (Copyright © 2022 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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43. Structural gender inequality and gender differences in adolescent substance use: A multilevel study from 45 countries.
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Cosma A, Elgar FJ, de Looze M, Canale N, Lenzi M, Inchley J, and Vieno A
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-Societal gender inequality relates to gender differences in adolescent substance use.-The gender gap in adolescent substance use is larger in countries with higher levels of gender inequality.-Girls in these countries were less likely to get drunk, use alcohol or smoke cigarettes than boys., Competing Interests: The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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44. Defining research priorities for youth public mental health: reflections on a coproduction approach to transdisciplinary working.
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Taylor A, McMellon C, French T, MacLachlan A, Evans R, Lewis R, McCann M, Moore L, Murphy S, Simpson S, and Inchley J
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- Adolescent, Humans, Research, Schools, Mental Health, Public Health
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Background: With most mental health problems established during childhood/adolescence, young people must be a key focus of public mental health approaches. Despite the range of factors known to influence mental health, evidence for effective interventions is lacking for this age group. This study aimed to define priorities for future public health intervention-focused research to support youth mental health by engaging with transdisciplinary stakeholder groups., Methods: Our coproduction approach involved priority-setting workshops with young people, researchers, practitioners and policy-makers. Each workshop focused on three thematic areas: social connections and relationships; schools and other education settings; and key groups at greater risk of mental ill-health, specifically LGBTQ+ and care-experienced young people. Workshop outputs were synthesized to define research priorities., Results: This paper presents the research priorities that were defined through the priority-setting workshops, and our reflections on the coproduction approach to guide future similar activities undertaken by others. Ten priorities for youth public mental health research were defined, covering the following areas: building supportive relationships; whole system approaches; social media; support at times of transition; improving links between different services; development and training for those who support young people; staff mental health; engaging with families; awareness of and access to services; and out-of-school and community settings., Conclusions: These research priorities can inform future intervention development to support youth public mental health. Our transdisciplinary approach means the identified research priorities are likely to be relevant to young people's experiences and needs, and to fit with the needs of those working in practice and policy to support young people., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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45. Loneliness and personal well-being in young people: Moderating effects of individual, interpersonal, and community factors.
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Goodfellow C, Hardoon D, Inchley J, Leyland AH, Qualter P, Simpson SA, and Long E
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- Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, England, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Loneliness, Personal Satisfaction
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Introduction: Loneliness is prevalent among young people. But, there is little work exploring the association between loneliness with well-being among this age group. Framed by social-ecological theory, we examined demographic, interpersonal, and community factors associated with personal wellbeing and, critically, identified malleable moderators of the relationship between loneliness and well-being that could be targeted in intervention efforts., Methods: We used cross-sectional, secondary data from 965 young people (aged 16-24) from the Community Life Survey in England. Loneliness was measured using a single-item direct measure; personal wellbeing was measured through a composite measure containing items assessing happiness, life satisfaction, and a sense that life is worthwhile (α = 0.88). Regression techniques were used to assess associations between individual, interpersonal, and community factors and well-being, and to identify moderators of the relationship between loneliness and well-being., Results: Loneliness was negatively associated with well-being. Chatting with neighbors and having people to provide help moderated the relationship between loneliness and well-being. Full-time students and those with good physical health had higher well-being while being a carer was predictive of lower well-being. All community variables were strongly associated with increased well-being. Of all interpersonal variables investigated, only having people to count on was associated with increased well-being., Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that supportive relationships and close community ties are important for reducing the negative impact of loneliness on youth well-being. Interventions to improve well-being could benefit from targeting these aspects of young people's social and community lives, while acknowledging individual vulnerabilities, such as poor physical health., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Adolescence published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Foundation for Professionals in Services to Adolescents.)
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- 2022
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46. The prospective relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.
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Milicev J, Qualter P, Goodfellow C, Inchley J, Simpson SA, Leyland AH, Kharicha K, and Long E
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Aim: Mental wellbeing in the UK seems to have deteriorated significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the rates of loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress taking longer to return to the pre-pandemic levels than elsewhere. Nevertheless, there is little knowledge about the interactions between these outcomes, or the factors that played a role in the rates of change. The current study aims to address this gap by simultaneously investigating changes in loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress in the UK from pre-pandemic levels to those between April and November 2020, while critically assessing the role of a range of social ecological influencing factors., Subject and Methods: Longitudinal data from Understanding Society (N=3475) were used to explore the changes in loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress from pre-pandemic levels (2017-2019) through November 2020, the interactions between these outcomes, and the role of individual, social, community and geographic factors in the rates of change, using multivariate latent growth curve model., Results: Loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress deteriorated minimally between April and November 2020, compared to the pre-pandemic levels (2017-2019), while the rate of change in each outcome influenced the rates of change in the other two. Key individual (age, gender, physical health), social (number of friends and similarity to them), and environmental (neighbourhood quality) variables influenced baseline scores and the rates of change., Conclusion: Considering significant dynamic associations between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress, we argue that interventions to tackle any one of the outcomes may have beneficial effects on others, while highlighting malleable factors and individual and community-level interventions to tackle loneliness., Competing Interests: Authors do not have conflict of interest. We used data from the publicly available Understanding Society Survey (University Of Essex, ISER 2021), deposited with UK Data Service repository. As per the study web page, ‘the University of Essex Ethics Committee has approved all data collection on Understanding Society main study and innovation panel waves, including asking consent for all data linkages except to health records. Requesting consent for health record linkage was approved at Wave 1 by the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) Oxfordshire REC A (08/H0604/124), at BHPS Wave 18 by the NRES Royal Free Hospital & Medical School (08/H0720/60) and at Wave 4 by NRES Southampton REC A (11/SC/0274). Approval for the collection of biosocial data by trained nurses in Waves 2 and 3 of the main survey was obtained from the National Research Ethics Service (Understanding Society - UK Household Longitudinal Study: A Biosocial Component, Oxfordshire A REC, Reference: 10/H0604/2).’ For more details, see the Understanding Society web page: https://www.understandingsociety.ac.uk/documentation/mainstage/user-guides/main-survey-user-guide/ethicsConflict of interestThe authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
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- 2022
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47. TeenCovidLife: a resource to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents in Scotland.
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Huggins CF, Fawns-Ritchie C, Altschul DM, Campbell A, Nangle C, Dawson R, Edwards R, Flaig R, Hartley L, Levein C, McCartney DL, Sinclair SL, Dolan C, Haughton D, Mabelis J, Brown J, Inchley J, Smith DJ, Deary IJ, Hayward C, Marioni RE, McIntosh AM, Sudlow C, and Porteous DJ
- Abstract
TeenCovidLife is part of Generation Scotland's CovidLife projects, a set of longitudinal observational studies designed to assess the psychosocial and health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. TeenCovidLife focused on how adolescents in Scotland were coping during the pandemic. As of September 2021, Generation Scotland had conducted three TeenCovidLife surveys. Participants from previous surveys were invited to participate in the next, meaning the age ranges shifted over time. TeenCovidLife Survey 1 consists of data from 5,543 young people age 12 to 17, collected from 22 May to 5 July 2020, during the first school closures period in Scotland. TeenCovidLife Survey 2 consists of data from 2,245 young people aged 12 to 18, collected from 18 August to 14 October 2020, when the initial lockdown measures were beginning to ease, and schools reopened in Scotland. TeenCovidLife Survey 3 consists of data from 597 young people age 12 to 19, collected from 12 May to 27 June 2021, a year after the first survey, after the schools returned following the second lockdown in 2021. A total of 316 participants took part in all three surveys. TeenCovidLife collected data on general health and well-being, as well as topics specific to COVID-19, such as adherence to COVID-19 health guidance, feelings about school closures, and the impact of exam cancellations. Limited work has examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people. TeenCovidLife provides relevant and timely data to assess the impact of the pandemic on young people in Scotland. The dataset is available under authorised access from Generation Scotland; see the Generation Scotland website for more information., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2022 Huggins CF et al.)
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- 2022
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48. Cross-national validation of the social media disorder scale: findings from adolescents from 44 countries.
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Boer M, van den Eijnden RJJM, Finkenauer C, Boniel-Nissim M, Marino C, Inchley J, Cosma A, Paakkari L, and Stevens GWJM
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- Adolescent, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Media
- Abstract
Background and Aims: There is currently no cross-national validation of a scale that measures problematic social media use (SMU). The present study investigated and compared the psychometric properties of the social media disorder (SMD) scale among young adolescents from different countries., Design: Validation study., Setting and Participants: Data came from 222 532 adolescents from 44 countries participating in the health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) survey (2017/2018). The HBSC survey was conducted in the European region and Canada. Participants were on average aged 13.54 years (standard deviation = 1.63) and 51.24% were girls., Measurement: Problematic SMU was measured using the nine-item SMD scale with dichotomous response options., Findings: Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) showed good model fit for a one-factor model across all countries (minimum comparative fit index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.963 and 0.951, maximum root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.057 and 0.060), confirming structural validity. The internal consistency of the items was adequate in all countries (minimum alpha = 0.840), indicating that the scale provides reliable scores. Multi-group CFA showed that the factor structure was measurement invariant across countries (ΔCFI = -0.010, ΔRMSEA = 0.003), suggesting that adolescents' level of problematic SMU can be reliably compared cross-nationally. In all countries, gender and socio-economic invariance was established, and age invariance was found in 43 of 44 countries. In line with prior research, in almost all countries, problematic SMU related to poorer mental wellbeing (range β
STDY = 0.193-0.924, P < 0.05) and higher intensity of online communication (range βSTDY = 0.163-0.635, P < 0.05), confirming appropriate criterion validity., Conclusions: The social media disorder scale appears to be suitable for measuring and comparing problematic social media use among young adolescents across many national contexts., (© 2021 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.)- Published
- 2022
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49. Correction to: The prospective relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.
- Author
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Milicev J, Qualter P, Goodfellow C, Inchley J, Simpson SA, Leyland AH, Kharicha K, and Long E
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01719-x.]., (© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.)
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- 2022
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50. TeenCovidLife: a resource to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents in Scotland.
- Author
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Huggins CF, Fawns-Ritchie C, Altschul DM, Campbell A, Nangle C, Dawson R, Edwards R, Flaig R, Hartley L, Levein C, McCartney DL, Sinclair SL, Dolan C, Haughton D, Mabelis J, Brown J, Inchley J, Smith DJ, Deary IJ, Hayward C, Marioni RE, McIntosh AM, Sudlow C, and Porteous DJ
- Abstract
TeenCovidLife is part of Generation Scotland's CovidLife projects, a set of longitudinal observational studies designed to assess the psychosocial and health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. TeenCovidLife focused on how adolescents in Scotland were coping during the pandemic. As of September 2021, Generation Scotland had conducted three TeenCovidLife surveys. Participants from previous surveys were invited to participate in the next, meaning the age ranges shifted over time. TeenCovidLife Survey 1 consists of data from 5,543 young people age 12 to 17, collected from 22 May to 5 July 2020, during the first school closures period in Scotland. TeenCovidLife Survey 2 consists of data from 2,245 young people aged 12 to 18, collected from 18 August to 14 October 2020, when the initial lockdown measures were beginning to ease, and schools reopened in Scotland. TeenCovidLife Survey 3 consists of data from 597 young people age 12 to 19, collected from 12 May to 27 June 2021, a year after the first survey, after the schools returned following the second lockdown in 2021. A total of 316 participants took part in all three surveys. TeenCovidLife collected data on general health and well-being, as well as topics specific to COVID-19, such as adherence to COVID-19 health guidance, feelings about school closures, and the impact of exam cancellations. Limited work has examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people. TeenCovidLife provides relevant and timely data to assess the impact of the pandemic on young people in Scotland. The dataset is available under authorised access from Generation Scotland; see the Generation Scotland website for more information., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2021 Huggins CF et al.)
- Published
- 2021
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